Imme si e Vi ual En i onmen s o Emo ional
Enginee ing: Desc ip ion and P elimina y Resul s
Alejand o RODRÍGUEZ a,1, Bea iz REY a and Ma iano ALCAÑIZ a,b
a Ins i u o en Bioingenie ía y Tecnología O ien ada al Se Humano, Uni e sidad Poli écnica de Valencia, Camino
de Ve a s/n, 46022 Valencia (España)
b Cibe Fisiopa ología Obesidad y Nu ición (CB06/03) Ins i u o Salud Ca los III
Abs ac . This wo k aims o iden i y he a ousal and p esence le el du ing an emo ional enginee ing s udy. Du ing he
expe imen al sessions, a high-imme sion Vi ual Reali y (VR) sys em, a CAVE-like con igu a ion, will be used.
Thi y-six olun ee s will na iga e h ough i ual houses ha can be cus omized and ha ha e been designed o
emo ional induc ion. Emo ional induc ion will be ob ained by s imula ing he senses o sigh , hea ing and smell. Fo
his pu pose, he ambien ligh ing, music and smell will be con olled by he esea che , who will c ea e a com o able
en i onmen o he subjec . Se e al physiological a iables –Elec oca diog am (ECG), Respi a o y signal and
Gal anic Skin Response (GSR) – will be eco ded du ing he sessions. The ob ained esul s will help u ni u e
companies iden i y he senses ha ha e mo e in luence on emo ions and will be he basis o new s udies abou use
needs in he sec o o u ni u e and in e io deco a ion.
Keywo ds. emo ional induc ion, emo ional enginee ing, Kansei, CAVE, HRV, espi a ion, GSR
1. In oduc ion
Emo ional enginee ing is a ield ha s udies he complex emo ional ela ionships ha connec objec s, en i onmen ,
e c. o indi iduals, wi h he aim o iden i ying use needs. The applica ion o imme si e i ual en i onmen s (VEs)
o emo ional enginee ing is a ield ha has no been widely s udied, despi e i s po en ial o p o iding new use ul
in o ma ion abou human beha io . Nowadays, i ual echnology used o emo ional enginee ing s udies has been
limi ed o ob ain cus om p o o ypes o objec s [1-3].
An imme si e VE o a ki chen, o example, was used by Nagamachi, ounde o Kansei Enginee ing, in a s udy
on emo ional enginee ing [4]. In his i ual ki chen, he pa icipan s could na iga e in he VE and hey deco a ed
he ki chen. In o ma ion ex ac ed om he cus omized i ual ki chen was used by ki chen designe s wi h he
pu pose o c ea ing an emo ional ki chen. These s udies we e called Kansei Theo y Type V o ViVA sys em by
Nagamachi [4]. A head-moun ed display and da a glo es we e used o his expe imen . Howe e , mo e imme si e
i ual echnologies, such as CAVE-like sys ems o s e eoscopic sc eens, can be used in any ViVA s udy.
These kinds o highly imme si e sys ems ha e been widely used by Sla e in s udies abou p esence and a ousal
o subjec s du ing na iga ion in i ual wo lds [5-6]. Analysis o physiological signals has been used in hese wo ks
wi h he objec i e o s udying he ela ionship be ween hese signals and a ousal and p esence le els.
In his s udy, we o e a new app oach o he communica ion, ma ke ing, design and manu ac u e p ocesses
applied o u ni u e and o he habi a p oduc s, based on hese p e ious wo ks [4-6]. The goal is o use Vi ual
Reali y (VR) o analyze he a ousal and p esence le els while pa icipan s na iga e in i ual houses c ea ed o
emo ional enginee ing s udies.
1 Co esponding Au ho : Alejand o Rod eiguz, Ins i u o en Bioingenie ía y Tecnología O ien ada al Se Humano, Uni e sidad Poli écnica
de Valencia, Camino de Ve a s/n, 46022 Valencia (España); E-mail: [email p o ec ed].
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2. Me hod
Kansei Theo y Type V was applied in he s udy, combined wi h VR. Th ee VEs we e de eloped wi h Viza d. Each
o hem con ains a di e en li es yle house (Figu e 1). A i ual home applicable o a ealis ic li es yle was designed
o he young social sec o (Figu e 1a). A VE o a ma e ialis ic li es yle was gene a ed o ano he social g oup
(Figu e 1b), which g ouped amilies wi h kids. Finally, he hi d en i onmen was a wo k en i onmen (Fig. 1c). All
VEs we e de eloped om eal d a s o homes ha we e designed by a company dedica ed o in e io design. Du ing
he expe imen al sessions, a CAVE-like sys em wi h head- acking and s e eoscopic ision will be used o achie e a
mo e imme si e expe ience.
Figu e 1. Th ee VEs o h ee li es yle houses, a) Realis ic li es yle en i onmen . b) Use na iga ing in he CAVE-like sys em h ough he
ma e ialis ic li es yle en i onmen . c) Wo k li es yle en i onmen .
In he global s udy ha will be conduc ed, 36 olun ee s will be exposed o his VE and will ha e o eely
deco a e he house. Senso y s imula ion (hea ing, sigh and smell) will be applied o he subjec s while hey eely
na iga e h ough he cus om VE in o de o induce posi i e emo ions. Ambien music will be used o hea ing
s imula ion. Changes in illumina ion o he i ual house, which will depend on he ime o he day ha we wan o
simula e, will be used o sigh s imula ion. To s imula e he sense o smell, i will be necessa y o use a scen
deli e y sys em (SDS100; Biopac Sys em, Inc.), shown in Figu e 2, ha will p o ide di e en ag ances in he
CAVE-like sys em. Speci ic so wa e was implemen ed o allow a con olled s imula ion by he esea che .
Du ing he s udy, physiological signals will be eco ded. ECG, espi a o y signal and GSR [5-6] will be
analyzed o -line (using Ma lab) o ob ain di e en pa ame e s, in bo h ime and equency domain [7-9]. Cus om
so wa e w i en in MATLAB will be used o his pu pose.
Figu e 2. Scen Deli e y Sys em. SDS100.
Fu he mo e, ques ionnai es conce ning p esence (SUS: Sla e , Usoh & S eed ques ionnai e [9]) will be
comple ed by he subjec s a he end o he expe imen .
P e iously o his global s udy, a pilo s udy has been conduc ed wi h he objec i e o measu ing he p esence o
a small popula ion g oup when using he sys em. An addi ional pilo s udy will be used o usabili y es ing.
In he ollowing subsec ion, we a e going o commen in mo e de ail on he pilo s udy on p esence.
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2.1. Pilo S udy
Ten olun ee s ( i e men and i e women) aged be ween 23-30 yea s old (mean age, 26.80; s anda d de ia ion,
1.751) pa icipa ed in he pilo s udy. All he pa icipan s had no mal o co ec ed- o-no mal ision. All pa icipan s
signed in o med consen o ms and he e hics commi ee app o ed his s udy.
In his pilo s udy, subjec s had o na iga e h ough he i ual house in wo di e en expe imen al condi ions.
In one o hem, hey na iga e h ough he VE ha was p esen ed in he CAVE-like sys em wi h s e eoscopy o i e
minu es. In he o he condi ion, hey also had o na iga e o i e minu es h ough he same en i onmen , bu , in his
case, i was p esen ed wi hou s e eoscopy. The o de o p esen a ion o hese wo condi ions was coun e balanced
ac oss he pa icipan s.
The ealis ic en i onmen was used o his pilo s udy. P e iously, all he olun ee s lea ned o use he con ols
o na iga e in a aining en i onmen . The SUS ques ionnai e [9] was comple ed by all pa icipan s a he end o
each expe imen al condi ion.
3. Resul s
In his sec ion, we p esen p elimina y esul s abou p esence in ou pilo s udy and u u e esul s which we hope o
achie e wi h he global s udy.
SUS-mean (mean o all he indi idual esponses o he p esence ques ionnai e) and SUS-coun (numbe o
answe s o he p esence ques ionnai e wi h a alue equal o g ea e han 6) ac o s we e calcula ed o each subjec .
The mean alue o each indi idual ques ion, SUS-Mean and SUS-Coun can be obse ed in Table 1.
A pai ed-samples T es was applied o compa e be ween hese ac o s in he wo expe imen al condi ions.
Signi ican di e ences we e ob ained o SUS-mean, (9)= -2,885; ρ= 0,018 and alues close o signi icance o
SUS-coun , (9)=-2,248; ρ=0,051.
Table 1. Mean o ac o s calcula ed wi h and wi hou s e eoscopy.
Va iable Wi h S e eoscopy Wi hou S e eoscopy
SUS-Mean 5,23 4,65
SUS-Coun 2,80 1,50
SUS-Q1 5,70 5,10
SUS-Q2 4,80 5,00
SUS-Q3 5,50 4,90
SUS-Q4 5,40 4,50
SUS-Q5 4,60 3,90
SUS-Q6 5,40 4,50
O he pai ed-sampled T es s we e conduc ed o analyze di e ences be ween condi ions in each o he ques ions.
The s a is ical esul s a e shown in Table 2. Signi ican di e ences ha e been ound in all ques ions excep ques ions
wo and h ee.
These esul s show a di e ence be ween he p esence le els ha subjec s el in he s e eoscopic en i onmen
and he non-s e eoscopic en i onmen .
Table 2. Va iable, (deg ees o eedom), and signi icance.
Va iable (9) Sig
SUS-mean (wi hou – wi h) -2,885 0,018
SUS-coun (wi hou – wi h) -2,248 0,051
Q1_wi hou -Q1_wi h -3,674 0,005
Q2_wi hou -Q2_wi h 0,480 0,642
Q3_wi hou -Q3_wi h -1,964 0,081
Q4_wi hou -Q4_wi h -3,250 0,010
Q5_wi hou -Q5_wi h -3,280 0,010
Q6_wi hou -Q6_wi h -2,862 0,019
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In ou comple e s udy, a ousal and p esence le el will be ob ained using ques ionnai es and analyzing hei
co ela ion wi h physiological pa ame e s. This way, we will s udy he in luence on physiological signals o
emo ional induc ion du ing he na iga ion in he i ual house in he di e en expe imen al condi ions based on ligh ,
ambien sound and scen cus omiza ion. A ile wi h all ac ions o he subjec du ing he s udy will be gene a ed by
he sys em a e each es .
4. Conclusions
The objec i e o he pilo s udy was o conduc a es whe e we could measu e he p esence le el ha he designed
VE p o ided o he subjec s using he s e eoscopic en i onmen and non-s e eoscopic p esen a ions. P e ious
sec ion esul s show g ea e p esence in he s e eoscopic en i onmen han in he non-s e eoscopic en i onmen .
This indica es ha use s will eel mo e p esen in ou VEs when hey a e p esen ed wi h s e eoscopy. P esence is an
impo an measu e ela ing o he subjec i e expe ience o pa icipan s in s udies o VR. I a high sense o p esence
is p o oked in pa icipan s by ou VE, i will be a good indica o ha ou s udy can be a success.
On he o he hand, he objec i e ha ou comple e s udy pu sues is o c ea e a Kansei ype V me hodology and
o use he esul s and conclusions ob ained o help u ni u e companies iden i y di e en ways in which human
senses in luence emo ional esponses o subjec s exposed o new u ni u e p o o ypes. This in o ma ion will help
hem o design u ni u e ha is be e adap ed o hei consume s.
Acknowledgemen s
This s udy was unded by Minis e io de Educación y Ciencia Spain, P ojec Game Teen (TIN2010-20187) and
pa ially by p ojec s Consolide -C (SEJ2006-14301/PSIC), “CIBER o Physiopa hology o Obesi y and Nu i ion, an
ini ia i e o ISCIII” and Excellence Resea ch P og am PROMETEO (Gene ali a Valenciana. Conselle ia de
Educación, 2008-157).
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