Tarmių medžiagos rinkimas lietuvių kalbos atlasui

VIEYU KALBOTYR OS KLAUSIMAIL II VOSS TSR MORKSLU A K AD E M. I J A COLLECTION OF DIALECT MATERIAL FOR THE ATLAS OF THE LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE E. GRINAVECKIENĖ Every year since 1951 in our republic the study of Lithuanian dialects and the collection of dialect material for the Lithuanian language atlas has been carried out on a large scale. For that matter Lietuvos TSR The Institute of Lithuanian Language and Literature ir of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences has ir 1951 prepared the,,Lietuviy Language Atlas Material Collection Program“!, 1954 m. was prepared ir released ir ,,Lithuanian Language Atlas Material Collection Instructions“*, giving specific methodological instructions on how to tą ar other dialectal feature iš to listen to dialect representatives, ją how to write, how to handle the ir collected material, etc. In order to collect dialectal material in a more planned and systematic ir manner, all Lietuvos The territory of the TSR was į divided into more 700 than a few settlements, each of which was about 10-12 km away from the other. The dialect of such residential areas is being studied. Now there are some more such research points, because during the expeditions or individual researches it became clear that, taking into account the historical development of the language and dialects, the number of points needs to be increased in those places where the dialect boundaries pass, where the characteristics of several different dialects intersect. It should also be mentioned that dialectal material for the Lithuanian language atlas was and is still being collected from isolated Lithuanian villages in the western districts of the Belarusian SSR (Grodno, Rodūniai, Jūrotiškiai, Varanavi, Astravo, Zietela, Vydžiai and Breslaua). From the very first days (1951) the employees of the Department of Language History and Dialectology of the Institute of Lithuanian Language and Literature, lecturers and students of the Lithuanian Language Departments of the Vilnius State University named after V. Kapsuko and the Vilnius State Pedagogical Institute were involved in the work of collecting dialectal material. Recently, a group of lecturers and students of the Department of Lithuanian Language of the Šiauliai Pedagogical Institute, as well as some Lithuanian teachers of the republic, have actively joined the work of collecting dialect material. At the beginning of the collection of dialectological material, attention was paid primarily to those dialects of the Lithuanian į language that formed the basis ir of the ir Lithuanian literary language, the dialects of the south-western Highlands (Kapsai Zanavykai) Pietų Lithuanian dialects. During the first three years of material collection (1951—1953- ), it can be said, 1Zr. Lithuanian language atlas material collection program, Lietuvos TSR Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Lithuanian Language and Literature, Vilrius, 1551, 2nd ed., 1€56. *Zr. Instruction for the collection of material for the Lithuanian language atlas, Lietuvos TSR Institute of Lithuanian Language and Literature, Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, Vilnius, 1954, 2nd ed., 1557. 191 all were studied Pietų Area of Lithuanian dialects (including some of the Medieval ir Dzurmiakų ns). From 1954 m. began to study the eastern Altay dialects, from 1957m. The study of the most difficult ir 1958 m. dialects of the Lithuanian language, the Žemaites, has been — carried out. It should be mentioned that in the course of the year alone dialect 1959 material for the Lithuanian language atlas was collected by residential areas. iš 85 So far, more than a iš quarter of the population has been surveyed. 500 The collection of dialect material is expected to be completed about 1963 m. How the work of collecting dialectal material of the Lithuanian language is carried out, 1959 m. collected dialect material. Ją here in general we will analyze. ir i The dialectologisir ts of the Institute of Lithuanian 1959 Language and Literature organized three scientific expeditions iš in the year, in which a total 20 of 200 people ir participated. 40 (The annual plan was provided to explore points.) The 30 first expedition took place in the west Belarusian TSR on isolated Lithuanian islands — Jūrėtiškių (current Yvijos), Varanūvo, Rėdūnios ir In the districts. This expedition investigated 7 the dialect of the residential areas. During the expedition, a lot of valuable, so far little known, heard ir dialect material was collected; collected ar such data that allow to expand ir Lietuvos The range of dialectal features found in the territory of the TSR, many new ir words reflecting the local colorit were recorded ir jų forms, a lot of beautiful old phraseological compounds, a considerable ir fiber of folklore, especially laments, incantations, collected about the place names of this region other valuable material. (Some of the folk tales written in 500 this region are presented as dialect ir examples at the end of the article, see. 199—204 psl. ). For example, Kargaudų (Rodūnios raj., puree V. Vitkauskas), Ramaškonių (Varanavo district, investigaJ. ted by Šukys), Azierkų (Grodno region, puree A. Vidugiris) surroundings, dialectal data show that there is a diphthongation of ie, monophthongation, Ik transformation, e.g.: dyna® uo y, #, (day), njkas (nobody), baby (stick), strap (whisper- ), gyddr (singing), spears (spikes), claws (clowning). The article is written in characters where the lk pronunciation coincides jų su It is different from the lk other sounds of the same name. Let's say, Belarusian In the isolated Lithuanian language islands of the TSR, e, 3, 4 sounds. They are pronounced hard po consonants (for to ir / hardness in this case is negligible) reflects ir the following Ik sounds: “andé (norej~noréjo) ; 3 -e (ragéj ~ regčjo), 84 — 1, į, y, ¢ (strong ~ cheese, žoidz ~ Ž9)di, roiras ~ rytas: pirkčloi ~ pirkčlę). In the examples of Žemaičių dialects, there are expanded ¢, 9 sounds. They are pronounced instead of Ik i, « short vowels ir su bivalents thereof (kėš kiša, ~ bdva buvo), also at the ~ end of the o word instead of unpronounced io, (sūkė lk e, é, ę ~siké, Idukė ~ waited, brdle ~ brėlio). ¢, 9 vowels are always short. Vidurio The examples of Lithuanian dialects use different from Ik &, o vowels at the unpronounced end of a word instead of ai, diphthongs au (children ~ children, say ~ sakaū). In these dialects, at the unpronounced end of the word, the ė vowel is pronounced Ik instead of ia, ei ir ¢ balsium (Kviėčė ~ kviečiai, sdkė ~ sakei, kdté kite. ~ The o vowel is pronounced at the end of dialect words instead of Ik ą (child's ~ child). Instead of Ik the short a closed end of the word here is a slightly reduced shade su u a (child ~ child). Different softness of Ik consonant groups from individual consonants is ar always marked, sounds are not transposed. Į Ik The length of the pronounced sound is usually indicated by the correspondi- : ng prefix su marks for vowels with ir a strong, strong-ended, broken prefix, su always long, — middle semilong, middle prefix marks, to, be placed on long vowels ir in cases where prefixes are not distinguished. The length of the sound in this case is indicated Ik by the usual length marking (dash, nose mark). Long unpronounced sounds are ir also marked. The half length of an unaccented sound is shown by a dot* on the side of the sound Low, When there are several accents in a word, the main one is the first, iš jų 192 Material from Pelesos (Rodunio district, researched by D. Gargasaitė) and Azierkai points shows interesting transformation of these dialects consonants ¢, d into g, k before e, ė vowels, e.g.: vdngenio (water), kėvas (father), kekės (wife), sugegé (burned). The material of the investigated area states that vns. vt. and past participle III-th person form at the end of a word before j or v fall the Ik vowels e, ė, 0, e.g.: ažvacidj (in the back), gerklėj (in the throat), ažnorej (panorejo), atdj (came), arpido (repeated), spidu (repeated), insispirdzinėj (resist). This phenomenon is most often observed in the case when j, v goes before a syllable with long vowels or diphthongs. In the Lazūnai neighbourhood (Jūrotiškiai district, researcher E. Grinaveckienė) such singular noun forms of the consonant root of nouns as mudj (mother), Zmudj (Man) were recorded; old forms of adjectives, as well as interesting forms of nouns, such as jaundmpjamp mūzbikos ždidzia (at the young man the harmonica plays), ažeifi tu radnumpjump susiedéliump (go to the real neighbors), martélesis andarškas (hammer skirt), žmogaiiskasai darbas (man's work), arganistasai (organist) and so on. ; There are two forms of the singular noun of personal and circumstantial pronouns: maimi and maimim (me), taimi and taiminmi (you), saimi and saimin (yourselves); the use of old postpositional pronouns and their variety of forms is recorded: kldusk tdmp kitdmp žmogičėp (ask that other person), z6ip (at your place), vaikiép (at the child, child's), peliump (at the mouse), dirump (at the door), manįp (at me); vaftuosai (at the gate), apivarditėsoij (with ropes), jdujosoij (in the yard), dzvijosbi momost (two mothers, at two mothers), etc. ; the use of the gender condition instead of lk was: bilo, nas ateima manap momap (it used to be, he comes to my mom); the presence of remnants of the ancient final consonant in verbs: srosis (will, will be), stojos (was), stojomės (we stood), vijos (followed), radės (appeared). In Lazūnai, as well as in some other studied points (Kargaudai, Pelesai), the unchanged and fixed form of the past participle of the active kind is used, e.g.: bernukas susnebūvį (boy tired), mergutdité ažmigį (girl asleep), ana numirį (she dead), vaikas apsišūcinį (child sick), Suva predį (dog eating), aš atūjį (I came), brigadiérus apšišdį (brigadier angry) and so on. Isn’t just this form of the plural noun, which now appears at first glance, a generalization of the old form of the infinitive noun for both genders and numbers, which is not found in other dialects of Lithuanian? In the case of the plural noun in these dialects, the old form of the plural is probably used, e.g. : in Lazūnai, Kargaudai and Pelesė with the ending -mi: akimi (eyes), dūrimi (doors), ndsimi (noses, nostrils), lūpėmi (lapės), rafikomi (hands); in Bieliūnai (about Nočia, Rodūnios district, researched by A. Jonaitytė) —with the ending -ma: žmonima (with people), šunima (with dogs), rafikoma (with hands); Ramaškonyse— with the ending—mu: avimū (with sheep), piemenimū (with shepherds), šunimū (with dogs). The present tense is rarely used here. It occurs (Lazūnų punktas) that their functions are taken by a half-subject, e.g. pamūtė žmėgų sédédamų (seeing a sitting man), dailg eidamij žmoniūīū (many people walking), found a horse eating (found a horse eating), lost eating (left eating), raged ani} sédamy (I saw jį sowing) ir etc. in these dialects and many different from the literary language adverbs 13. The eggs of the 111 193 callotyra, mius, e.g.: raduiki (tada), shijaukkai (Sen), tjjaitkai (then), dabarkai (now), dafkai (now), ingi kėrverelia four (į parts) ir d. kt Majority verb suffix su -(d)inning in these dialects, unlike It is usually not used to repeat the action. : (Lazūnai) išeidzinėja sénas šoilas dziédas (goes out old grey old man), dnas jail davydzinėja manė (he's already catching me), bring back your beautiful stuff (bring your money now); (Pelesa) makes a rattle for samany (working groove for moss); (Ramaškonys) already dimming (already darkeninir g) etc. About It is the old-fashioned way of telling. Here it is used as a suffix su instead of a prefix to a noun, e.g. Ik and stdu pie krasty su (it stands at the edge), meat beast at the meadows (we live by the forest). The prefix pie is used here about a place, e.g.: pie manį ir nepamirs (don't forget about me), ky saké pie dbelas (what he said about the apple). Directions to denote attraction po verbs (go, return, send...), unlike I'm sorry, the old pronoun is always used here. "without a prefix, e.g. go to me (go to me), he did not return her (he did not return to her), nuovėj berniukas dždės (the boy went to his uncle), aciunté jaunikį dukteriės (sent the boy back to his daughter) etc. ir There are many lexical ir differences in the studied dialects from Ik, many old Lithuanian words, beautiful phraseological combinations, which are usually not found in other Lithuanian dialects, e.g. : (Lazūnai) médzias (forest), médziaga (tree), fox, laputditė (squirrel), sprundagalvis, srumbagalvis (hammerhead), lakšras (tree leaf), phinksna (onion leaf), grūscis (mashed potatoes), Agsnis (a little), krimsc (to chew), nuplūkc (to wash off), vientara (still), success (story), succession (gifts), nusmainyce (change), apsikėpce (drop off), degięss, d-gunci (hot, -a), insivilgyce (get wet), skraidyce (run), riftkce (take, take), kienas darbas (whose work), one unidp neditarbija (one another su does not talk), on the first sleiiikscio pasakiaiį (first of all I said) etc. ; ir (Cargaudai) section (to be able: you still managed to sleepdc), pikeduc (to be angry: the child #indy nick hooker), screams like a fucked-up (cries, like a rattle, loudly), pjovacis (sawing, punching, spike), apsegtiwas (clothing), thin, like a musjarnis; (Ramaskonys) dudént (to talk), tarpūpėdzis (laying side), draugé (family), pdisy: (see: pdisau per langų), raudėnis (raudonviršis), grynas (naktas), kramty: (tingle: nelgjnė kramitos); (Pelesa) people (man: anyta people with carrot), code (kubilas), kéltuva (corner, cow), dievdicis (month ir moon: how much aždatibuji on dievdicio; ažu dievdicio mire), nastrai (mouths, mouth: nastrai, small, squeaky baby), anggelis (spragilo pasaitas), grassland (flower), stain (mandulys, guba), straublijs (rainbow), pluuskiioja, as botūgas per vandenį (nothing tasty), uncooked in the wind, unsolicited test parein, sukti ndsį (GROANS) ir d. kt The dialectal material collected by the first dialectological expedition has been scientifically summarized, ir and one after another of her iš works has been prepared for publication. The second dialectological expedition took place in the southwestern Samogitian — Priekulės, Šilutės, Pagėgių municipalities ir Klaipėda districts. This is the study of 9 residential dialects. During the investigation, a considerable amount of new, valuable dialect material was found. Let's say, in Klaipeda district about Plikius (investigated D. Gargasaitė) found an interesting vocalism phenomen- — on in the ai end of a diphthong word in all cases turning into a diphthong wo (see section 4.4). in this publication D. "The End of the Line: A Biographical Dictionary of the 20th Century" 194 (PDF). During the expedition, the phenomenon was more widely studied. It was also used to measure the limits of a range. Preliminary data determined the following triangle of the spread of this phenomenon: Plikiai —Kalotė —Dovilai. ‘V. Fenclau, having studied the local names of this region and trying to give the most general features of the dialects of this region, has also established the limits of the distribution of individual features, which in many cases are not confirmed by current dialect data4. Thus, this expedition clarified and V. Fenclau established the border of Žemaičių priekuliškių with Klaipėda and Šilutė. There is also a large number of skeletal remains from the Cretaceous and Cretaceous- -Paleogen. The pronunciation and spelling of local names has also been clarified. For example, the local names Grumbliai, Kantvonai, DeFcekliai, Drėverna, Protnešiai, Kūkorai in the Priekulė area are pronounced by V. Fenclau at the ending and are considered to be words of terminal pronunciation, whereas in our language they are recorded with the accent at the root and are pronounced today: Grūmblė, Kantvėna, Derceklė or Dėceklė, Dréverna, Protnesé, Kūkdra, etc. The pronoun Dreižiai has been established by us as a fourth consonant (the consonant of the noun and the suffix in the verb at the end of the word): Drei%é, Dreižiams, Dreižiūs, and V. Fenclau, in our opinion, wrongly considers it to be a second consonant (the consonant of the noun in the verb at the root, the suffix at the —end) and so on. During the expedition, it was newly established that the vowel e is single and in combination with /, m, n, r, going before a soft consonant, in the Prikuliškiai dialect (researched by E. Grinaveckienė) narrows and is pronounced roughly like the literary ė, e.g.: kėrijs (revenge), pėmpe (pemp), gėri (good), déve (gave), nėšė (carry), vėrpė (spin), but: kėršts (revenge), pėnkrs (fifth), gérs (good), dėvus (given), nėš, vérpdm (we spin) and so on. The narrowing or widening of the vowel e, depending on the consonant that follows it, is characteristic of many Lithuanian dialects, as well as of our northern neighbours Latvians Ik. The fact that this occurs in the Priekuliškių dialect significantly adds to the area of spread of this interesting phenomenon. In addition, in the whole area of the study, there is a wide use of the plural of nouns, pronouns and verbs, e.g.: anddo pačiūdo tir isimairėti (both of them have to feed themselves), abėdo Iggiu bova (both were equal), dvi daditi nit dékia isimuše (two teeth next to each other broke out), dvi mergiki abidi vėndki (two girls, both equal), du sūnų Zovusiu (two sons who died), modo pačiūdo nabdvova susidščiusiu (we were not acquainted with each other), ar nesusipyksetdu jodo (will you not be angry with each other), su dom vežėmom (with two carts), etc. As we know, diphthongs are not characteristic of other Lithuanian dialects and of Ik itself, and they are in danger of disappearing or have disappeared altogether. There is also the presence of two fractions of the conjugation in the forms of prepositional verbs, e.g.: rék nisiléstis (it is necessary to descend), nenūsitėpkis (don’t descend), įsilipris (to enter), isilūkos (to stay), isisūkos (to turn out), etc. In addition to the above mentioned, there are no more than 200 species of lichen known to be present in the world. In Šilutė district about Rusnė and Šyškrantė (researched by L. Swrgailaité) the first time was observed the diphthongation of the old terminal diphthong en (which now Ik is turned into ¢) with a participle, e.g.: buwéi se ei (was), pardavéi (sold), priėjči (arrived), — — — — 4 See W. Fenzlau, Die deutschen Formen der Litauischen Orts —und Personennamen des Memelgebiets“, 12, Halle, 1936. 195 $6kéi (dancing) ir etc. This new fact of the language is interesting in that until now iš dialects were only known by the old an, (Ik en ą, ¢,) turning ai, į ei, when they are pronounced tutvirtastarted preposition, ir e.g. sprčisri ri (to decide), kdisnis (bite), but current research clearly shows that the old word end is not pronounced ir (underlined by me) — E.G.) en can become a diphthong ei. It is also interesting that in the ir collected material of this region iš there are examples where į ei is the outgrown ir old anchor en (Ik £). About Prekuly, for example, it is said Ichihas (lens, such a pea: dauk Ičisu bdva rūgiūs), į skieisk (Squeals) ir kt. This fact will serve to clarify the origin of some words in our language and their forms. Unlike some other Lithuanian dialects lk, the noun adjectives of these dialects are formed in a dual way, e.g.: lėsdsisS lėsdis ir ir (skinny), jdundsis ir jdundis (young), mdždsis ir maZdis (small), gėrdsis ir gėrdis (good). It is possible that the first (sighs...) forms could be made Go, o second one. (heart..., in its dialect less common) Latvian language example. However, it seems to me that this opinion is contradicted by the ir example lk forms good... daryba, because the suffixes of these dialects, without having the main accent, a, ir are pronounced long (being long, it gets a subjunctive), o Ik it is pronounced ir pronounced briefly. This form of vowel is a pronounced long in all other ir Žemaičių dialects, the origin of the length is not o jo yet clearly resolved. It is possible that the dual use of noun forms in our ir studied area will bring more light and help to better explain the variations in the construction of noun forms of all Žemaičių dialects. There are also several ir other interesting ir adjectives written about Priekulė, for example: apatėjis aparėjis krasts nūbrūkis — jr (eating), shout to paint; kraštėjis —kraštėjė kėrė full of honey jr; pačiūjis—nū pacifiju izgerddu pékta #odi; midday —midday rėms yr outbreak; top — top ledge; upper — upper danit$ iškrėta (upper teeth fell out), etc. As can be seen from the examples, these adjectives have a distinctive feature of the object, that is, in their meaning they are closer to the substantive adjectives? or adjectives with suffix -inis?. There is an opinion that such adjectives could have originated from the noun verb genders and the pronoun he, she®. In the investigated area, complete iair #trunk verb transition to trunk was observed, e.g.: duddm į a- (weave), in kefir (I hate), m$lam (love), pér (pear), šėrat (feed), gėram (drink) and so on. The most interesting case of word formation is the suffix -nik, which is very common in these dialects. It denotes persons with a permanent occupation, characterizes characters according to their origin and place of residence, according to their occupation, e.g.: laukininks (peasant, kolkhozist), kdpininks (fisherman, dune inhabitant), žvėjininks (fisherman), žėmininks (peasant- ), kdrmininks (who used to catch moles), Iėtūvininks (inhabitant of Klaipėda), véntininks (inhabitant of Vente), kėmininks (village man). ® Pig, A, Valeckienė, Use of nominative adjectives in contemporary Lithuanian language, Zr. Language and Literature, 2, 175, Vilnius, 1957. * Pig, ibid., 260. 8 See. Z. Zinkevičius, The History of the Lithuanian Name Adjectives, 11—12, Vilnius, 1957. 196 ventojas), sailman (having a small cottage), susirinkimininks (a person performing the duties of a priest); išimrtininks (grandfather who lived from the exceptional) and so on. It is also interesting to mention that about Priekulė and Grobštai To call women by their male names, the noun form of a feminine noun made from a male name is used, e.g. : Kristupoji (Christo wife), Anskioji (Anskio wife), Mdrtynoji (Martyno wife), Mikioji (Mikio herself), Jūrioji (Jurgio wife), Ėndrikioji (Andriejaus wife), Krizioji (Krizo wife) and others. Among the syntactical features, the use of the negative ending is noteworthy, e.g. nebeatrūda tan vaika (did not find that child), žiaurėma nerddžidu karčivis būdams (I did not see cruelty as a soldier), šėferi dd nemacidu (I have not seen the driver yet), juk mes arklėna nevdlgém (we do not eat horse meat), aš nenorėjau tėvi trukdyti (I did not want to disturb you) and so on. ; use of the preposition and prefix py instead of lk prie, e.g.: py tvérds (at the fence), py vaika (at the child), py mangs (at me), pygalvėlis (at the fence), pggūdls (at the bed), pybutis (at the bed). More than 200 local names were collected during this expedition. This is very important, bearing in mind the fact that the names of places in this region have not been collected systematically at all so far. He also recorded about 20 old folk songs with melodies. (Melodie written by Priekulė culture house employee A. Jovaiša.) The third dialectological expedition of the Lithuanian Language and Literature Institute was mainly concentrated on the dialects of the northern and central Lithuanian SSR — Panevėžys, Pakruojis, Šeduva, Ramygala and Kėdainiai districts. In addition, the native dialects of the individual participants of the expedition were also studied. During the expedition, the dialect of 24 settlements was studied, including 16 native dialects. i It should be mentioned that in addition to dialectologists from the Institute of Lithuanian Language and Literature, two lecturers from higher education institutions and five teachers from the republic participated in this expedition. During the expedition, a lot of material was collected, clarifying the area of the Pantinian and Pontian dialects. The collected dialect material of this region shows that Smilgiai and the surrounding area of Klovainiai are now owned by the Pantini. In addition, according to the different pronunciation of the lk strong-vowel diphthongs am, an (in one place they are translated as om, on: pakrofmtė (sidewalk), komips (corner), elsewhere —um, un: ruiik(a) (hand), kumips (corner), and the pantininky adverb itself has been newly divided into two dialects. In the Pantininkai advice about Surviliškis, Truskava, Ramygala, Ėriškės it is also stated that unpronounced strong beginners am, an diphthongs remain intact: brangdmas, pūsamžis, and strong-ends — turn into wm, un: unksipoas (early), akkutt$s (atkampis, uzkampis) and so on. During the expedition, a lot of new material was collected about the detachment of the accent, the shortening of the extremities, various vocalism fluctuations of the investigated dialects, etc., more than 600 place names were collected, a considerable number of words for the dictionary; folklore. During the expedition, a lot of valuable, important for mapping and new dialect material was collected in the descriptions of native dialects outside the study area. For example, in the description of the Kalnalis dialect (Salantų region, researched by professor P. Kniūkšta) not only the characteristic features of the language of that region are raised, but also the limits of the spread of some characteristic features of this dialect are tried to be determined, more than place names are collected, it is newly raised that in the unpronounced ending of the present tense of the active kind of participants the vowel is echoed by the dialectic e.g.: rūšos 197 300 lk ą 0, (writing), hay (knowing), o in the — pronounced diphthong ou, e.g.: kertdus (keeping), bdgdus (running); in the syntax section an interesting unusual ir phenomenon is raised — the use of prepositions on, from, to, without, from, to, after, for, because next to the noun in the noun vowel, e.g.: kilošė su ba (without pulp), eš trilobed (from the ir house) etc. The same phenomenon was observed in the Žemaičių ir Donininkai area between Grobštų, Dovilų ir Calotes. A lot of new valuable ir dialect material has been collected by the higher ir schools of the republic. The dialectologists of the Vilnius State University named after V. Kapsuko studied the official dialects of the Western ir Middle Ages (Ariogala, Kėdainiai, Šeduva districts). The student leader 18 participated ir in the expedition (exp. J. Kardelytė). A study of 8 residential dialects. The material of the examined points clarifies the boundary of the Highland Western Middle ir Eastern dialects, isogloss of consonant / hardening, highlights cases of abbreviation of unpronounced long vowels, elongation of ir pronounced short ones, diphthongs 7e, wo pronunciation variations, vowels 7, «, e expansion due to position in jų the word; attempts to determine the laws of endings abbreviation, provides a lot of material on the declination, clarifies the child of the first conjugation singular noun endings w: (for children), mouthpiece (horse) spread isoglossy pan. ir ; The dialectologists of the Vilnius State Pedagogical Institute in 1959 investigated Kelme district dialects. The expedition was attended iš by a total of student 27 leaders ir du (lecturers J. Aleksandravičius and V. Grinaveckis). The dialect of 11 residential points was investigated. The collected material is rich in valuable linguistic facts important for the Lithuanian language atlas ir Adomaičių (investigated B. Rokairė and A. Ikasalaitė ir A. Stunžėnaitė), Kubilių (investigated R. Baltrušaitytė ir Z. Dzemionaite), Kražių (investigated G. Narauskaitė, D. Jonikaitėand G. Čičelytė), Kušleikių (investigated Ž. Urbonavilitité, E. Tamošaitytė ir J. Keliotyté), Tytuvėnėlių (researched A. by Žigytė, S. Kurmanskis, G. Sielenytė) ir Salopelkių (investigated H. Blažytė ir Z. Kantminaitė) points give a lot of new material about the withdrawal of the strike in all cases of short limbs iš į ną (long ir short) before the next syllable. This linguistic phenomenon, showing that in Lithuanian dialects be of universal (when the consonant of iš the end of a ar short word with a fixed ending is retracted to the initial syllables in all cases) and the conditional consonant (when the consonant of the short ending is retracted only to the long preceding syllable) there is also a third consonant į retraction, which was already observed in previous studies?, but there were no more precise boundaries of its prevalence. The present dialectal material of Kušleikiai, Tytuvėnėliai and Kubiliai points extends a -kam. the limits of the use of the -ai ending of the present tense verbs in the 3rd person (jis einai, gdunai, nėšai ~ he goes, gets, nėša, etc.), as well as the range of the use of the -iums ending of feminine nouns and pronouns in the plural: lIūpiums (lapéms), vargšiums (vargšėmis), kačiumis (katėmis). Furthermore, this expedition for the first time found that the singular final vowel of single-syllable words has a ga-? Pig, V. Grinaveckis, Shortening of the extremities in Lithuanian dialects. See. VVPI Mokslo darbai, Lietuvių kalba ir literatūra, 8, 103 —104, Vilniaus Valstybinis pedagoginis institutas, Vilnius, 1959, in the lūne instead of the lk vowel ą here is pronounced a bivowel au (its first syllable has a non-vowel tone) e.g.: kau 198 mų o (ka), tau (that), already (it) ir d. kt In 1959, the Šiauliai Pedagogical Institute studied the dialect of 21 settlements. The work was conducted by Mr. 100 mg/ day M. Kuosienė. The material of the examined points are exclusively descriptions of native dialects. This particularly increases the value of the collected material, because the native su dialect, with which Man grew up from an early age, can be described most accurately. As a positive side of the work, it should be ir mentioned that a large part of these descriptions are iš of Žemaičių ir iš to Lietuvos the area of the TSR which belongs to the global diversion zone. The system of these dialects is difficult and complicated, ir so the writers encountered considerable su difficulties, especially in marking the accents. ir For example, Gedkančių (Kelmės raj., puree N. Ribinskytė) ir Švėkšnos (Šilutės raj., tyrė A. Raukrytė) dialect descriptions give a considerable amount ir of specific reliable material about the strike retraction iš of the short į ending of each preceding syllable, Pryšmančių o (investigated J. Lukauskas), Užvenčio (investigated M. Sabutytė), Šaukoto (investigated I. Pranevičiūtė), Gimbogalos (researched M. by Švėgždaitė), Gilvyčių (researched D. by Šidlauskaitė), Gruzdžių (investigated Z. Ruškytėir R. The descriptions of the dialects (Andrejaitytė) illuminate the fluctuations ir of universal accent detachment in these dialects. In many of the examined points, be proper representation of dialect system, new dialect material was ir raised, which allows to increase the area of spread of individual dialectal features, the intensity of spread of features, tų etc. ir For example, the description of the dialect of Švėkšnos is confirmed by numerous examples already in earlier — linguistic literature'? observed ir described interesting phonetic phenomen- — on of dialectal vowel e (Ik atliepia ei) e ir translation į a, if it goes before a hard consonant: matd (years), pamaliiti (lied), round (net), sdns (old), svakata (healthy), shimar (this year), rak (required). Aukštašlynio (investigated S. Dobilaityrė), Laužų (investigated I. Paulauskaitė, both points Raseinių raj.) Dialectal material shows that in these areas feminine nouns pronouns in the plural of the local verb have masculine endings, e.g.: ir dilgėliuosė (nettles), akiuosė (eyes), gėlduose (hearts), širdžiuosė (hearts), marčiuosė (wives). Many valuable dialectal characteristics have also been highlighted in other descriptions of dialects. Currently, the studied area of Southern Lithuanian dialects is being mapped, individual dialectal features are being recorded on the map, their distribution area and boundaries are being indicated. On separate maps will be visible intersection nodes of dialectal characteristics, diversity, centers of origin, etc. The dialectal characteristics shown on the maps will give a clear picture of the formation and development of Lithuanian Ik, shed light on the relationship between Lithuanian Ik ir and dialects in the course of jų history, shed jų considerable light on the ir interpretation of Lithuanian’s relations with related languages, etc. Texts About the church He redeemed the son of a momma in the church. Go to the church, go to the church, go to the church. Nezij baznyčon, ale mļnyčon, tį pavaikščoj, pazdaire mļnyčon kep dzirbasi and atdj home. Momma asks: son, what did you do in the church? 10 See, vi. Grinaveckis, Phonetic characteristics of the North-West mud dialects and their development, the author's dissertation of the degree of candidate of philology, 8, Vilnius, 1956. 199