Recenzija – kritikos alfa

IN LITHUANIAN LANGUAGES SANDAROS STUDIES LIETUVIY KALBOTYROS QUESTION- S, XXVI (1987) KAZIMIERAS AMBRASAS-SASNAVA A REVIEW—ALPHA OF CRITICISM By co ec ing he J. language ne de ec s, he Baléikonis gene a ion has my ouched on a ious e b diso de s. Now, le 's say, e iewing L. Valkiino i& g aiky k. e s a knyga?, ge okai pakedena nema7Za leksiniy nesklandumy, linksniy ki y i klaidy?. Ne one ime o i you sel The au ho o his a icle had o blush hinking i abou kédés si Za ijy po o, when he p o esso , al eady lying in bed wi h a se ious illness, ook my ansla ed book, calmly, slowly and slowly e ased wo ds, sayings, sen ences ha did no sui he as e, he i spi i o he language, he equi emen s o he na i e language. jo i No cu - ‘so I didn' da e o say a wo d o a demanding e iewe , — shaking my head, bu I ag eed wi h e e y hing. This cons an a en ion o he ne p o esso o he o iginal, bu no o i he ansla ion ZodZiui encou ag- ed some a éiau Z ilg e é i i miisy e s iniy book ecen- Zijas, which Today some imes (o some ansla io- n, e en i excellen wo k emains no e en i such an e alua ion- !) Bina ienin elé p oga susipažin i su This is c i ical. Say in he p ess. Ne so long ago R. Gamza o a- 's ace: ,,T ansla ion is — no c ea ed only by hands, soul, hea , i be equi es hea , be indi iduali y’’. This is o ka say abou he wo ks o c i icism, i s o all o abou he — e iew. This equi es double a en ion, o dis inc indi iduali y. i A e all, in a sense In his case, he wo k o one, bu ne se e al pe sons pa icipa ing in he — communica i- on p ocess is e alua ed: he — au ho , he ansla o , he edi o and i o he s. So in eali y: i8 wha is ha missy ansla ion book e iew? Ve s iné li e a u e can be analyzed and e alua ed in a ious ways. i A schola ly a c i ic can ja examine li e a u e om a a pu ely linguis ic, semio ic s uc u al a posi ion. [home c i ical analysis o galle ies belonging o a philosophical aspec : iSlaiky a, a kime, iloso inė koncepcija®. a Li e a y: accu a ely ep oduced images o he o iginal, pe sonaZy a cha ac e is ics, he whole mood o he au ho , he au ho 's indi idual s yle, wo ld iew®. Each e iewe can ind such a way o e alua ing, ku1 Longas. Da nis and Chloé /I8 G eek ansla ion by L. Valkiinas. —V., 1958. jo —191 p. 2 Baléikonis J. Selec ed wo ks. V., 1978, ol. 1, pp. 331-332. 3 Especially ca e ully and me iculously J. Baléikonis unde lined wi h a pencil and he himsel in owels in many wo ds »sapy i lapy« indica ed Dz. In Da el’s book, “The O e loaded Ship” (Ve é K. Amb asas. —V., 1967). I 's a pi y ha I didn' w i e hose co ec ions a he ime and I los he book he ga e me wi h hose co ec ions somewhe e. Now hey a e an in aluable easu e and an ob ious memo y o a disce ning e iewe . 4 Tams3a os P. Bs coxue 3ne3a1. —Jim epa ypnaa a3se a, 1983, 24 ap . 5 P us as M. A he End o Los Time. S ano's hal . —V., 1979. ®* Dan é A. The Di ine Comedy. A hai d esse . —V., 1970. 83 Those, I jo unde s an- d, a e he a mos ele an o one ansla ion a e ano he . U# a i in maga I would like i o see w i e s who a e jus p epa ed o such a job. In he e iew ,,F om he las day“? eade is su ounded by gi Ame ican no elémis®, He e we wan su o emphasize as much as possible, mo e objec i ely he p inciples o selec ion, which he compile o he collec ion L. In a b oade con ex , o look a he no els o iS e s yji in e ms o i hei idea- hema ic alloca ion, o iden i y hei essen ial ea u es. ju Ux a abou he quali y o he ansla ion a a is ic Ju alue allNo men ioned. J, Kuneiin w i es abou T. Ce aus- kas ansla - ed book®. I§ 186 e ses only i e a e o ansla - ion: »I emains o be said ha he ansla o su deal beau i ully wi h he di icul ansla ion T. Ce auskas, who had o deal wi h bo h s yle di e si y and di e en ia ed su ocabula y, ick wi h abundan su e minology.” su I8 ies maybe one ne eade will be in e es ed o know some o he no el ne au ho 's biog aphy ac s, b ie The con en o his wo k, cha ac e cha ac e i- s ics, he idea o he wo k. Rasi These e ses will sa is y i hose eade s who Those be o e a ew dozen cen u ies In i "Li e a ii oje mene" he w o e: No one. »Pe galéje« p in ed e iews o new ea hly books did no go in o de ail, no did hey sp ead he imp essions y ha we, o dina y eade s, ecei ed immedia ely a e eading he book. i We knew almos no hing abou he au ho s, abou he place o he w i e in So ie li e a u e, abou he a is ic alue o he book. I is clea ha nei he he edi o s no he e iewe s aim o gi e a deepe , mo e se ious examina ion o he new ansla ed book. Jimo. I8 y Sal y, in an indi e en one, w o e a e iew ha didn' i e en unde s and he con en o he book, i seems ha i was abou ansla ed books "The hi d ime in he 3 d di ision". le Which di ec ion wen Re iews o his way in h ee decades? du E alua ing la iy s o ies", e iewe axo: »how he is su sa is ied wi h he iIns an ane- — a ous disposi ion i You' e been a excused, you' e el com o abl- e, you' e been wise. po La ia su wi h he hough s, Zmonémis i bisenomis, a you we e hinde ed by p o essio- nal poZi iu ?“12 In almos h ee On he pages o he jou nal These ques ions i a e being asked. I a he bo om o he page was no iSna¥os, i he publishi- ng house iSpausdi- nimas, bii y one can hink ha Gia o iginal book because he au ho e en pa io ZodZio ,. e imas“ did no men ion Cia sug e inami la i8ki i lie u iSkieji ki iniai, emos i p oblemos, pab éziamos idomesnés min ys, paminimi a ankos p i alumai i silpnybés, keliais In wo ds desc ibes Li huanian i li e a u e and he impo an- ce o he pas wo k. Today, Li huanian pe iodicals almos di e en ia e i he ba s o hei ac i i y: »New books » P omo es i ad e ising miisy publishing house p oduc ion,- i ,,Li e a i a menas“ su ,,Pe gale“ looks o hema ic-ideological-c - i ja i ical posi ions, o ansla ed books pe haps only occasionally I 's such a language ,,ka ¥ykla“ es i "Misy in he Speech". 7 Pig. Kuosai e-Ja¥inskiene EB, F om i8 aky ill oday. — Pe galé, 1981, no. 7, p. 176-178, ® Ame ican no elis . — V., 1980, 520 p. * Kunéginas J. Be ween eali y i and ic ion. — Pe galé, 1981, no. 3, p. 178—179 (Rec. : Ande Sas A. Win e spel . — V., 1980, 419 p.) * K asauskas V., Ju idici y J. Se ious e iew o a ansla ion book. — Li e a ū- i a i menas, 1950, dec. 10. 1 G een illusions bu és. — V.37,1983, ‘517, 2 Apu is J. Amalas On he La ian side. — Pe galé, 1983, no. 8, p. 182—184, 84 Howe e , cons an c i ical, objec i e, dese ed, objec i e e alua ion, a en i e Fo he ansla io- né ns o he book, one newspape Zu nalas neski ia. Bu now, a e eading some book o o iginal li e a y c i icism, you eel like you a e compa ing a e iew o a ansla ed ja su book. Analyzing he li e a y p ocesses, he o iginal wo ks’ na a i e u ns, he e appea in e es ing assump ions, meaning ul compa isons, easonable and bold in oduc ion- s, ob ious indica o s o i li e a y g ow h, a is ic in e p e a i- ons o essen ial ai s, gene aliza io- ns o hough abs ac ion, ligh ness, he analy ical i compac ness o syn he ici y. i ko A e all, jus Gia ig ySkéja e iewe 's ho izon, opinion, in elligence i . .1° A o ally di e e- n i posi is e s ing book: A pinch o biog aphical ac s, a sec ion o he plo , a piece o cha ac e composi ion analysis, and i i we add he place o he o cha ac e in he de elopmen o li e a u e, he idea-a is ic con en o li e a y ela ionships a in he no el, his is he whole ampli ude o — he e iew. i All his, o cou se, is necessa y, maybe some imes e en in e es ing, bu yea s, deCen u y deCen u y ix should no be epea ed. i§ io o In ac , i appea s o be i wo h i s pu pose and pu pose in he e iew. Vienna is okiy — J. Lebedzio Iodine abou Donelaicio ,,Me u“ ansla - i ion in o Ge man". IS ip as iniy adi ional, s anda d e iew is dis inguished ji by speci ici y and de ail. i He e b ie ly, bu accu a ely old he his o y o he Ki in ansla ion, men ioned objec i ely e alua ed i p e ious ,,Me u“ ansla ions, i8dés omas heo e ical ansla o ’s posi ion on he p inciples j o i j ansla ion. ,,A is ic di e si y, i nex o accu acy, is Budenzig’s mos — impo an pu sui ,” he echnocen - — is admi ed. He clea ly poin s ou he p oblem o adequacy: no one line is omi ed, he na ional speci ici y o he o iginal is né p ese ed, he au ho ’s indi iduali y, a lo o pic o ial e bs, he idea- hema ic con en is qui e pe ec ly exp essed, he cha ac e is ics o he pony, he mos p ominen ea u es o Donelai is’ language. Essen ial i laws a e no missing: he ly icism o he o iginal is no main ained, ne he e a e some p osodical impe ec i- ons, i hype bolic compa a i- e inaccu acie- s, especially lexical, seman ic, i co ec i e and o he e o s. This, o cou se, is no he ideal o a e iew, bu i is al eady a se ious e alua ion o he ansla ed book, compa able in alue o ano he simila e iew su abou »Faus o“ e ima’®. Ji begins wi h ne lie u i8kojo, bu la iSkojo Faus o's jou ney begins. I is immedia ely appa en ha he e iewe ne Anyways quick sa is y he smalsy eade , see o ki inj mo e: i 8i show, kodél Gé és’s wo ks a e mo e widely ead han hose in La ian, Russian, Uk ainian, Finnish, A menian, Geo gian, Se bian and o he languages. i He e a e ca e ully examined he i s ansla ion changes, c i ics' opinions, he in luence o he Ge man poe on Li huanian au ho s, e en he p e aces, dél which he ansla o i A. Chu gin's g ea p o essional wo k o iu se e al decades was no da ed o be e alua ed objec i ely. | e ima V. Kubilius I looks p oblema i'kai. The e iewe is no sa is ied wi h he one-sided %* Zala o ius A. Menan Bo u os hink. — Pe galé, 1981, no. 4, p. 167-171; Gi dzija- uskas J. B andi's heo e i- cal — hough - 1981, s, Pe galé, No. 6, p. 167—171. * Lebedys J. New K. Donelai io ,,Me y“ ansla - j ion in o Ge man. — Pe galé, 1966 no. 10, p. 120—129; Li huanian S udies in Ba s. — V., 1972, p. 48—61. * Kubilius V. ,,Faus “ is a elling j Li huania. — Pe galé, 1980, no. 3, p. 133-154; Mee ing su J. V. Ge . — Kn. : The p ocess o i Li huanian li e a y wo ld li e a u e. V., 1983, p. 220- 256. 85 inimu, o j ansla - ionSea - ch all A. The ampli udes, moods, ly icism o Chu gin’s o iginal poe ic ,,a3“ is he scale a ea o i. Thus, i is one o he mos ui ul, bu a he same ime he i mos di icul me hod o ansla ion analysis, which we i o en ind in e iews and e en ne monog aph- s?®. V. Kubilius, looking back on he i p e ious A. Chu gino ansla ions, accu a ely i and ca e ully e alua es he p o essional- ly pe o med wo ks: al hough hey a e done by a alen ed pe sonali y o g ea expe ience, phenomenal i memo y, bu he ansla o has always ne succeeded in keeping he indi idual pe sonage's hinking, con eying he psychology, in ellec ual ension in he ac , in some places oo much oughness o Mephis ophel- es, Ma ga i a's so ness, o "shaking" he h oa Zodis. In he opinion o he iS e iewe , canonisky k an y iSeina e en he main lei mo i s o philosophical poe y, in — Li huanian,,- Faus “ Na u ali y, d ama, simplici y o spoken Ge man. T ansla ion Zenklus classical poe y mode n i The s amp o Eu opean ly ical hough . Combining wo g ea poe ic pe sonali i- es — Adomo Micke i iaus i V. Mykolaigio-Pu- ino ki yba, — sa i ai, lakiai ka u iš inkiai is pa aSiusi i ecenzija I. Kos ke iäii y"”. The sensi i e i souls o he well-in o m- ed e iewe s managed o p esen on one page he di e enc- es o wo poe ic pe sonali i- es in e ms o ansla ion. This does no i in e e e i wi h he example, adequacy o i he p oblem o conside a ion, speci ic analysis, as Pu in has succeeded in balancing Micke icius's kii inis. P obably no many can so sub le, li e a y, sensi i e oge he analyze some ca e ully, e alua e g ea alen i ki yba. Maybe ne e e ybody will succeed in w i ing as J. Lebedys, V. Kubilius a I. Kos ke i- ci é. Only i s o all i is necessa- y o ememb- e ha he La in k. Zodis e iew e alua ion, — e iew, e i ica ion. Thus, in a e iew, hey a e mos ly conce ned wi h he ne ac s, commen s, bu no wi h he e alua ion, c i icism. Sio The c i ical wo k o Zan o is wo h a conside able a ie y. Do no hold o e enough me y nusis o éjusiy o e ic o iously i Zingsniuojanciu pe sa ai a’ iy i The jou nals con ained b igh pages, a a e iniy posakiu, unc i ical c i e ia. How o si &eky p o esso i miusy li e a ii os j éeky language ansla o E. Pa olekas, bii y wo h looking a , e éjas is a iSsiaiSkines ,,wha aes he ic and e hical i e alua ion o modeled eali y we ind in he au ho ’s wo k. Ka he lo es i ko neken¢ia, ka aukS ina kaip g o%j i ka aes he ically disc edi s, o o which is indi e en . Some imes he au ho himsel commen s and i speaks openly abou his iews, bu mos o en he does so indi ec ly, wi h conjec u es.” Come on. This simula ed eali y is called he key o he c a , o he s — mood, o he s — spi i o he c a . IX In essence, as he a o emen io- ned schola poin s ou , in o de o eel he au ho 's adically i di e en posi ion in eali y, i is j no necessa y o s udy sc upulously nei he he manusc ip s, no he memoi s, no he le e s o he han a he a chi e ma e ial o he au ho , he poe . These signals can be ound in he ex i sel : a ious epi he s, combining incompa ible signs, epea ing lei mo i s, many o he de ails, i in e nal emo ional, mo al, aes he ic e alua i e signals. i ** E uasapsu A. los u nephew. — Epesan, 1979. * Cos s I. Pu in i Adam Micke i ius. — Li e a a a i menas, aug. 1969 23.(Rec.:) Mykolai is-Pu inas V. You ound i . — V., 1968, . 9. * Passwo ds E. E oca ion o he Wo ld A is ic Model in T ansla ion (Abou wha is uly i8 e - Ciama). — Pe galé, 1981, no. 24, p. 148—157. 86 shows how he au ho assessed he en i onmen- , ma cha ac e s, eali y. J. In Lebedze's e iew we ind exac ly his i assessmen- : ,,Budenzigas ec ea es o he smalles nuance he olk poe y’s ea men o he wo ld, people, en i onmen and na u e. Wha is denounced and despised in i he o iginal, is espec i e- ly denounced i in he ansla ion, ying o keep he q same mode a io- n, deg ee, shade ‘!’, I a ansla o needs o ansla e in o Ge man, English, i Spanish o he language a V. Jasukai y ė’s sho s o y,,Baladé apie s o inéiaja an il o“20, is wo h eading a lo o eel i s ecu ing lei mo i s: i "I'm happy. I'm happy, I'm happy, I can epea : I'm i happy." So These epe i ions es i y ha he w i e , in he e e yday li e, pain s ig eali y oman ically, wi h some abs ac p o ics. He unde s anding o he wo ld is — no e e yday, as i de ached om bo edom, e e ydayness. This would be a i speci ic ask o he ansla o- , a key o o he c i ic’s — e iew. So ha i is no necessa- y o de ine wha Today I ha e o be a e iew o a ansla - ed book, again I need o emembe V. K asausko i V. Ju e idiii és Zodzius: ,,A se ious e iew abou a ansla ed book is needed, which e eals i he concep ual con en o i he book, he i jo meaning o he wo k, he cha ac e is ics o he hough . Requi ed The Tecenzias, w i en in he uZdeganéi s yle, pu e language, need a meSka e iew." He e you can ag ee A. Me ky ei, who, in o de o show how no o e iew a book, was o ced o w i e an en i e a icle abou one e iew™ an i ecenzija®*. — He e is one hing o be no ed: ,,Re iew should be — no only a demons a ion ne o e udi ion, wi h ingenious quo a ions eminiscen o he science o i aduc ology, bu a se ious examina ion o he o iginal and ansla ed i ex s, a conc e e analysis, and an j e o o aise he le el o gene al unde s anding“. ju i Thus, in o de o some aluable wo ks o be p ope ly e alua ed, i would be use ul o he edi o ial o ices no only o selec , bu also o ain, educa e e iewe s, o publish e iew ne compe i ions, o o ganize discussions on a i wide scale in he p ess, o use special ques ionnai es in sociology, o in es iga e: which e iews a e mos needed, which a e he mos ead i These a e he mos ele an o oday's needs. e en s o he i han hose desc ibed in you inqui y. B KHU . Ha ocHOBaH- HH u3y4eHus cTa eii FO. JIebemnca, B. KyOumoca, MW. Koc xaswuo e u Upy ux BE eu al- o es TpeGonanusd M K APYTHM CTATBAM, NOMeaeMBIM B MepHOmUKe, KOTOpBIe He OTIHYAIOTCH PasHoo6pa3HocTE1O, Hay4HOcTBIO. B c aTbe mpema ae es OcHORaTeMBHO YilyWTb Ka¥ecTBo y6TMKYeMBIX PelleHsMi, OP aHH3OBATb KOHKYpe Ha JYYIIY!O pelleH3HIo Mo NepeBo y, B couMONO HHEC- KOM ACIIeKTe HcciIeqOBATS AKTYaJIBHOCTS pelleH3ui uM Apy ue Bombocs . *® Lebedys J. New K. Donelai io ,,Me u“ ansla - j ion in o Ge man. — Kn. : Li huani- an s udies in ba s, p. 50—51. * Jasukai y hidae V. Baladé abou s anding on a b idge. — Pe galé, 1981, no. 6, p. 12—57. * Pe auskas V. P us 's side. — Pe galé, 1981, no. 4, p. 126-142. * Me ky es A. Pa h j I' e pu he p une. — Pe galé, 1981, no. 10, p. 150—160, 87