Kaimo vardas „Stabaunyčius“

LITHUANIAN LINGUISTICS QUESTIONS XXXVI (1996) LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE: RESEARCHERS AND STUDIES Aleksandras VANAGAS THE NAME OF THE VILLAGE STABAUNYČIUS In Kaunas district in Babtų district there is a village that is officially called Stabaunijčius. The current normative gender is probably not old — it was recommended in 1974 and 1976 (1:90; 2:287). This recommendation in turn is based on the fact that it was recorded as such in the place-name file of Babtai village of Kaunas district, drawn up in the late 1930s: Stabaungcius. Where the latter was taken from is unclear, because in the alphabetical directory of place names collected from the living language there is no such gender (3). It is also not found in the pre-war book of protocols for the regulation and management of place names (4:107; 5:100). In the 1935 place-name questionnaire, the village of Stabaunytė is recorded, "Lietuvos apgyventos vietos" presents the noble gender Stabaunytės km. (6:61). The first official post-war list of settlements provides the same —Stabaunytės km. (7:935). "Stefanus, the martyr of the city of Jerusalem (352–337 BC)". In the 1960s, the name of the mountain was written Stabaungéia hegy (3). Data from historical documents are relatively late: Stabownica 1784 (9), Stabownica 1854 (10:161), ” Stabownica osada nad Niewiażą- ... o 2 w. powyżej Bobt, przystan na Niewiazy” 1890 (11:170), Cmaboenuya 1892 (12:33), Stabaunica (see Stabownica) 1918 (9). Therefore, it would be reasonable to assume that the original gender was probably female-born—Idolatry, etc. ar The origin of the name was attempted to explain by B. Kviklys. He wrote: "2.5 km south of Babtai, on the left bank of the river Nevėžis, there is the village of Stabaunytė. Its name does not come from the word "idol", but from the dock, stabaut: means to stop ships. In the past there was a harbour here, which was used by Nemunas kayakers” (8:353). This is the only hypothesis I know about the origin of the name. It is not entirely impossible, but there are a lot of doubts about it. Therefore, we have to look for another, more plausible explanation. The word idol mentioned by B. Kviklis, on closer inspection, may not seem entirely accidental. B. Kviklys himself provides very interesting information: "Former. In the fields of Babtyn (Babcina) manor there were two huge brick pillars, about 1 km apart from each other; The third pillar stood on the other side of Nevėžis, on Stabaunytė hill, near the old Kaunas-Riga highway. All the columns were the same, [...] made of large bricks, the top was exposed, with a roof-like brick top… Who and when built these monumental columns, no information has survived. Efforts to clarify this have been unsuccessful. Some claimed that they may have been built years ago in memory of the Swedish invasion; others that this 71 300 ir 1831 m. secret monuments of the uprising. " B. Kviklys adds: "There is speculation that it might have been yet D.L.K. ir The Order's Wall Signs. Unfortunately, they are not tested” (8:352). The pillars were widely known, so it is not impossible that they could have been perceived, perhaps even called, idols. The word idol means not only "a statue or some object considered to be a god and worshipped," but also simply "a statue; Column" (13:XIII 604). Therefore, in the local Polish or outgrown Lithuanian language, the hybrid * Stabownia could have been formed from Lietuv. stabas. Its meaning would be "place of idols, place where there are idols" or something like that. Plg. liet. vazaūnė, vazaunta "patalpa vežimams, rogems....” —left. carriage house, brush. vazounja (14:II 12009), lietuv. ledaūnė, ledaunia "place to store ice" —pl. Ice cream, brus. ledovnia (13:VII 222; 14: I 350). Stabaunica would be a derivative of the suffix -ica from * Stabownia, as, for example, next to lietuv. ledaūnė, ledaunia we have ledaunyčia "ice-frozen place for storing" —from pol. glacier (13: VII 222). So go. lodownia and lodownica —lit. * Stabovnia and Stabovnica. Another known place name of similar origin is Stabaunica, Stabovnica, which is the name of a field (arable land, 4 ha) in the borders of the villages of Kleboniškis and Vaistariškiai in the district of Pažaislis, Kaunas district. There is no evidence that there was a dock here. There is no evidence of any idols or statues that could be called idols in these places. However, considering that in the Prussian language lit. stūbas relative stabis meant simply "stone" (14: II 891), it would be possible to say that lit. idol could have a more general meaning of "stone" or similar. It is generally believed that the Lithuanian, Prussian and Latvian words (verbal and generic), having the root stab-, is one of the more prominent isoglosses that unites all these Baltic languages (18:61). In addition, it is not to be forgotten that lit. stabas can mean simply "statue" and "column".. | A certain processing of *Stabaunyčia or similar is probably the name of the hill Stabonyčia in the village of Jurkšai near Alksnėnai (Pilviškiai) in the Vilkaviškis district (recorded in our time; 1972). The association of Stabongéia with idolate "to stop" raises doubts in the sense that this verb itself is not known anywhere else — it is not mentioned in the great "Dictionary of the Lithuanian language", neither by K. Būga, perhaps the most extensively examined Lithuanian idol and its relatives (15:II 599—602), nor by E. Fraenkelis (14), nor by other dictionaries and authors. True, the "Lietuvių kalbos žodynas" (Dictionary of Lithuanian Language) presents related words of similar structure: stabinti "stop" (13:XIII 609), stabyjti, stabo, stabe "stop" (ibid., 610). But it is difficult to imagine that it would be possible to make a hybrid noun * Stabaunia and Stabaunica from them. The connection of Stabaunytė with lit. stūbas would be supported by the fact that place names with stabbalty are generally quite popular in the regions: lit. Stab-gale meadow, Vandžiogala; Stabinė field, Saločiai; swamp, Skaudvilė; Stabinė village, Telšiai; Stabinės mountain, Varniai; Stab-u-lankiai village, Leliūnai; pr. Stabayn, Stab-e-gode, Stab-e-lauken, Stab-ingen (16:171—172- ); lat. Staba-gals, Staba-plava, Stabuplava, Stabu-rags (17:313). It is interesting that some Lithuanian place names are enslaved, like Stabaunyčia, hybrid forms: Stabavicas miškas, Rumšiškės; T2 Stabavica Marsh, Daugai; Stabavica mountain, Alytus. A peculiar, somewhat problematic work is the field name Stabaviskas (possibly jotvingism) for the meadows of the Varėna area. From what has been said here, it is probably possible to conclude that the original variant of the name, formed in the Polish language or in the language of the outnumbered local Lithuanians, was probably Stabaunica, Stabovnica or similar. In the Lithuanian language, the gender Stabaunyčia (cf. brus. Bistrica — lit. Bistryčia) developed from it. The name Stabaunica, Stabaunyčia was apparently used at the beginning for the mountain with the pillar. The name of the mountain was later given to a nearby village. This might explain the origin of the masculine gender Stabaungčius — both the mountain and the village are masculine. If this version of the origin of Stabaunis is confirmed, then we have to agree that the above-mentioned three columns were not built as early as 1784, because at that time the name was already recorded in the documents. LITERATURE Lithuanian SSR administrative-territorial division guide 1, Vilnius, 1974. "Lietuvos TSR administracinės-teritorinės suskirstymo žinynas 2", Vilnius, 1976.. The alphabetical list of place names collected from the living language is kept in the Lithuanian CD Language Institute. The Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania. 1934. I. 24-1936. III. 27. Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania The Book of Records. 1936–1940. Places of interest in Lithuania. K., 1925. Administrative-territorial division of the Lithuanian SSR. Vilnius, 1959. Kviklys B. Mūsų Lietuva 2, Vilnius, 1991. The Lithuanian Language Institute Alphabetical List of Historical Place Names. 0. Holowinski I. Manuscript list of place names of the Telšiai and Žemaičių episcopate, preserved in the Lithuanian Language Institute. 11. Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland and other Stovia countries 11, Warsaw, 1890. 12. Cnucoxs nacenennnzs mecms Kosencxotl zybepnuu. K., 1892. 13. Lithuanian Language Dictionary 1—15, Vilnius, 1956—1991. 14. Fraenkel E. Lithuanian etymological dictionary 1—2, Heidelberg, 1962 t.t. 15. Būga K. Selected Writings 1—3, Vilnius, 1958—1961. 16. Gerullis G. The Old Prussian Place Names. Berlin and Leipzig, 1922. 17. Vanagas A. Etymological Dictionary of Lithuanian Hydronyms. Vilnius, 1981. 18. 1 am 6e B. CoorBercrBus B TonoxuMuu Jlaranickoi CCP c npeBHenpycckuM a3bikKoM. "Baltistica." Annex 1, 55-62, 1972. DD a = ON on Summary The first variant of the name, which originated from the Polish or Polishized Lithuanian language, was certainly Stabaunica or Stabovnica. This is the word of the hybrid formation: from the lit. stabas “post, sail, idol” and from the Slavic suffix -ovnica (cf. Polish lodownica). The forms Stabaunica, Stabovnica became ”Stabaunyé¢ia” in the Lithuanian language. From it later developed the variant of the male gender Stabaunydéius. 73