O sis,
5:
85-89
(1990)
Ace ylene- educing ac i i y and ni ogen inpu s in
a blu o
Elaeagnus angus i olia
L.
F.
Be mudez de Cas o,
Y.
A anda
y
M.
F.
Schmi z
Depa amen o de Ecologia. Facul ad de Biologia. Uni e sidad Complu ense.
28040
Mad id
Key
wo ds:
ARA,
Elaeagnus angus i olia, F ankia,
li e , ni ogen ixa ion.
Abs ac .
Daily and annual a ia ions in ace ylene- educing ac i i y
(ARA)
and ni ogen inpu
h ough li e all in an
Elaeagnus angus i olia
s and nea Mad id we e de e mined. Maximum
ARA
was ound a
6
a.m. and in Sep embe o daily and mon hly measu emen s, espec i ely.
To al ni ogen inpu in li e all was
34.5
kg ha-' yea -'.
Resumen.
Ac i idad educ o a del ace ileno en Elaeagnus angus i olia
L.
Se es udia la ac i idad
educ o a de ace ileno
(ARA)
y las en adas de ni ogeno po descomposición de la hoja asca en
un bosque e de
E.
angus i olia
ce ca de Mad id. El máximo dia io de
ARA
se ob iene a las
6
ho as y el anual, en el mes de sep iemb e. El ni ógeno o al que e o na al suelo del bosque e con
la caida de hoja asca es
34.5
kg ha-' año-'.
In oduc ion
Soil mic oo ganisms in ol ed in he ni ogen cycle play a e y impo an pa
in he e aining o nu ien s, especially hose o ming symbio ic sys ems
ixing a mosphe ic ni ogen wi h angiospe ms.
Elaeagnus angus ijolia
L.
is an
ac ino hizal plan commonly used as an ameni y plan and o land eclama-
ion pu poses (Fessenden 1979), de eloping oo nodules wi h
F ankia elaeag-
ni
(Becking 1974). I s abili y o ix ni ogen has been ecognized o long
(Nobbe
&
Hil ne 1904), bu he e is li le esea ch on i s ixa ion a es and on
he ac ual ex en o i s con ibu ion o he ni ogen economy o he soil whe e
i s g ows.
The ace ylene- educ ing ac i i y (ARA) and he ni ogen inpu h ough
li e all in a sub-spon aneous 20 yea -old
E. angus i olia
s and (Ron 1971)
we e de e mined. Loca ion o he s and is on coo dina es UTM
30TUK448492, men ioned by Rod íguez-Ba ueco (in Bond 1976) and desc i-
bed p e iously (Es eban e al. 1987). The blu is on a gypsaceous alkaline gley
solonchack wi h soluble sal s e lo escing o he su ace in summe and he
unde -g ow h is a Medi e anean
Juncus
sedge (Ri as Goday
&
Ri as Ma i-
nez 1963). The sampled a ea is 1 ha wi h 258 ees and se e a1 sh ub
Elaeagnus
specimens. Nodula ion was mo e abundan in he sh ubs and less so in he
ees.
86
F.
BERMUDEZ
DE CASTRO,
Y.
ARANDA
Y
M.F.
SCHMITZ
Ma e ials and me hods
Nodules collec ion was ca ied ou in blu sh ubs. Th ee andom samples
we e collec ed e e y wo mon hs be ween 11 and 12 a.m. in o de o s udy he
seasonal a ia ion, and e e y
4
hou s o s udy he daily one. Li e collec ion
was made in No embe -Decembe . Ten squa es,
1
m long each side, we e
placed a andom and he li e placed on he soil su ace was collec ed. Plan
li e no belonging o
E. angus i olia
was emo ed and hen he emaining
Elaeagnus
lea es we e d ied a 60 "C un i1 cons an weigh .
The ARA was measu ed by he me hods o Ha dy e al. (1973) in a gas
ch oma og aph KONIK KNK 2000 C-se ies, manu ac u ed by KONIK In-
s umen s S.A., Ba celona, Spain, wi h a H2 lame ioniza ion de ec o and
column o Po apak R 801100, 150 cm long and 3.2 mm diame e , using ni o-
gen as ca ie gas.
JMMyJSN
MONTHS
Figu e
1.
Annual ace ylene- educing ac i i y
(ARA)
luc ua ion in an
Elaeagnus
angus i olia
s and.
ACETYLENE-REDUCING ACTIVITY 87
da kness ligh
2
6
10
14
18
22
HOURS
Figu e
2.
Daily ace ylene- educing ac i i y
(ARA)
luc ua ion in an
Elaeagnus
angus i olis
s and.
To al ni ogen was measu ed by an elec ode speci ic o amonium
ORION 95-10.00 connec ed o a mV/pH-me e CRISON digi 501, a e a
Kjeldahl diges ion. Ni a e was analysed by he me hod o Humph ies (1956)
modi ied by Ga cia C iado
&
Ga cia Ciudad, (1972).
Resul s and discussion
The maximum ARA was ob ained in Sep embe , 3403.0 nM
c~H~~-'~-'
d.w.
and he e was none when
E.
angcls i olia
had no lea es (Fig. 1). The daily oscil-
la ion was measu ed a he end o Sep embe . The esul s a e compa ed wi h
he empe a u e and he ela i e ai mois u e and wi h pho ope iod in Figu e
2.
A maximum was ob ained a dawn, 3807.0 nM C2H4h-'g' d.w. and ano he
I
88
F. BERMÚDEZ DE CASTRO,
Y.
ARANDA
Y
M.F. SCHMITZ
one a e sunse , 3531.9 nM c2H4h-'g-'. The e was a minimum ARA o
1714.2
nM C2H4h-lg-' a 10 a.m.
E.
angus i olia
li e on he soil a e aged 121.1
k
5.1 kg ha-' wi h a con en
o 3.08% o N- o al and 0.57% o NO3-N ha p o ides 34.50 kg and 6.36 kg
ha-' yea -l o N- o al and NO3-N espec i ely.
The ARA in
E.
angus i olia
sh ubs is o he same o de as in sh ublike
ac ino hizals
My ica gale
om he cen al a ea o he Ibe ian Peninsula and in
Colle ia spinosissima
and
Disca ia se a i olia
(Be múdez de Cas o
&
Alonso
1983). I is lowe han in
C.
pa adoxa, Alnus glu inosa
and
Co ia ia my i olia
g owing in di e en soil and clima es and in he g eenhouse (Bond 1976, Be -
múdez de Cas o
&
Alonso 1983).
Al hough he annual luc ua ion o ARA in
E.
angus i olia
is simila o
o he ac ino hizals like
A.
glu inosa
(Pizelle 1975, Be múdez de Cas o
&
Sch-
mi z 1981), in ou case he daily maximum occu s a 6 a.m., inmedia ely a e
dawn, ins ead ha a noon as ound by McNiel
&
Ca pen e (1979). This pa -
e n o daily oscilla ion in
E.
angus i olia
sh ubs is simila o he one ound
when he ARA was measu ed e e y wo hou s in sh ublike alde s in sp ing,
summe and au umn.
I seems, he e o e, ha his ARA ci cadian hy hm is cha ac e is ic o
sh ubs and ecalls he pa e n o g asses adjus ed o g ow in a eas wi h high
hyd ic s ess (Baland eau e al. 1978). Al hough he li e has no been meas-
u ed h oughou he yea , obse a ions o plan phenology o 3 yea s indica-
ed ha lea - all is minimal ou side he pe iod No embe -Decembe when he
lea es ha e been collec ed, excep o some casual s o ms in summe . The li -
e amoun and i s high ni ogen con en co espond wi h he alues ob ained
om o he ac ino hizal plan s bo h in he ield and he g eenhouse (Rod i-
guez-Ba ueco 1971, Sil es e 1977) and hey ep esen and impo an inpu
o o ganic ma e ial and ni ogen o soils o low e ili y.
Re e ences
Baland eau,
J.,
Duce , F.P., Hamad Fa es,
I.,
Weingha d, P., Rinaudo,
G.,
Millie ,
C.
&
Domme gues,
Y.
1978. Limi ing ac o s in g ass ni ogen ixa ion.
Zn:
Dobe-
eine ,
J.,
Bu is, R.H.
&
Hollaende , A. (eds.). Limi a ion and Po en ials o
Biological Ni ogen Fixa ion in he T opics. Plenum P ess. New Yo k. pp. 275-
302.
Becking,
J.H.
1974. Family
I11
F ankiaceae.
Becking 1970, 201.
Zn:
Buchanan, R.E.
&
Gibbons, N.W. (eds.) Be gey's Manual o De e mina i e Bac e iology. Wi-
lliams and Wilkins. Bal imo e. pp. 701-706.
Be múdez de Cas o,
F.
&
Al onso,
M.
1983. Nodulación y diazo o ia de plan as ac i-
no izas en la República A gen ina. S udia Oecologica
4:
183-190.
Be múdez de Cas o,
F.
&
Schmi z,
M.F.
1981. Va iaciones dia ia y es acional de la
ac i idad ni ogenasica en
Alnus glu inosa.
Ac a Salman icensia, Ciencias
44:
147-
148.
ACETYLENE-REDUCING ACTIVITY 89
Bond, G. 1976. The esul s o IBP su ey o oo -nodule o ma ion in non-legumes
angiospe ms. In: P.S. Nu man (ed.). Simbio ic Ni ogen Fixa ion in Plan s. Cam-
b idge Uni e si y P ess. Camb idge. pp. 443-474.
Cañizo, A.
&
Rod íguez-Ba ueco, C. 1976. Induc ion o oo nodules on Co ia ia
my i olia L. g owing in wa e cul u e. New Zealand
J.
Bo . 14:271-274.
Es eban, M.L., Do da,
J.,
Mulle , A.
&
Be múdez de Cas o, F. 1987. El bosque e de
Elaeagnus angus i olia
L.
de Valdemo o (Mad id). Bol. Es . Cen . Ecol. 31: 83-
91.
Fessenden, R.L. 1979. Use o ac ino hizal plan s o land eclama ion and ameni y
plan ing in USA and Canada. In: Wheele C.T. and Pe y, D.A. (eds.) Symbio ic
Fixa ion in he Managemen o Tempe a e Fo es . O egon S a e Uni e si y. Co -
allis. pp. 403-419.
Ga cia C iado, B.
&
Ga cia Ciudad, A. 1972. Es udio c i ico de mé odos pa a la de-
e minación de ni a os en plan as. An. Eda ol. Ag obiol. 31: 821-830.
Ha dy, R.W.F., Bu ns, R.C.
&
Hols en, R.D., 1973. Applica ions o he ace ylene-
e hilene assay o measu emen o ni ogen ixa ion. Soil. Biol. Biochem, 5: 47-81.
Humph ies, E.C. 1956. Mine al componen s and ash analysis. In:
K.
Pa k and T acey,
W.M. (eds.). Mode n Me hods o Plan Analysis. Sp inge -Ve lag. Be lin.
McNiel, R.E.
&
Ca pen e , P.L. 1979. The e ec o empe a u e, sola adiac ion and
mois u e on he educ ion o ace ylene by excised oo nodules om Alnus glu ino-
sa. New Phy ol. 82: 459-465.
Nobbe, F.
&
Hil ne , L. 1904. Übe das
S icks o sammungs e mogen
de E len und
Elaeagnaceen. Na u w.
Z.
F os . und Landwu . 2: 366.
Pizelle, G. 1975. Va ia ions saissonnib es de l'ac i i é ni ogénasique des nodules
dlAlnus glu inosa (L.) Gae n., d'Alnus incana (L.) Moench e d'Alnus co da a
(Lois) Des . C.R. Acad. Sci. Pa is. 281: 1829-1832.
Ri as Goday, S.
&
Ri as Ma inez, S. 1963. Es udio y Clasi icación de 10s Pas izales
Españoles. Minis e i0 de Ag icul u a. Mad id.
Rod íguez-Ba ueco, C. 1971. E ec o del ni ogeno combinado sob e el desa ollo,
nodulación y c ecimien o de Elaeagnus angus i olia
L.
An Eda ol. Ag obiol. 30:
149-161.
Ron, M.E. 1971. Sob e el ca ác e subespon áneo de Elaeagnus angus i olia L. An.
Real Acad. Fa macia. 37: 229-240.
Sil es e , W.B. 1977. Dini ogen ixa ion by plan associa ions excluding legumes, In:
Ha dy, R.W.F. and Gibson, A.H. (eds.). A T ea ise on Dini ogen Fixa ion. IV.
Wiley. New Yo k, pp. 141-190.
Manusc ip ecei ed on Ap il1989.