Банки терминов и их практическое использование

MOKSLO KALBOS KULTUROS IR TERMINOLOGIJOS PROBLEMOS LIETUVIY KALBOTYROS KLAUSIMAI, XXIV(1985) MPHHA HHKOJIAEBHA BOJIKOBA BAHKH TEPMHHOB H HX NMPAKTHYECKOE HCHOJIbSOBAHHE HayHo- exnuyeckaa peBomiouua mpuBena K BOSPOCIIeMy 3HayeHHIO mpo- 6Mue HayyHO- exHHyecKOl TepMHHOsO HH AWA HapowHo o xosalic Ba. Cosja- HHe H BHeApPeHHe ABTOMATHSHPOBAaHHEIX YPaBMAIONNX H HHOPpMallHOHHEIx CuCTeM, MepexO pO paMMHO-leJeBLIM K MeTO aM IlaHApPOBaHHA, pasBHTHe MexKyHapOAHOH KOONepauun H HHTe pallau npu pemennu Hay4HO-TexHH4e- CKHX H SKOHOMHYECKUX 3a2a4 MpebABNAIOT Bce Gosee 2CTKKeHE TpeOOBaHHA K ASbIKY HayKH H TeXHHKH C TOUKH SpCHHA OMHOSHaYHOCTH TepMHHOMO HH, HCNOJb3yeMOH B JOKYMeHTaWA PasAHYHEIX BHIOB. CuexcTBHeM 9TO O ABHaCh 3HAYHTeMbHaA aKTHBHSALNA pa6o ynops- no AOMCHHIO H CTAaHAapTH3alHH HayYHO-TeXHHYeCKOH TepMHHONO HH Ha HallHo- HaJIbHOM H MK AYHaPOAHOM YpOBHAX, 4YTO NPHBeNO K. cosqaHHIO Sobo KOJIHYCCTBA CHATaapTOB H PeKOMeHAallMii NO TepMHHOJO HH (Mex AyHapon- HBIX, PeTHOHAJIbHBIX, HaLHOHAJIbHBIX, (PUPMEHHEIX HT. 2). Cose om Sxonomuyeckoii Bsaumonomonm u (COB) npuna o 160 cTaHyap- TOB Ha T€pMHHBI H Onpezemenun, MexayHapoqHO op anHsa ueli no cTaH- AapTusannn (HCO) ony6auKosano 180 mMexpyHapogHHx TepMHHOmo H4e- CKHX cTaHjap os, MexjyHapoaHoli aeKTpoTexHHyecKol KOMHCCHel BHMymeHo oxon0 aaB 60 MexyyHapogHo o seKTpoTexHu4ecKo o cmoBaps (MSC) chenwampHbIx u TepMHHONO HyecKHx nyGauKauMi (uMeIOT eTaTyc cTaHnap os MOK). Hau onasbubimu op anwsaumamn no c anzap u3ayuu 40 CTpaH MpHATO cable 15 THC. CTaHqapTOB Ha TepMMHBI H ONpesenenns. Boabu mme ycnexu B o6nac u ynopayouenna u CTaHapTu3sanun TepHOMH- wo MH ATHoc HyTH B CoBeTcKom Co ose, e jelicTByiT cBpiie 700 ocyap- CTBCHHBIX H OTPaCMeBbIX CHATaapTOB Ha TEPMHHI H OeMeeHHANP H H3aHO Gonee cOopHukos 100 pekomeHayemu x TepMuHos KHTT AH CCCP. Maccupbl cTaH) apTH3OBaHHEIX H PeKOMeHAOBAHHEIX TepMHHOB UCuHCMAIOT- CA COTHAMH TbIcdy. HeoOxoquMbIM yCOBHEM JA HCHOb/SOBaHHA STUX MaC- CHBOB B MTH4ecKOilpak H Hay4HOl paGo e, Opic po o MoHCKa HYKHBIX Tep- MHHOB ABIAeTCA MACTaBeHHepe CTaHapTH30BaHHOl H PeKOMeHOBaHHOI TCPMHHOJOPHH B BAZ ONpeeeHHOH Op aHHsal HOHHON c pyK yppl. OnHHM H3 PaCIPOCTpaHeHHBIX CNOCOOOB CTpyKTYpHOH Op aHH3auHA OombmHx Tep- MHHOJO HYeCKHX MACCHBOB ABJIACTCH CO3aHHe OaHKOB TepMHHOJO HyeCcKHX 46 HaHbIX, B KOTOPbIX XpaHeHue, o6pabo ka H BEIaya TepMHHOAO HYeCKON HH- (MalopHH OcyUlecTBIAeTCA C HCNONb3OBaHHeM SBM. Tox 6ankamu AanHbIx OObIdHO TOHHMaeTCa COBOKyNHOCTS HaGopoB LaHBIX 6omblio o O6beMa H CHOKHOM CTPyKTyPH, a TaK2xKe KOMMVIeKCa TeXHHYeCKHX cpecTB H Mpo paMMu- o o o6ecneyeHua AA Hako eHua, OOpabo ku u BEIa- 4HEOOxO- ZHMOH HMHopallaH. CopokynHoc Tb Haopo6B 2aHHbIX IPHATO HasLIBa- Tb Gasol anubix. B 6an- KaX TEPMHHOB 6a30 AaHHLIX ABIAETCA COBOKYMHOCTb COZEPKAaMUXCA BHX TEPMHHOB H COMPOBOAMAIOWMX HX IIeCMEHTOB MaHbIX. OTH COBOKYMHOCTH Ha3bIBajoT TEPMHHOJOFHYeCKHMA CTATbAMH, HHO a 39BTOM 3HayeH- HH HC- NOMb3yiOT Tak2xKe TePMHHbI TepMHHOMO MyeCKad 3Hanch u CAOBapH- an cTaTba. Tlo cpegenuam, onyOaHKOBaHHEIM MexyyHapogubim HHpopMallHOHHEIM WeHTpOM Mo TepMHHOnO HH (Mudo epmMom), B MHpe dyHKUHOHUpyIT HH HaXOMATCA B Npolecce paspaOoOT- KH HECKOIbko ACCATKOB TepMHHOJIO H4eCKHX 6anxos!. TakHe 6 uMankueloTca B BenuKoOpu annn, Benecyaane, TP, Hcnanuu, Kanaze, Jlioxcem6yp e, CCCP, CHIA, ®panuuu, PPL, Wsenun pale Apy ux c pan. u Cuenye oTMeTHT- D, 4TO CAYXKObI, IPH KOTOPEIX OPp aHH30BaHbl OaHKH Tep- MHHOB, KaK H JI€KCHYeCK- He MACCHBHI, ABHBIIHECA OCHOBOH JA HX POPMHPO- BaHHA, AOCTaTOU- HO pasHoobpasHEl. Ps 6aHkoB TepMHHOB CO3 ObiqaH Ha 6a3e TeX TePMHHOMO HYeCKHX MaC- CHBOB, KOTOpble CbOpMHPOBaHCb B NePHOA AKTHBH- EIX HCCeMOBaHHH 10 Ma- IIHHHOMy MeBogy: cuc emape TEAM amu suc u- yeckoi cyxK6nl pupmE Cumene (DPT), EBPOJMKAYTOM (JIoxcem6yp ), cac ems TEPMHYM u TEPMHMHOK (Kanaza) u pax apy ux. Cuc ema TEPMJJOK mpegcxo o WeHTpa TeXHHYeCKOH TepMHHOJO HH co3qaHa Ha 6ase AeKcHKo pa- duyeckou cayX6b 9TOFO WeHTpa, Ha NPOTAKeHHH MHOTHX eT aKTHBHO 3aHMMaloUle- TOCA H3aHHeM TepMHHONO HyecKHX coBapeli. Banka TepMHHO- oB HOPMA- TEPM (panuua), TEPM® (PI) co3nzanp npu cnyx6ax c aH apTusalu- y® OCHO HaBe MaCCHBOB CTaHapTH3OBaHHBIX TEPMHHOB. Maccosoe co3qaHHe H BHeApeHHe HOPMAAHPIHOHHO-NOHCKOBHIX CHCTeM T10- TpeOBa H CO3{aHHA JA HHX AHHTBHCTHYeCKO O OGecMeyeHHA, TO COMpo- BOwKMaloch Op aHHsalHeli MaCCHBOB TePMHHOB, Take CbIFPpaBLIHX CBOIO POlb B nponecce cbopMHpoBaHua GaHKOB TepMHHOB. Jia xapak TepHcTHku 6aHKOB TepMHHOB HCNOb3yIOTCA TakHe NOKasaT- esH, Kak cOcTaB H ObeM 6a3bl WaHHBIX (OXBAT TeMaTHYeCKHX OONacTe- l, HAaOOp SEMEHTOB aHHLIX TEPMHOMOFHYeCKO! CTATbH, KOMHYECTBO ASBIKOB, Ha KO- TOPHX MpescTaBleHa TepMHHOMO H¥ecKad HHOpMalHA), HOPMATHBHOCTD TEPMHHONO HyeCKO HHOpMallHH, KaTe opHn NOH30BaTeNel. Boapuioe 3Hayenne Wa:pyHKUHO- HHPOBaHHaA OaHKa TepMHHOB HMeeT COcTaB e o 6a3bl WaHHHX. Wem Oonbliee KOMHYECTBO 9CMCHT- OB aHHbIX CO1 Wo ld Guid o Te minol- ogical Ac i i i- es (O ganiz- a ions, Te minol- ogy Banks, Commi - ees) In o e m Se ies A. Miinchen: Ve lag Dokumen- a ion, 1974.312 p. 47 ACPAKUT TEPMHHOMO HYeCKaA CTbA, TEMTa IHP€ BOSMOXHOCTH HCNOAL3OBaHHA 9To o 6aHKa nOmb30BaTe AMH, HanpuMep, 6anke 8 epmaHos TEAM Kaxkaa TePMHHOMO HYecKan CTaTbA MOXKET cOepxXaTb AO 99 s1emeHTOB AaHHEIXx (paspa6o auku s o o 6anKa HaSbIBaloT HX KaTe opuHamu). B ux yucae ocHOBHO Te€PMHH, e o CHHOHHMHI, OHO HJM HECKOJIbKO onpeszenennii win KOHTeKCT, Ou6nHO paduyeckne cpe- AeHuaA (HCTOWHHK, aBTOp, Ja a nyOnuKannu H Ap. ), pamma uyeckue apa- MeTpbl TepMHHA, XapakTepuc Hka cieps e o TIPHMCHCHHA, a TaK%Ke 9KHBa- WCHTHBI€ TePMHHBI Ha aHTaHiicKOM, (paHuyscKom, HcmaHckoM, pyccKom, HTaJIbAHCKOM, MOPTy asIbCKOM H TOsIaHACKOM a3bIKax (9KBHBaaeHTHHIe Tep- MHHBI MOTYT ObITb IpescTaBACHEI He Ha BCex A3bIKaX). Ms nepeyucaenu x saemen os Bie AaHBIX Aa OOpabo Ku Heme Koi TePMHHOJOPH MTHYeCKHpak HCHOAbsyeTca OKOO 25 aemeHTOB2. TepMunoso myeckas c aTba banka TEPMJIOK mpegycma pusae 6ombmoe KONMMECTBO KaK JIMHIBUCTHYCCKHX, TAK HW 9KCTPaNMHTBACTHYeCKHX 9ue- MCHTOB JaHBbIX. TepMuHoso uueckas cTaTba MOKeT co epxKaTb 10 100 a1emeHToB WaHBIx, OTHOCAILHXCA K IHHIBHCTHYCCKOl HHpopMauMH a 26 pasHbIx a3spKoB. B HacToallee BMAPe JHIBHCTHYeCKad HHOpMallua OxBaTHIBacT 10 s3bIKOB: IWACKHH, aH aniicKnh, @panuysckui, ucnanckuii, HeMeI[KHH, JaTcKHli, HOp- BeXKCKHH, (PHHCKHH, pyccKuli, anoHcKuli. Han6onee ac o ucnospsyio ca 10 THHTBHCTHYCCKHX SCMCHTOB NaHEIx: 1) OcHOBHOH TepMuH; 2) CHHOHMEI H KBa3HCHHOHHMHI; 3) aHTOHHMBI; 4) mpousHomeHHe, paMMaTHyecKHe xapakTEPHCTHKH, COKpallleHHA, ONpeeNeHHA, MOMETHI, Kacalollueca HCnOmb30Ba- Hus, IPHMeYaHHA, MepeKpec uble ccBLIKH 3, His SKCTPaJIHHIBHCTHYCCKHX 9JIEMCHTOB AaHbIX HaH6oNlee yacT o HCHOJIb- 3yloTcx oxom0 10: o603HaueHHe AOKYMeHTa, HOMep TEPpMHHa, Klaccuuka- IHOHBIC€ KOJB, Ta a TIPHHATHA (432aHHA) , ykKasaHHe Ha SKCHep a, CCbINKH Ha HJocTpalun. Ilo c enewn HopMaTuBHocTa Tepmunono uuecKoi Oa3bl NaHHEIX cymlec By- joul e OaHKH TepMHHOB MOXKHO pasyeaHTb Ha [Be pymmbl: GaHKu, ocHoBy KOTOPBIX COCTaBNAeT CTaHapTH3OBaHHad TepMHMHOWO HA H KOTOpble ABJAIOT- Ci Kak Obl HOPMaTHBHBIMH COBapaMH, u OaHku, KoTOple dopmupyi csa u NONOAHAIOTCA HE TOMbKO H3 HOPMATHBHBIX UCTOUHHKOB. Hanp., 6ank Tepmu- HOJOPHYCCKHX JaHbIx MpanyyscKol accounannn no cTaHapTu3anHn (AHOP®) — HOPMATEPM sxmouae TCPMHHBI, yCTaHOBeHHBIe :bpanuys: CKUMH TepMHHOJOPH4eCKHMH CHATaapTaMH; TepMHHBI, comepxallueca B Tep- ? B inkmann K. H. Use he o TEAM Te minology Da a Bank o he Te minol- ogy Wo k he o Deu sches Ins i u ii No mung. In o e m Se ies 6. MiinchenNew Yo kLondonPa is, 1981, p. 444. * The TERMDOK sys em. TNC, 1978,— 45 p. 48 MHHOJIOPHYCCKUX MPHAOMKeHHAX K MPOMBIMIMCHHBIM CHapTaM, a TakeTa B Mew AyHapOAHEIx c ansap ax HCO epmunb wa onpezenenua‘. wu Bank epMunoso uyeckux annbix TEPM, xo opsiii co3zgae ca B pamkax B3aHMOCBA3AHHBIX OaHKOB aHHEIx UucTu y a no c aHmapTusauun OPT, Tak#Ke HOCHT HOPMATHBHBI XTepapak, T. e. BKMIOYaeT TOABKO cTaHsapTHs0- BaHHYy!0 TEpMHHOJO HIO. Takue OaHku TepHos,, KakMu TEAM qupMs Cumenc, Pexepanpuo o yipaBjleHua M0 BompocaM a3bIKosHanua (MPL), TEPMUYM u TEPMHHOK (Kanaga), TEPMJ[OK (Llseuusa) u pan APYTHX, He ABAIOTCA MOMHOCTHIO HOPMATHBHEIMH H COjlepxKaT He TOKO CHLapTusoBaTaHHyio TepMHHOAO MO. Tlos omy HadopMauns, BbiqaBaemaa uM, ABAAeTCA JOCTOBepHOTi (c TOUKH SPpeHHA ee OKYMeHTaNbHOCTH), HO He Bce a yc aHaBMBae opunHabHy10 TpeANOUTHTeMbHOCTh ynOTpeONeHHA TOTO HM HHOTO TepMuHa. B mpouecce bopmuposanua 6a3 ,aHEIx STUX OaHKOB cnhewuanuc H one- HHBaloT> KaxKbIii TepMHH MH NpHCBaHBaloT eMy TaK Ha3. <BecOBOl HHAeKC>. Hanp., Oalke 8 epmunono nyeckux aHHbIx MoupeasscKo o yHupepcu e a BecoBol HHAeKc 0 osHayaeT, 4TO aHHbIii TepMHH HeNpHemaem AA yno pe6- ‘JeHuA, | — BO3MOAHOCTh HCNOAb30BaHHA TepHAMU COMHUTeAbHa, 2 — TepMuH MOXKET ObITb HCHONb3- 0BaH, 3 TepMHH CTaHAapTHsoBaH. Ilo coc aBy ASHIKOB BEIZeAIOTCA OaHKH: OMHOMSbIIHBIe, T. €. TAKHE, B KO- TOPHIX BCe QICMCHTLI AHHEIX TePMHHOMOFHYeCKOH cTaTbH NpescTaBseHH TOJbKO Ha OAHOM s3bIKe (Hamp., 6aHK Heomo H3MoB BO MpaHuHN BKMOUAeT TEPMHOMOFHYeCKy!IO HOPMallMioHP TOAbKO Ha paHlysCKOM s3bIKe); 4a- CTHYHO ABY- MW MHOFOSSBIYHBIe, T. €. TAaKHe, B KOTOPEIX IIPHBOAATCA 9KHBa- JeHTHEIe TEPMHHI (a HHO Ja HW ONpeAeNeHHA, H PAX APy ux 91eMeHTOB Tep- MHHOJIO HYeCKHX JaHHEIX) Ha H€CKOADKHX A3bIKax. K uncay TakHx 6aHKOB o Hocu ca TEAM, 6a3a JaHBIX KOTOPO O BKIOUaeT KpOMe TepMHHa H OMpe- HEMAIOULHX CFO IEMJICHTOB aHHBIX Ha HEMCIKOM A3HIKe Tak2Ke TEPMHHEI (a HHO a H ONpeyeneHua) Ha aHTaHiicKoM, (@paHuy3cKoM, HCnaHCKOM, HTaJIbAH- CKOM, pyCCKOM owWIaHACKoM H a3bikax. Bank EBPOXMKAYTOM sxaoua- eT TePMHHOJO HIo Ha aHYJHiicKOM, H€MeIKOM, JaTCKOM, (ppaHily3cKoM, HTAJIbAHCKOM H TOMaHICKOM/ A3bIKaX; NOMHOCTbio ABys3bIMHEI OaHKU Tep- MHHOB. TakHMH ABJIAIOTCA GaHKH TepMHHOB Kanajibl, KOTOpble B CHJIy JeMO pacbH4ecKkH- Xx OCOGeCHHOCTEM ABAAIOTCA NOMHOCTHIO aHTO-ppaHUy3CKuMK, T. €. KaxKad TepMHHO/O MuecKad CTaTbA B HX 6a3e€ MaHBIX COCTOHT H3 ZBYyX HCHTHYHEIX OOKOB: Ha aHIHHCKOM H (paHIly3CKOM ASbIKaX. Ilenb MHo ux 6aHKOB TepMHHOB — OKa3aHHe NOMIM, B IepBy!0 O4epeyb, nepesoqunkam. K uney Takux 6aHKoB MoxHO o nec a TEAM JIuu suc u- yeckoli c yxK6nl bupMu <Cumenc (PPT), EBPOJMKAYTOM Esponei- _ Ko o 3koHOMHYeCKO O coobmlecTBa (JlioKcem6yp ), TEPMHYM Moxpeaascko o yHusepcuTe a (B HacTosiee BpeMA OpumHabHbI Oak TepMHHOB 4Lau en J. La banque au oma i- sée de données e minolo- giques de lAFNOR NORMATE- RM.Cou i- e de la No malisa- ion, 1979, N 245, p. 4651. 4 Udsak. N . 1007 49 HpaBu empe Ba Kanan), TEPMMHOK — 6aux TePMHHOB mpoBuHuHH Kpe- 6ex (Kanaga), TAPTET 6anx yuuBepcu e a Kapne u-Moason (CIA). Oxuoii us 3aya4 co3 aBaemo o Ganka TeXHHYCCKUX TepMuHOB BeauKoOpu- TaHHM ABAAETCH KOHTPOMb 3a NpaBHA_HOCTHIO yno peOseHHA an aniicKux TEPMHHOB, BKJNOYCHHEIX B y2ke jlelicTByloMMe TepMuHOMO HYecKHe GaHKH (Hanp., [Ipeyuu, PL). K uncay sanay, pemaempix c nomompio 6anka TEAM bupms <Cumeuc, OTHOCHTCH H eKCHKO paduueckas pabo a nom o oBKa — u H3qaHHe pasnuy- HBIX cyloBapeli. Jax o o ucnompsye ca (boTonabopHoe yc polic so AWMTMCET. Texnomo uyeckuli mponece aBTOMATH3HPOBaHHOl nos, oTOBKH clOBapei MoxeT ObITb Mpexc aBien caexyiouum o6pasom: BEI6op onpegenenno o MHOXe€CTBa TeEPMHHOB H3 aBTOMATH3HPOBaHHOl Gasbi TePMHHOMO MyecKHX AaHBIX; COPTHPOBKa H NpeycTaBNenHe aHHEIx opme, B o6n4HOk naa cno- Bapeli; NOATOTOBKa cTpaHHUE HaOopa (T. e. Kanpa do onmenku c TeKCTOM, CBePCTaHHBIM B (OpMEI, OObIUHEIe Aa cloBapel), THpaxupoBanue. Ipeumymec samu Mammunn x COBapeli ABIACTCA SKOHOMHOE, c TOUKY 3pe- HHA MECTA, PasMelileHHe HakONeHHO! HH@OpMalHH; BO3MOxHOCTH 6nIcTpoii akTyaTH3allHH MaCCHBa H, BCJeCTBHe S3TOFO, MaKCHMaJIbHaa ollepaTHBHOCTD B MOATOTOBKE COOTBETCTBYIOMAX COBpeMeHHOMY ypoBHio cOBapeli; onepa- THBHAA NOATOTOBKA CIOBapeli c pasIMYHBIM HAGOPOM SeMeHTOR RaHBIX. B Cose ckom Coiwse umee cs HeckombKo 6aHKOB TePMHHOB. OHH H3 HHX (byHKmHouNpye Bo BcecowosHom Hay4HO-HCCeNOBaTeIbCKOM HHCTHTYTe TexX- HBYeCKOH uNpopMaluH, KnaccupaKanun u koqupoBanua (BHMMKM) TLoccTaHap asTo ABTOMaTH3HpoBaHHasa cucTema H@H)OpMalHOHHO-TepMuHO- wo muecko o OOcayxuBaHua (ACHTO), KOTOpOM p akKYMYJIMpoBaHb [aH- Hble MO CTaHapTH30BaHHOH TepMuHONO MH. OCHOBHBIMH 3aa4aMH 93TOI CH: CTeMBI ABJIACTCH MOBbIMeHHe sdeKTUBHOCTH BHeLpeHHA cTaHlapTH30BaH- HBIX TEPMHHOB, ON€paTHBHOCTH H KayecTBa HH) OpMallHOHHO-TepMuHOsO H4e- cKo o oGecneyeHua HapogHo o xossiic Ba, comelicTBHe B3aHMOCO MacoBaHHIo paspaOaTHIBaeMEIx H CTaH/apTusyeMbIx TepMuHoso uii, peanusayna o6a3a- Teapc s CCCP 8 HCO, M3K, MO3M, EOKK u APy ux MexyHapogxHylx Op aHH3allMaAx IIpH MOA OTOBKe pyccKHX BepcHii MexKAyHApOAHBIX TepMHHO- NOTHYECKHX CTAHapTOB H csloBapel . ACHTO paspa6o ana na 6a3e ouNa TepMuHOAO H4ecKHx AOKYMeHTOB u CucTeMbI Py4HEIX OnONHO padMyeckux Hu TepMHHOMO HYeCKHX KapTouex Cupa- BouHO O OaHKa TepMuHos (CBT) BHMMKH. ACHTO — paspusa omasca cuc ema. Ileppas ouepenp s oi cuc emp ACHTO-1 ¢ 1981 T . HaxOquTca B MPOMBILINeCHHOH SKIyaTanuH, OAHOBpeMeHHO BesyTCH paOo si m0 coBep- TICTBOBAHHIOHC H MOMe€pHH3al HH cHCTeMbIcosqanHio ACHTO-2. B ACHTO-2 naanupye ca pacilupeHHe cocTaBa oOpaOaTbIBaembIx JOKyMeH- TOB H SJ€MeHTOB JaHBIX, PeaJM3alHA HOBbIX BHOB NoucKa, Hallp., 10 ompe- AC1CHHAM, PaculMpeHHe HaOopa BEIXOAHEIX opM HT. 2. 50 B ACHTO-1 o6pa6a niBaw ca panupie 13 ocyMapCcTBeHHbIX CTaH/apTos, cTaHgap os COB u HCO epmuuni na onpexenecnua. u Kak u B Apy ux aB- TOMATH3HPOBAHHbIX TepMHHOMOTH4eCKUX CHCTeMaX, OCHOBHOM exHuHHUel xpa- HeHHA ABACTCA TEPMHHONOPHYeCKaA CTaThA C HAaGOPOM 3/1eMeHTOB JaHELX, cowepKaulyx TEPMHHONO MyecKyio H OHOHO paduyeckyio HHopManMO O KOHKPeTHOM CHJlapTH3OBaTaHHOM TepMuHe. B ACHTO-1 kaxyaa Tepmunono uueckaa cTaTba BKMONaeT 3Ba maHEli — cTaHapTHSOBaHHBI TepMHH; JONyCTHMBIe H HeONyCTHMBIe CHHOHHMBI cTaHapTH3OBaHHO O TepMHHa; KpaTKyi0 (bopmy (JI TepMHHOB-cmoBOCOYe- TaHii); SKBBaJIeHT! CHAapTH3s0BaTaHHO o TepMMHa Ha aH aHiicKOM, He- MeIIKOM H )paHIly3cKoM s#3bIKax; ONpeyleseHue NOHATHS; OyKBeHHEIe 0603Ha- 4eHHA BeJHYH; OOO3HAYeHHeE H HaMMEHOBaHHe cTaHapTa, KOTOPHIM ycTa- HOB€H TEPMHH; HOMe€p TepMHHAa B CTaH apTe; AaTy yTBepxAeHHA H BBEse- HHA B Aelic BHe cTaHapTa; KaccHuKalHOHHEIi KOA cTaHjap a. Bce o B aBTOMATH3HpOBaHHOH Oase WanHHIxX ACMTO-1 npegc asneno oKono 70 THC. TePMHHOMOFHyecKHX CTaTeli. IIpo pammubie cpeac Ba oOecneynBaio Begendue BJ u pasmuuuple BHAI no cKa. OcHoOBHO Bu MOouCcKa — AMado oBblli, c McMOMD3OBaHHeM AucTeR. Tlo ck MoxeT OcyllecTBAATHCA 10 MOOLIM IIeMeHTaM JaHbIX TepMHHOMO HU- yecKOH CTaTbH HM UX CO eTAaHHAM. Peamu30BaHa BO3MOXHOCTb MOMCKa c yye- TOM CJIOBOHSMCHHTeIbHBIX BapHaHTOB COB H CHHTaKCH¥YeCKHX BapHaHTOB cnopocoye anui. IIpezycmo peHa BO3MOXHOCTh NOHCKa MH BbILayH HHpop- MAllHH IPH HeNMOJHOM JeCHYeCKOM COBMaeHHH 3alpoca c TepMHHOM, BBe- NeHBIM B CHCTeMY, a TakxKe yCeyeHHi KOHWOB COBO bopM 3ampoca. Tak, npH HaJIMuHH B OaHKe TepMHHa OucKpeTHan CAY4a HaA NOCAeEOOGATEASHOCTH HH- (opMaliua O HeM JOUKHA GIThOb BbIaHa H B TOM CJ¥lyae, ECM B 3ampoce 6yme py o nopazoK TepMHHOSeMeHTOB: cAydadHaA OucKpeTNan nocseOosa enoxocT- s. TouHO TakxKe HHO OKOHYAHHe TEPMHHA B 3ampoce Mo cpaB- HeHHIO C OKOHYaHHeM TepMHHa, Mpexc aBienHo o B ACHTO, ne jomxKHO BAHATb Ha MOMHOTY OTBeTa. TakHM OO6pa30M, CHCTeMa MOSBOA€T BBOJHTb 3allpoc Ha €CTECTBEHHOM ASbIKe 6e3 NABpeapHTebHO O UHAeKCHPOBaHAA, La- €T BOSMOKHOCTh OPaHHYHTh MOHCK OMpezeMeHHO MMeTHOHpea OG6. IacTHIO, 3ajaBaTb KaTe opHlO HOPMATHBHO-TeXHHYeCKHX OKYMeHTOB HM Apy e mapame - psi. CucTeMa no3BOAeT MOATOTABAMBATh pasJIMYHble yKasaTeJH: CBOAHBIe cHcTeMaTHYecKHe, npocTbe Hu nepMyTalHoHHbe (THIa KWOC), no xka e o- PHAM HOPMATHBHO-TeXHHYECKHX JOKYMEHTOB, TEPMHHOB Ha PYCCKOM ASbIKe H HHOASHIYHBIX SKBUJICHTOB H Ip. TIpexycmo peHa BO3MOXHOCTh OOMeHA HOPHPMal ell Ha Ma HUTHBIX JeH- TaX Ha OCHOBe eMHHO O KOMMYHHKAaTHBHOTO (MaopTa Jaa TepMHHONO HYe- CKHX JaHBIX, CTpyKTypa KOTOpo o yHHuNHpOBaHa Cc KOMMYHHKaTHBHHIM bopMaToM 6H6nHO paduyeckuX. MaHbIX B COOTBETCTBHH C MeXKAYHAPOAHBIM c angap om MCO 2709, a comepxanue cooTBeTcTByeT mpoekTy opma a 51 MATER (ISO 6156). Monssopa ea cuc emn MoxeT nO ly4¥aTb Ha MAa HHT- Holi JleHTe KaK BeCb MACCHB CTaHTHSOBaHHO! TepMHHOMO HH, Tak e o H 4aCTb B COOTBETCTBHH C 3ampocom. TepmuHono uyeckuii Gank ACHTO ucnonpsye ca ana HH(OpManHOHHO= TepMHHOMO HyeCKO O OOCIY%KHBAHHA HAayYHO-HCCMeLOBATebCKHX H IIPOeKT- HO-KOHCTPYKTOPCKUX Op aHusalHii, H3aTeNbCTB, MPOMPILIICHALIX NpeAUpHs- Tui (B HacTosijee Bpema ACHTO o6cayxupae 400 KonneKTHBHEIx a6oHeH- TOB); O6MeHa HHOpManel c Gankamu TePMHHOB (KaK BHYTpH CTPaHBI, TaK sapyOexHBIMH) HC ; NOATOTOBKH CTHCTHKO-aTaHTHYeCKHX aHHBIX O CTaHTHapsoBa- HHol TepMuHOVIO HH. Yau EiBaa, YTO KOMMYeCTBO GaHKOB TepMHHOB, 6e3 cOMHeHHA, 6yneT yBe- JHYHBATECA, HEOOXOMHMO paspaboTaTb WemeByiO KOMMeKCHy!0 Mpo pamMy cosqaHHA Ole OlocyapcTBeHHOli CHCTeMbI TePMHHONO H4eCKHX 6aHKOB, KO- TOpad BKOYa a ObI, HapsALy c OAHKAMH CHLTaapTH3OBaHHBIX TEpMHHOB, TaK- 2 H OaHKu eHKeHHI- L. HeTaECHapTH3OBa- HHBIX JICKCHUCCKHX Cuc ema TepmuHowo mueckux 6aHKOB NOMKHa GIThOb CHOCOOHa BEINOMHATh YHKUMIO MexKHAalMOHATbHO TepMuHONO MYeCKOH cny*KODI, apaHTupyiomlel TOYHOCTh H CTpO ocTh TepMHHOYNOTpeONeHHA BO BCeX JOKYMeHTAaX B Hay4HOHCCJI€LOBATebCKO- M, aNMHHHCTpaTHBHO-yipaBsJ- IeHYeCKOM, OOULeCTBEHHO-HCTO- PuYeCKOM, KYJbTYPHO-HCTOpH¥ecKOM aCMeKTaX, OXBaTHIBaTb BCe OTpacaH HayKH H TeXHHKY H BKJIOYATh pyCCKHe TePMHHbI H HHOASHIGHBIe (MH HallHo- HaJIbHBIe) SKBHBaICHTH, YNOTpeOMAeMble B TepMHHOMOTH4eCKHX CHCTeMaXx HallMOHAMIbHbIX ASLIKOB COIO3HBIX pecnyOJHK H B MexKAyHaposHOM npodec- CHAJIbHOM OO6INeHHH. O6mie ocy apcTBeHHaa cucTeMa BCex TepMHHOWIO H4eCKHX 6aHKOB, BHUIM- MO, AOJDKHA BKUO4YaTb OaHK (HH OaHKH) TepMHHOB dyHAaMeHTaJbHBIX Ha- YK, OaHkH OOLjeTeXHHUeCKUX H OTPacmeBLIX TepMHHOB, 6aHKH TePMHHOB Ha HalMOHANb- HBIX ASHIKAX COIO3HBIX peciyOuHK. Hasnume yxke B HacTosiee Bpema GombuIO o YMCA GaHKOB TepMHHOB, B KOTOpbIX XPaHeHHe, OOpaboTKa u BbIada TepMHHOO HYeCKO HHOpMalHH OcyllecTBIAeTCA C MOMIbIO DBM, noc apuso npoOsemy ux B3aHMOselicT- BHA, Op aH 3alluu OOMeHa Mey HUM TEPMHHOJO H4eCcKHMU WaHbImu. Co- _ 34aHHe MeKyHapOAHOH CeTH B3aHMOCBA3A@HHEIX 6aHKOB TepMHHOB — CHc em- p TEPMHET ogna us 3agau Vndo epma. Jaa peanusanun s oi 3a- Aaiw BeeTcA paspaOoTKa MexAyHapOAHO O KOMMYHHKaTHBHO O copma a AA OOMeHa TepMuHONO MYeCKOH HHpopMaluell Ha Ma HTHEIx HOCHTeIAX. O y paOo y B Te eHHe psa eT BeseT cHelMaIbHO cosqaHHad B paMKax MCOTK/ 37 <Tepmunono us. Tpuauunsi u Koopauna paGo aa pynna 4 (PI 4) Mcnonpsopanne cpeqc s BbluHCAMTeNbHOl TeXHAKH B TepMHHOMO- THH H JleKcuko paduu>. I oH paboueli pynmo% nog oToBeH npoeKT mex- AyHapowHo o c angap a 6156 opma Aaa oOMeHa TepMuHHOmO MyecKHMH AaHbIMH Ha Ma HuTHOli eHTe (coKpameHHo d@opma MATER). Llenp paspaOo Ku sTo o c aHjapTaycTanoBnenue T6peoBaHnii K opma y paAKy 4 10- 52 pasMelleHHA aHHbIX Ha Ma HHTHBIX HOCHTeNAX. NpeqHasHayeH WA o6MeHa OHO-H MHO oOs3bIy- HOH TepMuHONO - M4ecKOh HHpopMaunHel 5, @akT MOBCeMeCTH- OTO paciipocTpaHe- HHA TepMUHOWO - H4YeCKHX GaHKOB oBOpu oO mHo om. BTos iel c aTbe 1aHO TOJbKO camMoe OOulee npescTaBneH- He O TEPMMHOMO - H4eCKHX OaHKax, O MHPOBOMMH TepHOO HYeC- KOH ceTH, KOTO HAXOAHTCA B B CTAHM. CO3qaHHA. VWu epec k 6ankKam TepMuHOB, Kak yKe OTMe4AIOCh, MpOABAIOT 3a pyGe- %KOM He TOJbKO CJIyKObI CTaHLapTu3al- lHH HM HHOPMALHOH- HBIe WeHTPH, HO H MIpaBUTebCT- BEHHHe yUpexeHuA H KpHynble dupmbl. B cosqanHe 6aHKOB TeEPMHHOB BKMaLbIBAIOT- CA 3HAYHTEIbHbIe Cpe sCcTBa. STO OObACHHETCA TEM, YTO TEPMHHOMO- TH PUKCHpyIOT COBpeMeHHB- IM ypoBeHb Hay4dHo o H TeXHHYeCKO- O 3HaHHA. JlaibHelilliee pasBHTHe HaykK, Hay4Had KOMMYHHKall- us, BONPOCH ocyapcTBeH- HO O MlaHHpOBaHH- A, CTaTHCTHYec- Ko o y4eTa, polecca npenOsaBanu- A, HHOPMAaHHAA Je€ATE NObBOHOCTD HeBOSMOXKH- MI 6€3 NHCHATH BCEHHE, WHOHHABO OMHMHKO@C- MBIX TEPMHHOPHO- TH, HOME TYP HOK, HOK H3HELHi, HILKHIX O603HAYCHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHHHHHH- HHHHHH H. Kommyxuxa u- sanii dopma ana o6mena TePMHHOMOP- HVeCKHMH aHHHIMH Ha Ma HHTHOH MewTe.HayyHo-TexHHyecKaaMH TepHONO HA, 1980, Ne 9, c. 2224.