Simono Daukanto „strubis“ ir „auklės“

LITHUANIAN LINGUISTICS QUESTIONS, XXXIV (1994) LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE DIARCHEMS AND THEIR STUDIES Notes. Anmerkungen. Rezensionen Giedrius SUBAČIUS SIMONO DAUKANTO STRUBIS IR. These remarks are intended to clarify the meanings of two words used by S. Daukantas. The first word —s tr u b i s. The major noun strubis of the Great Lithuanian Dictionary (LKZ XIII 997) has only a single-line article: "strūbis sm. (2) LKK IV 306 (S. Dauk.) elbow". Thus, it is written only from one source, the article "S. Daukanto leksikografiniai darbai" by Jonas Kruopa, published in "Lietuvių kalbotyros klausimuose" and taken from S. Daukanto "Polish-Lithuanian Dictionary". The word "Crocodile" is derived from the ancient Greek word for "crocodile". In S. Daukanto dictionary T. I, p. 639 there is the following article:? Locusts, alkune, struts. Elbows, elbows, elbows.” J. Kruopo, apparently, the words alkuné and strubis were considered synonyms. However, as the whole structure of Daukanto dictionary shows, different meanings of the Polish word could also be indicated in this way. His dictionary of Polish words was copied from Stanisław Ropelewski's Polish-French dictionary. It can be used to reconstruct the meaning of a word. ; In French Lokietek Ropelewski translates nain "does not grow", pygmée "dwarf, pygmé", bout d'homme "very short man". Since the LKŽ homonym strubis, -ė meaning from the so-called M. Niedermann's dictionary is indicated as "what strubas", and the adjective strubas, -a "short, -a; mažas, a" is also known from the living language, it would seem appropriate to establish the meaning of Daukanto strubis as "what is small, not tall". In the article of Ropelewski, however, it is further explained: pl. Lokietki, (dim. de Lokcie), petits coudes "small elbows", does not mean that the word strubis has had the meaning of "elbow". Thus, Daukanto strubis in the meaning of "what is small in height, does not grow" and not in the meaning of "elbow" is considered an outdated word, an archaism. The second word is nannies. In the aforementioned article, J. Kruopas mentions among the outdated words from S. Daukanto žodynas the childminds "shoes". Daukanto article is short: Kamasze, aukles (Vol. 1, p. 468). LKZ I? 474 presents four meanings of the word nanny (alongside the homonym nanny "carrier, childminder"): 1. "a string or tie to tie the leg; apivaras’; 2. "rope, cord": 3. ‘foot without head or short rib’; 4. "car". In the aforementioned Ropelewski dictionary, from which Daukantas also copied the word Kamasze, the meaning is given as one - gueires "getrai". So S. Daukantas probably did not mean the meaning "shoes". Here and elsewhere in his writings the word "aukle" is used in the third (hence "getrai") and fourth meanings of the LKŽ, cf. Polkamasze, pūsaukles (Vol. 2, p. 474) —French. half-hexagons; - No, no, no, no, no, no. or karejwio czebats (T. 2. P. 22) —fr. cuissard "thigh, part of armor covering the leg"); also Daukanto "Būdo" sentence wytoro sau stajbius wilnonomis tejpat joudomis aukliemis nu kolkszniū lig pat kėliū (P. 40). It can also be compared with the entry in Daukant's notes on the dictionary of F. Nesselmann (Nesselmann). Aukle, pl. aukles f. (Lietuvių kalbotyros klausimai, 1961. T. 4. P. 313), where S. Daukantas corrected only the form Auklys given by Nesselmann, but did not correct the meaning, and Nesselmann indicated the following meaning: blau und schwarz gestre:fte wollene Būnder, welche die Frauen stait der Strimpfe um thre Waden wickeln "blue and black stre:fte wollene bands, which women wrap around their calves instead of stockings”. Therefore, Daukanto nannies should not be given the meaning "shoes". In 1992 the Riga publishing house "Avots" published a two-volume etymological dictionary of the Latvian language (Latviešu etimoloģijas vardnica. I. A-O. II. P-Ž. Riga "Avots"). The scientific editor of the dictionary is the St. Petersburg linguist Nikolai Andreev. The 185 reviewers are Simas Karaliūnas from Vilnius and Vladimiras Toporovas from Moscow. In 1993, the work was defended in Riga as a doctoral dissertation. Of course, this is an extraordinary event in Baltic linguistics: such a work has long been awaited not only by Latvian, but also by Lithuanian linguists, as well as by Baltists from other countries in general. So far, the best source of Latvian etymologies has been Janis Endzelins' notes in Karl Mulenbach's Latvian Dictionary and supplements to this dictionary (Latviešu valodas vardnica. Red., pp., continued by J. Endzelins. I-IV. Riga, 1923—1932; Endzelins J., Hauzenberga E. Addendums and corrections to K. Miilenbach's Latvian language dictionary. I-II. Riga, 1934-1946). A short etymological dictionary of the Latvian language was published by Nikolajs Lapinis (Latviešu vārdā etimoloģija. I-III. Riga, 1967—1975). It is known that in the 1870s, the author of the first scientific grammar of Latvian language, Latvian linguist of German origin, pastor of Duobele Augusts Bylenšteins (Bielenstein, 1827—1907), was preparing to write an etymological dictionary of Latvian language. Before the Second World War, the famous Latvian publisher Ansis Gulbis was determined to publish an etymological dictionary. Endzelynas had even recommended the linguist Žanas Graudas (1896—1971) for this work. In recent decades, Benjamin Jegers, a student of the universities of Riga and Göttingen, who later taught in Sweden and the United States of America, perhaps worked most successfully in the field of Latvian etymology. However, this linguist, who mainly earned his living from German studies, unfortunately did not have the conditions to devote himself solely to the study of the etymology of the Latvian language. Of course, a particularly good support for writing an etymological dictionary of the Latvian language is E. Fraenkeli's "Lietuvių kalbos etymologinis žodynas" (Litauisches etymologisches Worterbuch. Heidelberg-Gottingen, For people less familiar with Latvian culture, a certain surprise 1955—1965). 186