XVI a. II pusės Kauno miestiečių lietuviškos kilmės asmenvardžiai

ACTA LINGUISTICA LITHUANICA LITHUANIAN KALBOTYROS QUESTIONS XLI (1999) Institute of Lithuanian Language, Vilnius, Lithuania XVI A. II LITHUANIAN PERSONNAMES OF HALLOF OF THE CITIZENS OF KAUNAS The personal names of Lithuanian citizens have already been investigated. In particular, Z. Zinkevičius’ monograph “Lithuanian Anthroponymics”, which analyzes the Vilnius St. John's church 1602-1615 m. marriages and 1611-1616 m. anthroponyms of baptismal registration books, ir several jo articles (Zinkevičius 1973: 17-19; 1974a: 136-143; 1974b: 78-85; 1977; 1980: 151-156). The author discussed in detail the origin and composition of Vilnius personal names, analyzed some problems of the formation of names. Taking into account the peculiarities of the origin, construction, development, etc. of the personal names of the townspeople, the study of these anthroponyms is relevant to continue. The aim of ir this article is to discuss Lithuanian names of 16th-century Kaunas citizens and to compare them with current Lithuanian names and surnames. It was important to determine how many and what kind of personal names used in the 16th century have not come to our days, i.e. today they do not function in the Lithuanian name book. In addition, it seemed appropriate to present a functional analysis of these anthroponyms, to discuss more characteristic phenomena of glorification. Anthroponymia for the article was collected from the 16th century (1561-1565 m.!, 1564-1569 m.*, 1587-1591 m.*) Kaunas vaito books. These are unique historical sources, preserved from the first half of the 16th century. These books of Kaunas vaito were written by scribes in Polish and Latin. The books consist of records of the cases heard in the court of law." Most of the persons recorded in them are Lithuanians —both Kaunas residents and newcomers (Kiaupa 1988: 28). The name of the town is not mentioned in the sources. They are usually written with two personal nouns, e.g. : Woiciech Kis35kielzentis mie[czanin! Manuscripts Department of Vilnius University Library (hereinafter —VUBRS). E 7. No. 13846. * Idem. E 7. No. 13844. 3 Ibid. E 7. No. 13851. * For a detailed description of these sources, including information about the location of the document, its signature, the state of the book, the language of the entries, the correct order of pages and publications, see Kiaupa 1988: 40-45. 145 Kowien[kj] (V, Mikolai 206), Pembroke mief3anin Kowien/kj (V, Grigaf 206), Rac3 uf; miefc3anine Kowien(skiego)® (V, Macjiei 168), jalis miefcsanin Kovienfkj (V, 167) ir kt There are three types of ir personal pronouns, e.g. : Szepan Pawlowics Dowgierdowic3 Mie[csanin Kowien(ski) (V, 99); Vihchivy Jakubelis Janowic3 [uxtulis miefczanin Kowienfkj (V, 49) ir kt It is important to clearly define which anthroponyms recorded in historical documents are attributable For the citizens of Kaunas. For the analysis, sources were selected in which it is noted that the person is a townspeople. In the church records, the townspeople were often not marked with a special reference. This problem was encountered by Z. Zinkevičius (cf. Zinkevičius 1977: 46). In the books of Kaunas vaito, the townspeople are called civis, mieszczanin, e.g. : Macjiei Poiodelif micfezanin Kowienski (V, 281), Jakuba Sawodonya miefczanina Kowienskiego (kilm.”; V, 324), Mac3iei Odega ciwis Kowien(ski) (V, 85) and others. The persons marked as such 7. Kiaupa calls them true citizens of the city (Kiaupa 1989: 31). They were sworn to the city and could participate in its governance. In the identification of townspeople, honorary names are important elements of the language of acts. Some of them indicate belonging to the city class, such as: spectabilis, godny, zacny, honoratus, famatus, stawetny, circumspectus, providus, opatrzny, honestus, uczciwy." The books of Kaunas city vaito were written by scribes whose native language was apparently non-Lithuanian. Therefore, when they recorded names of Lithuanian origin, they presented certain genders very differently. Some anthroponyms are written relatively regularly, e.g. : Dwilis (V, 186)°, Kapkasionis (V, 185), Krutinonis (V, 39) and others. However, many spoken anthroponyms have been changed in various ways. This was partly due to linguistic reasons, especially the interaction of Lithuanian and Polish languages (see Antonovič 1961: 120-140). Due to the small volume of the material (219 anthroponyms of Lithuanian origin), we have limited ourselves to presenting more typical cases of glorification. 3 1561-1565 Kaunas vaito knyga marked V,, 1564-1569 m. —V,, 1587-1591 m. —V,. All of the characters are named by name. Each of them has the source and the number of the source sheet in parentheses. In presenting personal names, we try to maintain authentic, historically documented genders. For the sake of simplicity, only a few specific characters have been replaced, i.e. 0 —d, 5-h, w-3. ® Abbreviations recorded in historical documents are completed. The prefix is given in parentheses. The following abbreviations are used in the article: kilm. —nobleman, noblewoman — uudnieks, innag. —the steward. 8 In collecting material for these purposes, a system of Polish-Latin terms reflecting the craft, occupation, and title hierarchy of the townspeople was used (Prinke 1992: 109-120). * For the sake of brevity, only middle names are given here. 146 The most common cases of sound a substitution: changeable į 0, e.g. : *Sausagrobis — faufograbya (kilm. ; V, 165; V, 254), * Dry-footed — faux-caif (V, 24), *Savaduonis — Sowodonya (kilm. ; V, 122), * Sedeika (*Sitting down?) — [edeyko (V, 215) ir kt o changeable į a, e.g. : *Arvydavičius — Orwidowicza (kilm. ; V, 139). au replaced į by ow, e.g. : *Daugirdavičius — Dowgierdowic3 (V, bei kt. 99) s replaced by į š, e.g. :*Left — Kayrifp (V, 132), *Kimeklis — Kimmelifi (V, *Blakis 144), —Plikif (V, 156), *SkierGif (V, 55), *Spalis —S3pal (V, 18)i, etc. Personal nouns are usually written with endings, except in rare cases, e.g. : Gotarth (V, 63), Įkirmont (V, 118), Skolond3 (V,77), Gpal (V,18). Both with and without a limb, only one case has been found: Lankielis (V. 175) and Lankyel (V. 222). Personal names with Lithuanian patronymic suffixes are usually written with endings. Only one personal name with the Lithuanian patronymic suffix -ūnas is written without the ending: Swiencjiun (V, 245). In addition to the endings, the derivatives of the Slavic patronymic suffixes -evič, -ovič are written, e.g.: biwjliowic3 (V, 210), Dwiliewic3 (V, 154), Eythwylowic3 (V, 10), etc. The investigated historical sources recorded 900 different names of persons" —Kaunas citizens—. After evaluating the second members of the names from the point of view of origin, two groups of personal names were distinguished: Lithuanian and non-Lithuanian origin (cf. Maciejauskienė 1997b: 108). The first group is significantly smaller. There are 219 (2496) anthroponyms in the first and 681 (76%) in the second. In the latter there are 410 (~61%) anthroponyms derived from Christian names, 206 (3096) personal names derived from various Slavic appellatives, 35 (596) — of Germanic origin, 30 (496) — of unclear origin. In the article, as already mentioned, only the first group, i.e., anthroponyms of Lithuanian-Ugric origin — forming surnames or personal names that derive from them — are studied. In this case, V. Maciejauskienė’s opinion is followed that personal names of Lithuanian origin are only those that originated “from genetically own words of the Lithuanian language” (Maciejauskienė 1997b: 109). For example, these are the cases presented in the article: *Balčius —Balcziuf; (V, 1), cf. lit. baltas, -a "light, almost snow, milk color, etc." (LKŽ II 609-610); *Smilgius —[milgus (V, 225), cf. lit. smilgius, „whose land grows only blueberries“ (LKŽ XIII 173); *Sprindis, * Sprindys —[prindsia (kilm.; V, 85), cf. lit. sprindis, sprindys „a measure equal to the distance between the thumb and some other finger, spread out to the sides“ (LKŽ XIII 515); *Stulgis, *Stulgys —/tulgif (V, 174), cf. lit. stulgys „brasty tilvik“ (Tringa ochropus); rėksnys“ (LKŽ XIII 1022), poled „long rounded, oval; išdidus, išpūkės“ (ibid., 1022-1023) and others. 10 In the books of Kaunas vaito there are cases when the same person is mentioned several times. Therefore, sometimes the second member of the binary nomenclature naming the same person may have variants, cf. p. 149. Therefore, a certain error in calculation must be taken into account. 147 The 219 personnames examined have different forms. There are two main types of patronymic names: patronymic and non-patronymic names. The latter group is significantly larger. There are 109 (49.7%) anthroponyms, e.g. : Paul Belzgy (kilm.; V, 159), Piotr Bridziu (naud.; V, 159), Jan Burny (kilm.; V, 190), pawla Jedy (kilm.; V, 229), Mikolai Trumpof; (V, 60) and others. In the first group, 67 (30.6%) patronymic names. Some of them have Lithuanian patronymic suffixes -aitis, -(i)onis, -(i)ūnas, e.g. : Mikolaia Burbaic3a (kilm.; V, 150), Macjiei Manukaicsis (V, 16), Bernot Narufaicjif (V, 301); Janowi Jagminonis (naud.; V, 157), Jurgia Jagwilanis (kilm.; V, 77), Pawel Jafwilanif (V, 102); Pawlowy Gniew3unowi (naud.; V, 189), Gregier Sedeikun (V, 275) and others. Other names of this group are written with Slavic patronymic suffixes -evič, -ovi¢, e.g. : Macjieia Balffiewic3a (kilm.; V, 53),Thomas S; 5paliewic3 (V, 146), Crifitoph Zagarewic3 (V, 213); Bartholomeus Meylowic3 (V, 129), Jana Narkowyc3a (kilm.; V, 67), Janka Putphilophic3a (kilm.; V, 136), Jana Radwilowic3a (kilm.; V, 107), ftaniflawowi Wilbutowic3ow (naud.; V, 137) and others. Part, i.e. 43 (19.7%) of the investigated anthroponyms of Lithuanian origin —deminutive suffixes -elis (-elė), -ėlis (-ėlė), -ikas, -ikis, -ulis, -utis are Vedic, e.g. : Mikas Karwielis (V, 216), Janelis Kuprelis (V, 110), Jakubelia Pilvelia (kilm.; V, 120), Pawel Wergelify (V, 203); Janufį Kiermielis (V, 224), Jan Wawerela (V, 82); Tomafa Kruxdsika (kilm.; V, 293), Jakub Winxnikos (V, 174); Jan Winxnikis3 (V, 174); Jan Skorulis (V, 125, 292; V, 106); Jakub Pumpucsis (V, 86) and others. In some cases, these suffixes may also have a patronymic meaning (Zinkevičius 1977: 238; Maciejauskienė 1991: 229; 1994: 42). The personal names of the townspeople of Lithuanian origin are reconstructed from patronymic and non-patronymic anthroponyms. Their reconstructed genders are marked with an asterisk and written in alphabetical order in Lithuanian. Then, the names of persons recorded in historical sources are presented, on the basis of which the gender of the anthroponym was reconstructed. The reconstructed genders are compared with the current names and surnames in the Lithuanian Names Origin Dictionary (LVKŽ) and Lithuanian Surnames Dictionary (LPŽ). In some cases, leave several theoretically possible options. In the absence of exact matches in today's nomenclature, some more characteristic names of the corresponding root (or stem) are given. From the personal names recorded in the sources, the genders are reconstructed without patronymic suffixes. The Slavic patronymic suffixes -evič and -ovič are written in the Lithuanians of the Slavified anthroponyms, but it is believed that Lithuanians in the living language could have used Lithuanian patronymic suffixes (-aitis, -ėnas, -onis, -ūnas, etc.) in many cases (see Maciejauskienė 1994: 25-31). Mr. Zinkevičius acted differently! ! The patronymic is defined as "a personal name, with special suffixes, composed of the father of any member of the name." (Maciejauskienė 1991: 16). 148 Early a. 17th-century patronymics of Vilnius citizens with suffixes -evič, -ovič, reconstructing personal nouns suffix į su -oitis (plg. Zinkevičius 1977: 118). Reconstructed genders of patronymic be suffixes are preferable because ir often the same person in the researched sources (sometimes even on the same page) can be named in differently used genders of the second person, e.g.: piotr powirpanis (V, 102), piotra powirpowic3a — (kilm. ; V, 189, 262, 289, 302; V, 6, 9), Peter Powirpos (V, Tomaf; 50); fermuxnian (V, 168, 229), Tomato Jfermuxniu (naud. ; V, 261; V, 97, 146), Tomasa fermuxniewic3a (kilm. ; V, 305), Tomasu fermuxniewic su (naud. ; V, 134), Tomas Jermuxnianif (V. 177, 235), Tomas fermuxnif (V, Tomaf; 224), fermuxniewic3 (V, 261) ir t.t. In reconstructing the endings of the reconstructed binomial personal names, K. Būga’s opinion is followed that “binomial surnames can have endings in the singular noun with equal rights. ir -as or -a, -is" ir (Būga 1958: 224). The article uses anthroponymical terms, defined and discussed in the monograph „Lietuvių pavardžių susidarymas“**, The person names of Lithuanian origin discussed are divided into Lithuanian old binomial person names, their abbreviations and the latter’s prefix derivatives and nicknames (pronouns). They are presented in that order. Among the 29 anthroponyms of Lithuanian origin of the 16th century residents of Kaunas, there are those from which it is possible to reconstruct the old double-headed personal names. The following is a list of 15 such reconstructions (this represents 1996 of all reconstructed names). *Example: Orwidowic3a (kilm.; V, 139). Plg. db. v. Arvydas (LVKZ 80). *By-vil-is: Biwilys (V, 7), Biwilewics (V, 45, 210), Biwyljewic3owy (naud.; V, 196). Plg. db. pvd. "Bivilis, Bivylis, Byvilis (LPZ I 269)". *Dau-gint-as, *Dau-gint-is: Daugintowic3a (kilm.; V, 240). Plg. db. v. Daugintas (LVKZ 118), pvd. Germinated, Multiplying (LPZ 469). *Dau-gird-a, * Dau-gird-- as: Dowgierdowics (V, 22). Plg. db. v. Daūgirdas (LVKZ 118), pvd. Daiigirda, Datigirdas (LPZ 1 469). *Dau-nor- -a, *Dau-nor- -as: Dawnaranis (V, 247). Plg. db. v. Daūnoras (LVKZ 122), pvd. Dainora, Daūnora, Daunora, Daunoras, Daunéras (LPZ 1 473-474). *Eid-vil-as: Eydwilowics (V, 10, 54, 86, 94), Eydwilowic3a (kilm.; V, 107). Plg. db. v. Eidvilas (LVKZ 136). *Go-tart- -as: Gotarth (V, 23). Plg. db. v. Gotartas (LVKZ 185). *Jag-min- -as, *Jog-min- -as: Jegminonis (V, 157). Plg. db. v. Jogminas (LVKZ 206), pvd. Jagminas, Jagminas, Jogminas, Jogminas (LPZ I 783-784, 838). 12 Jy review zr. p. 12-19. 149 *Jog-vil-as: Jagwilanis (V, 77), Jagwilowic3u (naud. ; V, 24, 87, 135), Jagwilanif (V, 129, 156), Jagwilonia (kilm. ; V, 209). Plg. db. v. Jėgvilas (LVKŽ 207). *Mant-vil-a, *Mant-vil-as: Mantwilania (kilm. ; V, 77). Plg. db. v. Mantvilas (LVKZ 261), pvd. Manila, Manitvilas, Manitvilas, Mofitvila (LPZ II 155-156, 269). *Rad-vil-a, *Rad-vil-as: Radwilowic3a (kilm. ; V, 107). Plg. db. v. Radvilas (LVKŽ 306), pvd. Radvila, Radvila, Radvyla, Radvilas (LPŽ II 554). *Skir-mant-as: Skirmont (V, Plg. 188). db. v. Skirmantas (LVKZ 333), pvd. Skirmantas, Skirmantas, Skirmontas, Skirmontas (LPZ II 742-743). *Tao-vil-as: Tauthwilanis (V, Plg. 254). db. v. Taūtvilas (LVKZ 345). *Vil-but-as: Wilbutowicz (naud. ; V, 137). Plg. db. v. Wilbutas (LVKZ 372), pvd. Vilbutas, Vilbutas (LPZ II 1210). *Down-to-earth: Jaftawtaf (V, 201), Zaf/tawtowic3 (V, Plg. 245). db. v. Zéstautas (LVKŽ 390), pvd. Zastautas, Žėstautas (LPZ II 1276, 1345). As can be seen, the given old Lithuanian bi-stemmed personal names consist of at iš least a couple of dozen stems: ar-, by-, but-, dau-, eid-, gint-, gird-, go-, jog-, mant-, min-, nor, rad-, skir-, tart-, taut-, vyd-, vil-, žos-. The same or similar names are found in other 16th-century historical sources. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the number of individuals with double names gradually decreased in the documents of Kaunas municipal authorities. Abbreviations of Lithuanian old binomial personal names and their suffix derivatives Only 6 (7%) anthroponyms of Kaunas residents were found in the sources, which at least theoretically could be associated with abbreviations of binomial personal names and their suffix derivatives. They are reconstructed from 10 personal names recorded in sources. The number and location of these anthroponyms in Lithuanian names are treated ambiguously. Z. Zinkevičius is convinced that in the context of historical anthroponymy, the abbreviations of binomial personal names and their prepositional derivatives functioned very well. 13 Magistrato ir vaito knyga. 1603–1629) was a Baroness. F 7. No. 13855. The Magistrate's Book. 1604–1610. pp. 10. F 7. No. 13856. The Book of Vait. 1606–1608. pp. 16. F 7. No. 13859. The Book of Vaita, the Benchers, the Magistrate. 1608–1616, 1616–1618, and 1618–1620. F 7. No. 13860. Suolininky book. 1610–1622. F 7. No. 13861. Acta cora honorato judicio scabinalis civitatis Cavnensis... ab anno domini ~ 1662 ad annvm 1673. [Kaunas Benchers Book]. —VUBRS. F 7. No. 13865. The Magistrate's and Benchers' Book. 1683–1773. F 7. No. 13868. The Book of Records. 1738–1749. pp. 17. F 7. No. 13868, 2. The Book of Records. 1743–1748. pp. 4. F 7. No. 13868, 3. The Book of Records. 1749–1753. F 7. No. 13868, 4. 150 (plg. Zinkevičius 1988: 100). V. Maciejauskienė believes that higher weight XVIIn the 17th a. century anthroponymics these personal iš names did not really have (plg. Maciejauskienė 1991: 245-248; 1997a: 130). The origins of the creation of linguistic ir anthroponyms are not in doubt for researchers. A. Salys claims that these personal names are shortened from Lithuanian old two-stemmed anthroponyms, “usually retaining the sando stem of the first name, or have been one-stemmed since ancient times” (Salys 1983: 270). There are two types of anthroponyms of this type: 1) one plural of a double-vowel personal noun, e.g. : Noras: Nor-butas; 2) part of the second is added to one trunk, e.g. : Knystas: Knys-tautas et al. (Skardžius 1943: 440-441). Z. Zinkevičius states that from the abbreviations of the old two-case personal names various prepositional derivatives were formed, e.g. : Ginelis next to Ginas (: Gin-tautas), Darulis next to Daras (: Dargaila) and others (cf. Zinkevičius 1977: 230, The 237). following anthroponyms are attributable to the abbreviations of Lithuanian old binomial personal names and their prepositional derivatives. *Girdžius: Gird3iunos (V, 24, 90), Gyrdzyuna (kilm.; V, 238). It could be a double-sided anthroponym with sandu girdshortening. For him, see Db. v. Gird-mantas, Gird-vainas, Gird-vydas; Al-girdas, By -girdas, Daū-girdas (LVKZ 181-182; 69, 98, 118) and others. Db. plg. pvd. GirdZius (LPZ I 674). *Maniukas: Maniukaicjify (V, 16). The adverb -ukas derived from the old double-stemmed personal noun, having the root man-, the abbreviation *Manys or so on. For him, see Db. v. Masi-dravas, Mari-gailas, Mari-gaudas; Al-mantas, Ei-mantas (LVKZ 257-258; 71, 140) and so on. Db. plg. pvd. 154 (LPZ II 154). *Norka, *Norkys, *Norkus: Narcotic (kilm.; V, 243; V, 123). It could be an abbreviation of the old double-storey street *Norkantas or similar. Crazy. plg. db. v. Nor--bud, Nor-gail, Nor-gel; Bei-nora, Daū-nora, Ei-nora (LVKZ 289-290; 94,122, 141) and others. On the kanplg. db. v. Kant-mine, Kant-rim, Kant-vinas; Bu- -kant, Daii-kant, Géd-mantas (LVKZ 219-220; 103, 121) and others. Db. plg. pvd. Norka, Norkys, Norkus, Norkus, Norkus (LPZ 11 333-334). *Narusas, *Norusis, *Norusis: Narufaicif; (V, 301), Narufowicz (V, 209). The adverb is derived from the old double-stemmed personal name, having sanda nor-, the abbreviation *Norius or similar (LVKŽ 289). "Norge" (in Norwegian). Db. plg. pvd. 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325. *Rimka, * Rimkus: Rimkowic3 (V, 222). It could be a double-sided avd. Rimkantas or similar abbreviation. For the rimplg. db. v. Rim-butas, Rim-daugas, Rim-gailas; Aū-rimas, Būt-rimas, Ei-rimas (LVKZ 313-314; 87, 106, 141). Db. plg. pvd. "Rimka, Rimkus, Rimkus, Rymkus" (LPŽ II 609-610). *Rimušis: Rymuffewic3 (V, 135). Adjectives - derivative of an old double-stemmed personal name with sanda rim-, abbreviation Rimas or similar. For the rimplg. *Roman (see). 151 Among the investigated anthroponyms of Kaunas residents of Lithuanian origin, there are mostly nicknames. They are related to specific Lithuanian nouns, adjectives and verbs. The following are 63 (7496) anthroponyms of the spoken group, reconstructed from 180 personal names recorded in sources. *Balčius: Balcziuf (V, 301), Balczia (kilm.; V, 1). Plg. db. pvd. Balčius (LPZ 1 170). *Balsys: Bolfia (kilm.; V, 295), Bolfia (kilm.; V, 215), Balffiewicsa (kilm. ; V, Plg. 53). db. pvd. Voice, voices (LPZ 1176). *Belzga: Belzga (V, 138, 159). Perhaps related to lit. bélzginti "nothing to touch" (LKŽ I 742). *Braidys: Broydfiu (used; V, 184); Broydsifs (V,213). From lit. braidyti "to break; mindyti brendant“ (LKZ I 184) or similar. *BridZius: Bridsiu (naud.; V, 220). Plg. db. pvd. Bridzius (LPZ I 308). *Burba: Burba (V, 53), Burbaiczia (kilm.; V, 150). Plg. db. pvd. Burba (LPŽ I 353). *Burbazentis: Burbogziecsis (V, 107), Burbosetifs (V, 126, 190, 236, 248), Burbojentis (V, 32,157, 181, 187). "Anthroponym: *Burb-a-- Zentis". The first sands from avd. *Burba or similar, cf. db. pvd. 353 pp. ; 2nd ed. Zentas "daughter's husband; uzkurys’ (DLKZ 954)’. *Burna: Burny (kilm.; V, 190). For the burnplg. db. pvd. Bumnaditis, Burnalis, Burneika, Burnčika, Burneikis, Burnekaitis, Burnelaitis, Burnélis, Burnialis, Burnys and others (LPZ I 358-359). *Dwilis: Dwilis (V, 112, 186; V, 450), Dwilifs (V, 58). Plg. db. pvd. Dvilys, Dwylis, Dvylys (LPZ I 549). *Gniauzius: Gniawjiuf; (V, 159), Gniewjunowi (naud.; V, 113, 184). Plg. avd. *Gniauzis (Zinkevičius 1977: 144). | *Black, *Black: Jedi (origin; V, 229), Jodif (V, 146; V, 201). Plg. db. pvd. 1858) and John (b. *Kabaldis: Kobaldif; (V, 21). From lit. kabalda "who goes slowly, serving, cabalduing; 4-5)" (PDF). *Left, *Left: Kayris (V, 112, 163), Kairis (V, 265), KayryfG (V, 315), Kayrif; (V, 132). Plg. db. pvd. 888) and Left (c. *Kapkasys: capcasion (V, 185). "There's a hole in the ground, a hole in the grave". duobkasys’ (LKŽ V 222). *Kalvelis: Karwielis (V, 216). Plg. db. pvd. 936) (p. 936). *Keida: Kieidy (kilm.; V, 67, 90). 1977. pp. 153. "Zinkevičius 1977: 153". 14 For compound names with sandu žentdar see. Maciejauskienė 1973: 177–181; 1991: 30. 152 *Travel: Language (kilm.; V, 127). Plg. db. pvd. Travelling, Travelling (LPŽ I 968-969). *Kimeklis: Kimeklif (V, 144), Kimeklis (V, 229), Kymeklya (kilm.; V, 12). Plg. db. pvd. Kimėklis (LPZ I 995). *Kirmėlis: Kiermielia (kilm.; V, 154; V, 195), Kiermielis (V, 224). Plg. db. pvd. "Kirmela, Kirmelaitis, Kirmėlė, Kirmelėvičius, Kirminas (LPZ I 1001)". But plg. "S.A.S. 135" (PDF) (2nd ed.). *Kiškelžentis: Kis3kielzentis (V, 52), Kifkielzentis (V, 231). "About Us". *Kiškel-žentis. The first sand from avd. * Bunny or similar, cf. db. pvd. 1006), the second from Lit. Zentas "daughter's husband; uzkurys® (DLKZ 954). *Kojelé: Kaiela (V, 72), Kayela (V, 73, 205, 248). Plg. db. pvd. Coils (LPZ 1 1039). *KriugZdikas, *Krugidikas: Kruxdjika (kilm.; V, 293). Del kriugzd-, krugzdplg. db. pvd. "Krugzda, Krugzda, Krūgždas" (LPZ I 1083, 1089). *Kuprelis: Kuprelis (V, 110). Plg. db. pvd. Kuprelis (LPZ 11128). *Lankelis: Lankielis (V, 175), Lankyel (V, 222). Plg. db. pvd. Lankėlis, Lankialis (LPZ II 21). *Lauželis: Law3elis (V, 132). For the laužplg. *Lauzius (see). *Laužius: Law (V, 78). Plg. db. pvd. 37 (LP). *Meilius, * Meilus: meylowic3 (V, 4, 129, 135, 143, 154; V, 3), Meylowic3a (kilm.; V, 4), Mieilowic3a (kilm.; V, 154), Meiliowic3u (naud.; V, 143), Meilu (naud.; V, 4), Mieitowicj3u (naud.; V. 217). Plg. db. pvd. Meilius, Meilus (LPZ II) 199-200). *Ozel: O3elif (V, 275), Azelis (V, 5), Oselis (V, 60). Plg. db pvd. "GAZ-2356" (PDF). "Ozys (zr.)" (in German). *Goat: A3yfG (V, 151), Osis (V, 110). Plg. db. pvd. OZys (LPZ II 357). * Pajuodélis: Poyodelis (V, 85, 149), Poiodelifs (V, 136, 217, 218). From lit. pajiodelelis "dark-faced, dark-haired; pajuodes, juodokas, nevala, suskretelis* (LKZ IX 133). Db. plg. pvd. 369 pp. (2nd ed.). *Parselis: porffela (kilm.; V, 58), Parfzelis (V, 137, 147), porfelify (V, 308), Porfelia (kilm.; V, 26, 50, 63, 81, 198), Porfelis (V, 84; V, 109). Plg. db. pvd. Piglet (LPZ 11 397). *Pavirpas: powirpanis (V, 102), powirpowic3a (kilm.; V, 189, 262, 289, 302; V, 6, 9), Powirpos (V, 50). It could be from Lit. pavirpis, -é "conductor, bottler", pavirpas "poor, impoverished", pavirpa "erzintojas" (LKŽ IX 698) or similar. *Pempė: Pempe (V, 206). Plg. db. pvd. 427 pp. (2nd ed.). *Pilvelis: pylwelya (kilm.; V, 65, 187), pilwelia (kilm.; V, 149). Plg. db. pvd. 458 pp. (PDF). *PlikaZentis: Plikozentis (V, 59, 139, 252), plikozentis (V, 201). Compound personal name: *Plik-a-Zentis. The first stanza from avd. * Naked or similar, cf. db. pvd. 476 pp. (2nd ed.). Zéntas "daughter's husband, husbandman" (DLKZ 954). 153