Vidžių apylinkių lietuviškos kilmės vietovardžiai

ELENA GRINAVECKIENĖ LITHUANIAN ORIGIN PLACE-NAMES IN VIDŽIŲ APYLINKIS The article attempts to establish the Lithuanian origin of most of the place-names currently in use (data from our research in 1991) in the Vidžių district (Breslau district, Vitebsk region, Belarus). Its basis consists of the small toponymy of the villages connecting with the town of Vidziai or adjacent villages (Vidziški = Vidiškiai, Laibūny = Laibūnai, Pakulnia) and the names of some villages located around the town. Vidžius 3—5 km radius. Main informants of the material —Jūnas Šnipas (b. 1933 in Laibūnai, lives in Vidiškiai), Marija Gasperov family (g. 1912 In Laukiškiai, lives in Vidiškiai), Juziūkas Šnipas (g. 1910 m. Laibiinuose, lives ir there), Stefanija Treigys (g. 1911 m. Pakulnioje, lives ir there), Cecilija Treigis (g. 1914 m. Bičiūnuose, lives ir there), Veronika Snip (g. 1935 m. In Vidiškiai, there 'and live) others. ir Jano Šnipo ir Veronika Šnip's grandparo ents, the parents of all the other submitters (mostly mothers) spoke Lithuanian. During the investigation, all the respondents spoke to each other in ir su the local Belarusian dialect, Marija Gasperovič spoke to us in Polish, and su to her children in Russian. su — Inside is a Russian teacherla su one Belarusian very small class. The town is — international, with inhabitants. 2150 According to ethnicity, the first place belongs to Belarusians, the second to Poles, the — third to Russians, the — fourth to Tatars, the — fifth to Gypsies, the — sixth to Lithuanians, the seventh — to Moldovans, the eighth to — Ukrainians. — Local Lithuanians in Vidžius did not meet, Those met were moved iš Lietuvos (maximum iš Utena's paradise. ). The Belarusian forms of place names of the investigated region are all heard from the lips of the presenters and verified iš by different generations ir of people. iš All these place names are listed su here in their variants in alphabetical order, indicating the location of each. jų Together they present jų each of us heard In Lithuanian villages of Apso district — In Bielusiškiai, Eitminiškiai, Juodelėnai, ir etc. (the spoken language of these villages 1977 ir 1991 m.) ar possible Lithuanian equivalent. Placenames are in all cases compared with related su Lithuanian placenames with ir surnames both used In Lithuania, both Apso in Lithuanian conversasu tion, in our common words. J. The Rapanovičius pronunciation of the Vitebsk Oblast Place Names Dictionary (SNVV) was used as the official forms of the place names presented ir (if available) of our recordings in local po Belarusian dialect. Of course, phonetics does not show other phonetic things jų of the Lithuanian explosive in place names, it happens that the forms of place names written in the g ir dictionary differ from our written ones. 21 One of these differences is, in our opinion, the inaccurate spelling (say, our accurately spelled village name Jaddsali'completely corresponds to the law of Apso schnekt's unrecognized uo translation into a, cf. its vasys~iiosis, Ja-dažemijs < Juodazemys "Eitminiškių village hill"; The dictionary form Judasali is probably an inaccurate spelling of Jaddsali), others have different pronunciation (e.g., Blažyški, Karčmiški, Kupiški, the dictionary presents Blažyški, Karémiski, Kipiski; this, possibly, is a consequence of different spelling of the place name at different times), the form of the third dictionary forms is closer to the former Lithuanian gender than our written ones, so it is older, less subaltern (e.g., Fividavičy k., and we have even 4 forms of that place name —Avidiany, Avidavičy, Aividavičy, Vidiany). The latter forms, in our opinion, the author of the dictionary will be taken from earlier (older) sources and help to more accurately identify the Lithuanian gender of the place name and more firmly ground our opinion. The dictionary contains local names of this region with the doubled cc phonetics of the word-end consonants, typical of the purely Belarusian literary language, although in the Vidzeme Belarusian dialect there is no such doubled consonants. For example, in the dictionary it is written Antapmicce (p. 25), but here we actually have the study of M. Biryla and A. Vanagas (LEBA), where, among others, the names of places in the Wrocław region are examined. We have used it only for comparison of toponyms, because the toponyms are presented unpronounced and their exact location is not indicated (only the area where the toponyms are present is given everywhere). In addition, in many cases the study's spelling of place names, being presented "pa spiskach administracyjnaha padzielu BSSR” (p. 8), differs from our written forms of people's use. Abraziški k. (of. Abraziski). The suffix -iški here, of course, was added to the surname Ambrazas, whose root m before b might have disappeared both because of assimilation (cf. lit. klimti<! klirūpti, ankepis<- aritkapis and others), and for other reasons; plg. dar pvd. Ambrazas (LPZ I 93), k. Ambraziškiai (LATS 8). | Alsiniški k. (of. Alsiniški). The suffix -iški here probably had to be added to the Lithuanian surname Aleksynas, which by syncope could possibly turn into * Alsijnas. For the possible transformation, see plg. In the dialect of Apso, there is jūzmas < jasmine, mirtūkas < minturūkas "mintu", Zara < zarija and others. It is remarkable that the representatives of the Belarusian schnekt still pronounce the oikonimo accented i almost as lit. y. That fact could also support such a conjecture at least in part. The name "Alsinas" is not recorded in Lithuanian anthroponyms. It is provided only by A. Salis 1 Local Belarusian šnekta Lithuanian-origin place names are presented here in Latin script. Phonetic transcription of dialectal examples is used only in exceptional cases and is simplified. In the examples, the imprisoned vowels e, ė and i after depalatalized consonants are represented by 3 and y characters. The Lithuanian palatal n against k, g in Belarusian examples is presented with an elongated stem. The dot on the right side of the vowel aul:štai only indicates the length of the unpronounced vowels in the Lithuanian examples. Only the first softened consonant is marked high with a comma on the right side of the consonant, and in Belarusian-pronounced local names, each r-like consonant at the end of the word is marked high. 22 O o lari lading as his uu own artificially deleted or possible gender of the Vilnius region Polish surname Alsevičius (Salys 309). In our opinion, the derivation of Oikonim from the also non-existent (probably the gender of the Polish surname Alsevičius, which A. Salis transliterated) Alsionis (LEBA 13) is quite doubtful because of the non-consistent suffixes of the surnames. Antiherpes "pv. In the village of Ožkaragai". The prefix antacia is added to the name of the lake Prita. For the origin of the latter, see LHEZ 266. Aškaragi k. (of. Askardgi- ). "Oikonimas grynai liet., dvikamienis". It is the dialect of the Apso schneckt gender a-skardgiai~ Gožkarūgiai< goat+rye, also zr. LEBA 97. Avidiany, Avidavičy, Aividavičy, Vidiany k. (of. Eividavičy). All the forms of oikonimo are used, it could be said, almost next to each other. Let’s say, after you hear one of them and listen to it again, you usually hear not the same sex. The most Slavicized genders of oikonimo with the Belarusian suffix -avičy. In Apso lit. villages the oikonimo forms are also variant —Aividėnai (:aividėnuosai sannaū lietdviskai ūke: "talked"), Avidėnai (:momd jimta iš avidėnu:), Vidėnai (:vidēnuosa jir daūk sanū). The original lit. forma — Eivyden. This form jo is partly iš confirmed by the ir official sex. It is a double-sided iš gateway. name (surname) "(T)ear, (T)ear, (T)ear". Country 271. Forms Avidėnai ir Videnai, be doubtless, developed in.. in the soil of language iš Aivydėnai (< Eivydėnai) to an unpronounced syllable -aisuonivokalėje, later shortened (or even falling) ir probably because of ease of pronunciation and ar simplification of the form. Plg. but let. Vadigirys (< "Apso apyl". 100 mg/kg/day The Places of Lie. allegedly a dachshund (sometimes I hear ir da-blis), but daubl a: ~ Multiple (gen.), plural: - Daūblį (acc.) Similarly, the unpronounced pure diphthong is consonantized in the forms of some other ir place names in this region. Here it is. Fitminiškiai Apso liet. in conversation has even several forms of its name: Aidminiskiai, Adminiskiai, Adyminiskiai, Jadminiskiai. The root in this case d probably appeared to him in the gnawed iš f, that position (before m) crushing. In the adjacent Belarusian dialect, the oikonimo form also varies — Adimidniski, Adymidniski, Admianiski, Jadmeniski. There's a little bit of unspoken here. The incorrect phonetic alternation of the apso schnekt ai-(<ei-) is probably due to semantic deletion of the word. This change of diphthong will translate into the Belarusian ir į form of the placename. The same has happened in the ir su name of these places village Eitminai (Apso lit. taria Aitminai, Atminai, Acminai, common forms in Belarusian jo dialect Aemidny, Jacmidny. Ažubali k. In this case, the common word for the apso snake is ajūbaliai, which has become oikonimi. Plg. Apso apyl. The name k. of Jūodelėnai pond Ąžūbaliai, as well as k. names In Lithuania Ažūbaliai (LATS 19). LEBA 92 minimum Wrocław raj. brush. oikonimas Azuboli, due to the wrongly presented jo phonetics of the root, is probably an absentee from this region. Ažugiry k. Apso liet. in conversation oikonimos known as Ažūgiriai, derived, be doubtless, iš from the common word ažūgiriai, which in turn is composed iš of the root giria ir eastern Lithuanian. prefix ažu-. Minimum 92 LEBA Wrocław raj. sex of reproduction Ažugery is more Slavicized: the unpronounced i of its root is 23 translated into e. This transformation of the vowel i is also typical of the place names of the studied region. Bagdziūny k. (of. Bagdziūny). The name is derived from the name of the village of Bagnoles-de- -l'Orne, France. LPZ I 155. Barkuniski k. (of. Barkūniški). "Lietuvių kalbos žodynas" (in Lithuanian). Originating from Pvd. Barakūnas or Burkūnas (see LPŽ I 190, 357), or perhaps even from the artificially illustrated Barkauskas pvd. gender *Barkūnas (Salys 318) and suffix -iški. 28) and "Barkley" (p. Biciūny k. (of. Biciūny). The name is related to the Lithuanian surname Bičiūnas (LPŽ 1248) and the k. name Bičiūnai (LATS 34). Blažyški k. (of Bldžyški). Plg. lit. pvd. Blažis (LPZ I 274) and the suffix -iški and vs. Blažiškės (LATS.37). The pronunciation of the source of the name Oikonim (Blazys, also Blažej) probably speaks about the novelty of the pronunciation of its official form. Bumbiala "kin. "Blažiškių kaimas". The name has retained the Apso dialect's characteristic diphthong um instead of the common language's am, consonant I! hardening before e. Plg. lit. Baby kin. In Stakliškės and elsewhere (LVK). The name is derived from the common word bambėlė "what a puffed-up, rising". Darymy "|. "The Village". The name is lit. The verb "field names in many places in Lithuania" (LVK) is a direct equivalent, derived from the general word "wet places, raistas". Filaici k. Oikonimo suffix is undoubtedly Lithuanian -aičiai. The roots raise some doubts. The prefix f is not usual in local names. However, there is reason to believe that the f here could have originated from p (in the conversation we have recorded cases when because of the habit of appearing more "cultured", especially more Polish, Belarusian pldnka "card", pras "laidynė", piqilka "tablet" and others are sometimes pronounced as! flénka, fras, figúlka). Then we would have the root pilar pel-, and this possibility is quite possible. In this way, this placename could perhaps be related to the Pilaičiai or Pelaičiai type of real names (see LATS 237,242, as well as e.g. names Pilditės, bush names Pildičiai and so on. —LVK). | Galalouki in "Dr. Bičiūnuose". See Lithuanian village names Galdlaukė, Galilaukiai, Galūlaukis (LATS 77), as well as field names Galūlaukė (LVK), derived from the common words galilaukė, galūlaukis, etc. Gertoklinia "m3. part of the village of Pakulnia". Plg. lit. The name "Drunkard" is derived from the common word girtuoklinė, "drunken house". The transformation of the unpronounced i of the pronoun root into e and the transformation of the suffix uo into o are typical consequences of the Belarusization of Lithuanianisms in this area (see LKB 125, also Ažūgery< Ažūgiry —LEBA 92). Gilūta "b. Bičiūnuose". Plg. lit. pv. name Gilūta (LVK), k. name Gilūta (LATS 48). Pronoun root adjective (gyvus) has a rare suffix - Ear. Jacmiany, Acmiany k. (of. Eitmidny- ). The oikonimo is purely Lithuanian, two-stemmed, with the first dot jac-(ac-)- <eit-, the second —men-(<mingmost likely in Belarusianization). This is the name of a derivative. Plg. Salys 344; LPZ 1 570. The first two forms of oikonimo have become more Belarusianized, but the official form has also been glorified. The Lithuanians of 24 Apso (the inseparaA TENT SN SEL SL pa LL ee wt ble village of the Kaipuiid- >w ru Shalakaritad aad ji) call the village Aitcminai, Bielūsiškės —Acminai, Atminai. The Belarusian form Jacmidny is probably formed from the earlier (older) gender Ficminai, their root is eisuvowel (see analogous cases- | jus Avididny< Aivididny< Eivididny< Eivydėnai, Lithuanian Vadžgirijs< Vaiégirgs and others). | Jadasali k. (of. Juddsali). See Lithuanian names Jūodasalė (LATS 109), Juodasalis (LEBA 97). The name is derived from the words "jodas" and "sala" meaning "garden- ". Jarkancy k. (of. Jarkancy). The name is derived from the name of the village. From what is not clear. LEBA 55, 58 Jarkancy derives from Belarusian | pvd. Jarkovič also qualifies it as a derivative of the suffix -ancy. However, these- | two elements of the form Jarkdncy in no way will form (it would be * Jarkouvičancy). Consequently, this interpretation of the origin of oikonimo is not justified. It may be suspected that the root Jarkdncy is pvd. 870), but now — to justify the possibility of jurvirting into jar, there is no data. Or perhaps Jarkdncy ki- | les from a double-stemmed surname, whose first dot —jar-(jer- -), second — -kant. However, the jar-(jer-) primary (Lithuanian) form is also quite problematic, since the Lithuanian namebook does not seem to have such a mark. Based on the phonetics of the local Belarusian schnekt, it is reasonable to suspect that jar-—is a not quite usual Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the also quite unusual also borrowed andyk "kalakutas" instead of Russian indyk, also see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the also quite unusual also borrowed andyk "kalakutas" instead of Russian indyk, also see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility see the Lithuanian diphthong and-(for such possibility here sometimes occurring liet. the unpronounced short translation i of place names of origin į e — Gertoklinia< Drunkard, Ažūgery< Ažūgiry< Ažūgiriai ir et al. ). O how to qualify the element jir-? The latter could also possibly be a primary as sometimes occurs in foreign words, derived from gir-. ne o, iš For the possible such jir-<girplg. ir let. pronunciation of some foreign words. Let's say, the usual general in our conversations is sometimes called a general, the surname Gierta o translates į Joerta (LPŽ I 665) ir Mr. If this is the case, then the rationale for the creation of the matrix is a logical one. The ir Giraffes iš Rise. pvd. Girkantas. Plg. In Lithuania available pvd. Girkantas (LPŽ I 675), k. name Girkantai (LATS 87). Jūravičy k. (of. Marines). Apso liet. in conversation oikonimas familiar form Jurėnai (tarm. (Jur. Pronoun undoubtedly derived iš from surname Sea (LPŽ I 863) ir suffixes - Ian. The Belarusian language is now officially recognised by Belarus. Kalniški k. (of. Mountains). This clear adverbs -iški vedinys iš liet. pvd. Kalnius (LEBA 22), but plg. pvd. Kalnius (LPZ I 899), also names k. Kalniškė, Kalniškiai, Kalniškis ir etc. (LATS 118). Karaliunskaje voziara "ež. "Pakalnioje". It is a composed word. hydronym of origin, whose first accent is — pvd. Queen (plg. LPZ I 919). Karciuta "pv. "Labyrinths- ". Pronoun probably composed of su suffix - grandmother, o jo root by its phonetic expression could be related to su meadow names Karčia, Karčiabalė, Kafčiabalis, in forest names Karčius, Ka"čiakalnis (LVK), by river names Karčiūpė (LVK), Karčiupis, Karéiupjs ir et al. (LUNES 68). What is the origin of the root? The LHEZ 147 river roots are linked by the common word su bitters "liquid, spicy taste". Such a connection to river names mentioned by the karčroot could be quite acceptable. ir However, our 25 In this case it would not be quite appropriate, because Karciūta is made with a suffix (it is probably minor), which can only be added to nouns. Thus, karcrūknis is a noun, not an adjective. And, possibly, it can come from within. to O it tends to take the noun kafčiai 'uncut longer grass between the leaves'. The meaning of bitterness is characteristic of puddles and wet meadows, where it is often impossible to properly cut the grass. Also plg.participant karčiūotas "with left uncut grass between the roots", karčiūoti "when mowing leave uncut grass between the roots". Based on linguistic geographical data, there is reason to believe that the suffix of Karciūta probably was -tūtė, which is particularly characteristic of both Apso and neighboring Lithuanian dialects. "Karčmiški k. (of. Karčmiški)". This is a compound oikonime, the first accent of which could be connected both with the general noun kdrtis (the latter is not foreign to this area, e.g. in Apso dialects it is said: kartélé rūbam pakdrt), and with the word karčiai "uncut grass between pradalgiy", also cf. Karciila, taip pat mikrotoponimus Kafčios "krantai, krūmai" K arčiakalnis mš. (LVK). The different pronunciation of the official oikonimo form requires more responsible research of the pronunciation of local names. Kudryavtsev "In. "Pakalnioje". It is a microtoponym of the root and suffix -iškiai lit. origin, cf. also hydronyms Kūdra, Kūdrėlis, Kūdrėlė, Kūdriūkas, Kūdriai (LUEV, 81), and etymology (LHEZ 169), as well as microtoponyms Kūdra, Kūdros and others (LVK). Kumsa "b. Bičiūnuose". The microtoponym comes from the common dialectism kumša of the eastern Lithuanian dialects, meaning "a place paved with snakes and thorns, a viscous place". See also the Lithuanian hydronyms Kamša, Kamdéle, Kamšupis (LUEV 67; LHEZ 145) as well as the microtoponyms Kamša, Kamsia, Kemgélé and others (LVK). Kupédli k. (of. Kupédli). /Oikonimas is a derivative of the suffix -eliai of nominative origin (cf. pvd. Kūpčius —LPŽ 11127). "Kupiški k. (of Kiūpiški)- ". The name Oikonimas is derived from the suffix -iškiai of surname origin (see pvd. "„Kūpas, Kūpė, Kupis —LPŽ II 1126—1128). It is noticeable that the consonant in oikonimo preposition is well heard by us. ; Laibūny k. (of. Laibūny). It is a derivative of the suffix -ūnai (see Laibinis —LPŽ II 16). See also Lithuanian microtoponyms Laibūnai rst., plk., Laibūniškė dr., Laibūčiai pv., Laibūkai l. (LVK), as well as Laibūtiškės k. (LATS 151) and the general words laibikas "long narrow reed", laibūnė "tree boathead". Laukiški, Loukiški k. (of. Ldukiški). Oikonim comes from pvd. "Laukis, Laūkis and suffixes -iškiai" (LEBA 24). Two forms of it are recorded —with the accent in the suffix —it is more common and with the accentuated root i —it is rarer, but coincides with the official one (in our understanding, it is more Belarusian). But plg. k. Laukiškės, Laukiškiai (LATS 154), pv., ms. Laukiškis et al. (LVK). Lataniški k. (of. Lataniški). It is probably composed of pvd. Lūtena, Létenas or Latinis (see LPŽ II 28) and suffixes -iškiai. Plg. dar pvd. Latanaūskas, which, in our opinion, is reasonably derived from lėtena (LPŽ II 28), pv. "Lataniškiai (LVK)". 26 aa Ša marie = „i m A Aluminum hE Liepasal' kin. Microtoponyms are probably the — words kepa sala. ir Plg. some other Lithuanian jo relatives — Liepasalé kin., Liepasalė "lake island", Ltepasalis mš. ir kt (LVK). Limarka "b. In the backyard." The name is — a clear Lithuanianism, with the direct equivalent Limarka, in meaning "bala, meadow, swamp, ditch" abundantly found "Lithuania (LVK) <kmarka- <linmarka" (LKŽ VII 516). Liun "b. "Pakalnioje". It is an undeniable liet. Liūnas (LVK) <litine direct equivalent. Lūnka "I. In the backyard." The name is derived from the Eastern Altay dialect vowel un, which corresponds to the common language an, plg. let. Lankė, Larikos ir et al. microtoponimus (LV K)< lanka. Raspberry "b. In the backyard." Microtoponym, be doubts, formed by the suffix -inė su from the root -mol, in Apso dialect (especially older) pronounced with the long a~o tu (general language) — malis, plg. let. microtoponimus Méliné, Molijnė ir et al. (LVK), k. Blue, Clay etc. ir (LATS 189—190). Marūga "a river flowing through Vidžius iš Vidžių ežero, įteka į "Dysna". Hydrogenation suffix -uga, the root is ne quite clear. There is an opinion that it ji could be close to the river su Mara vardu (LHD No 192). evidence provided. Based on The phonetics of the apso sniff, we are inclined to offer our reasoning to justify them. The ir unpronounced root of the surname is mar-, similar to the Schneck river name Dablys< Daublys (plg. Daūblio, Daūblį...), the name of the lake Saliazdry< Sauliažeriai ar village names Atminai (Bruss. Acmidny, Jacmidny)< Aitminai< Eitminai, Avidėnai (Bruss. Avididny, Avidavičy), Adminiškiai (Bruss. Adminiski, Adimidniski, Adymidniski, Jadmeniski), taip pat liet. Vadigirgs< Vaiégirgs ir pan. quite convincingly could have evolved iš *maurtuo ir būdu biti associated with mdurais su floaters, — which bloom only allne je In the Maruga, ir but in all the marshes ji that it runs through. So there is reason to believe that Mariga kilusi iš * Maurūga. It should be noted that * This is a good way to match the other rares of this lit. suffix derivatives, especially such as pumpkin "molynė" ir etc. common lit. language words (plg. LKG 361). It is tu important to note that. let. There are no derivatives of maršaknis in the nomenclature, and maur-—especially abundant —these are microtoponyms Mdurijoir s, Maurynas, Maurdgé, Maurupis, etc. (LVK). This, in our opinion, would also speak Mariga<* For Mauriga. Plg. even the name of the village Maurūčiai (LATS 174). = Bear. (of. Miyazaki). Oikonimas is liet. suffixes -eliai last ir name Meška, Meskjs (plg. MeszkomMeška — Salys 403) guide (LEBA 76).Plg. more k. names Teddy bears (LATS also 180), microtoponims Meškėlės, Meškėlė, Meškėlis, Meškėliai ir kt. (LVK). Mikuci k. (of. Mikici). This is Lithuanianism, whose suffix -učiai added to last name Mica (plg. pvd. Mica LPŽ II 228, also LEBA but 87), plg. let. microtoponimus Mikuškė, Mikuta ir et al. (LVK). Namaviécia "l. In the backyard." The Lithuanianness of the microtoponym is undoubted: it Namadvieté, have their equivalents ir In Lithuania — Namavietė dr., pv., gn., mš., krm., Namavietės krm., ms. ir kt (LVK). Source of jų all origins common — words house placed. ir | Pacilta "pv. "Labyrinths". Microtoponimy formed let. iš intestine. 27 to the name of the object itself Pacilté~ Patiltė, plg. k. vardus Patiltis, Patilčiai (LATS also other 232), microtoponyms Patilčiai, Patiltys, Patiltės * pv. names" (LVK). The present microtoponyms are derived from the common word patiltė "place under the bridge". It is also noteworthy that the microtoponym of the investigated was clearly audible in the strong beginning of the — pronounced syllable, while the * first diphthong sound was apparently prolonged. Padzirvany "pv. "In the Eyes". The term microtoponimic comes from the common Lithuanian word pdirvonis, padirvonis. See also the k. name Padirvoniai (LATS 208), as well as the microtoponyms Padirvonis, Padirvonė, Padirvonias and others (LVK). Padrūkša k. (of. Padrikia). The Lithuanians of Apso call this village in Lithuanian — Padrūkšė. The name Oikonimas comes from the name and prefix paof the nearby lake Drūkšiai (see LUEV 32). Pakulnia k. (of. Pakilnia). The name is probably of Germanic origin, p.g.v. 375 pp. (2nd ed.). "Microtoponimy Pakulniškė, Pakulniškės mš., krm., Pakulnig sodiyjba (LVK)". —The waiting "pv. In the backyard." The place name is undoubtedly derived from the Lithuanian common word palaukė, cf. also pdlaukis, as well as microtoponyms Palaukė (LVK), k. names Palaukė, Palaukė, Palaūkė (LATS 220). Patkudryski "|. and pic. In the backyard." It is a purely Lithuanian Arai microtoponym, with a Belarusian suffix -eli. Zr. Kudry Rata3ali "Laibūnų kaimo dalis" (of. Ratdsalk). a is a bijection. The first is the common word rétas (the latter is usually translated as ratas in Lithuanian dialects on the border with Belarus because of the e before the hard r pronounced here), the second is neither country nor shilas. So it is a Rettushil. That the second spot of the name is indeed |šilas, is firstly shown by SNVV 328, which presents the Russian form Ratašeli alongside the official Belarusian form, and also confirmed by LEBA 97, which presents the Wrocław region oikonimi form Retašilis (perhaps there is ground to guess that this is the same oikonimi). In addition, as experience has shown, this is quite well supported by the phonetics of the unpronounced (and in our case even hardened) syllable of some of the clearer Lithuanian-- origin local names used in Belarusian schnekts. As already mentioned, lit. Ažūgiriai, Girtuoklijnė and others here are pronounced Gertoklinia, Azigery i and so on. In our case Reiasilis) they began to pronounce Ratašeli, and such a newly appeared e after the hard š easily turned into a and thus formed Ratasals. Here it is also observed that there are more such 4 turns after this a case. Let's say our shipulij is pronounced Sapil Rauketa k. (of. Raukėta). The village is also known as the village of the 13th-century bishop (Ludwig). Both names may have been derived from pvd. 583<raukti "to make wrinkled" —LHEŽ 274) and the suffix -eta (LKG 333). However, it is also possible that their nickname originated from *Rauketa, which would be a derivative of the common word rauketd. B. Rauksta (LVK). Razakalnia "kin. "In Friends". The second is a mountain, and the first is somewhat doubtful. Perhaps it can be linked to such Lithuanian microtoponyms as Rėžakalnis, Rėžabalė, Réziaraistis (LV K) and so on. Then that spot would be Rēžē(<rēžē), cf. also k. Rēžiakiemis (LATS 256). But phonetically there is also no basis to reject the idea that this element may consist of Rėžiai k.<rėžiai (LATS 261), cf. also Rėžupalis (LHEŽ 276), Ražiai k. (LATS 260) or even Raižiai k. (LATS 256). 28 Rakshchiny "bushes "In Friends". The root syllable of the microtoponym consists of a consonant a, which can come from both e and ė, so there is an equal basis to assume that both surnames originated from a consonant a. jį iš Angle, both ir iš Rėkštis (LPZ II 595) and the prefix -ynė with local significance. Plg. dar up. 134 (1997), pp. 134. Rėkšiai, plk. Rėkšpjaunis (LVK), as well as the etymology of Rėkšupis (LHEZ 275—276). So Rekštiynė or Rékstjné will become Rakščijnia here. The origin of the name is unclear, as the root e of this oikonimo has not been clarified. However, according to the not quite regular phonetics of this schnekt there is reason to suspect that it may have originated a ir iš diphthong ei po r (plg. here suggestk. ed name "Ethnologue" (PDF). If this is true, it could be argued that oikonimas is a derivative of the suffix -iškiai from the surname Réipa (LPZ II 593). Samanica "Ms. "Labyrinths". Microtoponimy is lit. microtoponimic mo Samanyčia direct equivalent, derived from iš the common word samanyéia "the idea." j ‘ Sauliazory, Saliazéry, Sauliazéry "ež. Vidiskiuose". The hydronym forms very well characterize the unpronounced lit. in the Belarusian dialect of this region. the au consequences of the ir jo two-voiced Belarusization process. It was long before we were determined that liet. au in Belarusian conversations is often perverted į a (Baltistica 73—77). The article included a large number of common true words of — Belarusian ir lituanisms — su mentioned phonetics is ir accompanied by a key to identify similar lituanisms. SauliaZéry ir hydronym variants only confirm our statement, ir jo but ne specifically reveal the very process of such transformair tion. The name of the lake, be without doubt, comes from Lit. iš jo name * Sauliažeriai ar * Sduliažeriai (plg. Saulupė, Saulūtakis LUNES 143) ir "Sdulė ežerai. The original name su variant is š later, probably due to semantic fading. Jo root au undoubtedly indicates a transitive liet. au turning į brush. a degree. Iš second half, Apso Lithuanian dialect has the same phonetics as ir "Lithuanian hydronym Dablys< Daubljs" (in Lithuanian). (see section 4.4). height), as well as probably ir Marūga<* Maurūga, showing that monophthongation of au unpronounced can į a occur (and, no be doubt, happeneir d) in the very Lithuanian conversation (in this case contacting Belarusian). su Until now, such a process has not been revealed in Lithuanian conversation. Sniegiški k. (of. Snowy). Oikonimas is pvd. Snow (LPŽ II 774) ir suffixes - clearly a derivative. Plg. 100 mg/kg/day Snieginis, Sniegiškis (LUEV also 152), microtoponims Snowball, Snowhorn ir and so on. (LVK) at k. Sniegiškės (LATS 285). . Šaltėni k. (of. Cold). Oikonim, based on linguistic geographical data, originates from ne iš common word sources, regionally o iš typical word sources, which in Belarusian ko could improperly distort suffixes i, jį backwards. Taukini k. It is likely to be a litter. pvd. *Taukings (plg. Fatty Country 462; * Fatty LPŽ II 1029) plural form. Such a 29