Vienaskaitos vardininko kilmės prieveiksmiai

LITHUANIAN LANGUAGES GRAMMATICS INVESTIGATIONS LITHUANIA TSR SCIENCE ACADEMY ONE-TIME PAYMENTS GARDININKO ORIGIN The group of adverbs derived from the singular noun of nouns in Lithuanian language is comparatively small. The noun verb with its very clear nominative meaning is not at all inclined to the notation of qualitative and circumstantial participles. In modern language, the singular noun-origin adverbs are mainly used not in the circumstances of the sentence, but in the nominal parts of the impersonal adverb. They are therefore classified as a group of so-called predicative adverbs. The following adverbs are commonly used: gaila, gana, garbė, šlovė, gėda, laikas, mėtas, sarmata, valia, žinia. The words mentioned here have been affected in varying degrees by the process of overcoming. Shape blade (negaila), gana (negana) are absolutely subjunctive. There are no other ra dialects in the area. Be of the forms ir itself is tų completely faded in the speaker's consciousness. The adverb sorry, which in colloquial language is known only as a strong adverb in the su root, even ne su with complete certainty can be derived from the noun noun verb, iš although we have nouns atgaila ir DZ, sorry, -os, sorry ",the rising, the pity" MI. If this adverb does not change the accent position compared to the su noun, it could be derived from the singular noun-final of the adjective's genitive. The adverb is quite likely something else than an old abstract noun noun, whose root echo shows the ancient Slavic iš gonėti. ne Although this word does not have any other variants in the present Lithuanian language, we have a lot of jo related words from — the same root, e.g. gandtė! ‘gana (adressing ne į one person)", gandtet „enough is enough“, uzganatinti "satisfied", graze, -eja (enough), - went “to be enough, sufficient, sufficient”, sufficient, “sufficient; -a good", fairly "sufficient", fairness,,sufficiency®: grazing ‘,n.e.c.’, for grazing „patenkinti“, užganėdinti n.e.c., grazing ,,satisfaction”, ganying, “sufficient”, -a ganyingly ‘sufficiently’, pigeons ‘n.e.c.’, beans „t.p.“, ganūmas „pasting“, užganuoti „satisfied“, gdnt (Gunfire) "enough", gossiping, gossip, - went to „1. have enough, iStekti; 2. refl. to want; 3. to succeed, to win", to frighten "A little bit bored, annoying", afraid "musibosti, annoying", gossip, Examples * taken iš ,,Lietuviy Language Dictionary“, III, Vilnius, 1956. -tiojasi, -avosi "to have enough", greedy (sighs) "prefer, rather, better, rather", cf. fairly "fast, soon", gangreit ,,mazne, kone, beskoro“. Here we could also mention such values of ecclesiastical writings as ir gandaryti, -o, “pay, release”, gan(a)darymas “pay, retribution”, ganapadarymas, which are probably derived from Polish. -ė ‘t.p.’ (plg. left. zadosščučenič, zadoščučenienie). Thus, the root of the word gana appears to be very established in Lithuanian, only this word itself as a noun appeared insensitive and passed into the adverb, leaving no other syllable in the present language. In contrast, the adverb gana (as well as jaila) has the highest degree of adverbiality compared to the other above-mentioned adverbs of the noun origin. su But those other ir adverbs of the noun origin are not exactly the same again according to the degree of adverbiality. The adverbs valid (not willing), žinia (unknown) are to be regarded as more distant from the corresponding nouns. In those cases when they go as servants of the impersonal sentence, there can be no notes to them. Others—honour (dishonour- ), glory (disglory), shame (not shame), time (not time), mint (not métas), sarmata (not sarmata)—- may have some of these marks as impersonal sentence adverbs, cf. : ir It is a small honour to speak in tongues, but it is a great shame not to know one's own language. Such a disgrace now for them! ; It's time to get out now, before we get into the skin Slnt; Now is the right time to harvest the rye Vb; It's not that Sarmata here, that we are somewhat behind them. Of course, when used with marks, such nouns cannot be considered adverbs. In this way, we see that the words spoken here can be divided into three groups. To the first belong the undeniable adjectives quite (negative), negative (unable). which no longer have a connection to nouns. The second group consists of valid (invalid), žinia (unknown). The corresponding nouns are still used next to them, but as servants of the impersonal sentence they cannot have any signs. And to the third group belong the hybrids (nouns-adverbs) garbė (negarbė), šlovė (nešlovė), gėda (ne gėda), laikas (ne laikas), mėtas (ne mėtas), sarmata (ne sarmata), which, even as impersonal sentence serviles, may have adjectives that can only conditionally be called adverbs. The adverbs of all the groups discussed here are characterized by the fact that they have been associated, and most of them are still associated, with nouns of abstract meaning. This abstractness of their meaning will partly have determined ir the transition to adverbs or the approach to adverbs. If we look at the analogous adverbs in other languages, we will also notice the same phenomenon: the predicative noun adverbs there are also substantives of mainly abstract meaning, e.g. Russian analogous type adverbs: 8pens, 2pex, docye, Kedocye, Aenob, oxoma, nopa, cpam and some others in such sentences as fa c4acmoe epex ponmamo, JKyscymrka oyeuaem?. Although the adverbs examined here in Lithuanian language are of unequal degree of adverbiality and, no doubt, of unequal age, although the semantic relationships with nouns are very different, nevertheless, the special predicative meaning clearly distinguishes them from nouns. — be jų su — iš V. V. Vinogradov analogous adverbs in Russian spoken- * I'pammaTuka pycckoro s3bika, I, Eokeruka H mopibosiorasi, Mocksa, 1952, p. 634. je assigns to a certain category of state*, the separation of which a separate part of the language, į although some Slavists doubt“. As we can see, the noun of nouns in Lithuanian is completely unlikely to adverb. There are very few noun adverbs in both literary language and in spoken language in individual dialects. — Be therefore, in ir their semantics and syntactic function these adverbs are very different from all other verbal adverbs. As already mentioned, the most characteristic feature of noun adverbs is the predicative jų meaning; mostly they go in the impersonal pronoun of the sentence. For example: : bad (failed): I'm sorry. CvR VIII 19; I feel sorry for my mother, I can't be leave her a piece of bread VienP 167; Shame to collect, shame to leave JV 542: Too bad I don't have a son SimonP 13; I don't feel sorry for the redheads, redheads, only I jų feel sorry for the young days; gana (negative): Enough of work, if you're o small, still a little bit — Knv; Enough for them (kaiser, tsars) to drink the sweat, blood of working people CvR VIII 14: You've done enough shame to our family Don; But I don't know why he wasn't ir lucky, quite CvR II 222; Uncle... replied to į the question asked of iš him at the beginning quite affectionately BilR 216; Turned the Intro)] until they told him enough VienP 193; But it's not enough to be ir frightenjį ed fear torments SimonA 120; O That! not enough did not let in, also, because, tongue laid ZemR, 1 339; honor ( disgrace): Neither honor to God, nor pity to the devil LKZ III 115; Disgrace to avoid work: | glory (disgrace): Glory to the heroes who died už for the freedom of the homeland; Disgrace to ir vain lazy people; shame (shameless): It was a be total disgrace ir Gud-GuzKIT, II 12; I'm not tų ashamed of tears, they're like blood — living wounds iš SNér: time (not time): Remembered that it's time to take care of the animals CvR VIII 173: Time to pay taxes Grz; We've passed the age, we've contributed our share, time to give way to the children LKŽ VII 30; Ar don't you see that it's time to sweep su the world's ir po palace ib 30; It's high time, my girl, stroller séstie į ib 30: It's time for me to lie down, I don't da want sleep Ds; time Ne dog bark that wolf in the yard Plt; time (no metas): It's time for me to get married too LKZ; Time for you, time for you daris Zellium Sockets ib; Time jotie bernuzéliuli] young virgin in ib: Kick, guests, horses: it's time to kick home ib; It is time to reap the rye ib; It's time for breakfast, — it's time to get up ib; it's time to laugh when Ne it's time to hunt ib: time Ne (not time) Sunes (dogs) bark that wolf in the herd ib; sarmata "shame" (not wired "we are ashamed"): That the Sarmata — listened ir Slap: Is it your sarmata ne will to speak like that ?; (invalid): His falcon-risu sing will will ir restrain even the death of the north SNėrP II 208; Ar Will you do that? Rg; We conquered those forests — with the will to rule over them ir CvR VIII 126; You can't curse anyone Willow; The ray carrier can't breathe SNėrP 11 203; * See. . B. B. Bunorpanos, Pycckuii sabix, Vurtejnrus, M.-JI., p. 399—422. * Plg. O. K. Baliashvili’s candidate dissertation conclusion: “Words of the category of being have no grammatical expression; Therefore, we believe that the category of state as a part of speech does not exist in Russian, and it is hardly justified to ir believe that ar this part of speech is forming.” O. K. Bamnuamsaju, Bonpocti O KaTeTOpHH COCTOSHHA B pyccKom s35IKe, Mocksa, 1951 (Bu6ruoreka um. Jlennna, pykonunces). \ 9 žinia (nežinia): If I knew what he was like a little boy, I would not have given him the crown, I would have gone to the other side Rod; The knowledge that people to work their fields and the manor still worked out was difficult (ps.) Nm; SimonP 4; It became extremely sad and it was not known what to do CvR VIII 27; Only in the limbs stood the wind-torn, lightning- -shattered jovar, as if the elder of a dead village, and it is not known what he was thinking. ką ib 234. As can be seen from the examples, the adverb is quite distinct from all other noun adverbs in that it has not only a predicative but also a mode-quantity meaning — it can be both a predicate of an impersonal sentence and a circumstance of any sentence mode. In addition, of all the above mentioned adverbs, only gafi is quite commonly used in its crumbling form, which has usually already become a particle. In addition to the Lithuanian adverb /aikas, the Slavic loanword čėsas "time, time" is used in dialects. : Already cēsas rye to sow Slap. The fact that the forms mentioned here (in cases where they are used in the predicative and sometimes in the mode-quantity sense) are staggered or subordinated is also shown by the fact that in certain cases they can even be graded, e.g. : He left the school, now sarmačiaū (more sarmata) with him to meet (meet) Jnšk; Previously everything was will@i (more will, allowed) for them. In addition to a second noun adverb, a noun adverb is used (but, of course, with a completely different — circumstantial — meaning), e.g.: laikas || laikū, laikais "in intervals, sometimes", cf. čėsas || čėsū, čėsais. Most likely, even adjectives (čėsūs, -i „ankstus“ R) are made from the latter, from which in turn adverbs are derived, e.g. : It's better when you're dressed up Jnsk; We've just arrived. It is sometimes difficult to say whether the higher degree of these adverbs is derived from the suffix -iai of the adverb, or whether the accentuated noun complement is simply graded, cf. : Half of the second to be raised, it was already laikiaū L); In addition to the regular seasons, there is also a seasonal season, called the 2000-01 season, as well. : Laikai kel LK Ž VII 31. Some linguists classify the words rods, berods, tiesa® as adverbs of the singular noun origin. The first two are associated with the ancient Slavic rads, the third again J. Endzelynas compares with the Russian npasda, citing the following sentence from the grammar of F. Kuršaitis: aš tai tiesa Zinaii, ale nesakaii, which F. KurSaitis translates into German as „ich weiss es zwar, ich sage es aber nicht“. In this sentence, F. Kuršaitis himself has considered the word tiesa to be the noun jnagininku® and in the section on syntax, speaking about the opposite connection, he has placed it next to the words rods, bejė. According to F. Kuršaitis, zwar —aber in the German contradictory sentence corresponds to rods (or truth, bejé) —alé (or bét) in the Lithuanian contradictory sentence, cf. his illustration of this statement: aš tai rods (or truth, bejė) žinau, alé nesakaū, „ich weiss es zwar, aber ich sag es nicht“. As for the words rods, berēds, first of all, they have nothing to do with a noun. They can only be associated with the adjective rėdas, -a, which, for example, F. Kuršaitis presents in his dictionary, even though he doubts its authenticity. * A. Leskien, Litauisches Lesebuch mit Grammatik und Worterbuch, Heidelberg, 1919, p. 176; J. Endzelins, Baltu valodu skanas un formas, Riga, 1948, p. 228. ¢ Zr. F. Kurschat, Grammar of the Lithuanian Language, Halle, 1876, p. 385. * Ibid., p. 439. 8 Ibid., p. 439. 10k is mostly borrowed from Slavic languages. 1, pp. 10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z. rad, -a, rus. pad, -a are used to indicate a tarin, e.g.: balt. (x) eeabmi pad “I am very happy, I am satisfied”; Pad 681 y sama, dot epaxi He nyckawoys, “It [would be] easy to enter paradise, but sin does not allow it”; left. Rad to robię, „I do it with pleasure“; Rad gosciom “I am pleased with guests”; rus. ff mak pad, umo..., I'm so happy (I'm so satisfied) that..." ; Fall, cmapamoc! (Russian soldier's response to praise). "I'll try! (Klausu!)’; 5 04ex6 pad uepamo smy pon6,,I am very pleased to play a role“. The adjective rodos, -a is similarly used in ancient Lithuanian writings, e.g.: turim... rodi daryti pagal jo įsakymų: ji dirb rodo savo rankomis: rodi... eisim“, as well as in living folk language, folk songs, šį where it has survived both as an adjective and as an adverb and connective word. E. Frenkelis!® very convincingly explains the process of adjective rédas, -a conjugation, using examples from ancient writings and living language. The beginning of this process can already be found in Bretkūnas Postilas’ speech. Here, next to the older saying rodi nueit, the saying what these rodos did, as ana (pekla) rodos would like is already used. Thus, here there is already a coincidence of the gender (masculine — feminine) and number (singular — plural) meanings in one form, in other words, a fading of the gender and number meanings of the adjective rédas, and at the same time a process of conjugation. The song is also known as "The Song of the Girlfriend" or "The Girlfriend Song" in the United States. —Roda eitie, roda neitie, roda pauliotie Mrk. Here, as we can see, there is still a combination of adjectives with the factor gimna. But, on the other hand, probably in the virgin's saying: Rhodos adduoti rūtelių vainiką, oi tik nerodas aukselio žiedelio Rdm, as well as in the song duck's complaint: Rhodos būčia išimtie, vainiką paduotie, ale stovi sąmoningai dviem žyelčiu kelyje TZ IV 145, this combination is no longer present (the word rėdas's meaning of the genus here has faded so much that it is also used in the case of an implied feminine genus factor). In addition, in the latter example, as E. Frenkelis notes, the word appears to have acquired the meaning of a discount. It should only be added that here the réda approaches in its meaning and function the conjunction that forms a pair with ale (rodas —ale, cf. though — but). In the present colloquial language, the adjective rėdas, -a "satisfied" is used mainly in the noun part of the adverb and the predicative notation, cf. : Anas on this horse shows Ds; All were dismayed when they heard this news Trgn; Smash your hands backwards and walks around the Km. In addition, there is a particle rods < rėdas, plg. : No need for a shovel there; ax rods take —without an axe you can do nothing Sr; Last year an owl passed by here, in that hole: who knows what bird will have come here this year; Rods why do I work alone for all Vrb; Imame rods earlier this work ib; It would be rods bepigu, that a man galétumi know what will be tomorrow Grg; You're gonna live well, you've got the money Kv. In modern literary language, neither this adjective nor this particle is used. In the language of Donelaitis' writings, rods is used as a connective function, cf. his saying "Winter's worries" Rods is not nice to hear and a great shame for the band, but what will a man do, starving to die? * Examples taken from E. Fraenkel, ir Syntax der litauischen Kasus, „Tauta ir žodis“, IV, 1926, p. 145. 10 Idem. 11 From the adjective row, the -a indistinguishu able stem adjective rodus, -i, plg. : Children are very showy in kermošium Slm; Is the hay raking tired, or the house was rodu (d.) Kp. Su those two adjectives again associated with adverbs rodžiai ‘with pleasure’ MT 91 ir impersonal verb to show, cf. : So I was shown to see jį Všk; I'd like to drive home Grz. It is necessary to < distinguish réds rédas from the modal (: word rodas rodytis). Only in the meaning of a modal particle, the hybrid berėds, plg. : Apparently a good thing ir would be to catch a bunny asleep Skr. Finally, the word truth is not used in the present Lithuanian literary language as an adverb at all. iš It goes only in the insertive modal word; — we perceive the form of jo the noun, ne not the noun. The adjectives daūg (< daifigia), maž (< mūža) are to be considered as adjectives of the noun-final origin of the adjective's genitive. The first (datig) is used extremely intensively in quantitative terms, the second (maz) is a rare word that occurs more frequently in colloquial language. In the case of a pronoun, the adverb vis (< all) is derived from the pronoun infinitive of the pronoun, which is quite common in both written and spoken language. The rarity of the adverb maž (maz) can be explained by the fact that in its place it is more often used to say the full form of the infinitive noun-final form mūža or the adverb mažai. The relatively limited frequency of the adverb comes from the fact that the adverbs always, always, always, constantly, constantly, etc., which have the same or completely similar meaning, are used alongside it. Here are some examples of adverbs with daūg, maž (maz), vis: daūg: He said a lot, but he said nothing LKŽ II 210; Labai daiig žmonių buvo ib; Daiig warmer with fur ib; Many trees, few harvesters ib 209; With few people we built (there was only a small group) ib 210. maž (maž): Our family maž (maž) teįvalgo ib VII 960; Know much, speak little ib; Let's stay here. Cows only little milk gave ib; The wolf does not matter, whether much or little is aviy ib; vis: On the ice it is still slippery, and in the back it is still dark LKŽ; We drink, we drink — everything is there; We're still looking. all looking —all full ib; Different vowels, different cases ib; Maybe it's not all jin such a frowned ib; And under the window stands a tree, it is still sweet berries ib; All the winds were blowing — all they hindered me, all the rains were falling — all they flooded me ib. All adjectives or participle nouns-terminals of the infinitive genus, used in the pronoun of the impersonal sentence, undoubtedly approach the group of predicative adverbs. But these forms can perform other functions as well: as a factor, adjective, noun part of a personal sentence. For this reason, and partly because of tradition, these forms are left in the adjective category. Of all the adjectives of the untrupéjusiy infinitive genus, mža must be considered to be the most substantively-finitively subordinated. The meaning and use of this form in certain cases completely coincides with the meaning and use of the adverb mažai, cf.: mūža supranta | mažai supranta, mūža žmonių tebuvo || mažai žmonių tebuvo. The effect of the form small, like the plural, will be determined especially by the generalized quantitative significance. The complete loss of the meaning of the verb facilitated the life of forms, germinal decay. It is only necessary to say that the fragmentation of these forms is not u Zr. LTSR MA Lithuanian Language and Literature Institute, Lithuanian Grammar I, Vilnius, 1965, p. 528. 12 equal. In the present day, the word is rarely used (see: Who speaks much, knows little, LKŽ II 213). It is more common in old writings. Mūža is used more frequently than the decayed form maz (little). Some of the adverbs used here, especially maž (less), vis, have in some cases passed into particles, cf. : i What a ta journey it was, it's hard to tell: almost at dawn parsikrapštė LK Ž VII 960; They'll always be better than the kids. Thus, it is possible to talk about adverbs maž (maz), even about particles of the same form (and sometimes even modal words, cf. : He got at least five wagons of hay from the bow LKŽ VII 960). It is interesting that in the Kaniava dialect the preposition per forms prepositional con- " structures with the nouns of nouns denoting day, day, week and seasons, e.g.: per povakaris "in the evening", per rytas "in the morning- ", per popietis "in the afternoon", per ménasis "in a month", in a few days "over the top" ir etc. Plg. : Butter I beat, I beat through the wind I didn't beat; ir You didn't tu give me sleep in the night; In the afternoon I mowed the whole meadow (sighs) In the afternoon cows when the bačkas eat. It is not possible to ignore a certain rigidity of these constructions, and at the same time an approach to adverbs. It is also necessary to highlight one other phraseological compound or sample, which includes nouns (sometimes decreased), e.g.: laikas metas: It's time, my daughter, to get in the į wheelchair (d.) Prn; will not want,,will not want, will not want“: Will not want had to swallow, even tears bobs jumped over the 1242; earth, Will not — want will need į another foot to put ib 111; shame on shame (solecism?) „biggest shame“: Shame on shame not knowing your parents’ language Sim; all good “best”: Piglet all good to keep: peng better takes, as pig VkS; place ši ‘teli’ : Where aš te I'll go. — ši place Trgn; as a time "truly": As a time this and kus Tvr: As a time was passed by Ad; as a set ‘as if intentionally’: As soon as we brought the hay, it suddenly ir started to rain Nmk; every time: the sun, rising every time upwards, broke through the fog and every time hotter heated the Earth. The following are compounds with the words daiig, maza, maž in their composition: daiig, maza, maž (a little), vis. Here are jų some examples: so much „at least, something else“: That the roads were already known, that’s so much (it wouldn’t be difficult to go), now you’ll be delayed o anyway daūg,,still, ir no LK Ž 11 210; matter“: You’ll wear a lot of clothes anyway, but you’ll not be naked ib; daiig mūža „about, approximately, a little bit“: Much little my card I know ib; ‘a fair amount’; Had to pay a lot of little, but did not have ib; daūg daiig,.daugiy daugiausia“: Daiig a lot of Easter hay if it is enough ib; Daiig daūs if you get three tens (of pairs) ib; min „vos vos“: That the great master, having returned to Parusnis, rested, the Lithuanians min nejgavo pile ib; ‘the smallest of the least’; I have planted ten pounds of oats, and I will gather about five pounds of oats ib; The trip will cost Antuk about five six rubles ib; And of every living thing thou shalt take about a pair into the ark, a male and a female. mūža ką „a little, a little bit, barely“: Pigs little bit bigger than hedgehogs ib; maza kiek „at least a little bit, barely“: This is not a child to me, that a little bit of mistake, it cries ib; all equal to “still” LKŽ; again and again “always” ib; still “always” ib; vis equals “still” ib; even ir though a lot of 13 "still" ib; still equal ‘only’ ib; vis tasia „Vis tik““: Vesk —vis tasia tau ib: still „it doesn’t matter“: Anyway, whether small or old ib; vis tieka,,vis vien“ ib; vis tiejai „vis vien“: Maybe not all the time? ib; vis tiekam „vis vien“: We are still together! ib; even so „alone“:- It doesn’t matter to me whether you come yourself or take it ib; vis toja, ‘still so’ ib; all in all "especially, most of all" ib; vis vien „anyway- “: I will go to her anyway ib; Anyway "Anyway- ": I still have to do it ib; In the past she was a tired girl, but now she's a bačka; all uniform “all alone”: all Jo alone is not ib; One says: I prefer the day, another says: I prefer the night, and the third says: I still like it ib. the whole unitary,,always“ ib; See also junction and particle anyway. Sometimes the noun of a noun takes the position of a phraseological compound, e.g.: trečia | jednu „but as, carelessly, superficially- “: ir Third one į nuaké (okay, okay) it's gonna grow te jo if RS; Work, son, you do everything not third to one, aja (ale) as for yourself, then others and you will be well Lkm; „Jabai seniai“: Trečia pernai netepti batai ZemR, 1 403. From such compounds come compound adverbs, e.g.: kaskarts Val, Stn (< every time); cassiterite Time of (< year): Come on, you tu stupid, every year you're complaining about édesiy. Don: every month (< every month): Every month receives a salary Š (Dglš); kasryt (< kas rytas): Every morning he eats potatoes with milk Ob; every week (< kas nedėlia): Bread should be baked every week ib2. It is understood that the noun-finalist of adjectives of the iš lę ir adjectives: maždaūg mūža daiigia), (< daugmaž daūgia maža), plg.: maždaiig (< "approximately, almost, about" : Suarém about the whole piidymq; About half the work left LKZ VII 967; MaZdaiig three times as much still need to spend ib; I have learned somewhat, but still need to repeat; Tu daugmaž: about the height of a brother LKZ 11 219; Must read every more or less educated person ib; It will be about half a kilometer from the manor house. In some places the adverb maZdaiig has a meaning „a little bit, a little bit, at least a little bit“, plg: Asked by about guests LK Ž VII 960; The other brothers approximately relieved ib: ** In some cases, the main focus of these adverbs may be the ending of the nutrupéjes ir singular: kasryt < kas rytą, kas nedėl < kas nedėlą. 14 If you promise to give me some money, then for my part let Stasiukas still study ib'3. | There are also completely individual forms, e.g.: kadkūdė (< kada kūdė) "already sometime, long ago, long ago": Jau kadkūdė kumeliukas weaned Grž. Thus, we see that cases of singular nominative adverbation in Lithuanian are relatively few. This verb, due to its distinct nominative, nominative meaning, is almost not inclined to indicate circumstantial relationships. The ordinary (unconstructed) noun adjectives of singular noun origin gaila (negaila), gana (negana), garbė (negarbė), šlovė (nešlovė), gėda (ne gėda), laikas (ne laikas), mėtas (ne métas), sarmata (ne sarmata), valia (nevalia), žinia (nežinia)... are used mainly predicatively, and only the adjective adjectives daūg, maž (mdz), mūza and the noun vis, as well as relatively few conjugated idiomatic or otherwise phraseological compounds also have the meaning of circumstances. HAPEYHS, BO3HMKINHE H3 HMEHHTEJIbHOTO ITAJIEXKA EJIMHCTBEHHOTO YHUCJIA K. YJIBbBUIOAC Peatome B crarbe ucenepyercst Bonpoc 06 OTHONIEHHH HMEHHTEJIbHOTO IIajležka eJIMHCTBeHHOTO UuHCJIa K HapeuHHSM, paccMaTpHBAIOTCH CJIyUaHh aliBepOnajiH3aluLiHH HMEHHTeJIbHOTO Najiexa HK onpejiensieTcsl 3HaueHHe, OGpa3oBaHHe H ynotpedJsieHue HapeuHH, BO3HHKINHX H3 HMeHHTeJIbHOTO Najera eĮĮMHCTBEHHOTO UKCJIA. Anamnuns (akTHUECKOTO MaTrepHajia TNMOKasbiBaeT, UTO STOT MajeX BBHAY CBOero SIDKO BbIpayKeHHOTO HOMHHATHBHOTO 3HAUEHHS! MAJIO NpHTOJIEH JŲJISI BbIDa>KEHHA KauUECTBEHHbIX H 00CTOSATEIbCTBEHHBIX OTHONIEeHHHA., HMeHKHHTeEJIbHbIKH najiex eJiMHCTBeHHOTrO UKCJIA AliBepOHaJIH3YeTCSH B HCKJIOUHTEJIbHO DejįKHX CJIVYUAaX, H, CJIeJIOBaTe/IbHO, pa3psilį Hapeuyuid, BO3HHKINHX H3 3TOH (DOpMbi, HEMHOTOUHMCJIEHEH, Hanp. : sorry ">xanb", sorry "He »anb", quite,,JOCTaTOUHO®, sorry "HejiocTaTouHOo", honor "cnaBa", disgrace, cteiiHoTM, glory ",cnaBa", disgrace "nosop", shame »CTBIIHO®, no shame "mecrbium", time "BpemMs", no time "He BpeMa", mint Inopa, not mint He nopa, sarmata cpaM, not sarmata He cpam, volia basi, nevalia Henbaa, Zinia naBecrHo, neZinia Hen3BecTHO. DTH Hapeuus, Kak BH]- HO U3 NPHMEepOB, BO3HHKJIH U3 HMEHHTeJIbHOTO Najieska elMHCTEBHHOTO UKHCJIA HMeH CVINECTBHTEJIbHbIX C aGcTpaKTHbIM 3HaueHHeM. AHaJIOTHUHOE siBJIeHHe HAaOJIPAaeTcs H B Jip YTHX HHA0EBPONEHCKHX A3bIKaX, OCOOEHHO B CJIABSIHCKHX, CP. PYCCK. spems, epex, Gocye, Hedocye, AeHb, oxoma, nopa, cpam. Kak B Apyrux S3bIKAX, TaK H B JIHTOBCKOM si3bIKE Hapeuusi 3TOro Tina oObluHO VIIOTDeOJISIOTCS mpejnKaTtuBHO. TOJILKO B OYeHb PEJKHX C/yYasiXx HEKOTOpble H3 3/ĮECb HCCJeLyeMbIX 18 The adverb mazdaiig of this meaning is written in the 1 maž slot after the rhombus of the 7th volume of the Lithuanian language dictionary as follows: maž daug, ie, as a certain compound. Since the two points here are distorted, it would be more accurate to write them together. The word used here in meaning should be considered as a compound adverb. Thus, maždaiįę is an adverb, used in two meanings, which can be described briefly as follows: slightly’. ,,1. 2. =