Lauryno Ivinskio mineralogijos naujadarai

2018-09-01 LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE INSTITUTE INNOVATIONS IN MINERALOGY BY LAURYNAS IVINSKIS Terms of botany and mycology of Laurynas Ivinskis (1810-1881), one of the first Lithuanian natural sciences terms creators of the 19th century, have already been somewhat examined", and in this article the mineral names composed by L. Ivinskis are discussed. L. Ivinskis presented mineralogical terms in the first part of the manuscript Prigimtūmenė. As was written?, two versions of the first part of the aforementioned scientific work have survived: „Žemėtras“ in the manuscript of the library of the Lithuanian Literature and Folklore Institute, and „Žemėmina“ in the manuscript of the library of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków. The main parts of both manuscripts, which describe still nature, are almost identical, so the names of minerals discussed in the article are taken from the manuscript preserved in Vilnius. In the description of „Žemėtrų“ L. Ivinskis gave over 400 geography and mineralogy terms, with each Lithuanian term given Latin, in many places Polish and German equivalents, e.g.: būraksas, lat. Chrysocolla, left. Borax, vok. Der Borax Pr 36; silver, lot. Argentum, left. Silver, vok. The silver Pr 37. In the aforementioned part L. Ivins- | See. Jankevičius K., Jankevičienė R. Some new data about L. Ivinskis's work in the field of Lithuanian botany terminology. —Botanikos klausimai 2, Vilnius, 1962, 151-163; Auksoriūtė A. L. The taxonomic names of Ivinskis's "Prigimtūmenės". —Terminologija 2, Vilnius, 1995, 58-65; Auksoriūtė A. Lauryno Ivinskio „Prigimtūmenės“ systematic categories names. —Laurynas Ivinskis calendar 150-mečiui: Articles and documents, Vilnius, 1997, 33-39; Jan kevičienė R. Laurynas Ivinskis —creator of Lithuanian names of plants. —Laurynas Ivinskis calendar 150th anniversary: Articles and documents, Vilnius, 1997, 40-46; Auksoriūtė A. L. Ivinskio mycological terms.—Terminologija 7, Vilnius, 2000, 27r. Auksoriutė A. Laurynas Ivinskis' manuscripts in Kraków. —Terminologija 5, Vilnius, 1998, 102-110; Auksoriūtė A. The terminological legacy of Laurynas Ivinskis. —Lietuvių kalbotyros klausimai 40, Vilnius, 1998, 32—40. 48-58. 95 whose submitted novelties constitute more than one fifth of all the terms described in this paragraph. Most of the names of minerals composed by L. Ivinskis are presented in the Lithuanian Language Dictionary with the only reference that the word was taken from L. Ivinskis' writings. By comparing these mineral names presented in the LKZ and the terms of the first part of Prigimtūmenės, it becomes clear that the names of minerals included in the LKZ by L. Ivinskis are precisely from this work. A little more than half of L. Ivinski’s novels are Vedic, and the rest are of the sculptural style. The Vedic group consists mainly of adverbial Vedas—four fifths. Prepositional and ending derivatives together make up only one fifth of all derivatives. L. Ivinskis usually used the suffix -enis, -enė to name minerals. The 16th edition of the book is published in 1999, with 16 additional chapters, including: "The 16th edition of the Bible". Porphyrites piceus, Picites or Lapis piceus, left. Smolowiec, vok. Pechstein Pr 22 (: resin), cf. porphyrites ChTŽ; jakSeni —jakšēnis, lot. Axinites rhomboides, left. Axynit, vok. Axinit Pr 18 (: jakšis „axis“ LKZ IV), the motivation and basis of this derivative to change (Latin axinites; Greek axon „axis“), cf. axinite ChTŽ; paper ~ paper or paper-filled, lot. "Asbestos papyraceus vel suberosus". The paper asbestos or mountain cork Pr 25 (: popierius), plg. asbestas ChTZ; ratenis ~ raténis, lot. Actinotus, lenk. Promieniec, vok. Der Strahlstein Pr 24 (: ratas), plg.? Actinolite ChTZ; rievenis ~ lobain, lot. Stearochalyx, left. Dolomites, vol. Der Dolomit Pr 31 (: rievé), see rievénis I "dolomitas" LKZ XI; butter ~ swiestenis, lot. "Alumen butyraceum". Masto górne, vok. Bergbutter Pr 36 (: butter), plg.? alunite ChTZ; taukenis ~ taukenis, lot. Oreostear, left. Talkowiec, vok. Der Talk Pr 28 (: fat), cf. 1 talc DZ, NdZ, TZZ, MedZ 531, LTE VII 275; Ser “very soft fatty mineral —water-soluble” * Terms are given first, transcribed in common language, and after the tilde are given Lithuanian names and their equivalents in other languages as written by L. Ivinskis. * Abbreviations are taken from the Lithuanian Language Dictionary (I—Ivinskis). 96 gaseous magnesium silicate used in medicine, cosmetics and technology” LKŽ XV; titanus — titan, lot. "Schistus Lydius". The Lydian Stone, vok. Kieselschiefer Pr 5 (: titnagas- ), cf. titnagenis I "titnagago slate" LKŽ XVI et al. Two derivatives of this adverb were created by L. Ivinskis, using his own derivatives as the base words, e.g.: palakštenis —pataksztenis, lat. "Atizoés Lepidolithus, lenk". Lepidolite, vok. Lepidolith Pr 26-27 (: patakszty or patakszty, Latin Atizoés micans Pr 26), cf. lepidolite ChTZ; rašmenis ~ lettering, lot. Schist tabularis, lenk. 17 (1944) Piano Sonata No. 4 in G minor, op. The other -enis suffixes are not entirely clear in their Vedic base words, e.g. plostenis ~ plostenis, lat. Hydrargyrus argentosus. Amalgama, vok. Das Amalgam Pr 37 (: plostėkė? see plostėkė 1) [K], Jn (Kv), J “splinter, splinters”. 2) J "plate". 3) J, Vdk "slice" of LKŽ-X; in this case it could have been disintegration — omitted suffix of the base word), cf. amalgam “metal solution in mercury” ChTZ; turpeness —turpeness, lot. Columnaris basanites, lenk. Basalt, vok. Basalt Pr 7 (: tirpti), cf. bazaltas ChTŽ, the consonant in front of the suffix in this derivative ¢ L. Ivinskis could have taken from the communicative suffix, or from other basic stems, e.g.: swiestėnis, palakštėnis, because the same consonant at the place of the collision of the suffix and the stem could hide the boundaries of the suffix and L. Ivinskis realized in this case that he had a suffix with f. A few examples of adjective variant -enė derived by L. Ivinskis: paskandené ~ paskandėnė, lot. Diluvialia, lenk. 100% cotton, vok. Fluthland (who became naked during the bite) Pr 7 (: bite, see LKZ IX); sanpuvenė —sqnpuwené, lot. Stagnigena, vok. Tertiary or molasses mountains Pr 6-7 (: supuvo); cherry ~ wisznenė, lot. Cererium, left. Kamieri Ceresowy, vok. Cerinstein Pr 42 (: cherry); žemčiūgenė — žemčziugėnė, lot. Atizoés Margarites, left. Daisy or pertowiec, vok. The pearl glimmer Pr 27 (: žemčiūgas,,perlas®). There are few other names given to the mineral by L. Ivinskis. There are two or three different types of bridges, for example: bridges with two or three lanes, or bridges with three lanes. Phlegraeus pyropoeciloides, left. Trachit, vok. Trachyt Pr 7 (: eye), cf. trachyte "unequally grained, coated effusive rock" ChTŽ; glossy —glossy, lot. Calx 97 Tophouse, left. Tuff limestone, vok. Kalktuff Pr 30 (: hole), cf. section LMD (I) geol. „kalkinis tufas“ LKZ XII; tuff "light porous rock of volcanic origin" ChTZ: zalietr ~ zaliétr, lot. Atizoés Chloauges, left. Chlorine, chloride. Der Chlorit Pr 27 (: green), cf. chlorite ChTZ. The suffix -étras should be regarded as an individual suffix used by L. Ivinski, which he apparently liked and with which he formed not only the names of these minerals, but also the general name of the mineralogy already mentioned —Zemétros (: earth + -étras) and several names of plants, e.g.: ankštėtras — ankšztietras, lat. 1939. pp. 13. "Boulder, Colorado- ". Cephalotrichum Pr 53; kaišėtras ~ kajszietras, lot. Naematelia et al. -menis: baltmenis ~ baltmenis, lat. Astroides foliatus, lenk. Albit, vok. Albit Pr 22-23 (: white), cf. albite ChTZ; pilkmenis ~ longstone, lot. Grammatias griseus, left. CoiZitis (Zoisit), Pr 23 (: grey), cf. coizite ChTZ. The suffix -menis is quite rare and usually known only in dialects, but it is often found in L. Ivinski's novels. -mine: gelžmina ~ gelžmina, lot. Metalla, left. Kruszec, metalle, vok. Die Metalle Pr 36 (: geležis, see DiinZ), cf. gelžmena I neol.,,metalas" LKŽ III; šarmina ~ szarmina, lot. Natrum, left. Natron, vok. Mineralkali Pr 36 (: alkali), synonyms are given: wadin soda or powder Pr 36, cf. sodium ChTŽ. "The 2013-14 season is a milestone for my career". -ainis: mielainis —mielainis, lot. Cyanoides pseudo-sapphirus, Cyanites, left. Cyanide, vok. Cyanit oder Disthen Pr 23 (: sweet, see 1 mil 1) SD 59, [K], Kv, Rt, J. Jabl „gypsum, limestone“. 2) Kos 48, SD 113, J "chalk" LKŽ VIII); horned ~ horned, lot. Silex corneus, left. Horner, vok. Hornstein Pr 21 (: horn), cf. 1 horn I, DŽ "mountain rock —compound of clay rocks, granite and other materials" LKZ XI. -einis: glacial ~ glacial, lat. Coagulum saxeum, left. Kryolit, vok. Der Kryolith Pr 35 (: ice), cf. cryolite ChTZ; leafy ~ tapestry, lot. Actinotus virgulatus, Anthophyllites, lenk. Antophyllite, vok. Anthophyllit Pr 24 (: lapas), plg. antofilitas ChTZ. 5 See. Grinaveckis V. Lithuanian Dialects: Phonetics. Morphology, Vilnius, 1991, 16; Vitkauskas V. Morphonomenal phenomena of Lithuanian dialects and their fluctuation: Habilitation thesis, Vilnius, 1999, 44-45. 98 Some of the minerals in this group are known only from one single source. : -eitis: lašineitis — tašzinėjtis, lot. Steatites communis, left. Steatite or stoniniec, vok. 29, pp. 29. (in German) "Steiner, Jürgen". As P. Skardžius wrote, the suffix -eitalabai is rare, most often used Vedic with the suffix -ietis, but there are Vedic with -ei-, in the prefix not yet turned into -ie-°. -étis: to pray ~ to pray, lot. "Schistus orgillaceus". fupek clay sword, vok. Schieferthon Pr 26 (: molybdenum). There are also few derivatives of this suffix in our language, and almost all of them, as in this case, can be associated adjectively with nouns. -nik: glassmaker —glassmaker or glassmaker, lat. Antimony, left. Antymon, look. Spiesglanzmetall Pr 40 (: glass), cf. 1 glass polishing agent (-inki Kos 122). 2) Kos 122, I, J, NdŽ ‘arsenic’ LKŽ XIII; left. antimony —chem. ‘stibis’. The derivatives of this suffix are usually used to name persons, 0 to name various inanimate objects, as in this case, it is used less often. -tin: ragiinus ~ basalt rag, lot. Actinotus basaniticus. Basalt hornbeam, vok. The basal tortuous hornblende Pr 24 (: ragas). -uonis: white ~ batteonis, lot. "Oritis alcalinus, Leucites, lenk". Leucyt, vok. Der Leucit Pr 23 (: white), cf. white I "such a mineral, leucite® LKZ I. -oklis: odorant ~ odorant, lat. "Dysodes, Lapis suilus". Stone of Smear, vok. "Der Stinkstein Pr 31 (: smirda)". -muo: drawing ~ drawing, lot. Graphites, left. Otowek, vok. Graphit, Reissblei Pr 17 (: wrote), cf. graphite "crystalline hexagoniné carbon variant" ChTZ. -snis: solution —solution, lat. Ryax, turn left. Lawa, vok. Lava Pr 7 (: tirpo), given explanation: isztirpitas o uzszatuses uotas Pr 7, cf. tirpsnis I „lava“ LKŽ XVI. The vedic base words of the adverbs -enis, -ėtras, -mina, -ainis, -einis, -eitis, -ėtis, -ininkas and -ūnas are usually nouns, 6 Skardžius P. Selected writings: Lithuanian language word making 1, Vilnius, 1996, 360-361. 99 The -menis, -uonis derivatives are adjectives, and the -oklis, -muo and -snis derivatives are verb forms taken from the base words of the suffixes, so the minerals are named mainly by derivatives of suffixes made up of nouns, derivatives of adjectives and verbs are more rare. L. Ivinskis created only a few prefix derivatives for mineral names. They are formed with the prefixes pa-, pro-, san-, e.g. pa-: paanglenis —pagnglenis, lat. "Caementum carbonaceum". Keupersandstein Pr 6 (: charcoal, Latin: Carbonicums Pr I Kr 11); palakštis ~ pataksztis or palakstis, lot. Atizoés micans, left. Mika, vok. Der Glimmer Pr 26 (: sheet), cf. palakštis I see palakštė LKZ IX, palaksté Sts "sheet in a stone" LKZ IX. pro-: prokalkis ~ prokalkis, lat. Lychnites versicolor, left. Transitional limestone, vok. Uebergangskalkstein Pr 5 (: limestone), cf. pro-limestone 1 ‘limestone’ LKZ X; prorievis —proriewis, lot. Schist transitorius, lenk. Eupec transitory, vok. Uebergangsschiefer Pr 5 (: rievė), plg. prorievis 1 „skalūnas (?)“ LKŽ X. | san-: sankuolis —sankuolis sūnkesis, lot. "Barylithus lamelliformis". Sleep hard, vok. "Schwerspath Pr 34" (in Polish). L. Ivinskis took the Žemaičių word kūlis as the base word for this derivative, and the uo written in the derivative is a hypernormalism, cf. kūlis DŽ, BŽ 195, Š, kūlys Pp, Krkl, Lž; 1858, pp. 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153. All the derivatives of L. Ivinski's prepositions have the characteristic prepositional noun ending -is. As can be seen from the examples given, L. Ivinskis created new words not only with the most common prefix in the present common language and term making pa-, but also with pro and san-, which occur much less frequently in Vedic texts. This shows that L. Ivinskis did not avoid rather rare forms of composition when composing prepositional novels. One name is composed of a prefix and suffix together: probaltmis ~ probaltmis, lot. "Leucocystis". Pro-leucyt, vok. Analzim Pr 23 (pro-+ white + -mis). 100 In the first part of the "Natural History" the third way of marriage —the making of limbs —L. Ivinskis used only two names to form: girnis —girnis, lat. "Pyropoecilos foliaceus". Gnejs, wook. Gneuss Pr 3 (:girna), cf. gneiss "metamorphic rock of striped (gneisish) structure, formed from turbidite, quartz and other minerals" ChTŽ; fertilizer, lot. Chromium, left. Chromium, Nadelerz Pr 42 (: fertilizer "density, density"- ), cf. chrome ChTZ. The two are the only surviving survivors of the crash. L. Ivinskis used one of the dariausiy types of the ending -is, and as the base words he took the noun and the adjective. Dūriniai Dūriniai are usually divided according to the part of the language from which their second syllable originated. All the mineral names enriched by L. Ivinsky have the second noun sand, except for one punch, whose second sand is an adjective. L. Ivinskis made 41 punches with the second noun sandu. These new forms can be discussed according to the part of the language from which their first syllable originated (from a noun, adjective or verb). The second syllable of the six terms is the Žemaičių word kūlys „stone“, but it is not clear why L. Ivinskis presented it as a stem word, e.g.: akmenis or kuotaj, lat. Fossilia terrena, left. Earth and stones, vok. Earth fossils Pr 17. As can be seen from this example, L. Ivinskis considered the word akmuo (stone) as the main term and continued to use it in his work (akmenis brąngiejej Pr 17), while for the compound terms he chose a synonym from Žemaitija. In the word kuofaj, the diphthong uo written by L. Ivinski should be regarded as hypernormal. The word knuckle is a peculiar word of the Zemgalian language. „This word of the dialect of the Pajūrio, Kvėdarno and Švėkšnos mud-makers and most of the mud-makers of Don was also used by authors from that region — A. "A. S. Puškin, A. S. Puškin". It is found in many folklore collections, in the dictionaries of A. Juška, J. Šlapelis, M. 101 Niedermann and others. In the native dialect of L. Ivinskis, the word kūlys is now used in the combination girnų kūlys or girnakūlis. Perhaps the current range of the word kūlys does not correspond to the former one, but L. Ivinskis probably knew not only the word girnakūlis, but, living in Rietava, he heard the word kūlis used in the meaning of “any stone”. Both girnakiilis, which L. Ivinskis wrote with the changed ending -as: girnakuolas —girnakuotas, lot. "Pyropoecilos granites- ". Granit Pr 3, both kūlis in the entire range of use had the ending -is or -ys. Thus, L. Ivinskis could not make a mistake and write another ending of the word kūlis because of ignorance, and why he wrote so remains unclear. Two of the words L. Ivinskis formed with the characteristic ending -is of compound nouns: rauplakuolis —rauptakuolis, lat. Variolites, lenk. Ospowiec, vok. 22 (2nd ed.), pp. 22. ospa — "smallpox, smallpox- "; arrowroot —Rootroot, lot. "Aragonites pisiformis". Arragonite pea-shaped, vok. 1931) 1998 – Erbsenstein Pr 31 (: pea, stump), cf. aragonite ChTZ, German (b. die Erbse —„žirnis“, vok. the stone —‘akmūo’. The second type of carbon dioxide is carbon monoxide (CO2), which is a carbon-containing gas. Lithoxylon, Petrosilex xyloideus, left. Fossilized tree in hornbeam, vok. Holzstein Pr 21 (: wood, hammer); dervakuolas ~ resinous, lot. Picites, Porphyrites piceus, left. Smolowiec, vok. 7, pp. 107. (in Polish) Żółkiewski, Władysław. smotowiec —„degutas”, vok. das Pech — "tar, tar", this modernization should be considered a synonym of the already mentioned suffix -enis of the Vedic terben, since the equivalents in other languages are the same; gaurakuolas — gaurakuoltas, lot. Natrolithus, lenk. Natrolit, vok. Der Natrolith Pr 25 (: dust, dust), cf. natrolite “light, fibrous mineral” TZZ; grey-headed shark, lot. Feldspathum, left. Feldspat, vok. Feldspath Pr 3 (: field, hammer), cf. flutnagai "feldspaths, fieldspaths, silicates class mineral group" ChTZ, dt. der Feldspat —„lauko "Vitkauskas V. On the use of some Žemaičių words. —Lietuvių kalbotyros klausimai: Lithuanian Language Lexicon Development 8, Vilnius, 1966, 160. 102 spatha’. All the above mentioned stitches, except for the gaurakūlas, L. Ivinskis probably made following the equivalents of other languages. This group has two names, the first part of which the author borrowed from other languages: amazonkuolas — amazonkuotas, lot. "Astrios Amazonicus". "Amazorski feldspar, vok. Amazonenstein Pr 22; sprudelkuolas —sprudellkuotas, lot. Arragonites, lenk. Arragonit sprudlowy, vok. Sprudelstein Pr 31. All of these new forms have the ending -as, which is not typical of the common Lithuanian language, since most of the compound nouns have the endings -is (rarely -ys) or -ė. In addition to the stones, the second sand of which is the Žemaičių noun kūlys, there are two new ones with the second sand stone: kosakmenis —kosakmenis, lat. Stipteriacites, Alumen calcareus aluminaris albus, left. Tuna stone, vok. Der Alaunstein Pr 35 (: alouette, stone), cf. alouette Als, Kv, J, M, BS 101, Vkš, see kvosas LKŽ VI, kvésas (Polish: kwas) ‘alouette’ LKŽ VI; arlagelžis, arlaakmenis ~ artúgelžis or arlūakmenis, lot. Ferrum aétites, left. Iron clay kidney, vok. The Esenniere or the Eaglestone Pr 39 (: arlas, gelžis; arlas, akmuo), cf. arlaakmenis I; see arlagelžis LKŽ 1, arlagelžis (hibr.) I min. „Jot. Ferrum atčtites" LKŽ I, vok. The Eagle —"erelis", vok. der Stein —‘stone’. The name "Ivanovka" was given as a synonym. These examples show that L. Ivinskis used not only the Samogitian word kūlys, but also the word —akmuo, which is used in the greater part of Lithuania, when forming enriched nouns. The second syllable of the five terms is the word gelžis (see gelžis, -ies "iron" DūnŽ, LKŽ III), used by the Žemaites, e.g.: auksagelžis —auksageliis, lat. Ferrum sulphuratum seu Pyrites, link. "Iron Man, Vol. Schwefelkies Pr 38 (: gold, iron), cf. gold iron I chem. “compound of sulfur and iron; pyrite’ LKZ I, pyrite [Greek: pyrites (lithos) — ‘vulcanic stone’] ‘light yellow mineral’ TZZ; deguongelžis —deguongelžis, lot. Ferrum phosphoratum, left. Phosphoric acid, phosphate. Phosphorsaure = Eisen Pr 39 (: oxygen, iron); piengelžis —piengelžis, 8Keinys St. General Lithuanian Wordmaking, Šiauliai, 1999, 73. 103 but also with weakly made, e.g., suffixes -ėtras, -einis, -eitis, -ėtis, prefixes pro-, san-. In order to create enriched names for minerals, he usually used non-common, usually taken from his own dialect, secondary names, such as -kuotas, -jelžis, -skiltis, -kalkis. Some of the new words L. Ivinskis created independently, but many of them he composed following the equivalents of other languages, and the motive for choosing not all the basic words is also not clear. The names of minerals created by L. Ivinsky have not practically survived and are not used in the current terminology, apparently because Prigimtūmenė was not printed and both manuscripts of the first part were not widely known. If “Prigimtūmenė” had been published, some of the terms proposed by L. Ivinskis could have been adopted, e.g.: debenis, sviestenis, baltmenis, pilkmenis, ledeinis, moliėtis, ragiinas, baltuonis, plytmolis, as the horned one. However, it is doubtful whether some of his unusual or imprecisely motivated new forms would have entered into usage, e.g.: jakSenis, taukenis, tirptenis, vyšnenė, gelžmina, prorievis, gaurakuolas, piengelžis, rašmuoskiltis, veltmolis, etc. In modern terminology, minerals named by L. Ivinskis are usually referred to by borrowed terms, e.g.: albite Pr 22 — albite ChTZ; white Pr 23 — leucite ChT2; glacial Pr 35 — cryolite ChTŽ; Longstone Pr 23 — coized ChTZ; lobaenis Pr 31 — dolomite ChTZ,; splitter Pr 30 — tuff ChTZ; solid fat Pr 28 — talc ChTZ; iron oxide Pr 38 —hematite ChTZ etc. So it is worth remembering the Lithuanian names of L. Ivinskis. Abbreviations CEhTŽ —-DaukSas K., Barkauskas J., Daukšas V. et al. 1997: Che7 mija terminų aiškinamasis žodynas, Vilnius. DinZ —Vitkauskas V. Siaurės rytų dinininky šnektų žodynas, Vilnius, DŽ —Dictionary of Contemporary Lithuanian Language, Vilnius, 1993. LKZ —Dictionary of Lithuanian Language, Vilnius, 1956-1999. "Prigimtūmenė" (manuscript), 1870. TZZ —Tarptautinis žodžių žodynas, Vilnius, 1985. 1976. 110 LAURYNAS IVINSKIS’ NEOLOGISMS OF MINERALOGY Summary Laurynas Ivinskis (1810-1881) in the first part of his manuscript,,Prigimtimene“ presented over 400 terms of geography and mineralogy. His neologisms of mineralogy make about 1/5 of all terms presented in this part. A bit more than a half of neologisms of Ivinskis are derivates, others are compounds. The largest part of the group of derivates are derivates made with suffixes which name minerals. Ivinskis used to create derivates not only with popular Lithuanian language formants, for example, the suffixes -enis, -ené, -ainis, -iinas and the prefix pa-, but also with less popular formants such as the suffixes -étras, -einis, -eitis, -étis and the prefixes pro-, san-. Ivinskis compounds correspond with the most productive types of compounding in modern Lithuanian, though many underlying words of components of compounds are unusual and not characteristic of standard Lithuanian, for example, kūlis, kalkis, gelzis and skiltis. Names of minerals created by Ivinskis practically have not taken root and they are not used in modern terminology probably not only because,,- Prigimtimené* has not been printed, but also because some of his neologisms were unusual and their motivation is not accurate. Albina AUKSORIUTE Received 2001 07 20 Lithuanian Language Institute Antakalnio g. 6, 2055 Vilnius E-mail [email protected] 111