Vakarų aukštaičių kauniškių dvigarsiai: kiekybės santykiai

193s aipsniai / a icles iMa bakŠienė Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as Mokslinių y imų k yp ys: dialek ologija, geoling is ika, ekspe- I 's called imen al phone ics, phonology. Vaka Ų aukŠ aiČiŲ kauniŠkiŲ dViga siai: As a as he ela ionship is conce ned, he slang has di e en p onouns: in he Ma ijampolese he diph hongs o Wes highlande s in kaunas a ea: Quan i a i e a io ano acija s aipsnyje ekspe imen iniais me odais analizuojama aka ų aukš aičių kauniškių (Vak) ijų šnek ų – Ma ijampolės, Vilka iškio i Šakių – miš iųjų d iga sių kiekybė. i iamosioms slang, he longes o he wel e p eposi ions i, u, he Shakian slang has he so-called con inuous p onoun, and he Vilka iškis slang has none o hese ea u es, so i s p onoun alphabe is he closes o he common language. The a icle also discusses he in e p e a ion and ma king o he dual quan i y in he adi ion o Li huanian dialec ology. In he Ma ijampolė and Vilka iškis syllables hey a e signi ican ly longe han he co esponding i agalius, and in he Šakių syllable his di e ence y imo ezul a ai pa odė, kad isose šnek ose ilgiausi y a i ap adžiai d iga siai su dėmenimis in leng h is no signi ican . he o al du a ion o he double-sided i, u is less. Visose šnek ose ski umas a p šios g upės i ap adžių i i agalių d iga sių y a labai mažas. Pi mojo dėmens ukmė neabejo inai y a s a bus d iga sių su dėmenimis a, e p iegaidžių požymis Ma ijampolės i Vilka iškio šnek ose. Šakių šnek oje pi mojo dėmens ukmė nelai- ky ina esminiu p iegaidžių požymiu. ai susiję su šnek oje egzis uojančia ęs ine p iegaide. d iga sių su dėmenimis i, u g upėje pi mojo dėmens ukmė aiškiai ski ia p iegaides ik Ma- ijampolės šnek oje, o Vilka iškio i Šakių šnek ose šis požymis nes a bus. The double-leng h s okes a, e in all s okes a e conside ed as hal -leng hs, and he s okes i, u in he Ma ijampolė and Šakių s okes […] as hal -leng hs, Vilka iškio […] as sho ones. All double-sided shell-shaped pieces a e conside ed as hal -leng h, because o he con inuous gap. These wo ds: dialec ology, Li huanian dialec s, mixed p onuncia ion, a i al, signs o quan i y. keyWo ds: dialec ology, Li huanian dialec s, semi-diph hong, syllable accen , quan i a i e ea u e. ac a Linguis ica Li uanica 194 LXXI anno a ion elonga es he i s componen s o acu e accen s iMa bakŠienė wi h i and u; The Sakya subdialec possesses he longes diph hongs, he acu e diph hongs con aining a and e, and i is ypical o all subdialec s. hey a e subs an ially longe in Ma ijampolė he a icle analyses he quan i y o semi-diph hongs in h ee subdialec s o Wes highland- e s in kaunas a ea (he eina e e e ed o as Vak) namely: Ma ijampolė, Vilka iškis and Šakiai. he esea ched subdialec s ea u e a ious syllable accen allo ones: Ma ijampolė subdialec and Vilka iškis subdialec s han ci cum lex a ian s; Meanwhile in Shakia subdialec his di e ence called con inuous accen , meanwhile Vilka iškis subdialec has none o he a o emen ioned ea u es hus he p osodic composi ion o diph hong syllables is closes o he s anda d language. he a icle also discusses he he in e p e a ion o Vak diph hongs quan i y and ma king in Li huanian adi ion o dialec ology. in leng h is no so sha p. he common leng h o diph hongs wi h i and u is sho e . he di e ence be ween he acu e and ci cum lex diph hongs o his g oup is e y sligh . The componen s o acu e diph hongs a and e a e conside ed as semi long, and componen s i and u a y in subdialec s: in Ma ijampolė and Šakiai hey a e conside ed as semi long, meanwhile in Vilka iškis subdialec hey a e sho . all componen s o ci cum lex diph hongs in Shakia subdialec a e conside ed as semi long and he leng h o he i s componen o diph hongs wi h a and e is an impo an accen ea u e in Ma ijampolė and Vilka iškis subdialec s. he du a ion o he i s componen in Šakiai subdialec is no conside ed as a c ucial ea u e o accen . i is ela ed o he exis ing con inu- ous accen p e ailing in he subdialec . in he g oup o diph hongs wi h i and u he du a ion o he i s componen clea ly dis inguishes accen s only in Ma ijampolė subdialec , meanwhile in Vilka iškis and Šakiai subdialec s his ea u e loses impo ance. elonga ed due o con inuous accen . 1.Addi ional no es I ha e no ecei ed any expe imen al esea ch on he high-al i ude cauli lowe mix u es o he Wes un il now. Li huanian dialec ologis s desc ibe he cha ac e is ics o hei du a ion mainly in clea ik iš klausos. aki aizdu, kad d iga sių i jų dėmenų kiekybė p iklauso i nuo suda- omųjų elemen ų kokybės, i nuo p iegaidės į akos. bend inėje kalboje u ima gana co ela ion wi h he p e ixes: he leng h o he owels a, e ex ends o hal he leng h; he i, u and o eign-o igin […], […] emains umpi2; he second ow ex ends o hal he leng h o all quad a ic digi s (see mo e Pake ys 2003: 134135, 220). In he dialec ological li e a u e, i is mainly discussed he quan i y o he i s owel o he Vak i ap adžių. I is ag eed by he esea che s ha in all Vak 1 a icles, only p ima y duplica es a e analysed, no seconda y duplica es a e discussed. 2 Howe e , i mus be acknowledged ha such a model exis s only as an ideal aspi a ion, as many use s o he common language end o delay and i mly insis on dual use. Vaka ų aukš aičių kauniškių d iga siai: kiekybės san ykiai The leng h o he a icles in pa ag aphs 195 is inc eased, bu his inc ease is no conside ed o be o he same deg ee. Ea ly and long- e m (klnas, klmas). This se da buose labiau įp as a many i, kad ki čiuo i dėmenys a, e Vak ealizuojami designa ion is ound in many publica ions o he second hal o he 20 h cen u y (zinke ičius 1966; 1994; Lk 1970; Lka 1982: 68 maps; Ma ke ičienė 20013). In mo e ecen wo ks, he Vak i mly adi ional ga men s a, e a e mo e o en conside ed as hal -leng hs4 (ká.lnas, k.lmas) (Lk 2003; bace ičiū ė 2004; Vakka 2005; ŠŠ 2006; ga 2008; ja 2013). only he long a·, e· a e mo e commonly ma ked in he ex s o he eas e n pa o he o es (ja osla ienė 2010). The ma king o hese owels in he wo ks o dialec ologis s is usually gene alized, uni o m, only in he dialec s o he ch es oma ijos“ (Lk ch 2004) engėjų s eng asi žymė i pagal konk e ų a imą, Li huanian language i is domina ed by semi-long owels a., e., bu he e a e also occasional long owels. In he case o he Vak a ea, he e is a g ea e a ia ion in logų da buose aip pa žymimi ne ienodai. adiciškai many a, kad šiau aka inė- je kauniškių dalyje šie dėmenys nepakin a nei kiekybiškai, nei kokybiškai. okią he numbe o double-b eas ed dogs. hey dialec omon and he co esponding ma king (p mas, kú mis) a e ound in many ea ly wo ks (zinke ičius 1966; 1994; Lk 1970; Lka 1982: 20 maps.; Ma ke ičienė 2001). whe e i is men ioned ha he e a e occasional cases o hal -leng h ga men s, e.g. In he ea ly 20 h cen u y, mo e expe imen al esea ch (see below), i has been sugges ed ha in his pa o he poem, oo, he i, u a e no sho , bu hal -leng h. bu hey a e e y open, so hey a e quali a i ely dis inc om long owels (p[…]. mas, k[…]. mis). We ind his ma king in many mo e ecen wo ks (Lk 2003; bace ičiū ė 2004; Lk ch 2004; ŠŠ 2006; ja 2013). In some simpli ied ansc ip s o w i en ex s, especially hose o schools, his, while s ill an objec o discussion, is no eco ded, bu sho sen ences i, u a e w i en (Vakka 2005; ga 2008). Acco ding o ea lie sou ces (Zinke ičius 1966; 1994; Lk . 1970; Lka 1982: 20), he elonga ion o he i, u o he igh - la double owels (up o he long owels) begins a he app oxima e line o he beau i ul […]Šunska[…]kazlų ūda[…] […]kiškė[…]ka […] nas5 se is also a gene ally ixed elonga ion o he i, u owels, bu hei leng h a ies […] in he longe cases, bu i has also been eco ded in he semici cles (Lk . 2003; Lk . 2004; V. Al hough he publica ion was published a he beginning o he 20 h (ž . 1 pa .) i apima isą pie y inę Vak dalį. naujesniuose da buose šiose šnek o- cen u y, bu mos o he ex s we e w i en a he end o he 20 h cen u y, he au ho o he publica ion adhe es o he olde gene a ion o dialec ologis s close o he p inciples o ansc ip ion. 4 Un o una ely, mos o he newe sou ces ha e so a been d awn only om he no he n pa o he Vak, so hey do no illus a e he en i e sys em o Vak di e gences. 5 I should be no ed ha he maps o he Li huanian language's ch es oma ic dialec s a e no based on he pag indu. Lka engėjų žemėlapiai b aižy i ik pagal duomenis, su ink us iš klausos, ekspe imen iniais Lka maps o he ime. The e o e, maps (especially hose dedica ed o phone ic ea u es) do no always e lec he eal si ua ion in he mid-20 h cen u y, and he localiza ion o many 20 h-cen u y isoglyphs may ha e changed. In he u u e, i will be necessa y o e ine he maps on he basis o he esul s o expe imen al esea ch. 196 ac a iMa bakŠienė Linguis ica Li huanica LXXI 1 P a V. Vac a ea and main isoglosses6 6 The map is compiled by he au ho o he a icle based on he map o he Kauniškių pa a mės in he Li huanian language dic iona y (Vilnius, 2004). Vaka ų aukš aičių kauniškių d iga siai: kiekybės san ykiai 197 a icles by a icle The i agalių di e gen p onuncia ion and hei ma king in dialec ologis s' wo ks a e also inconsis en . P oblems a e caused by he no he n pa o he ca es, which has a b igh , i m en ance and a con inuous en ance (see Fig. 1). This alo on is desc ibed in many wo ks dedica ed o he egion, bu un o una ely, i s ea u es a e also only hea d in sou ces om ea lie yea s. I is emphasized ha he s ong a achmen is sio dėmenis, ku ių ne ik an asis, be i pi masis gauna am ik ą spūdį i y a pa- ex ended h ough bo h bicycles o bicycles (zinke ičius 1966: 36; 1994: 32; Lk 1970: 29; Lka 1982: 125). In he wo ks o dialec ologis s, his a ian o he p onoun has so a been ma ked in h ee ways: 1) he leng hening o he owels and he openness o he non-na i e7 ( kas, kũpas) (Lk 1970; Ma ke ičienė 2001; Vakka 2005); 2) bo h cases a e ma ked wi h a hal -leng h, i, u openness is unknown ( ..kas, kũ..pas) (zinke ičius 1966; 1994); 3) bo h pieces a e semi-long, ma ked i, u openness ( . .kas, k. .pas) (Lk 2003; bace ičiū ė 2004; Lk ch 2004; ŠŠ 2006; ga 2008; ja 2013). Thus, mos esea che s conside bo h o hese wo-dimensional uni s o be hal -leng hs, ques ioning only he openness o i, u (see mo e b oadly Bace ičiū ė 2005: 42). In he sou he n pa o he Vak, whe e he e is no con inuous access, he wi led c ossed double is said o be almos he same e e ywhe e, emphasizing and leng hening he second piece, usually i is conside ed hal -leng h. 2.Expe imen al me hods o expe imen al phone ics ha e so a only examined in mo e de ail he owels o he no he n pa o he Vak (Shaki-shek os) in he Uppe Caucasian dialec . I has been ound ha he a io o he leng hs o he igh ends o he leng hs o he igh ends (bo h gene al and indi idual) is uns able, al hough i ends o be sligh ly longe han he igh ends. The cha ac e is ics o he du a ion canno be signi ican o di e en ia e he wo- one app oaches o his pa o he Vak, hey a e mo e impo an han he pa ame e s o he main one: he ange ( he i m- one doubles a e much wide ) and he peak ise ime ( he i m- one doubles a e much ea lie ) (see mo e de ail in bace ičiū ė 2004: 86[…]113). Mos o he expe imen alis s' a en ion in he no he n pa o he Vak is de o ed o he i mly-es ablished diph hongs wi h he owels i, u. These owels a e compa ed wi h he sepa a e sho owels i, u and long owels i·, u·. I was ound ha he double-headed eagle is app oxima ely 1.7 imes longe han he sho -headed eagle and only 0.8 imes sho e han he long-headed eagle. he mo e common semi-open, igh - i ing double-b eas ed coa s […], […]. The Commission he e o e concludes ha he aid is compa ible wi h he in e nal ma ke wi hin he meaning o A icle 107 (3) (c) o he T ea y. In some places, wo ci cumsc ip ions da oma iš ada, kad didžiajai daliai šiau inių Vak šnek ų (kaip i pie ų žemaičiams a e w i en abo e bo h sides, and in some places, one is long. This is mos likely due o a ia ions in he echnical capabili ies o he p in ing p ess. 198 iMa bakŠienė ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXI 3. y iMo iksLas, MedŽiaga, Me odika Šiame s aipsnyje išsamiai analizuojama ijų Vak šnek ų – Ma ijámpolės, The quan i y o mixed doubles o Vilka ski and Šaki. he samples selec ed o he s udy, ep ezen uojančios Vak a ealus, u inčius ski ingus d iga sinių skiemenų p ozo- dinius požymius (ž . 1 pa ., 1 len elę). This is Len e. Symp oms o p o uding ea d ums Šnek a PoŽyMis M j 8 Vlk Šk p dėmenų i, u ilginimas + – – con inuous wai ing […] […] + The main pu pose o he a icle is o discuss in de ail he quan i a i e pa e n o he double skies o he wes e n pa o he Wes and i s co ela ion wi h he p osodic elemen s (p iegaids). Subs an i e asks: (1) o es ablish he quan i a i e cha ac e is ics o he double-sided acuum cleane s unde in es iga ion; 2) o su dėmenimis i, u kiekybės požymius; 3) pa eik i ijų ski ingų a ealų d iga sių es ablish he p opo ions o he quan i ies o he duplica es o he in es iga i e acancies and o es ablish he gene al p opo ions o he quan i ies o he duplica es o he wes e n pa o he acancy. Medžiaga į ašy a šiose ie o ėse: Ma ijampolės ajone – Ma ijampolės seniū- nijos s e lcos kaime, esančiame maždaug 10 km į pie aka ius nuo Ma ijampolės; Vilka iškio ajone – Pãje onio seniūnijos laukio kaime, esančiame maždaug 20 km į pie aka ius nuo Vilka iškio; Šakių . – Lukši mies elyje, esančiame maždaug 8 km y us nuo Šakių (ž . 1 pa .). y ime daly a o po 6 dik o ius iš kiek ienos ie o ės (po 3 mo e is i 3 y us, mokančius gim ąją šnek ą; s eng asi, kad a p jų The e would be bo h younge and olde gene a ions. The me hod o eco ding was as ollows: a dic iona y ha knew he syllable well would say he app op ia e sen ence, and he dic iona y would epea i h ee o i e imes. In he sho sen ences, he ollowing wo ds a e w i en wi h he necessa y owels: he was e y upse . The child has done e e y hing; Thou has come, hou has come, hou has come, hou has come, hou has come, hou has come, hou has come, hou has come, hou has come. The message was: li le epa in he e in he po ; 8 abb e ia ions a e explained a he end o he a icle. 9 o helping o eco d he ma e ial hanked colleague ma ijampoliške onai alekna ičien and Vilka iški sigi ai Langai ienei. 10 Ins ead o he Ma ijampolė line, he sen ence Megz inį a[…]s nupi ko is w i en, because he wo d liškių ki čiuojamas i ap adiškai. Vaka ų aukš aičių kauniškių d iga siai: kiekybės san ykiai 199s aipsniai / a icles amsą ma ijampošé as is w i en: as e ully changed he wood; I 's da k now, i was da k yes e day. The šniū as; mano žén as pada ė : ienas ceñ as nuk i o; sulūžo l as pe upę : da( ) ši as as puodas; jai sk as bu o : udenį skis a os ankos; labai kms a as aikas : kie ai kiš as as skilandis; aka spn ą pi kom : asa ą spiñ a os musės; iesiog (už)pùl as11 o b udo : isas pukas a ėjo; jau (pa)kù as as pečius : isas u as p a- able was pushed: i was comple ely emp y; The child came o us in he sp ing. The compu e ised sound analysis p og amme P aa segmen ed he sounds and calcula ed he o al du a ion o he duplica ion (ms) and he du a ion o he i s epe i ion (ms, pe cen )12. The da a is hen uploaded o ExCEL, whe e he equi ed du a ion a e ages a e calcula ed and g aphs a e d awn. 4. bend oji ukMė (absoLiu usis iLguMas) Pi miausia p a a u paanalizuo i a ski ų Vak šnek ų d iga sių ukmės eiles (ž . 2 len elę). jose galima pas ebė i d iga sių sa aiminės (p iklausančios nuo dėmenų kokybės) i unkcinės (lemiamos p iegaidės) ukmės są eiką14 ski ingo- se šnek ose. I can be seen in he able ha he longes o all he slopes is he s onges slope wi h he slopes a, e.g. he longes slope o Ma ijampolė and Vilka iški slopes is él (327, 277 ms) and Šakių én (240 ms). A he op o he able you can see he i s , albei unknown, di e ences in syllables: a he op o he lis s o Ma ijampolė and Vilka iškis he e a e only s ongly p onounced double owels, and Šakių is e y long and some s ongly p onounced […] e[…] (240 ms), a[…] (230 ms). In he case o he i s eigh digi s o his leng h, i was expec ed ha he i s eigh digi s o all he digi s would be he i s wo digi s wi h he le e s a, e, bu he eigh h digi s would be he i s wo digi s wi h he le e s e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e. oje ie oje a sidū ė i agaliai – Ma ijampolės i Šakių añ (269, 213 ms), Vilka- iškio – eñ (236 ms). 11 Remo e unnecessa y wo d p e ixes when segmen ing ma e ial. A icle 12 does no deal wi h he du a ion o he second sen ence because, as can be seen om he li e a u e e iewed, he second sen ence o he Vaca ion is no p oblema ic and, in mos cases, i s du a ion depends on he du a ion o he i s sen ence. The o al du a ion o a wo d is de e mined by he absolu e leng h, because he pai s o wo ds in ques ion we e no minimal in mos cases, so i was no possible o calcula e he ela i e du a ion o he wo d, i.e. wha pa o he o al wo d du a ion is occupied by he du a ion o he wo d. In he absence o minimum pai s, i is possible o calcula e only he ela i e du a ion o he indi idual pai s o wins, i.e. wha pa o he wins is Šis san ykis s aipsnyje eiškiamas i ap a iamas p ocen ais. occupied by his wins. 14 Fo he e ms sel -con ol and unc ional p osody, see The Pake ys 1982: 10. 200 ac a iMa bakŠienė Linguis ica Li huanica LXXI 2 The Len e. The o al du a ion o he double queue (ms) is he o al du a ion o he double queue (ms) M Vlk Šk. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . 1. el 327 el 277 and 240 2. a 305 and 252 e […] 240 3. and 284 ém 251 el 233 4. is 283 am 248 a 232 5. ám 281 én 241 a 230 6. is 279 e 239 an 228 7. ai 279 o 236 o 216 8. añ 269 eñ 236 añ 213 9. ál 267 á 235 eñ 213 10. om 260 o 235 o 211 11. om 251 o 229 o 210 12. […]n 250 yea s 228 o 208 13. eñ 247 iñ 221 e 208 This is no he case. 14. […]l 247 a[…] 214 o he 15. a […] 247 a […] 212 and 203 16. u[…] 243 i[…] 210 up o 201 17. om 238 o 209 o 199 18. […] 233 u[…] 209 e[…] 198 19. […]m ún 232 208 in 194 20. […] 233 u[…] 209 e[…] 198 19. […]m ún 232 208 in 194 20. […]m […]m […]m […]m […]m[…]m […]m[…]m[…]m[…] is he name o he song ha is being played. […]m 231 e[…] 207 a[…] 194 This is he i s ime ha his has happened. 21. 229 o 194 22. e 228 u 205 úm 192 23. u 226 196 ú 192 25. e 222 m 192 m 174 Summing up hese ini ial obse a ions, i can be said ha he common u les o he wo-headed snakes ha e 24. uñ 225 u 195 ám 190 longe han he co esponding s ems, bu in he Shakian snakes his di e ence is no 26. a[…] 220 […] l 192 and 173 27. om 219 o 191 o 173 28. […] 218 […] 191 […] 169 This is he i s ime ha his has happened. 29. a[…] 208 o 183 o 168 30 and 206 and 181 and 167 31 205 179 147 o which: 32. om 198 o 175 o 141 Vaka ų aukš aičių kauniškių d iga siai: kiekybės san ykiai The di e ence be ween Ma ijampolė and Vilka iškio šnek ų is highligh ed in he second o he a icles (916 pages): he e Ma ijampolė's šnek os s ood i mly doubled wi h he edges a, e and i mly p ayed wi h i, u, and Vilka iško […] only i mly wi h a ious dėmemis i, u goodly longe . The second oc a e o he Shakian syllable is e y nimis. aigi ma y i, kad Ma ijampolės šnek os i ap adžiai d iga siai su dėmeni- hin, and i is di icul o see any clea e ends. In he hi d eigh -line (17[…]24 lines) Ma ijampogiau doubles wi h lace a, e. Len eles a he bo om (25[…]32 lines) In he lės i Vilka iškio šnek ose dominuoja d iga siai su dėmenimis i, u, o Šakių – dau- Ma ijampolė syllable almos only he s ongly doubles wi h a ious lace, Vilka iškio and Šakių […] s ongly and s ongly, bu only wi h lace i, u. The sho es ones a e Ma ijampolė's lace u[…] ms., Vilka i (198[…] 175 lines), Šaki […] i[…] (1 ms). signi ican ; The only di e ences be ween he wo g oups a e ha he Ma ijampolė kmės eilės iš yškino okias endencijas: i ap adžiai d iga siai su dėmenimis a, e slopes a e i mly di ided in o wo slopes, he Vilka iški and Šakių slopes a e no dis inc . Fu he mo e, he wo-dimensionali ies should be discussed sepa a ely: wi h he uni s a, e and i, and hei quan i a i e ela ionships and dependence on he hos in all h ee compa isons a e e y di e en . Looking a he doubles wi h he d essing a, e common leng h (see Figu e 24, Table 3), i can be no iced ha he a ios o he doubles o he wi ap ads and he wi agals o his g oup a e simila in he Ma ijampolė and Vilka iškio s okes, bu comple ely di e en in he Šakių s okes. Ma ijampolė and Vilka iškio s ongholds a e wice as long as he s ongholds. The a e age o al du a ion o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins o he wins. The di e ence in he du a ion o he Vilka iškis snake's ducks is smalle , wi h co esponding a e ages and a ios o […] 247 and 221 ms (1,12: 1), he only s a is ically eliable di e ence in he du a ion o ducks wi h ducks is a. The o al du a ion o he wi l pa e ns o he wi l pa e ns and he wi l wis s is p ac ically he same […] 215 and 213 ms (1,01: 1), as con i med by he s a is ical e alua ion: in bo h cases he signi icance o he s uden 's c i e ion is lowe han he 95 pe cen p obabili y signi icance. A comple ely di e en ela ionship can be seen in he g aphs and he able showing he o al du a ion o he double-sided and double-sided i, u (see Figu e 5[…]7, Table 4). In e ms o he du a ion o he pa ne ship, he Ma ijampolė and Šakių šnek ų doubles a e mo e simila . The a e age o al du a ion o he wis ed and wis ed wis s o he Ma ijampolė snail o his g oup is 238 and 219 ms (1.09: 1) and ha o he Shaki […] 189 and 177 ms (1.07: 1). Howe e , only Ma ijampolė snails a e s a is ically eliable. 208 ac a iMa bakŠienė Linguis ica Li huanica LXXI When compa ing he du a ion o he i s pai o wins in he s udy, wo hings s and ou : in all he wins, he longe he wins a e, he mo e likely hey a e o be wins. Ma ijampolės kno s a e all i mly oo ed and end o las longe han he kno s o he o he wo. These ends a e con i med by du a ion a e ages and a ios. Ma ijampolė, Vilka iškio and Šakių e ap adžių doubles wi h a, e he du a ion o he i s doubles is on a e age 191, 155 and 135 ms (1,42: 1,15: co esponding doubles wi h i, u […] 132, 88 and ms (1,5: 1,16). he di e ences in he du a ion o he i s pieces o wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed mojo dėmens ukmės idu kiai y a 124, 116 i 130 ms (1,07 : 1 : 1,12), a i inka- wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed wis ed. Ma ijampolė, Vilka iškio and Šakių di ing wi h di ing a, e i s di ing wi h di ing i, u […] 108, 91 and 98 ms19 (1, 1: 1.08). My i s ime on he ack. (P ocen ile iLguMas) The mo e p ecise quan i a i e ela ionships and di e ences be ween he s udies e eal he pe cen age leng h s udies o he i s pa . In hese s udies, i was calcula ed wha pe cen age o he o al du a ion o he duplica ion is he du a ion o he i s i em. […] esul s in able 10. This is Len e. Du a ion o he i s nigh o he double nigh (pe cen ) Examples Du a ion o he Du a ion o he i s ba ch i s ba ch (pe cen age) Du a ion o he i s ba ch (pe cen age) M j Vlk Šk M j Vlk Šk The ons o ollowing he able calcula i- summa i- on o he ses he ollowing esul s indica o- o he s: calcula i- 67,6 63,0 I is po e y es ima - in he ed ha Eu opean 57,8 54,3 he Union is numbe be ween o people 66 and li ing in 59,1 and ha he numbe o people li ing in po e y in he Eu opean Union is be ween 55,5 and 44,2. This is o ob ain he i s a ime s a eme- 57,8 60,1 ha he n om Commiss- he ion has Membe been able S a es on he compa ibili y o he aid wi h he in e nal ma ke in acco dance wi h A icle 107 (3) (c) TFEU. k<él> as: p<u>kas 64,7 62,7 47,4 47,7 p<úl> as: 70,1 52,3 62,0 55,7 52,3 61,2 <e>pa 49,1 50,4 The on: (i) he ollowing o al able numbe summa i- o days in ses he he esul s calenda o he yea calcula i- p ecedi- ng he he o al calenda numbe yea in o days in which he he calenda calcula i- yea on was p ecedi- made; (ii) ng he calenda numbe yea in o days in which he he calenda calcula i- yea in on was which made; (iii) he he o al calcula ion was made; (i ) he o al numbe o days in he calenda yea in which he calcula ion was made: Vaka ų aukš aičių kauniškių d iga siai: kiekybės san ykiai 209s aipsniai / a icles d iga sių su dėmenimis a, e g upėje (ž . 14–16 pa ., 11 len elę) panašus pi - mojo dėmens p ocen inis ilgumas y a Ma ijampolės i Vilka iškio šnek ose. Ma i- The i s decimal poin o he jampolės šnek os i ap adžių d iga sių is 66,4, and lių – 52,5 p oc. (1,27 : 1), Vilka iškio a i inkamai – 62,8 i 52,5 p oc. (1,2 : 1), šiuos ski umus pa emia i s a is inis e inimas. Visai ki okia padė is Šakių šnek- he second decimal poin is 66,4. The esul s o he pe cen age leng h e en mo e šioje šnek oje nė a eikšmingas k i e ijus p iegaidėms ski i. Šakių šnek os šios g upės i ap adžių d iga sių pi masis dėmuo suda o 62,9, o i agalių – 61 p oc. (1,03 : 1), ski umai ne eikšmingi s a is iškai. 14–16 PaV. Vak i ap adžių i i agalių d iga sių su pi maisiais dėmenimis a, e clea ly show ha he du a ion o he i s laye is he du a ion o he i s laye (p oc.) 1719 PaV. Du a ion o he i s wo yea s o he i s and second yea s o he i s yea o he i s yea o he i s yea o he i s yea o he i s yea o he i s yea o he i s yea o he i s yea o he i s yea o he i s yea o he i s yea 210 ac a iMa bakŠienė Linguis ica Li huanica LXXI The 11 h Len e. S a is ical e alua ion o he du a ion o he i s s age o a, e ga sis nx (ms) s (ms) (%) 95 % pasikl. in . (ms) > < α M j <á>R <a> 24 24 65,5 51,9 2,3 3,3 3,5 6,4 61,9 ÷ 69,1 6 di ided by 57,2 = 6,75 > (0,999) = 5,96 < R 24 67,2 < e> 24 2,2 and 3,3 52,9 4,9 9,3 63,7 ÷ 70,6 45,1 di ided by 60,7 = 5,3 > (0,995) = 4,32 O he , o a hickness < R 24 61,4 <a> 2,9 4,7 24 50,9 3,8 7,5 56,8 ÷ 66,0 44,8 ÷ 56,9 = 4,42 > (0,995) = 4,32 <é>R <e> 24 24 64 54,3 2,8 6,7 4,4 12,3 59,6 ÷ 68,5 43,6 ÷ 64,9 = 2,67 > (0,95) = 2,45 Šk <á>R <a> 24 24 60,7 60,5 4,7 4,5 7,8 7,4 53,3 ÷ 68,2 53,3 di ided by 67,6 = 0,09 < (0,95) = 2,45 < R 24 64,7 < e> 24 11,5 17,7 < 61,8 5,7 9,3 R 24 64,7 11,5 17,7 < R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R 46,5 ÷ 82,9 52,7 ÷ 70,9 = 0,46 < (0,95) = 2,45 d iga sių su dėmenimis i, u g upėje (ž . 17–19 pa ., 12 len elę) ėlgi išsiski ia Ma ijampolės šnek a. P ocen inio ilgumo duomenys pa i ina, kad joje i ap a- džių d iga sių dėmenys ge okai ilgesni. Ma ijampolės šnek os i ap adžių d iga - sių pi masis dėmuo suda o 55,9, o i agalių – 49,4 p oc. (1,13 : 1). ačiau s a- is iškai ski umas nė a eikšmingas, aigi šios g upės i ap adžių d iga sių pi - O cou se, he leng hening o he limbs is less se e e han he leng hening o he limbs. The si ua ion o Vilka iškis and Šakių šnek ų is simila , in which he e is no signi ican di e ence be ween he i s pieces o he g oup's i ap ads and i agalių. The i s pa o he Vilka iški šnek is 46.1 and 45.8 pe cen (1,01:1) and he Šaki Šnek is 53.6 and 55 pe cen (1:1,03). The 12 h Len e. S a is ical e alua ion o he du a ion o he i s wo-yea pe iod ga sis nx (ms) s (ms) (%) 95 % pasikl. in . (ms) > < α M and M s […]R 24 < i> 24 50 55,7 2,8 5,0 5,1 and 10,3 51,3 ÷ 60,1 41,8 di ided by 58,1 = 1,98 < (0,95) = 2,45 < R 24 55,6 < u> 24 5,6 and 48,8 5,2 10,0 10,6 and 46,7 ÷ 64,5 40,6 di ided by 57,1 = 1,78 < (0,95) = 2,45 O he , o a hickness <>R < i> 24 45,9 24 5,7 12,5 44,5 This is 6,0 he 13,4 amoun o assigned e enue in acco dance wi h A icle 21 (3) o he Financial Regula ion. 35,0 ÷ 54,0 36,8 di ided by 55,0 = 0,34 < (0,95) = 2,45 < R 24 47,9 < u> 24 7,0 14,6 45,5 4,4 9,7 This is no he case. 36,7 ÷ 59,0 38,5 di ided by 52,5 = 0,58 < (0,95) = 2,45 Vaka ų aukš aičių kauniškių d iga siai: kiekybės san ykiai 211 a icles by Šnek a D i- ga sis nx (ms) s (ms) (%) 95 % pasikl. in . (ms) > < α Šk […]R 24 < i> 24 53,6 53,9 6,3 7,3 13,6 11,6 This and is he amoun o assigned e enue in acco dance wi h A icle 21 (3) o he Financial Regula ion. 43,9 ÷ 63,8 42,0 di ided by 65,2 = 0,06 < (0,95) = 2,45 < R 24 53,3 < u> 24 7,0 and 56,6 10,1 13,1 17,8 42,2 ÷ 64,4 40.5 ÷ 72.6 = 0.53 < (0.95) = 2.45 summa ised pe cen age leng h da a can be seen in able 13. 13 Len eLė. Wha a e you doing? Summa y o he a e age (p oc.) leng h o he i s wa e and he a io o he a e age (p oc.) leng h o he second wa e M j Vlk Šk M j Vlk Šk The ollowing able is inse ed in Annex I o his Regula ion: When es ima ing he pe cen age leng h o he h ee s ongly-p onounced double syllables (see able 7), i can be said ha in his case he di e ence in leng h is much smalle han when calcula ing he absolu e leng h (see able 5). The du a ion o he i s lesson in he g oup o doubles wi h he lessons a and e a ied e y idu kiai y a 66,4, 62,8 i 62,9 p oc. (1,06 : 1 : 1,002). d iga sių su dėmenimis i, sligh ly: Ma ijampolės, Vilka iškio and Šakių šnek ų in he g oup o lessons b igh ly. The sho es appea ed o be he Vilka iškis snail, he i s o he wo species in his g oup, Ma ijampolė and Šakių snails a e in a simila posi ion […] 55.9, 46.1 and 53.6 pe cen (1,21: 1: 1.16). he a io o he digi s o he wos is di e en . Ma ijampolė ga sių su dėmenimis a, e pi mųjų dėmenų ukmė panaši, o Šakių šnek oje jie y a and Vilka iškio šnek ų pai s a e olde by […] 52,5, 52,5 and 61 pe cen (1: 1,16), espec i ely, o he pai s wi h he lowe i, u […] 49,4, 45,8 and 55 pe cen (0: 1,1,2). 7. ezuL a Ų aPibend iniMas And he I.V.A.D.O.S. The longes o he wo a ie ies, he Ma ijampolė and Vilka iškis a ie ies, a e signi ican ly longe han he co esponding T i agalus a ie ies, and he di e ence in he leng h o he wo a ie ies is insigni ican . 212 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXI o duplica es wi h smalle o al leng hs. The iMa bakŠienė di e ence be ween his g oup o i ap adžių and i agalių d iga sių is e y small in all schemes. Ma ijampolė and Šakių šnek os a e sligh ly longe and end o be s ongly di ided, Vilka iškio […] s ongly di ided. Acco ding o he common du a ion, he Ma ijampolė junc ion is he longes and Šakių junc ion is he sho es . This is mos likely due o an une en leng h o he i s s and. I 's in he acuum cleane . • The du a ion o he i s sen ence in he g oup o doubles wi h a, e is undoub edly an impo an ea u e o he Ma ijampolė and Vilka iškio ske ches. The i s syllable o he i ap adži d iga si does no di e signi ican ly om he i agalių in he Shakis speech, so i s du a ion is no conside ed an essen ial sign o he p eposi ions. I has o do wi h he con inuous wai ing a ea ha exis s in he con e sa ion. The du a ion o he i s sen ence in he i, u g oup clea ly dis inguishes he passages only in he Ma ijampolė syllable, and in he Vilka iški and Šakių syllables his sign does no cons i u e a signi ican di e ence. • o es ablish such ela ionships by compa ing he i s wo elemen s o he h ee iangles o he Vaccines wi h each o he . The du a ion o he wo-s age s ages a, e is e y simila in all s ages (Ma ijampolė, Vilka iškio and Šakių a io 1,06: 1,002). The e o e, hese i ems do no di e signi ican ly in any o he sen ences, and he e o e all a e likely o be conside ed as hal -leng hs. The a io o he wo-p onged s icks in he Ma ijampolė, Vilka iškio and Šakių s icks is 1.21: 1: 1.16. Thus, in Ma ijampolė and Šakių s icks hese s icks a e conside ed as hal -leng h, Vilka iškio […] as sho . The double-headed d esses o he wins a e exac ly he same leng h in he Ma ijampolė and Vilka iškis sec ions, while he Šakių is longe (sanc i 1: 1: 1,16). Šakių šnek os dėmenys e in ini kaip pusilgiai, pailgėję dėl ęs inės p iegaidės. Thus, he a io o hese wo-sided double-sided i, u in he Ma ijampolė, Vilka iški and Šaki šnek os is 1,08: 1: 1,2. They a e also undoub edly ega ded as hal -leng hs in he language o he Shaki. I'm going o kill you. M j […] Ma ijampolė p […] i ap adė p iegaidė Šk […] Šakiai Vak […] aka ų aukš aičiai kauniškiai g […] i agalė p iegaidė Vlk […] Vilka iškis 17 In he u u e, he exac du a ion o he in e p e a ion should be compa ed wi h he sho and long oices o each syllable. Vaka ų aukš aičių kauniškių d iga siai: kiekybės san ykiai 213 a icles by a icles "Li e a u e o he Bacha i" (2004): The p ose and ocalism o he Shakian shnek os. Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e. "Bacciu e ima 2005" is a collec ion o no es on he ansc ip ion o he Shakian sh e l. The dialec s o he Bal ic languages: w i en he i age. Shadows: discensed, 36 o 44. Bace i chye ima, L e s kauskai ė a s a 2004: he du a ion o he i s s ages o acu e wins in high- ise buildings. P oblems o phone ics and accen ology o he Bal ic and o he languages. Vilnius: Vilnius Pedagogical Uni e si y, 9 […] 20. I is loca ed in Vilnius. 2008: ex s o he dis ic o G iškabūdži s ee , composed by ima bace ičiū ė, Vilija sakalauskienė. Vilnius: Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as. J.R.S.E.R.E. - The phonology o eas e n Kaunas dialec s. he doc o al hesis. Vilnius: The Uni e si y o Vilnius. 2013: Ju ba ko dis ic ex s, compiled by Vilija Sakalauskienė. Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e. The A las o he Li huanian Language, 1982 Phone ics, edi ed by Kazys Mo kūnas. The Vilnius: I 's science. Lk 1970: Li huanian language ansla ions: ch es oma ija. Vilnius: The Min . LKTS 2004: The ch es oma ics o he Li huanian dialec s. Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e. Lk 2003: dai a a kočai y ė, eg ina in k auskienė. This is he i s ime ha he ilm has been shown in hea e s. The phone ics o Li huanian dialec s: a ex book. Vilnius: Vilnius Pedagogical Uni e si y publishing house. Ma ko ic, Jan. 2001: The ex s o he high-le el alks. Vilnius: Vilnius Uni e si y publishing house. In he sp ing o 1982 he w o e a p ose wo k on he Li huanian language. Vilnius: The science. In 2003 he published a book on he phone ics o he Li huanian common language. Vilnius: he encyclopedia. In 2006, he ex o he Shakian shnek os, composed by ima bace ičiū ė. Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e. Vaišnienė dai a, bace ičiū ė ima 2005: because o he sou he n lowland ace and he no he n wes e n highland beau y di isions [i, u + l, m, n, ]. […] P oblems o language his o y and dialec ology 1. Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e, 292303. Vakka 2005: Highe seconda y schools o he Wes and highe seconda y schools o he Klaipėda egion: a ex book, composed by ima bace ičiū ė, danguolė Mikulėnienė, Vilija salienė. Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e. Zinkiewicz-Zigmas (1966), Li huanian dialec ology and he his o y o he Li huanian language. Vilnius: The Min . Zinkiewicz-Zigmas (1994): Dialec ology o he Li huanian language Vilnius: Science and encyclopedia publishing house. 214 iMa bakŠienė ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXI he diph hongs o Wes highlande s in kaunas a ea: Quan i a i e a io The analysed subdialec s ea u e a ious syllable accen allo ones: Ma ijampolė subdialec he a icle analyses he quan i y o semi-diph hongs in h ee subdialec s o Wes highland- e s in kaunas a ea (he eina e e e ed o as Vak) namely: Ma ijampolė, Vilka iškis and Šakiai. elon he esea ch esul s showed ha he longes diph hongs a e he acu e diph hongs con aining ga es he i s componen s o acu e accen s wi h i and u; Šakiai subdialec possesses he so called con inuous accen , meanwhile Vilka iškis subdialec has none o he a o emen ioned ea u es hus he p osodic composi ion o diph hong syllables is closes o he s anda d language. he a icle also discusses he he in e p e a ion o Vak diph hongs quan i y and ma king in Li huanian adi ion o dialec ology. a and e and i is ypical o all subdialec s. hey a e subs an ially longe in Ma ijampolė and Vilka iškis subdialec s han ci cum lex a ian s; Meanwhile in Shakia subdialec his di e ence in leng h is no so sha p. he common leng h o diph hongs wi h i and u is sho e . he di e ence be ween he acu e and ci cum lex diph hongs o his g oup is e y sligh in all subdialec s. ci cum lex diph hongs ha e a endency o be sligh ly longe in Vilka iškis subdialec . Appa en ly, he acu e diph hongs end o be sligh ly longe in Ma ijampolė and Šakiai subdialec s, meanwhile his is due o di e en elonga ion o he i s componen in Vak subdialec s. he componen s o acu e diph hongs a and e a e o simila leng h. The a io o he componen s o acu e diph hongs i he leng h o he i s componen o diph hongs wi h a and e is an impo an accen ea u e in Ma ijampolė and Vilka iškis subdialec s. he du a ion o he i s componen in Šakiai subdialec is no conside ed as a c ucial ea u e o accen . i is ela ed o he exis ing con inu- ous accen p e ailing in he subdialec . in he g oup o diph hongs wi h i and u he du a ion o he i s componen clea ly dis inguishes accen s only in Ma ijampolė subdialec , meanwhile in Vilka iškis and Šakiai subdialec s his ea u e loses impo ance. and u in Ma ijampolė, Vilka iškis and Šakiai subdialec s is 1.21:1.16. hus, in Ma ijampolė and Šakiai subdialec s hey a e conside ed as semi long, meanwhile in Vilka iškis subdialec hey a e sho . he componen s o ci cum lex diph hongs a and e a e o he same leng h in Ma ijampolė and Vilka iškis subdialec s, meanwhile in Šakiai subdialec hey a e sho e (a a a io 1:1:1.16). The e o e, he componen s o diph hongs in he Shakai subdialec a e conside ed as semi long and elonga ed due o con inuous accen . he a io o he componen s o ci cum lex diph hongs wi h conside ed as semi long in Šakiai subdialec . i and u in Ma ijampolė, Vilka iškis and Šakiai subdialec s is 1.08:1:1.2. hey a e undoub edly Į eik a 2014 m. ugsėjo 30 d. iMa bakŠienė Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as Pe o Vileišio g. 5, LT-10308 Vilnius, Li huania This Decision is add essed o he Membe S a es. [email p o ec ed]