Nuostabi kelionė į kompiuterių šalį

OBSERVATIONS JOURNEY Į THE COMPUTER WORLD “The country of computers has been formed quite recently. As in every ir young state, there is still a lot of disorder, it is not yet clear who lives where, sometimes even what the name is. Instead, almost everything here is new, — attracts ji attention, changes, improves, there are better and more sophisticated — devices." This is how well-known computer specialist ir V.Dagienė begins writing her new book. Jos “Journey to į the country of computers" (V., 1995. —127 P.) is recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science and published with the funding of the Open Lithuania Foundation. The text of the book was edited by V. Bėkštienė, painted the pictures V. Bortkevičienė, they put the į booklet R. Rekašienė, o appreciated everything A. Klupšaitė. Without a doubt, it can be said that this book will be interested only children of younger, ne but older school age. On the first page, they will be ir introduced to the intriguing content of the book: be familiar this computer computer brain computer memory disk su drives floppy disks city how to talk to a computer — (6), (30), (38), ir (46), su (54), Logo kingdom (62), computer plays (78), computer draws plays ir computer (86), editor — computer (94), postman computer — grandparen- (110), ts great-granir dparents (118). In the following pages readers will find more detailed explanations about the basic concepts of computing, computer structure, systems, programs, jų working principles, and will get su acquainted with the history of computers. In addition to the author's idea that in the country of computers the booklet is ir arranged according to the rules of this country, I would like to add that most (5), of the words and sentences are arranged according to the rules of ir grammar, except for one other lexical trifle, e.g.: restoration restoration, updating): demodulation means the reverse process occurrence) restoration of the changed (= signal) restoration) assimilate <...> learn, memorize) (— — (= (112); (= : So you mastered learned, (= memorized) another team (66). To master (= learn, memorize) Logo language, need <...> (70); prepare, prepare to (= prepare, prepare): Therefore, the computer is a great assistant to prepare some text for some text) (= (96). Now almost all books are prepared prepared) with laser printers (= meet (= detect): In life we meet (= (106); 101 discover) many examples (39). Because the language of the book is clear, fluid, and picturesque, it is very interesting to travel around such a country. For example, this is how a computer is described. “Once upon a time there was a television. Every day he entertained children, showed films, followed fairy tales. But eventually he became sad. He talks to everyone, tells them, and if someone says a word to him... And then there was the sound of the typewriter: tuk-tuk, tuk-tuk... the typewriter was comforting itself: "It's sad for me. Everyone just orders, indicates what to print. And I myself can't complain to anyone, I have no one to talk to." They sighed blackly like this and decided to unite: what the Typewriter will say, the Television will show, the Television will ask, the Machine will answer... ko o — The keyboard. So it was born Computer. But he needed a lot more, a lot oi more. ko The most — important brain" (7). I want to ir read this book in one sitting to find out, ir ką gi how that computer works, how you should su talk to it. O talk, it turns out, can be very easy. It is only necessary to use the correct terms. They, relatives and species, are abundant in the booklet. Most of the terms are explained and even given more meaningful synonyms. This is a list of algorithms: Algorithm (algorithm) — a precise notation of any (=each) problem solution. When an algorithm is written in a computer-readable language, it is called a program. (58) arithmometer (This is a simple calculator capable of performing four arithmetic operations. The first arithmometers were mechanical, later electric (120); plotter (When it is necessary to draw complex and precise drawings, special printers are used — plotters. The oldest are pencil markers (107); disk (46): CD or otherwise optical disk (51), Winchester disk floppy disk (Sometimes floppy disk is called incorrectly —“floppy disk”, Why so, it is quite understandable —floppy disks are made (48); abroad, on their cover often written in English diskette, well, and we read for a while. By the way, sometimes it is also called "floppy disk", 102 — ir it is so clear that it is a flexible, magnetic display (50); | (Lithuanians took the word display from the English word “display” —“to show, depict”. Some call the display “monitor” (the English word “monitor” has many meanings: one of them — monitoring, control device) (16); Logo language (Do you know where the name Logo comes from? From the Greek “logos”, which means “word” or “thought” (64); computer (Word computer, message, derived from the English word “compute” — to compute. Anglai žodį šį pasiėmė lotynų kalbos iš “computo” reiškia skaičiuoju asmeninis kompiuteris (8) : buitinis kompiuteris (10), elektroninis kompiuteris kišeninis (15), kompiuteris nešiojamasis (121), kompiuteris spausdintuvas (Angliškai (15), spausdintuvas printer (15); (and pronounced similarly - “print”). Therefore, sometimes ir we like to call it a printer. When we have a beautiful Lithuanian word, it is not appropriiš ate to borrow from other languages (104) : needle printer laser printer (103), inkjet printer Marker (102), (103); (Suddenly, our attention was drawn to a moving rectangle on the — screen that ir signed the letter, it į moved to the right. What is this? What is it for? Thai Bookmark (15). Į šį list to be able to add even more regular ir offers to the book ir “Journey to į the country of computers" in computer terms. However, ir iš jo it is clear that the author is well acquainted with su computer terminology and not ir drowned in the sea of its current synonyms. However, one other term could be discussed. ir Very good that the author refuses English fables. However, she suggests one of the synonyms of the file that ir is constantly used by her closest collaborators iš — There (59) are many questions, some of which have already been written vo about. So there is jų no need to repeat. It can only be added that the motivation for the transfer of the word case (the main meaning of this word is transferred) is very ne unclear. A more appropriate Lithuanian equivalent of the file would probably be the word rinkmena. ! See. Mother tongue, 1994, No. 8-9, p. 17; No. 4, p. 21-22. 103 The code ir of black and white lines on foreign goods is called barcode ne or barcode. (75), Terms to be corrected, such as: ir persistent memory (42) (=permanent memory), touch (=sensitive) screen scanner (74), reader). (75)(= What is the space between lines specific (96), letters if you can put it simply: (26), space between lines, specific letters. Angelė KAULAKIENĖ 104