K. Būgos laiškai J. Endzelynui

K. BŪGA’S LETTER TO J. ENDZELYNAS Prepared by J. Karaciejus and A. Sabaliauskas Among K. BŪGA’s epistolary material, his letters to the Latvian linguist Janis Endzelyns (1873—1961) occupy a particularly important place. The correspondence between these two most prominent scholars of the Baltic languages began in 1909 and lasted until the death of K. Buga. The correspondence is most valuable because it almost entirely deals with the problems of Baltic linguistics. Of course, there are also interesting remarks that help to better clarify various biographical facts of both scientists. Most of K. Būga’s correspondence with J. Endzelyn is in the manuscript of the Lithuanian Language and Literature Institute. 11 of the letters stored here were published in “Literatūra ir kalba” (V., 1956, vol. 1, pp. 364—386; prepared by E. Grinaveckienė and J. Kruopas). In K. Bugas’s “Collected Writings” compiled by Z. Zinkevičius (V., 1961, vol. 3, pp. 817—879) are published 44 letters (36 from the manuscript of the Lithuanian Language and Literature Institute, repeating 10 published in “Literature and Language”, and 8 from the manuscript of the National Library). Z. Zinkevičius also provides the contents of his known letters that were not published anywhere (vol. 3, pp. 994—996). Speaking about K. Būga’s letters to J. Endzelyn, Z. Zinkevičius states that,,there are some of them with the addressee” (t. 3, p. 817), but no characteristics of these letters are given. In February 1979 M. Saule-Sleine, a Latvian linguist and J. Endzelynas’s life-long friend, sent the author of these lines 11 letters by K. Buga, written in 1911—1921, together with a corresponding letter (I.31). One of these letters (1921.X.9) was published in K. Buga’s “Collected Writings” (vol. 3, pp. 872—873) according to a surviving draft. The draft and the original texts differ in one other linguistic and stylistic correction (e.g., instead of the draft convention, the original uses meeting, instead of promise to give a short criticism, the original uses promise to write a short criticism, etc.). Along with the above-mentioned letters, M. Saulė-Sleinė sent copies of K. Būga’s letters to the German linguist M. Fasmer (Vasmer, 1886—1962) and the Finnish archaeologist A. M. Talgren (Tallgren, 1885—1945), who worked at the University of Tartu in 1920—1923. The letter to M. Fasmeris (12.IV.1921) according to the draft of the letter kept in the Vilnius University library manuscript is published in K. Bugas,,Rinktiniuose raštuose“ (vol. 3, pp. 872—873). However, there are also differences between these texts. Among the material sent is one large letter (15 pages) without date and signature. In this paper, K. Būga seems to answer certain questions. Answers are numbered (26). K. Būga’s epistolary material sent by M. Saulė-Sleinė has been transferred to the manuscript of the Lithuanian Language and Literature Institute. A. Sabaliauskas 54 [1] Beenenckas 10, kB. 76. St. 1911 m. Petersburg, January 5 d. Dear friend! Happy New Year! Iš KZ. I got the print. Thank you! I didn't write right away, because I really didn't know where You'll be at the holidays. A few remarks to That's the article. ,,O cynpbe HOCOBBIX 3BYyKOB"...: I) em. sundau 3 = I'm suggesting Kvėdarna, 2) Jr. stamančioti 7 comparable is su stamantrūs "ynpyrut' Šiauliai (= Iam, plg. Copper. 227 = stamantus be r? ), roubti 3) may be of 8 Lithuanian origin ir from-rudpti, raupyti : Yush. word. I 622, 4) latv. corner 9 : how to understand la. Hemp? 5) la. It can 15 rain. ir spy, scream "good, loud voice šaukti' Dusetos, 6) jėkti 21 iš apj-ėkti (including a po j) ~ api+akti: a shows the Kupiškis apjo“ko” (67 iš a, plg. mo®to® = mato), T) vagiioti 22 unknown, there is only vagdti (Kvėdarna, Kretinga, Šiauliai, Dusetos, Linkmenes, Seinai), ghiosnis 8) known is 23 : ghiosis ir (be n!) Justin. Prie KZ. : 9) la. bold 57 = let. treak ‘riebus’ Yush. ž. I 314 : Streaky “fertile, rich? = bujny’ I. c. 4, 10) bujiej ‘owady’ 64= buxus "'insecticide", sg. Beech, beech Butrimonys (plur.), Trakai apg., Vilnius gm., arūpalas 11) "Canis"' 65 iš afi[t]palas = ūs-palas “,t. p.’ The ~ dusetos : pilli from these words must be separated by la. pal'i “muddy lake shore' Biel. LSpr. I 54 ~ palsy, pus "large pools spread = out raised (Two sets) =kidros (Vilniaus Kaltanėnai)' Pilviškiai, Suv. g. ~ lot. palūs, 12) saūbti, sautėti, apsaiisti 66 są. acquaintaniš ces of such schnektų where § turned to į s, me tepažįstami horror (zem.), horror (Aug. ir Jam. ), 13) cockroach roar 69 : call ‘Bepcra’ Kvėdarna (Many Post. ). The Daukšės language is a very precious source of Lithuanian language: it is full of stuff for all purposes! Many of the surprises are quite peculiar. Instead of fire, root, death etc. In the speech of the Ducks there was a blast, a shout, death! ! There is nothing strange about that! We find this same supposed “inappropriateness” of ir contingency in today’s dialects. Ūgnis f., graztis etc. f. find Dusetos, Salos, Kamajai, Prienai. Ka let me know the saying iš men, men! — ka ta Kvėdarna "What men are, they are men (Dusetos)! = monoaust!” cf. what is ta bitter You're right. ž. I 421 b ‘uro 3a Grab!‘ To-i-touch people DP. 3645, „pri-liestie-ji“ : liečiū, lidsti ,,npurecHaTb“ ~ ‘spaudzia’ DP. 1364, liecze 13684, liecze 363, ~ pa-lytéti : 3 praes. pd-lithium DP. 25413. + dust bubbles ‘nputecusnn BOB = pressed widows "DP. 24, : touch "TporaTb, ruszač" Dusetos ~ can't jo aZ-liét like waspsvy feathers! Ds. ‘notpoHYTbCA JĮO Hero...' Jurkšaičio jus is a real sex known elsewhere ir (In Jablonski's speech: Naūmiestis = BraguesiaBos, Cys. r.). Compare. Jablonski (pseud. P. Grammar of the Lithuanian language. In Pg. 1901, 23 : theirs. Then there could be a ir loc. s.g. "Greta su Thunberg". then ir fluff) would rather indicate that there is dat. s.g. ; cf. to give as a gift ‘don give’ (adiect. *dévan is not known). 55 Brugmann'o acc. pl. vilkuns is taken from A. Leskien's Declination 104, where we read: msc. a —st. Lit. vilkūs = vilkuns, from *vilka-ns, -ans nor Prussian. *We do not find Vilkuns neither in ancient writings nor in modern language. Such sex and in theory is not possible. -un-ius acc. pl., -unse loc. pl. in dialect, the upper classes have not heard them. Isn't there only a new nasalization here, similar to the earth? mąstis = aug. mostis < r. MacTb "Ma3b', mgs „,Mbi“ (Minnūjai near Rasčiniai) = aug. més (Dusetos, Naūmiestis), glūnsnis (in L. Iwinskio calendars) = glūsnis Kvėd. ~ glousnis Rietdvas = up. Willow? The young man’s grammar has already been finished and will be sold only when the Russian translation, which I have been commissioned to make, is out. I promised myself to write a textbook of orthography. I hope to finish this work in the summer. Jablonski has already begun to print the syntax monthly. in the newspaper,,Vadovas* (Seinuose eina), from where it will be printed into separate books. The etymology is written by Jurgis Šlapelis (a student of Jablonski), and will probably be pressed by autumn. Juškevičius' dictionary from the letter m is led by Šlapelis; so far only pressed three bows. Letters k—/Jušk. Ulyanov's dictionary. Ulyanov has not done anything so far, and it is hard to expect him to do anything. That for a Lithuanian who knows his language well, it is difficult to Jušk. dictionary to edit, so what to say about Ulyanov, who has long forgotten. The Juškevičius dictionary is ready, we will be ready soon! That would be a shame. Language science could gain a lot from Juškevičius! Tamsta's request to review literature on dat. pl., loc. sg. in the meantime I can't fulfill. I'm really running out of time! I could at the end of January. When you are in Vilnius, you should first get to know Dr. Jonas Basanavičius, the chairman of the Scientific Society (you could use the library and archives if you had time) and editor of the newspaper,,Viltis- ** Antanas Smetona (he speaks the language quite well). “Address of Hope: KoxeBennas 5, kB. 25. More about what it is worth to associate with Tamsta you can learn from Basanavičius or Smetona. It is worth to get acquainted with the character of Father Tumu, who until now was the leader of “Viltis”, but thanks to the Polish endeks became eaten by the clergy government. Maybe Tom will be in Vilnius until college. Is that man now pressing his researches about Estonian and Slavic kinship or something else? The question of kinship is also very important to me. Little by little, the whole science of Passionate Studies is collapsing! Now I have clearly seen that Tamsta’s science about Latvian intonations and the rise of ė(iė) from ei is measured. I now, having in mind the genders of Lithuanian language, see that ie at the beginning, middle and end of the word comes from aist. they under the accent. Liepa, siena, siela, meža: Seiva, šeima, neiva ~ diena novadaras iš diėną... Šiaul-ičtis, from where novadaras vėk-ietis visi, kiti iš visie < aist. *visef, from where the remake is shameful. apié, prié with ie from apie-[linké], prie-[taras]: nei ~ néi, bei, vei ‘see!’, la. Tei, Sei from the Proxy. La. tris ‘three’, nė, ne ka = ground. ne-ko, tei Sei has a brick (npepbIBUCTYIO) prefix from the older krifitancios (Hucxoasueit) *tris etc. It seems to me that the Latvians, when they spoke the next time, had a law in force, according to which the fallen premonition was driven to 56 the stake. How do you see Tamstai? Pralatv. *tris mūsas (*tris proklitikon) paifto in three mdss, as in the past. *galva (= the head of the local people of Telšiai) —in the head. I'm going to finish university this spring. I wish Tamsta good luck in his work! Tamstos Kaz. Booga. NB. I send a separate article about dat. s.g. ~ pl., from where you can use Tamsta. I'll ask you to give it back to me later. KB. [2] Petersburg, March (III) 10 (23), 1911. It would be a very good thing if Garbūs Draugė! Tamsta took and wrote an article about the ancient “Curzons” and pressed it in the organ of the Lithuanian Scientific Society, “Lithuanian People” (JluroBsckoe Hayunoe O6mecrBo. Busibuo, Jinujiekuū nepeyjiox, a. Ne 7. Tlpejicenateab Mean IOpbeBnuu BacanoBuu). In order for a larger number of researchers to benefit, it should be written in German. From volume II onwards, articles written in German will also be added to “Lietuvų Tauton”. The first German article will be Adalberto Srbo (moravas Srba), „Monographie iiber die verba momentiva als Beitrag zur litauischen Syntax“. In writing about the Curonians, we used Tamsta nomina propria and this and that from the Curonian dialectology. Rucava (BW. 3840, 1; Bielenst. Grenzen 231), as; experienced these days from Palanga [according to Palanga] zemaites, called žem. not *Rūkiava, but Rūkiava (u short). BW. 12461, 3 var. Rūcava, apparently, has a new length; plg. Bezzenberger, Ueber die Spr. d. preuss. In Latvian: dsdarit ~ asgalda 117, sūwe sūwele 118, us-~ usgaldu 120. That Ruk-iava = Rucava has an etymological short wu, can be shown by the following nomina propria: Rukai —village in Mésédzio par. Telšių apg., Ruk-š-iai — k. Pašilės p. Raséiniy apg., Ruk-é-l-iai — k. Rokiskio p. Ežerėnai ap., Ruk-ūiža — name from Liaude (that name is given to the district after the Liaude river in Panevėžys ap.). In addition to the Wefitshorn, in Prussia there is also a known location Wentainen (Bezzenb. Ueber die spr. d. preuss-Letten 139%) = *Ventdiniai; cf. Jut-diniai, Gebdiniai, k. Ramygalos par. Panev. apskr., Ok-ainiai, k. Truskavos p. Panev., Vdnt-ainiai k. Radviliškio p. Šiaulių apskritis Course. river name Otange Bielenst. Limits 226 =? *Uot-anga; plg. Pal-anga ant RgZes (= dial. The River Bank. Now I have no doubt at all that in the dialect of the Izs, kuf an etc. remained what it was, and did not turn into uo, as in the dialect of the Latvians (= Zemgalians and Latgalians). The remains of the ancient Curonian dialect in Curonian Spit, apparently, have not survived much: the Curonians eventually acquired the “Latvian” language through the colonization of the Zemgalians and Latgalians. To the remains of the Kurian dialect we can add: 57 1) amber BW. 27421 Eduolé; 13282 Vecpili, Meženiekuos, Eduolg, Irjen, Nica, Ugale, Dundanga, Liel-Ezeré, Kandava and nearest Curonian neighbors Zemgalia ~ Pienava (13282 var.), Džūkste (13282,5) = dzinters BW. 27421 var. ; 13246,1 Cirava: ziter 13282,11 Liel-Tecava (Bauskas apg.), P. Schmidt’- as = ziter 13282,3 Erlaa (Cesu apg.). But the delko is said to be amber and Altené (Jaunjelgava district) BW. 13282,3 var.? Did you find the word from the Kurian language along with prekė (roBap)? 2) BW menaces. 30810 Nica, mencu rinda 18450 Cirava: lietuv. kodkė (sunu tiewas wede su sawem... męnkiu mesškierioti Palangos Juze 5,,) ~ slav. mons: mencis Kursiten (Ulmann) ‘a person who is not required of anything’ ~ merikas. 3) roof,,Ecke” Nordwest-Kurland Biel. LSpr. I 144, BW. 16787; 16876; 21130 Alšvanga; 21631 Kasdanga- :?gafa danga ‘Stidwestwind’ Nica (Ulmann): dandzis ‘Radfelge’ (where used?). 4) tinned ‘danken’ BW. 11575 Sarkanmuiža Ventspils ap.: ténkinuos “JIOBOJILCTBYIOCH Kv. ~ iz-tēko,,pakdko*. 5) BW front waistband. 8973; 12586, 8 Sasmaka Talsu ap.: from where is this a? 6) Sri Lanka BW. 655 Kabilė Talsu ap. : solution ‘arc’. 7) daughter Angermiinde (Ulmann): eat, eat! voc. BW. 23659 Dzėrvė, Sus€ja, Dignaja Jaunjelgavas apr. 8) blendu, blenst Nica Biel. LSpr. I 144, blinzdamies ‘raudzidams’ BW. 22249 Rava Aizputes ap. : blandaii Jusk. Zod. I 215. 9) blank-stities BW. 21205 Cirava : bldnk-steréti J. or blafik-ti nu-blaiiko ~ ‘nobaeanesn’ Marijampolė. 10) sklanda BW. 19788 Rava Aizputes ap. = pa-skldnda cf. Miez. 173 ~ paskliūnda Ds., USpdliai, Jusk. Zod. I 165 b. sub verbo atšlajė ~ pasldndis, -ies Joniškis,»pavazomis gracefully sloped, slippery piece of winter road» (= pa-siauta Tverečius): sklendZiu. 11) delu mate at-linguoja BW. 23547 Alšvanga = at-lingiioja Ds. : linked. 12) canc-ind-t “explore’ Northwest Curonian Spit Biel. LSpr. I 145 = lie. kan-k-inti ~ ken-t-éti. 13) who. lengths Ulmann's : lanictis K., Kelme. 14) denkts ,,strong’’ O. Bartau (Ulm.) : dencis ,,a small, rough Junge (where ?). 15) who.(?) Duncis = diicis P. Schmidt's "that knife." 16) gurigis ‘one Kriimmung’ Kurl. (Ulm.) : lie. go ‘ropGuna, kay6 guga, ~ g. sg. gugos ‘t p.’ : gaiig-aras. 17) vingr-ums Aizputė (Ulm.) : lie. vingris ‘,vingis’ Jonski. 18) vink-atat 'without work waking up' Eduolé (Ulm.) iš We-n-k-vi- : k-ti-waik- ~ -yti. 19) rantét , fell a tree’ Dundanga (Bezz. Dial. 174) : rdstas la. ~ ~ = Roots It's a joke. 20) flashing Bezz. About us Spr. preuss. Easy. 144, Unless otherwise processed Zodis pagal liet. Blezdinga ir la. I'm sick. 21) Dincis name. propr. Bezz. 1. c. 146 : ? Ar vanga, venga (Ulm.) are familiar I don't aš know. 58 Meiite (P. Š[midt'as]), rifida Š., P. shade Oppekaln, skraiida P. Š., cenšuos P. Š., balaiida P. Š., baiiga P. Š., trenkt acquaintances are very far from the land of Kufš, so it is difficult to read these words,,kurSizmais“. Some of these words might have n of m. Meiite doesn't agree with her accent at su all Lithuanian merfitė Kved. or blade, acc. merit Skapiškis, Seinai; cf. aly mėsti „,mentėt“ Joniškis, Vaddkliai. La. mefite (:mietur = mentur Ds.) speeds-probably borrowed from Finnish or iš Lithuanian. iš family languages: plg. fin. mchintū, ‘der Butterstossel’. —Trenk "ruarL' begū is not different from triėkt treiikti? = La. hit could rise white. iš trem-k-: song. Tremju ToHto ~ exiled "U3arHaTb, cocJiaTb' J. word. I 653 : trimu ‘drebi’ Ness. Wh. 115. Riūda is = lying. row (Daūkantas) iš I'm gonna ~ go. bovine 'constellatio' Walde 436 : la. riedu, ridu, krust ‘ordnen’ (cf. lieku, likt) srb. ~ red, red ‘Series’ = lies. *rifidas : rinda, -os, rifidq (Dusetos, Skapiškis) “wood, horn annual kaftos (rigvés), according to which the year of a tree, an animal is counted’ [stump reef ground. = kaftos = caowu] : root rei-d(h)-: rei-vlie. > rievė riėvę Aist. stud. I 87% [: Yush. ž. I 235 ~ I'm sorry, = I'm sorry. rivié < rievé] ags. raw iš roi-vmhd. : rihe ‘rinda’ iš i.-eur. *rei-ka ~ lie. index ‘eild’ "Daukša : rei-g(h) > žem". Everything's gonna be fine. ‘BCe MIET MOPSAAKOM, Kak cJIejyeT’ Kvėd. = la. pa-reizi : rei-s->mhd. travel 'Zug, Reise' iš roi-sa : rei-dhah- > d. ritan ‘drive, ride’ ir. riadaim ‘I’m driving’ ~ lie. riedū, riedéti ‘Katuthea’ Južinint- = ai rietu rietéti "t. p." Two-seat < king-t-. La. rifida only can be interpreted as a loan from Lithuanian language (or maybe, I will?). La. barga (cf. la. arch “Scher, Menge“ : lie. pra-banga ‘Uebermass’ Rupestis prabangi dpe pianos. JIxp. 61g, over the bingus rupestis 1. c. 835, ~ disease inbiūgo “choroba spotęgowata' Kvėd.) also borrowed from Lithuanian. La. skraūida, balafida also, apparently, borrowed words. Skdr-ti > sk(a)r-anda, bal-tas > bal-anda, gen. balafidos ir balandds, acc. s.g. balaiidq and bolund (both forms Duset.) [balandé, acc. balande Linkmenes] cf. slav. 1999. pp. 10. "A.S.D.A.R.A.- R.A.R.A.R.A.R- .A.R.A.R.A.R.- A.R.A.R.A.R.A- .R.A.R.A.R.A.- R.A.R.A.R.A.R- .A.R.A.R.A.R.- A.R.A.R.A.R.A- .R.A.R.". "Gal-anda" (in Polish). galuéda. Labed? from *albh-an-d-i-, la. til-andi "tiles" from the Kurian dialect, val-anda. La. balaiida, due to its intonation, could be taken from the Lithuanian oriental gender balanda [an ¢ paBHOMEpHO-BOCXOJĮSIIHM yaapenueMm]; cf. la. rifida < row, gap < gap. Sex sence, censuds with indoeurop. -how many Latvians I can't explain. This could have been the result of the passing of the water from the rivers that flowed through the area. Trikates spendz "spiėdz" would also be a Ventic word. In writing Tamsta about the Kurians, he took the opportunity to review the Latvian dialectal forms with an etc. Once again, I repeat that the article about senobés kurians is very welcome. La. piii-ka ‘xocma’: pit ‘pinti’; cincd ‘kinka’ ~ zink-slis ~ cim-slis Ulm. (if there is no error, it would show that kinka comes from *kim-ka), kankars ~ ka-kars, cinkurs Lubane ~ ciekurzis, en or ei?, dzindz-inat < ging-, (d)zint-ele, cenceres „Beine“ Kurl., blanditiés ‘nnsitbes- ’. When la. Kert is reworked from *cert by —kart, there can be no doubt. Gender *ceft, apparently, Is known to Latvians east; cf. deris „tveries!“ BW. 31393,1. 1972-73: 2nd in 2nd Division, 55 points, 67.5 yards, 5.5 touchdowns, 5.5 rushing yards. 59 [3] 17 19 11 m. Garbus Drauge! Dignaja, as shown by la. rhythm. Dybnėja (at BW. This time I could not find the place), read Digndja < pra-latv. * Dubnūja [ub > ib by dissimulation]. That in Lithuanian bn turns into gn is shown not only by dugnas = la. dubens < *dubns < *dubn(a)s < *dubna-s, but also other words; 1999: "Slave" (feat. or. That in the names of rivers, for example, such as: lie. Daūguva la. Daūigava, lie. 6th edn. ed. Sesava BW. 381, 11; 19283, 1 var. ~ la. 1979. pp. 232. "The 1932-33 season of the 1st Division, 2nd Division, 3rd Division, 4th Division, 5th Division, 6th Division, 7th Division, 8th Division, 9th Division, 10th Division, 11th Division, 12th Division, 13th Division, 14th Division, 15th Division, 16th Division, 17th Division, 18th Division, 19th Division, 20th Division, 21st Division, 22nd Division, 23rd Division, 24th Division, 25th Division, 26th Division, 27th Division, 28th Division, 29th Division, 30th Division, 31st Division". < *Pein-avi, g. sg. -avjas [cf. gr. pula ~ musia, g. sg. musios Dus.: Vilkauja, -jos Vilkauja, upė > Vilkav-iskis, miest. Suvalkų gub.] = la. Pien-ava and so on, -ava can mean “river”, I agree; but, it should be mentioned that there is a possible other interpretation. Daiig-uva = Daug-ava could be an adjective with the suffix -0-vo-, -0-vū-(cf. Brugm. Gr. II?, 1, p. 204: ai. kėga-vd-s etc.). Milk-ava could be compared to Slav. dobrova (Vondrak, cf. Gr. I 410), lie. Welcome to DPost. ed. Walter 97,5 (: welinwus 17345, wélinuwg 1734): Sun-ava Dievéniskis Ašmenos apskritis (this is not life, but Sunava), brol-ava, gen. sg. -Two Dus. (I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry.) XKujoBa: közös-ovés (gen. sg.) meadows Dus. ‘obuue Jayra = Jjyra OOlLIKHHbI“ ~ Viest-ové, upė Kulių, Plungės par. Telšių apg., Kirksnove, river in Raséiniškiai, Gin-ėvė, river in Kauniškiai. Rivers: Bartuva = la. Bartava, BlindZiuva Salantli par. Telšių ap., Gerd-auja Gargždų par. Telšių ap., Varduva Alsėdžių par. Telšių ap., Mituva Jarbarko par. Raseiniai district, Sandruva Šidlavos par. Ras. ap. (if not from San+druva), Vid-auja Etzvilko par. Ras. Šiaulių ap., Rifig-uva Kuršėnų par. Šiaulių ap., Steamboat Kurtuvény par. Šiauliai ap., MaiZuva Lifikuvos par. Panevėžys apg., Liftkuva Linkuvos par., Latava Troškūnų par. Ukmergės ap., Vaduva Skapiskio par. Ukmergės ap., Mituva Skapiškio par. La. Dignaja < Dubnqja sufix look can be compared with lie. Lukdjus, ezeras Linkmenų par. (: Luk-na, upė Kulių par. Telšių apskr.). “Ni(e)granden” in Latvian, apparently, sounds like Nigrandale, cf. Nigrandnieki BW. 12866, 3 var. < Nigr-ande: Iv-ande. Alš-vanga is now clear to me: Alšiš alš(n)-< alšna-, or from alša-= Belarusian als-ja-, i§ kur,kuiSiy“ gen. pl. alksu (rikste) BW. 9778, 1 var. (Dundangad), if not from *alks[#]juo. Course. The ring is Blintenieces Gudenieku novada BW. 15642 AlSvanga: la; Riga = lie. ring (cf. Svilpa < $wilpti, réka < scream) ~ Ringys, river Pašilės par. Raseinių apg., Ušpalių apg., Ukmergės apg. Course. We're going to hit the BW. 14510, 2 Dundanga: asparagus "zabal" Suv. Naumiestis. who. gray, center female BW. 12314 var. “dzedra” Talsu apg. of Sasmaka district :? 60 {lenkdams 12785 BW. 607 screams who. Daughter of Lenca BW. 11985 Al§vanga: visit (= la. luocit) “nHaBemars’. 1999. (in Polish) "Wilk(u) mat(e) jér(u)s lenc „Kerigūsta” BW. 23566,4 Rinde (Angermiinde) kurš. Dzelde (Embuoles par.) > Dzeld-enieki BW. 12684, 1 var. shows that lie. gélda "KOpbiTO" is a word of its own. Tu-um, plg. la. My name is BW. 19079; 18314. suni...ieraudzija... no-skrendušu kumelinu ‘nustipusj, nudvēsušu* BW. 19071 Vec-Sieksatuos Azputes ap.:? skronda. who. rindat “‘maut = murėti ~ maūsti' BW. 16518 Ventspili, Vérgalé, Rava:? 2000. pp. 10. "Strimalu kup&i BW". 20724 Cirava Azputes aps. ~ middle name (?): la. suf. (elin)-iek(a- )-s< -enka-. Tinger-nieki BW. 20949 var. Dundanga < *Ting-ure: tingéti. Dundz-inieki BW. 20949 var; 20957,3 Dundanga < *Dunga:? vibante BW 21871,6 var. The 2000 census gave a population of 21,871. planda "map"? (meaning not very clear!) BW. 23583 Alsvanga, Ventspili:? rank-ains kaklin§ BW. 25794,2 Kabilé Talsu ap.:? vok. Runzel < rn-d-, la. ruobs < ran-ba-. Ri-n-da ~ ri-k-ia “eild’ is further related to the Latin ri-t-e “*in der Reihe’ loc. sg., ri-tu-s, ahd. ri-m ‘Sequence, order, number’ Brugm. Gr. II2, 2, p. 710: all these words come from the root rei-‘to flow’ (: the sun flows, the water flows, the girl after the man flows, the path, the flow “nyxa”) ~ Slav. ré-ka, lot. ri-vus. From Rozwadowski. nésanti gender *é-dzéris (=ie-dzéris) has already entered Brugmann’s Gr. 112, 2, S.817, from where, one can guess, it will spread further through people who do not speak Latvian! Locat. s.g. vilkė could be from *vilkén: ved. Varunan-i f. 'des Varuna Gattin' from loc. ; cf. Agndy-i “des Agni Gattin’ Brugm., KGr. 384, Manav-i 'Mattin des Manu' egl. ‘die beim M.’ Brugm. KGr. 330, 384, Gr. II?, 2, p. 514 ~ ai. siiré duhita Gr. 112, 2, p. 514: Naujokie- -né ‘Naujoko pati’ < loc. * Naujokie (cf. svdi-né ‘cBosiuennna’ from loc. sg. *svoi ‘bei sich’: ahd. swei-n ‘Knecht, Sohn’, av. X¥aé-pa'- tis “selbst’): žem. "S.P.I.C.E- .L.E.S.E." Pack(s) [nom. s.g. Paknis). *Vilkén (cf. Varunan[- -i]) would be from wolke [ocHoBa = trunk] + en; cf. et al. k§dm-an ‘on the earth’ Brugm. Gr. 112, 2, p. 727? ? I'm very happy. Kaz. Būga [4] 23 St. Petersburg 195 11 m. Honorable Friend! Thank you for the new three Tamsta study arcs! I also find a lot of useful and knowledgeable in them. Tamsta’s conjecture that not every éu has become a déjà seems quite true to me. For the final resolution of the question, you should have a full list of words with jau and au. That it is true that the sexes with already somewhat less not with au. "Spider-- Man: Into the Spider-Verse (Spider-- Man: Into the Spider-Verse)" (in Japanese). torture ~ nom. s.g. kidutas Dus., Kvėd., Suv. 61 Naumiestis) galima būtų dar pridėti: pliaūtas, plur. pliaūtai Tverėčius ~ plaiitas, plaūtai Dus. ‘nomkes = hive board, door’, ground. shidu-tuvas „TKALKHH YeJHOK®, liūunas, „THOKKMĖ“, Hanp. -a Lean fingers Kvėd., Šiauliai, Joniškis = la. launs, gills, Dus. -į ckyJiki, gland, -6s gland "Bonna, big wave" Joniškis, northwest. Jam. Ziaudus ,,cypoBblii", jdura „juodžemys su moliu pilka = žemė šalta-žemis- (= )““ Dus., Tverečius, Linkmenes. Ca.-6anr. 86: 16. "Graphite". K. Jaunius explained from *de-d-vėns = skr. dadvūn see Aist. stud. I 64*. ctp. 90 Laidaras [:isz Taydaro Dauk. Bode's 1554, lizard 1. c. 22,,, cf. Yush. Zod. I 249a, Dauk. History of Lithuania I 189, II 169 : /aidaris Yush. Zod. I 310 b] is only paliudytas with circumflex: laidaras Joniškyje (Aist. stud. I 75). It is only known from the Latvian border. The intonation would suggest that Lithuanians would have borrowed the word. crp. 90. Prize. šį pelanno "ouar" I'm interpreting from prapris. 2000: "Let's Get to It" (feat. rhythm. ash. pr. Assaran iš pre-prus. I didn't do : anything. rhythm. (Blade circle) aZaras next su Zamé *žėmė' (= pr. same V. 24) pr. glosano V. 778 ‘gluodena’ we can’t fix glodan į because of a reading error s š d not very possible. Aš read glossary : iš pre-prus. glds-end; comparison. rhythm. Aug. sanas < sėnas next to dedū vedū nešū (Dusetų town, Salakas etc.): pr. assanis V. 14 = ratings. Ms. pelanno iš pelena, plg. clattoy V. 292 < mhd. clover, ladis V. 56 = lddas Dusetu miestelis < /ėdas Dusetų Pažiegė, lagno V. 125 ‘Leber’ = aist. *lekna Pedersen Kelt. Gr. I 129, 177, lattako V. 543 “1&d-zinga’ = aist. *leda-taka, melato V. 743 = meleta „žofna“ Širvydo Dictionarium 457, pelanne V. 37 = pelanai Dus. < ash > ground. 223 = žem. pélins ‘ouar’ Kvéd. pélenas, plasmeno V. 148: plasnas „Įėtena“ DievéniSkis (ASmends apskrity) < plesnas = la. plexiglas "das Fussblatt®. Pr. au-klextes V. 280 klexto 333, clenan 194 (: klé-tis), pellekis 202 ‘Giebel = acies tecti’ [: vėžys iSti€ses pelékq platikia Jūžintai: pélakas Dus. < pélekas], pele-maygis 713 (cf. pelé-kautai "mice-fighting device" Dus.), pleske 253 has e from é. Calene V. 231, kele-ranko 303, sylecke 575, scalenix 703 have e from i: kaliné, keliranka [cf. nami-sostas „ycanpOa“ Linkmenes < nama-, thigh-bone Guides < thigh-, thigh-bone Guides šaūna-, fr. Crixti Laiskas < kriksti-laiskas ~ kriksta-- ‘baptism’], sili-kė (: slav. sols-do), skal-ini-k- (a)-s. Wilenikis V. 439 is correctable to Eidenikis = eid-inika-. Iš above the narrator clearly that Elbingo's talk too /e turned /e į la (= la). In the Elbing dialect, the / before the e unexpectedly hardened, but also the r, s and z. re > re > ra We have: kraclan V. 118 = rhythm. Aug. *crackl- < es for stomach "krūtys", raples V. 520 = raplas Salakas < réplés Jūžintai, ratinsis V. 368, 540 = pra-lenk. Fetish. Drawine V. 393 ‘holzernes Bienenfass’ could also have come from pra-pris in equal terms. drev-iné [:drévé ‘nynno’ Kvėdarna, JoniSkis, Salantai] and from drav-iné: la. draves name. plur. BW. 18360, 2 var. ~ dravas kuoks 15729. 62 Kuldiga "Goldingen" still In the 16th century (see section 4.4). CnporHce c/oBapb Jp. >xkeMOHTCKON 3eM/Iu) still called Kuldinga in Lithuanian. Mocked in Lithuanian (Dus. Mosėdis) turns į Maksva : sk-+ Cons. > ks+ Cons. -I-- > -I-- (B Czn.-6anT. 31. 54 cm. ): twipka “it flashes, it shines” Mielcke L. -d. Wb. 304, blypkéti „funkeln, schimmern, glaūnzen“ 1. c.29, wikBwa ‘roth klein Grass, Spiked I. c. 329 ~ grass" wikfris m. ‘cut grass’ 1. c. 329 iš *višk-va ~ *ex-ris. So. viksva is a newcomer (~ *visk-va : *viskū = waps-va : wapsa). *Everything is on site *viska su -s iš congeners Kvėd. Po other vowels (no i) sk unconveį rted sk; plg. véskurnoti, éska, préskas, plėskė, maskatuoti, lūskana, lūskis etc. -sk+ Cons. had to become į -ks+ Cons. Shisai - How about ir i.-eur. -turned into į - Shh. Traškana So. su š iš fluffy < *träks-tei* < *cod tea (left. squeal). "Pękła pa-pawkas (: lenk. ft) ft ~ < *piisk-ti Taūkšti Oonrars : to fix text point. ~ There's a ~ little bit 3 of a problem. (tepboxw) : plump polk. a swimmer. Swordsman msc. may be of prabalt origin. iš Sermusk-nis : slav. -sxa < -us-a. So. Alyssum ‘onbxa’ can only be iš *ali-nis : iš alisk-nis would be *smiles. *Alis-nis ~ oavxa: Prussian alis-k-andé = Slav. čermox-a < -us-a : *Sermus-k-nis= uos-is germ. : as-ka-. Resoluti- ~ on cf. m. lat. res[c]-tis. Lost in ~ the Middle Ds. Veizd-éti (cf. der-éti > der-lus, tuk-ti > tuk-lus, jemū > *pa-jem-liis > pajemblis (Q.) : *Vaizd-lus. d before I converting į g (left. handlowa¢ > So. angliavéti) : *imagery > *speedy. Iš *weakly born weakly by metathesis POB. Slave. -skn- > -sn-, o white > -ksn-, iš where -kšn-: You're lying. ~ Flash. HE Omo6-pbiuaEmo JK CBOETO BOJIOY JIH OCbJIa OTH bCaid i Be/tb HanabT*b. Zogr. Leskien Hd. *193 = atū-riṣa Ds. I'm gonna... OTH &3bI = i§-raisyti. Cp. Cnas.-6aar. ar. 691, i) Russian. Mmyc-uno : myxc-[o]lao POB LXV 402 = prue. krup-eyle : s.-lie. deiv-ila-s "God, HJIOJI". IĮ.-cJ. aen-uys : aek-bų4b5 = polk. dial. pal-ic : pal-ec, palca = jaun-eika 'Mmnanmmnū Opar's : young = man ‘uopnbih KpoBsiHOH cyn’ Linkmenes : juod-ikis "money name" = Nam-eikis last name : Nam-ik "t. p.’ Bp. kopdba : Bp. K0po6 = eopona : 66p. Skr. clyine ‘Art Haken, Krampe’ : claw ‘somewhat curved, crooked’ Berneker SEW. 529 = k'éiva ,kpusonoruii" : is adjective. = kvdiSa ‘nypax * : kvaišas' stupid", Bp. 60404a "uenoBek miisomuiicst No, baby. Hab Iš 581: 6010K8Y. = ludZa : lie. Fly. Bėgtė (run) cf. dpbuey div ‘running- ’, Gecom Gescamo is sg. i. iš *run-the (DusetiSkiai says run running); plg. Širvydo (Dictionary 1713 m.): fold ‘chtosta’ 25P (+ plakt¢ plakti), twisted 44%, wogte 1109 (~ thief stole), bunk 131% (~gulte gula), patepte 252° (~tepté tépa). 69 La. rhythm. olūts turi { iš v; plg. at-lusha Kvėd. iš *at-usa instead of at-usa (and so say) su v iš At-Washa Alif Lam Ra. offspring'; Telšių par. 10.00 a.m. g. > Aug. *where iš lias (Guidelines) next to su ears, pipe morning. > Aug. *lumzdys > lumzdys So. Kamai. Teké-ti : teké-stos, ėstų ‘BbiXoJį 3aMyxx’ Linkmenes = žėnyčio < MeHu-MmoCA: women-stos Linkmenes "xenurbOa' = germ. pevano-n ‘dienen’: pevand-sta m. n. ‘Service’ Fick III? 177. Si autumn I was Ciskodo in the (12 parish vafstos from Rēzeknes — Pexnnia) colonies. While tų studying Lithuanian slang, I took notes in Latvian. šį tą ir Here are some examples (or I heard correctly, I can't put my head): mdrga ‘3pejiasi JeByIIKa, nuo pirmos antdrapanės (menstruatio)“, mirdzinuot ‘lynéti’, leitinš kai mygla slacin,oj, patmal'as ‘“Menbnuna”, place names ~ Cyskods, Vil'ūni, now, Gal'ūni, -nu, Varkl' oni, -nu, Rykova, Bykova, Drycani, now, Malnova, Lubuons —ezeras, dindorzs klavs, ~ Raznas V,orkova, azars, Maltas upstream, vanagi, ai vanadZeni! voc. (in the song), plethora, plethora, plethora, plethora "zemai', myl'ti, aviSa" ‘sheep’, Seri times, but old wolf; you who feed the sheep, and feed the goats; Gen. pl. zusu, ziv-u; syvans, but Sivérens, shiveriu jimt, primu din l'audavena, caturdin, sasdin, ovu boltas kuojas, Iyku lyku gal'vena (sc. vainučenu), meita dzaltuonim motim, munu vainuku atpakal’ atnas. Where Iyki vairuku? tyku... Scream. I'm gonna throw a ball without a buol'ena. Natak spūl'eite, without skrimesteria. garvilce ‘panyra’, carmuška (= "Gilmore Girls, 3rd Season, Season 3, Episode 3". iš *pre-Russi- < an cream. *XOpMH,,XOPOMHI". I was in Cisco for four days. I didn't have time to learn the accent properly. On the other hand, I was more concernne ed about Lithuanian and Latvian dialects. Ir the ir Latvian-- Lithuanian dialect seemed very vivid to me: I promise another time. važiuoti More about the Kurians. The most important features of the Curonian language are found in the word *Santace lie. = san-takys : up de beekeeping Sentatze, there are two streams merging 1422 m. Bielenstein Borders kur. 452. use Bente limit 1422. 1. c. (one broken Sate-purwe 1439 1. c. 455. where. up de brugge Grynde 1422 m. I. c. 452 : lie. flooring ~ la. zemg. She screams. who. Kandamer Vytzen sture 1. c. 453. who. Cantimas 1387 1. c. 450, 1439 1. c. 455 ~ Cantyn 1290 1. c. 440. kur§. Mames-pintes 1. c. 477 ~ price. pintis ‘kélias’? who. Svente Family name under Dabble and under Matkuln (both far from the lower Aban) I. c. 344. who. Dzintere 1. c. 2828 : lie. Amber, river. { beekeeping Zynthere 480 who. Hiking 1253 m. 1. c. 233. who. Stembre 1386 1. c. 450 : la. zemg. stiff ‘Halm’ ~ jam. stems ‘BHJ Kamba’ Mossad. who. Venzava |. c. 195. 198. 70 Kuršių A/š-vanga (Biel. Grenzen 206) is originated iš * A/šu vanga : * Alšu iš *alš(n)juo “alder”. Alšu: *alsnis (> al'ksnis) = breast Biel. Easy. Spr. II 4: krasni-, cf. g. pl. star 1. c. II 32 ~ *smiles. Who? Alšu Manor = Alksnių (dvaras). Who? levanga bus Iev-vanga iš iévu vanga. How There seems to ar be something Celtic in the land of the Balts, as you like A. Sachmatov'as (AfSPh. XXXIII 51 ff.) Aš I can't find anything Celtic in the following names: ir Nė-munas 1. c. 77 (plg. o3. Myrna ~ 3acreno Ilo-Myne near Dykšnykščio Lake ir The Dyson River. Svenčionių apskritis Cf. He-eapda : The River at the End Sitting = down again: Be0-epa prus. Wedera Wedir lacus Ness. = Non-cancer : Cancer River Kvėd. p. He-koua > > Jam. Nakacia (here says na-Zindu) : Kom-pa = He-moxwma o3epo : "Jlycecal". c. 79 = Laukesa Daugava tributary at Griva, la. Riga l. c. 81 = ring ~ The rings are rounded. Maybe I'll stay In Mogadishu. Please write to the same address. I wish viso good That's for the coming Naujųjų Years. I leave my su respects Tamstos Kazimieras Booga. [6] Meat. 1912 m. January 8 (21) d. Garbus Buddy! Dusetiškių — kupiškėnų k. 'Father, I can only understand your words. iš k/'avas; plg. la. key. Iš Pra-lie. *clover Dusetos should wait *klévas, Kupiškyję — *claws. How to pronounce Dusetosę, Kup. lėpinu, (iš)hipęs, while I can't say (nebeatmenu). The Duset people say: Iėkia, slėgia, plėšia, fėsa, Iėdas, plėksta, klėtys pl., n. glébja s., ldidZiu, g. pldišėt, bet lėpšys "That mushroom', there was a mushroom on the table (= ‘nuliiike) like pigs ~ V'ėpstū V'ēpti, "'eipstū juokū "I'm laughing, I'm not laughing" (cf. milpti pas Yush. Zod. I 422P, 500), bl'édis, -ies ‘damage’ (cf. JIxp. 208,,), gl'éizoti 'peckač' Linkmenysė. Bl'édis, apparently, is a word of Latvian origin. For example, the sequence of the phrases : "prūsas ~ fem" can be compared to ir the sequence of the phrase "varna vafnas". Prussia Kvėd. Rietavas neighbor fem. ~ neighbor - „, » cf. Viekšniai par. žemaičių daktaras ~ fem. by ‘nokrTop (xeHmnna)’. Telšiai edge, if any iš *aštuuntas, would have later come as gen. pl. men (with narrow uw) < *male < *vyrun < *woman. Aštėnc would be comparable (but ne even!) telšių lytis vénc (g. s. vein) ‘one’ [ė ne nosepiece, t. y. ne *venc!]. The locals call it Aston. 71 Tels. Jam. acc. pl. tus vyrus, as in Tamsta, I now interpret from *tūns vyruns [cf. gen. pl. Mėsėdžio šnektos: tú vyru gretą su nom. du. tdu-do vyré] < *tuons vyruons. Acc. pl. telš. pėktūs vyrus: Rasčiniškių žemaičių (Kvėd. Riet.) péktyns-- os [Rasein. žemaičių nebeskiria trumpųjų u ~ d, i ~ ė] vyrai. Pėktas mergas Wed.: pėktėns-- es m. Wed. = péktds vyros Wed.: pėktėnš-- ės v. Wed. Telšiai žem. tesako péktios-- es (muotėris) < piktos-ias; cf. So. piktds-ids. Telšių žemaičių acc. pl. pėktūsius would be from *pėktynius; plg. telš. Jam. skūstė < complain. In this way, it turns out that the ė6-stem words were the next time had in acc. pl. dwojakie końcówkę: -Os and -Ons. Acc. pl. telš. tas vīrus and gen. pl. vīru shows that aštėnce cannot be derived from *aštuontas. From *astounc (which would be a very recent modern form) could come aštėne: *astounc > *aštonc [cf. kas vėn from *véin < *véind ntr. (cf. telš. nem. neutr. trijmpd) < *viend) > asthenia; cf. dat du. dom vyrom < *doum. Lie. kuodeélis, I think, is a word of Russian origin (cf. zem. pouka < rus. nyx. For uo plg. la. duoma, kuoma etc.). The Finnish word kuontalo Mikkola reads as Russian, but it could also be Baltic. If kuontalo was a Baltic word, then it could be inferred that the pro-Baltic speakers were still an+ Cons. not confused with on+ Cons. Balt. kand-> f. kuont-alo: Daukanto accus. s.g. Five. aną tą [to msc. anou, tou. The meaning of žotinū katbės... Petrapilie 1837 p. 19. Daukantas in all his writings distinguishes tq, i. e. ta, from tou] < *anan *tan: tus < *tons: wolkui: ž. vyru: pūlti. With all this in mind, it will not be impossible to introduce a noun and -woi-< i.-eur. - I-- Lie. Ishina POB. LXVI 225 may have come from i.-eur. ging: kelt. leino-; cf. what Bezzenb says. KZ. XLIV 309 (I got to read in Vilnius Science Society). With no slunikius "der Schleicher" from *slonk-? "Sloan - Slough". sloan.co.- uk. kluinis: la. clainis cf. BW. 29840: kleinis,,KpuBOHOTHII" BW. 11308 var. = la. crayfish: *crayfish: crayfish POB. LXVI 222 = luitas 1. c. 226: laitas: lieti 1. c. 227 = kita: maita: meit-kaulis = puisos: paiSos: piėšos. = tulip-in-the-ti Jusk. z. 1 5542: talp-inti: telpu = j-tumpas (Italicized): tampaii: tempti = la. darkness: lie. darkness: take away. The question about -6iman is not yet clear. From i.-eur. ou, I think you should wait for #:: ou > *uou > uu (cf. uoi > ui) > i; cf. pa-laid-uonas (cf. JIxp. 70,. Širvydo Dict. 9, 165, 277, 359 —palayduo) and pa-laidinas < *-6unos? "P.S. I'm not going to be a rapper, but I'm going to be a rapper". The Lybian mdndroks, kill, loiga, koidas cannot be of Žemaitijos origin, because according to Bielenstein's testimony (Die Grenzen) the Lybians were not neighbors of the Žemaitijos: Lybian place names do not come to Gramzdo. Lyb. loiga, koidas must be in Kurish words. The Lybų oi would be from the Kurian ėi (as well as the Telšių Žemaičiai). Without it, the Kurians will be melted-down Žemaites? Lybian kill = la. dzilna would indicate that the Lybians would have encountered the Curonian Samogitians even before the merger. All eastern Lithuanians know the hare (Saločiai, Panevėžys district, Dus., Širvydas- ). Telšiškiai, Rasėčiniškiai Žemaičiai, Vakarų aukštaičiai (Tilžė, S. Naumiestis) sako zuikis. The word "zucchini" may be a derivative of the word "zucchini". In the case of the phrase "I'm not going to go to school," it would have been "I'm going to go to school". dudéga = ras. The tail is shorter than the body. "Treasure Land". *trėjits > trėits > tréits > tréc “Tpohka” (Mos. Salantai). "Tiškės žemaičiai" > tilž. Bunny. 100, pp. i.e. son of heart, as some say in Dusetos —heart. 72 Telšių žemaičių acc. s.g. of vyrs is vyra, but i. sg. Five. sd borne. Part two shifted plg. So. vyrū, but with būrnū, Suvalkų Naumiesčio, Virbūliaus (Bep>k60- /10B0) — man, with burnd. Wouldn't it be possible to get to Dzimtenés Véstnesio, where Tamsta wrote about Sachmatov ferries? Aistere without is not Aistar-? plg. Aistar-nieki BW, 12684 (Rava). Tuos-mare BW. 9593 (on the shore of the lake) the first part of it is a family with the name of the river Tuos-ele (after Nice Bartavas south stream. The second part of Tuos-mare is comparable to la. by the name of the town Palc-mare (Conv. vardn. 667) on the bank of the river Palce (Gaujas pieteka): lie. ZiZ[mal]-- mariai, city. "Trakai apskritis, Žižmariškiai, kaimas Vabalniūko par. ~ plg. 1) the river Kuršėnų Tryškių par., 2) the tributary of Gauja Dievėniškio par. Viln. gub. -mare: Marra, a tributary of the Ryva, which flows into the Baltic Sea at Labraggen. Bielenst. Borders 480: lie. XVI century peaxa Mop-uxa (PeBnaus rymp... 50, 54) ~ ot Bpouniia IlocraBsann (= Pastovėliai) muss go o3epa Mops 1. c. 54 (Seinų apskritis. Suvalkų gub.): Mariūgė peuxa OJin3b r. Buna —Vidžiai: Pa-mar-éika, river near Zasčėčiai Jlar/10oBcekof Boa. Con. V. Prus. Pas-mar River near Kreuzburg (Nesselm. Thes.):? sen.-ind. marayati ‘submerges something, throws into water’. Whether the -mare is a maré "Mope" is not clear. Course. Vec-Sumber farm in Dondangschen (Biel. border 288): sibr-iti! BW. 30493 Skrunda from the Zemgalian language. Course. And-ume near Stendes ~ Talsu (Conv. noun 113, 1144):? Slave. There. {cf. venter-kajis BW. 14517, 9 Kuldiga Venteru houses, deep river bank (near Aizupe, Talsi district). Conversation ward. 47: ventris msc. 2nd ed., 1st ed., 2nd ed. Rindz-ele in the Engure district. Conversion. wardn. 846. . "Ringo Starr - Ringo". Riga. Course. A/5u muiza, AIS(u) vanga; 1999. pp. BW. 9778, 1 var. Dundanga: lagžu kramina BW. 29316. When Walter will publish his Slaning Investigations, I do not know (it was supposed to be published by B H3B. H.A.H. in 1912). Scientific articles give the forms of literary language, I would also like to use literary spelling (as Tamsta wrote CnaB.-6aJs1. aT.); fig. man, go, word. When giving dialectal forms, the scientific spelling should be used; plg.: telš. Jam. That. s.g. vir, 1 sg. fucked. Dust, dust. Jam. building, building. - Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. For examples of written language, I would advise you to use the simple spelling of the present-- day writings, i.e. to write: vyras, verksiu, médzio. 73 Pavéikslas be does not come from this path: pa-veid + tlas (cf. *dr-tlas > ar-klas) > *paveistlas > *paveisklas [not *paveišklas delto that, when it was taut-iškas with š, the picture still had a dentate f before s] > paveikslas. The next POB number will be my “CnaBaHo-GOajiT. STHMOJIOTHH’. Good days Tamstos K. Buga, PS. Bezzenb. I read the review while in Vilnius. [7] 1930) January 12 – I.-Eur. ou I spoke Lithuanian wildly @: ou > Garbūs Draugė! *uou (cf. -uoi > -ui) > *uu >i. Greta with nom. s.g. man Dauksa has acc. s.g. žmūnį, which I would like to understand in this way: žmuo < *žmo < žmo(n) from *žmoun, cf. akmuo ~ Šyxpov but žmūnį from *žmoun-- m. This should be understood as Širvydo širšuo together with telšiškių žem. slayer < slayer. La. pėrk-uon- -s: perkūnas didWomen's Dus. : didiméné Salantai suodys pl. ‘cama’: sudys telš. Jam. voice: slav. gruda < *grouda? Jump in. :Screaming msc. Lips "TIpbI2KOK": slav. lubo < *loub(h)os: ceiling duos: umas ‘CHIPOR’: um-ėdė "cbipoexkKa' sleepy (cf. rus. 3y60-acm: sleepy sneiguolé: telš. Jam. snaigilé. In Telsiskiu Žemaičių astonc "eighth" is not clear to me: from *aštoūntas we should expect *astinc; cf. along with poūdėnktis "pūodo dafigtis’ we have pūndėnktis. The latter gender is derived from *pouddgnktis (dissimilatio duorum d. Zasėčių sodžiaūs (Slanimo apskr.) lytį anduot < *adduoti) > *pdundėnktis (cf. kailiniai > Dus. kalniai < *kailniai) > *pondgnktis > *pūndėnktis > pūndėnktis. Pūndoėnktis was rather from *pondariktis (when an+ Con. had not yet become ¢n+ Con!). Pėrkuons ~ thunder can also be understood differently; cf. yskdvy m= yskūvū. Telš. Jam. astonc, it seems to me, can only be derived from *aštarit, which would show that on turns not into un, but into an. * Ashtafite friend with instr. pl. -ais = gr. -owz skr. aiš would indicate that the 6 closed syllables would have been abbreviated by the Baltic proto-speakers. The inabbreviation of the bivowels -di (wolf) and -on (goose-ū "yy-Gv') can be understood from sandhi ([in positione] ante vocalem antecedentis verbi). In this interpretation, the gender of these words will remain incomprehensible. accumulators. pl. -us: telš. tus vėlkūs (at do vėlkė!). Acc. pl. telš. Jam. tus from *tuns; del vocio u nascoumo plg. pūdamėnc, g. s. pudamėnta ‘bynmament’ rank with pindamėne, g. sg. add-ons. 74 Tus < [*tųs?] < *tuns < *tuons (cf. gr. rodo) = g. p. vartu < *vartų < *vaitun < Fvartuon. In Upper Livonian those would be understood from *tuons < *tuons only so that we would acknowledge that the Upper Livonian dialect “vocalis- +n-+s” previously in no way in Žemaičių became “nasalis vocalis+- s” and that “nasal vowels” those diphthongs began to become before shortening von to un. It was still -uontnes shortened to -untwhen the Upper Tatras began to pronounce *fugs. That -uos could have become -uos, it seems, should not be doubted. The fact that an+s, en+s, which were pronounced in the Upper Tatras, have long since become ąs, ęs can be seen from the Dzūkians of the districts of Trakai and Seinai: they say renkū, žūsis, tišū < goose, tęsė. In the case of the lower-levels, it was later converted into a "higher-level" bridge. In the village of Žviūgiai (Rasčiniai district) the Žemaites still say žansės (with the nasal a+n) today. Kvėd. 2000: The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows, The Shadows. Telšių žemaičių acc. pl. tus = aug. tuds shows that the 6 closed syllable of the proto-Baltic did not shorten to a (but how to understand *aštantą?). Liet. liekqs, apparently, is derived from i.-eur. *leik*ont-s (cf. skr. bhdran ~ *bhdarąs t-), not from *leik*tonts (cf. gr. ęžpovvyl- [r], slav. bery). Rūjiš: rdaišas = zem. house ‘nectpak’ (Jaūnius): ground. rdinas = cold: *klaikas > pa-klaikti (cf. sveikas > pa-sveikti). La. kruilis: kreil(a)-s = la. kluinis: kleins. Gruinys: pure. Here we have a whole series of nouns with ui, derived from adjectives. Is this ui would be from i.-eur. Right? It is difficult to understand why this is the case. As with rdisas that we have rūišis, so with sénas we should have *sanis, and with šēmas —*Suomis. Without *sanis, *Suomis, the word ruisis should not be interpreted from *raišis. If the species is not *roisis, then what is it? The Latvian kruilis and kluinis indicate that the words of the species variety come from the common Latvian and Lithuanian proto-language. Sėnis, šėmis, seems to have not replaced *sanis, *šuomis. The question of the bivowel ui is very confusing and, in my opinion, still unresolved today. The name could be a transliteration of "Zhu". This word would have been borrowed from the Kurians who used to say *zuikis; "Rucava = telš". Jam. 2000) "Smoke on the Water" (feat. The Curonian *zuicis from *zuoicis (with i epentezimi) < *zudcis; la. zakis replaced *zacis with dial. k (ventinių?? zemgalių??), or with k from *zak(a)s?. * Zuécis: *zacis would have different degrees of vowels (Ablaut!). The relationship with 3aūub, saika, 3aeHbKa, 3aūuxbKa is not clear. * Basų < *Zo-j-en-ko-s, 3aen-[oKa] < *Zuo-j-en-[ika] from i.-eur. *g(h)o[u?]-joar £(h)oj-o-< g(h)ėli)-. Course. *zué-c-is ~ la. za-k-is: Slav. za-j-en-= lat. é-vum la. uo-l-a ‘ear’: Slavic. ja-j-e. 1) The Lithuanian—Latvian diphthong ie in Finnish gives ei: heind < hay, sein < wall. ; The Baltic ei (from Lithuanian —Lat. ie) gives fin. ai: taivas < *deivas, paimen < *peimen-, viive['] from *vaives < *veives-[- d] (from Lithuanian vievesa, -6s, acc. vievesą. 75 2) Lie. —la. uo = fin. wu: juutas < juods, luuta < Shiota. 1996: "The Road to the End" (feat. From this we see two Baltic-Finnish periods: 1) the older Baltic period, 2) the younger Latvian-- Lithuanian (or Lithuanian-Lithuanian?) period. The Finnish morsian "marti", lohi "Jlašis", toe, la. tacis" would be words of the older Baltic period, when the short @ was still separated from the short o. The Baltic origin of these words is unquestionable. Finnish olut can be both Germanic and Baltic (cf. Prussian alu from *alut). The Finnish o mentioned above is only understood from the Baltic d: from a we would have Fin. a. Morsian etc. would be older than the Baltic period Zodžius taivas and routa. Morsian etc. could also be of the same age as taivas, routa, acknowledging that the ending (without kif¢io?) d previously turned into d in no other position (sub accentu, or without accent?). The question of the short o is very important. You should check with finnologists here, what they say about morsian etc. It seems to me that Morsian cannot be interpreted in any other way. Is Finnish kuontalo a Baltic (Lat. kuodel'a, if not a Russian word) or a Slavic word? From Slavic *koedéle I do not understand f. -uont-. If dagys is from *dagijas (= Estonian tagijas), then why is the cow not *galvis? (calvia etc.). Wife. and Aug. kifvys would also be understood from *kiFvij(a- )s (a far from kir&io). If igauniy tag „dagys“ is not possible, it is understood as just *dagijas. so we'll have to read dagys as coming from *dagijas. Are there no Finns more -ija(s) from Baltic -is? I don't have Thomsen- 's work at the moment, so I can't look for more words with -ija(s). 5 J Veliju Goodbye to Tamsta. With respect lieckmi Kaz. Booga. PS. I will send my new address to Tamsta from Vilnius, where I will be 3 and 4 II. To Vilnius please write to this address: KoxegBennas Ne 5 Penakuusi ras3ersi „Viltis“. [8] Pažiegės single-seater, Duseti] par March 17, 1912 (III) Garbūs Draugė! Hello Tamsta, you have successfully defended your doctoral dissertation! I hope that the ministry will probably approve Tamsta as a professor! He is a strange and incomprehensible man. Although he is my teacher, I do not like much of his manner and behaviour. Well, B has broken down in the last few years. Those hooks that Shakhmatov made must have been squeezed. They say S has some additions to Tamsta's writing. During that hearing, I didn't talk to S-u. Tamsta's article about -uibus is expected not only by me, but also by European scientists. The pronunciation of the diphthong - is still unclear to European linguists. I gladly allow Tamsta to publish to the science the little things about the Zemaites of Telšiai. plural ending -us. At 76 the end of the summer I would like to describe the Auslaut (-ė:-i, -d: -u etc.) of the Zemgaling people of Telšiai. The bi-vowel -ing has now become clear to me as well. Among other things, -wi can also be from i.-eur. -di-Tamsta's conjecture that -uitekįlas only comes from the -6i-, seems true to me. Ruinis to rainas, rūišis to rdaišas, kluikis to klaik-šas ‘fatulus’ confirms that common sense. lui-ta-s ‘3ama3ka’ (c HenoJIBHXHbIM yiapenueM. Cf. grąž-tai, kdl-tai, sai-tai, skab-tai etc.: gr. g0p-To-c, Thob-To-- ¢) from *Iditas: praet. léjaii (cf. Dus.: $léjail, lėjau). -we have some-what less than -ai-; but there's nothing to worry about. -aiinstead of the waiting -uibus lietuvjy—Italic noun as in -4instead of -uo-; e.g. sédu, bėgu, slėgiu, but sodinu, boginu, sloginu instead of *sūdinu (cf. shiogas, ruožas < réZiu. pliostas = Slav. naaems < plésiu etc.). Piece: paisa: puisSa Ds. * = slinkius (Kuršaitis slinkis in brackets. Cf. miznius: miZnis Dus.): slankius: slunkius. Luiba PPB. LXVI 224: ldibas = linen: leictas) = sluine (la. sluins,,6poasira® Rig. r. kr. XV 136): la. slaists 1. c. 94 ~ §laistaiisi ~ §lieti. The words of this variety have a real accent on the root; cf. kleiva: clay, kvdila „nypak“: foolish, kvdisa ‘aypax’: idle. La. gaiba "kur geibsta’ could be a new word instead of *guiba: adiect. *gaibs = lie. *gaibus (geibti: *gaibus = to give: peaceful = nésti: našūs etc.). La. (vinšgluži sa-)guibis (Rig. r. kr. XV 77: guibt) would be a neologism instead of *sa-gaibis from *guiba (cf. lit. gvdiba). Near the museum, note Koss. Litu. 482, the eastern people say augstaiCiai and mdistau ‘kiwam’. With no root méi-? (cf. ldi-stau ~ lie-ti, sai-staii ~ sié-ti etc.) uidiju POB. LXVI 231 be is not derived from *vuoidijuo: vaidas. La. pleat: pluosit = lie. *mites? : I remember. Maita: much, g. s. many Ds. < root mei-= laitas: cast iron ‘3amaska’. I-eur. du lietuvjy—- in Latvian it gives either wo or au: 6u > uo, but without accent ou > au. kuopa = slave. kupa gruodas = $€* gruda Hobas' ''~'= = "lub, La. virsuone: virsaune, pérkuons: pérkauns. Lie. —la. uo: au i$ i.-eur. ou has a complete analogy with lie. —la. ie: ei from i.-eur. Hey. This way it turns out that lies. —la. uo can have two origins: from i.-eur. d ir ou. Name. pl. lyguos TveréCius: equal is equal with karties Tverėčius, Adutiskis: kartis and, perhaps, with diduomenė: didumené and lapiéné: žem. Rabbit. Good afternoon! Tamstos Kaz. Bug. ! "The New York Times: A.P.M.'s "I'm Sorry"" (in English). péikino-s: kiftis (ynapenue) has been immovable (cf. rus. kpdcretd, but Kpacd). 77 Ilour, cr. Jlycarsi, Koben. ry6. 3acrenor Ilaxere (Pažiegė). Annotation by Karl Peterson in Auce says: suikis, ruize —Kauuku cBHHeh sukis ‘Halbschwein’, pivėns ‘mopocs’. Alice. [9] Pažiegė (Dusetū par.), July 24, 1913. I don't know if this letter will be found in Tamsta on Garbus Drauge! the coast. I was going to write a long time ago, but I don't know how this happened. I stayed in Vilnius for 24 days. I spent 15 days in Suvalki province (Naumiesti parish). In Vilnius I found a lot of material for a Lithuanian- -English dictionary. I didn't use all of the clay in those days. I'll get another ride at a more convenient time. Manuscript materials for the dictionary are not only in Vilnius, but also in Kaunas, Seinuosė and other places. I found two more editions of Juškevičius' dictionary, not as complete as the printed one. Now I'm enjoying Sanskrit. In the autumn I promise to take exams in comparative grammar and Sanskrit. I leave Latin and Greek for spring. For Sanskrit I will use G. Biihler’s “Leitfaden fiir den Elementarcursus des Sanskrit” and Wackernagel. I received Tamsta’s “Miszellen” from Basanavičius, so Tamsta didn’t send them to me anymore. Being in the village, I have not seen anything useful in language science. I will stay in Pažiegė until 10-15 VIII. From 15 August I will live in St. Petersburg, i.e. M. JIBopsauckasa Ne 7. Now I will reply to Tamsta's letter, which I received while I was still in Vilnius. 1. When it rains. that the current was derived from the older gender strovė, hardly anyone can believe, because the facts of the language contradict this. The Duset people say stryptie, strėnos, strakt'!, but srébtie, sriegas pl. sriegai, srauja ūpė; Kvėdarniškiai — strėnos, strypailioti, strūgas, bet srėbti, srauni ūpė. Trakai, Seinų district Dzūki instead of srir §rir -sr-, -Šrvisur turi str; cf. Strike, dawn. 2. I also think it's a good idea. axvja is not a novelty (cf. broad). Lightweight, lightweight: lightweight pro *lengūs (with v lightweight f.). Cf. erdvi f. > erdvi m. (*erdvi in place). Although light, spacious can have v from the neighboring genders light, spacious (msc. lefigvas, ervas). I do not have any facts that would show that there is a whiff of innovation. 3. In all conversations I know, there are words with s/and with sclnext to each other. Next to slid, sliekas, slėgiu, slapūkas, sldstai in Dusetiškiai is said and sk! "eating 'full as an eye', pa-split 3 past. ‘paskleide’, in-sklimbai adv. "schrúg" (screw), "skliaiitai" (screws). Indoor. in Lithuanian slang turns to į sl-. 4. Now I no longer believe that the Zaltys and Zalktys (Dusetos, Dysna: not *zalktys- !) were descended from two separate sexes. Yellow = la. zaltis is derived from *žalk-tjs: -ktphonetically Lithuanian into Latvian translates ir ir į -t-. -ktteliekti only where there is still a distance- ). Tlėk: 78 Pressure: ludkija = Tlokun-pelk "Sumpf a. d. galind. Masur. Border 1347 J': bear bear ‘Bar’. "Slavia - Slavic Languages". su tfoczyč, rus. tolk-= tpo-t66 tp0-Yy-Xr: T6p-uo-ę ‘any hole in which a pin is inserted’ la. ter-m(a)- -s “Wurm' = ae. wloh f. ‘Faser, Franze, Flocke’ from *vlo-kū or *vla-ka: s.-ind. valkd- 'Bast' rus. eo10xx0 (6020ms "Faser"). How That's the etymology? I have a lot to do. I am preparing for the spring final exams. How That's the thing. Not confirmed as a professor yet? I wish you all the best Tamstos Kaz. Būga