Asta Leskauskaitė, Vilija Ragaišienė. „Pietinių pietų aukštaičių šnektų žodynas“

Re iews by 207 VYTAUTAS KARDELIS Vilniaus uni e si e as Resea ch a eas include dialec ology, his o y o language, cogni i e seman ics, and a ia ion in language. The Commission he e o e concludes ha he aid is compa ible wi h he in e nal ma ke wi hin he meaning o A icle 107 (3) (c) o he T ea y. LUNCH LUNCH High school snack wo ds Vilnius: Ins i u e o Li huanian Language, 2016, I . AM, 682 p. ISBN 978-609-411-187-7 (common), ISBN 978-609-411-188-4 (I olume) Vilnius: Ins i u e o Li huanian Language, 2019, II . NŽ, 831 p. ISBN 978-609-411-187-7 (common), ISBN 978-609-411-238-6 (common), is loca ed in he ci y o Vilnius. (second olume) In 2016, he i s olume o he Sou he n Highlands Sh e l Dic iona y (A[…]M) was published. Th ee yea s la e , in 2019, he second olume o he dic iona y (N[…]Ž) was published. This is al eady he ou een h dic iona y in he g oup o dic iona y dic iona ies ( o a e iew o dic iona y dic iona ies published be o e 2014, see Zubai ienė 2014: 142[…]147). Bo h olumes we e p epa ed by expe ienced and p o essional dialec ologis s, excellen knowledgeable, educa ed and expe in he sou he n highland dialec s, D . As a Leskauskai ė and D . Vilija Ragaišienė. The scien i ic edi o o he wo d is D . Vilija Ragaišienė, he edi o is D . Vilija Sakalauskienė, he au ho o he map is D . Lau a Ge žo ai ė. Neda Kos kienė summa ized he wo d ca e ully, he pain e Rokas Gelažius illus a ed i . The p epa a ion o he dic iona y was suppo ed by he S a e Li huanian Language Commission (VLKK) unde he p og am o he p ese a ion o dialec s and e hnic dialec s o he yea s 2001-2010; The publica ion o he i s olume was suppo ed by he Li huanian Science Council (LMT) unde he S a e P og amme o Li huanian S udies and Dissemina ion 2016-2024. The publica ion o he second olume o he a o emen ioned LMT p og amme has appa en ly lacked unds, bu i is g a i ying and impo an o no e ha he publica ion o he second olume was suppo ed by bo h business and he Va ėnos dis ic municipali y, and some o hem we e w i en on he on page o he dic iona y by people who suppo ed he publica ion. I is impo an o no e he e ha he publica ion o scien i ic wo k is no suppo ed by he LMT, bu by businesses, municipali ies and ci izens. VYTAUTAS KARDELIS The Ac a Linguis ica LXXII clea ly indica es ha he dic iona y has al eady eached i s des ina ion. I 's a beau i ul example o pa io ism and suppo o he cul u e o ou coun y. I is also clea ha he au ho o he dic iona y […]cik inių dzūkų[…] has no acciden al expe iences in he se lemen s, which is e idenced no only by he suppo o he publica ion o he dic iona y, he since e and wa m p esen a ion o he dic iona y in he websi e o he Vilnius Teache s' House and he Li huanian Language Ins i u e, bu also by he quali y o he dic iona y i sel . The i s olume o he dic iona y begins wi h P a a me (p. VIIIX), ollowed by Į adas. The la e p o ides all he a ibu es necessa y o a ansla ional ocabula y: he men ioned sou he n sou he n highland dialec s ( he e is also men ion o he sociolinguis ic si ua ion o […] bilingual o ilingual inhabi an s) and hei a ea (p. XI[…]XIII), he peculia i ies o he dialec s and he cha ac e is ic ea u es o sound, spelling, mo phology and syn ax (p. XIII[…]XV). The ocabula y pobūdis and sanda a is p esen ed using glossa ies, s uc u es and illus a ions and app op ia e examples (p. XXVXXX). Below is he ansc ip ion sec ion, which p o ides he signs o owels, consonan s, consonan s and consonan s, in ona ion and syn agma ic dis ibu ion o ex , and hei explana ion. Lis s o place name abb e ia ions, o he abb e ia ions and signs, and li e a u e a e added. The second olume also begins in P a a me (p. VIIVIII), is he In oduc ion (p. IXXI) […] gloss I-ojo is a summa y o he In oduc ion. In he las pa o he ocabula y, he sky els o he i s olume a e epea ed, p esen ing he ocabula y o he pobūdis and he sanda a (p. XIXV), he ansc ip ion (p. XVXVIII), he lis s o place names and o he abb e ia ions and signs. Acco ding o he au ho s, he […]Sou he n Highlands Dic iona y[…] […]is p epa ed acco ding o he p inciples o de ailed dic iona ies: i con ains all he collec ed sou he n highlands wo ds om li ing and w i en sou ces ( he manusc ip s and audio eco dings s o ed in he a chi es o he Ins i u e o Li huanian Language Geolinguis ics and he Supplemen a y Dic iona y o he Li huanian Language compiled by he Join Language Resea ch Cen e) […] (p. XXVI). I is also men ioned in he o ewo d ha in i e yea s, almos h ee hund ed hou s o sound eco dings we e eco ded. I is om he audio eco dings o his pe iod ha he e bal examples a e selec ed and o m he basis o he dic iona y. In addi ion, he ma e ial is aken om o he sound eco dings made by colleagues a he beginning o he 21s cen u y. I should be emphasized ha he […]Zodyn gained and p e iously men ioned in he 1970s and 1980s, in 2002 and 2003 he ansla ional examples o audio eco dings and manusc ip ex s, […]Li huanian language dic iona y addi ions[…] a chi es (p. VIII[…]IX). When eading hese s a emen s, one migh bow down and ask: Wha abou he p inciples and c i e ia o selec ing he ma e ial? Ob iously, he e is a di e ence be ween w i en sou ces and o iginal audio eco dings. I is also clea ha he linguis ic examples o he sound eco dings, manusc ip s and addi ions o he Li huanian language ocabula y o he 1970s and 1980s we e bo h collec ed and, in pa icula , p ocessed on he basis o di e en heo e ical and me hodological p inciples han a e usual in con empo a y Li huanian dialec ology. So he ques ion may a ise as o whe he he ansla o pu i in o one dic iona y. As a Leskauskai ė, Vilija Ragaišienė. Pie inių pie ų aukš aičių šnek ų žodynas Re iews o 209 ma e ials selec ed and p esen ed by old me hods and "new" and new heo e ical access ma ked. By he way, his way o composing empi ical ma e ial may ha e been de e mined by he hough s exp essed in he p e ace by he au ho s o he dic iona y, which qui e clea ly jus i y he nos algia and anxie y o he a e o he snails: "These places a e people's wo lds, cus oms, e e y deb e lec s hei na i e snail" melodious, e bal, a chaic, hough al eady somewha dis o ed by he new. Un o una ely, he numbe o communi ies in he sou he n jungle illages ha cul i a e adi ional c a s, li es yles and cha ac e is ics inhe i ed om hei ances o s is dec easing e e y yea due o un a ou able demog aphic de elopmen s, economic and social p ocesses, so hei exis ence is a eal h ea . Teaching people's manne s and he local schnek o eache s... (p. VII). As can be unde s ood om his a he long quo e, he pu pose o he dic iona y was o pu as much and as di e se ma e ial as possible in o i . I mus be acknowledged ha he au ho has jus exp essed doub s as o he a ional and app op ia e way o econciling he di e en ypes o ma e ial: […]The sen ences o he old manusc ip ex s ha e been ew i en keeping he o iginal sys em o punc ua ion, he o iginal ansc ip ion wi h he place o esidence and he e e ence o he manusc ip ex s.[…] (p. XXX) The ollowing able is inse ed: Tha e e ence (RT) clea ly iden i ies he olde ma e ial. In his case, he inequali ies and nuances o he ansc ip ions o old examples will become less ele an , and he ma e ial o di e en ch onological laye s will be mo e con enien o compa e, i necessa y. Ano he opic o discussion is he bo owing lexicon and "new o new wo ds" (p. XXVI). The la e a e ma ked wi h he abb e ia ion nj. A sign s . is w i en nex o wo ds o o eign o igin (Sla ic, Ge manic) and is used o indica e he meaning o bo owings. I would seem o be a misunde s anding, bu he au ho has ound he igh solu ion he e as well: […]Reikšmės loans a e indica ed be o e he explana ion o he meaning in b acke s by he abb e ia ion s .[…] (p. XXVI) This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion. Thus, in one case, he abb e ia ion s . is a e he i le wo d, in ano he case be o e he meaning explana ion. The e is a no e abou he bo owe s: acco ding o he au ho s, "as a as possible, an a emp is made o indica e he o igin o he wo ds", bu " he o igins o he old bo owe s a e no indica ed" (p. XXVI). I seems o me ha he habi o no paying […]old deb s[…] is no pa icula ly app op ia e and is c i icized (see Ka delis' a gumen s 2016: 8[…]9). Howe e , i can be unde s ood ha such a choice was also in luenced by he adi ion o he au ho s hemsel es in he p epa a ion o dic iona ies and by he gene al equi emen s o he p epa a ion o dic iona ies app o ed by he VLKK. By he way, hese equi emen s, al hough hey a e ecommenda ions, he au ho s ollowed p ope ly and c ea i ely. One such example is he ac ha "Zodyne" does no con ain e bs, along wi h he wo ds "nebu ėlių", which a e a i icially c ea ed e bs o o m, e.g., bós i, ml i, mók i, žn i. The wo d also does no include basic e bs ha do no ha e he example o a e b in hei syllables (p. XXVIII). A b ie no e on ansc ip ion: i is immedia ely appa en ha he dic iona y was p epa ed and edi ed by p o essional and expe ienced dialec ologis s, one o whose wo k is and VYTAUTAS KARDELIS 210 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXII p epa a ion o he ansla ion ex s. The example ansc ip ion is emphasized, no o e loaded, consis en , desc ibing he sys ema ic s uc u e o he sound sys em, and showing impo an and sub le nuances. The dis inc i e peculia i y and mo e cha ac e is ic ea u es o Šnek ų a e qui e adi ional, he e minology used in he wo ks o adi ional Li huanian dialec ology is common, especially when alking abou he sound ( he men ioned ancien acu e limbs, ha d limbs, limbs […] spelling). Such a adi ional p esen a ion is unlikely o be pa icula ly c i ical: on he one hand, i one akes he ocabula y ma e ial based on linguis ic esea ch, he e minology will be ailo ed o he needs, on he o he hand, he ocabula y will be ead no only by linguis s and lexicog aphe s. So he simple p esen a ion and explana ion o empi ical ac s in his case has i s own mo i es and logic. When eading he chap e s discussed abo e, one s iking ea u e immedia ely comes o mind, which can be desc ibed in one wo d […] a ian s. The ac ha he wo d ine i ably shows a ia ion - eal phone ic, mo phological, syn ac ic di e si y - is a joy ul and salu a y hing. Va iance is p ope ly desc ibed in he Law and is clea ly seen in illus a i e examples. I can be a gued ha he ma e ial p esen ed in he dic iona y is uly o iginal and au hen ic (o cou se, i we compa e i wi h he o iginal sound eco dings, he e may be discussions abou one o he o he speci ic case, bu anyone who has ansc ibed e bal ex s knows e y well ha di e en ansc ibe s some imes hea he same hings di e en ly […] his is a complex cogni i e p ocess dependen on many ac o s). In gene al, due o he s uc u e and s uc u e o he dic iona y i sel , he ma e ial and i s p esen a ion, he ansc ip ions and explana ions o meanings al eady men ioned canno be said o be o any essen ial c i ical no e. I should be acknowledged ha he au ho o he dic iona y adhe es o he sys em and lexicog aphic consis ency bo h in p esen ing he ma e ial and in explaining he meanings, g amma ical and o he knowledge. The p esen a ion o explana ions o meanings shows qui e well he cu ious and analy ical app oach o he wo k o w i ing he dic iona y. A leas o me, a ch es oma ic example o he con usion caused by he explana ions o some meanings and he examples illus a ing hem a e he wo ds "speak", "speak" in he […]Daba inės lie u ių kalbos žodyne[…] and […]Lie u ių kalbos žodyne[…] (www.lkŽ). All you ha e o do is compa e hem wi h he explana ions o he "Sou he n Highlands" dic iona y and hei ela ionship o he examples, and you can see ha he si ua ion is much be e . In gene al, wo d au ho s, al hough hey use LKJ explana ions (o cou se, in cases whe e hey a e en i ely app op ia e and do no con adic he empi ical ocabula y ma e ial), o en p o ide hei own, which a e o en mo e g ace ul, mo e mo i a ed, and i well wi h examples. I is g a i ying ha he "Sou he n Highlands Dic iona y" has now been supplemen ed by a collec ion o exis ing dic iona ies. I is impo an ha i al eady exis s and will con inue o be use ul no only o he adi ional b anches o linguis ics (Li huanian dialec ology, Bal ic, Indo-Eu opean), bu also has a g ea , dis inc i e, di e se ma e ial and spi i ual, As a Leskauskai ė, Vilija Ragaišienė. Pie inių pie ų aukš aičių šnek ų žodynas Re iews Re iews 211 In gene al […] he cul u al sec o . I will undoub edly be a ailable no only o p o essional humani a ian wo ke s. In he o ewo d, he au ho beau i ully and app op ia ely says: "Then his dic iona y is a small hole in he high- ise sou he n dining halls, o dungeons, gua ded by snails". This wo k, which con ibu es o os e ing communi y, p omo es he pe cep ion o he alue o one's iden i y and, ul ima ely, eminds us o wha we ha e al eady los . F om a linguis ic poin o iew, his is a la ge and impo an con ibu ion o he esea ch o his dic iona y, which he au ho s o he Sou he n Highlands dic iona y, D . As a Leskauskai ė and D . Vilija Ragaišienė, ha e ecen ly de eloped and deepened no only signi ican ly bu , mos impo an ly, p o essionally. All ha emains is o wish he colleagues, in he wo ds o P o esso Albe o Rosino, a b igh memo y, c ea i e success and u he se ious esea ch. In he ield o li e a u e Leskai ė As a, Ragaišienė Vilija 2016: The dic iona y o he high-le el ocabula y o he sou he n meals (AM) I, Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e. Leskai ė As a, Ragaišienė Vilija 2019: The ocabula y o sou he n high-al i ude slang (NŽ) II, Vilnius: Li huanian language ins i u e. Ka delis Vy au as 2016: Sla ism in Li huanian language: his o y and pe spec i es o he s udy. Li huanian Polish dialec s. A ailable on he In e ne : h p: www.lenku a mes. l . u.l o in he a icles. Zubai ė Vilma 2014: Li huanian lexicog aphy: his o y and p esen : a ex book, Vilnius: Vilnius Uni e si y publishing house. Deli e ed on 21 Ap il 2020 VYTAUTAS KARDELIS Vilniaus uni e si e as Facul y o Philology The Depa men o Li huanian Language o he Ins i u e o Speech and Language a he Uni e si y o Vilnius, LT-01131 Vilnius, Li huania y au as.ka de[email p o ec ed]