Eugenijus Jovaiša. „Kapai ir žmonės. Aisčiai, romėnai, gotai ir kitos istorijos“

Recenzijos / Re iews 373 DARIUS IVOŠKA Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as ORCID id: o cid.o g/0000-0003-3898-0000 Di ec ions o academic esea ch: his o ical p ussian and Li huanian su names, his o ical manusc ip he i age, esea ch on documen s o he Chancelle y o he Ge man O de . This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion. HOUSE AND PEOPLE. I is no easy o do so. AISCI, ROMNAI, GOTAI AND OTHERS This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. The s o ies This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. And i 's unde s andable, and i 's pa adoxical, ha e en a na ion ha 's been a ound o a housand yea s s ill has i s oo s, i s oo s in he dep hs o i s pas . So whe e's he unde s anding, and whe e's he pa adox? The his o y o a na ion lies no only in he known ac s o i s pas , in o he wo ds, in his o ically documen ed e en s o agmen a y ibal memo ies, bu much deepe . The i s scien i ically known es imonies o one o ano he na ion (o g oup o na ions) simply gi e us in o ma ion abou i s exis ence in a pa icula pe iod, bu no abou i s o igin. E e y ea ly da e immedia ely aises he ques ion, "Wha happened be o e ha ?" A e all, no na ion, as a social compound, ha ing i s own e hnic peculia i y, could ha e eme ged suddenly and om nowhe e. Tha is why any disco e y, la ge o small, in his o ical sou ces, a chaeological exca a ions, o o he ela ed scien i ic sou ces is conside ed a new disco e y, p o oking us o look o some hing we do no ye know, such as i s o igin o o igin. They a e also sough in he i s published ilogy Aisčiai by Eugenijus Jo aišas. Kilmė is in he book. Wha is conside ed a disco e y and a new and impo an phenomenon o his o y and ela ed sciences in an h opology, a chaeology, his o y o language, and cul u al s udies can some imes become he subjec o discussion, and i is discussion and con o e sy ha c ea es he pa adox o disco e y. I would seem ha he e a e no so many sou ces o new his o ical monumen s, unique inds o unknown his o ical w i ings. Bu s ill b a e DARIUS IVOŠKA 374 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIII alks abou disco e ies, new da a and is accessible o new and o en ex emely bold conclusions. I should be bo ne in mind ha we li e in a ime o g ea oppo uni y, when e en cen u ies-old da a can now be p ocessed di e en ly, wi h he app op ia e use o cu ing-edge echnologies ha in many cases help o ind a mo e accu a e and well- ounded explana ion. New possibili ies o explaining he uni e se o phenomena a e opening up. Pa icula ly impo an is he p o ision adop ed in he 21s cen u y o link he da a o he ela ed sciences and o p o ide he mos eliable conclusions based Bū en ai aki aizdu ecenzijoje ap a iamoje Eugenijaus Jo aišos knygoje Kapai i žmonės. Pa s au o ius nelinkęs sa o knygos e in i kaip mokslo s i ies da bo on hem. (p. 14) […] The au ho o he e iew would no ag ee wi h such a s a emen . The sub le, ichly and p o essionally illus a ed publica ion o he book and he way in which he ma e ial is p esen ed a e pe haps mo e cha ac e is ic o publica ions ha popula ize science, bu he long- e m, de ailed and sys ema ic au ho 's esea ch ma e ial, he indings o g ea signi icance and he weigh o scien i ic e udi ion on he basis o conclusions and in e p e a ion do no in any way allow he publica ion o be conside ed insu icien ly scien i ic. A e eading he i le o he book, he eade canno imagine ha i does no p esen a epo o a chaeological esea ch, bu a ha monious o e iew o he o igins o he inhabi an s o ancien and "Old Eu ope" - hei powe , wa s, ade, and cul u e. The au ho manages o ealize he idea o his book […] […] o connec he li es o he oldes people o ou coun y wi h he pas Eu opean imes and hei cha ac e s[…] (p. 14). The de ailed and complex in o ma ion augh in his way, which is dis inguished no only by he a ie y and abundance o da a, bu also by he complex ela ionships wi h his o ical space and ime, is e y con enien o ead and unde s and o a ep esen a i e o o he sciences o a eade o his o y and a chaeology, o e en o a casual eade who has no knowledge o he o igins o ou na ion, who has ne e hea d o i . The au ho o he e iew, as a use o a chaeological scien i ic da a, and no a p o essional, e alua es he book om his own […] onomas in[…] pe spec i e. I would be i esponsible o hink ha linguis ics, as a sepa a e and au onomous b anch o science, has no hing o do wi h a chaeology. In he 20 h cen u y, onomas ics began o look o o he sciences o acili a e diach onic esea ch on he wo d, and o en o d aw eliable conclusions ha could no be d awn om linguis ics alone. Eu opean su name esea che s ealized ha a la ge numbe o Eu opean su name wo ds, especially he ancien wi nesses o he his o y o humani y […] wa e names, as well as place names and pe sonal names […], canno be explained, o mo e p ecisely, i is impossible o de e mine hei o igin, based only on his o ical linguis ic da a in he con empo a y geopoli ical con ex . The his o y o he Indo-Eu opean languages was w i en by Hans K ahe, and la e by his pupil Wol gang P. Schmid. 1 See also This is Hans K ahe, 1964. Eugenijus Jo aiša. Kapai i žmonės. Aisčiai, omėnai, go ai i ki os is o ijos Re iews by 375 Schmid2 no iced ha he same o simila oo s and unb eakable o igins o wa e lilies a e widesp ead h oughou Eu ope: om he Py enees o he Apennines, om G ea B i ain o Scandina ia and h ough he Bal ic coun ies o he Balkans, and was pleased wi h he hypo hesis o "Old Eu ope". Unde nea h i , he exis ence o a single discou se, common no only o all he inhabi an s o p ehis o ic Eu ope, is once again b oadly and ai ly eliably es ablished. I seems ha , jus as in he cosmogony o he ancien G eeks, a ha monious and ha monious uni e se is bo n om chaos, so h oughou Eu ope, sca e ed wa e lilies o unce ain o igin ine i ably a ise om he hough ha a one ime hey all belonged o one, in which bend ai, p okalbei. Ima daug kas aiškė i. Vadinasi, isos p iešis o inės „Seno- he peoples, ibes o communi ies o some o he humani y had a common o a leas e y simila language as a ool o communica ion, exchange, ade, o he social ela ions. The same lei mo i was in my mind when I ead E. Jo aiš's book Kapai and People. In sho , he mig a ion o he Ais […] he Apennines, he Pami s, Semba, he Wes e n Mozu ija, Panemunė and Nemuno and he Ne ies (p. 38). No should we o ge he g ea phenomenon o in e -coun y ade (p. 234) on he Gin e Road wi h shopping cen es such as Semba o ou Pama iu, nicknamed by he au ho he Mecca o ade (p. 210), which is compa able in i s ex en o he Silk Road (p. 224). These ha d- o-g asp, bu appa en ly possible and eal ac s o human de elopmen , ade geog aphy, and mu ual ela ions in ancien imes bea wi ness o he dynamic de elopmen o human his o y, along wi h many hough s. The bu ial chambe s o he aisles in he li ing a ea, seemingly un ela ed o hei dwellings, cha io s, o o namen al adi ion (p.55-56), show ha he aisles we e closely associa ed o comme cial and cul u al pu poses no only wi h he Roman wo ld, bu also wi h dis an neighbo s om he no h. Va dino's esea che is no only cu ious o ead E. Jo aiš's hough s on he ci ies ha ma k he Gin a o oad (p. 226) Ascaucalis, Calisa, Pa ienna, B ecla and o he s and he o igin o hei names, bu he is gi en he ask o […] in es iga ing he o igin o he names o he a o emen ioned ci ies and ying o ind ou , […] h ough whose lands ou unde s anding is a eling oge he […] (p. 226). This is no he beginning o he in es iga ion, acco ding o Jü gen Udolph, a well-known Ge man su name, and G asildas Blažienė, a local name o Ascaucalis. Sla iška jus i iably ejec s he o igin o his place name, G. Blažienė ends o cau iously look o pa allels wi h he Bal ic analogues, bu he a ibu ion o Ascaucalis o he Whi es is no clea . Then maybe his place name belongs o he name Old Eu ope? A e y simila case can be ound in J. Udol o's habili a i e wo k3, which discusses (p. 342) he cu en Len- 2 Wol gang P. Schmid published in 1968. 3 Udolph Jü gen 1990: The posi ion o he Polish wa e names wi hin he ancien Eu opean hyd onym (place o he Lenki wa e names in he Old Eu opean hyd onym). DARIUS IVOŠKA 376 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIII o he wa e names Ode , D awa, D węca, D ama, Radęca, M oga o igina ing in he e i o y o he coun y. The au ho , summa izing he esea ch on Polish wa e ma ks, conside s he spoken wa e ma ks somewha di e en ly han he Polish onomas ics Tadeusz Leh -Spławiński, Hube as Gu no icius (Hube Gó nowicz) and E a Že elska-Feleško (Ewa Rze elska-Feleszko). This is T. Lė -SplaE. Že elska-Feleško, inskis juos p isky ė ikisla iško laiko a pio hid onimams, ačiau, pasak jo, jie bu ę ene ų (al. enedų) palikimas. Jo nuomonei p i a ė i H. Gu no ičiuss bei e en wi h mo i es, is he "p iesagas -is (s) a u in ys wa e names o be classi ied as subs a e o he eins" (Udolph 1990: 342). H. Gu no ičius also old me ha hey we e supposed o be aken om he Sla ic-Cel ic-Illy ian pe iod. J. Udol as le ou speci ic c i e ia on he basis o which he names we e assigned o he Vene ians. The au ho , o he sake o cla i y, ended o change he "Sla ic-Cel -Illy ian" label o a b oade , bu clea e and, acco ding o him, less "p oblema ic" e m "Old Eu ope". The au ho gene ally a oids men ioning speci ic names wi h Vene ians and hei legacy, based on he lack o da a on Vene ians in he eas e n pa o cen al Eu ope. In addi ion, he claims ha , o example, he p e ix -sbūdinga e e s o wa e lilies ha a e widesp ead a beyond he known habi a s o he Vene ians. Bu le 's go back o he book Capes and People. Wha does he only ma e ial he i age o he se lemen s ha exis ed be o e Ch is , pe haps in he illages o Ju a, Anša, Šuš a and Nemunas, e eal o us? The s a egic impo ance and con enience o he se lemen s a ha ime (p. 135), he access o he i e s, and be o e hem […] by unpa ed land oads, he Nemuno inle s c ea ed he condi ions no only o con enien a el, ade and supply o he necessa y esou ces, mo ing be ween he sepa a e se lemen s o hose inle s in he wa e s, bu also […] access o he Bal ic Sea (p. 121, p. 212). The ac ha i ope a ed success ully is con i med by he au ho o he book, no o a adimai kasinėjan Dauglaukio kapinynus, ku iuose su as a Alpių spal o ųjų me alų di binių i Romos impe ijoje pagamin ų ka olių iš s iklo i emalio, jau men ion he coins wi h images o he ule s o Rome, and he ac ha he inhabi an s o his a ea li ed un il 260 yea s ago, he ime o he lowe ing o he Gin e oad. Do no o ge he Shaukens, who on he con a y wi nessed he discon en o he newspape s in he sunshine o Gin e 's oad (p. 135), bu le us knowledge abou he o ma ion o he social conglome a e in he li es o he young. The weapon y ound, he dis inc i e clo hing and jewel y o he wa io and he ho se, and he household and oile ies o he wa io 's widow speak o he wa io as an impo an membe o socie y (p. 141). The la e Ruponion, p obably he cha io s, he easu es, acco ding o he au ho o he book, he en i e "a mo y" (p. 125) a e also wo h men ioning. The Luomas and Ayshi communi ies a e wi nessing he "go e nmen " and Dauglaukio The pe iod o 1520 is known as he "Age o App oaching Change." I is no so much impo an o lis all he mee ings as o unde s and hei essence […] he pe iod o his o ical e en s, he Eu opean con ex o he ime and he consequences he eo , he scale o ade ela ions Eugenijus Jo aiša. Kapai i žmonės. Aisčiai, omėnai, go ai i ki os is o ijos Re iews o 377 and cul u al peculia i ies. The Ambe Road is no only a ue "in e -coun y ade" (p. 234), lea ing behind he gems one o he Sa ma ian Ocean in he Mycenae, he Medi e anean and he Caucasus, bu also a mu ual ade, sa is ying he need o expensi e jewel y o he Eu opean con inen and p o iding i wi h esou ces ha we e no a ailable o hem. Fo he i s cen u ies o humani y a e Ch is , his was a ade o unspeakable magni ude. The examined g a es, o cou se, spoke no only o he aisles as selle s o expensi e goods, bu also as equal pa icipan s in he Eu opean ading ma ke . A memo able mee ing be ween he en oys o he aisles and he king o he Go hs, Theodo ic. Aisčiai was awa e o his plan, p obably o p epa e o a g ea wa wi h he Ge manic peoples and wan ed o con ibu e, and Theodo ic gladly accep ed hei in en ions and he dona ion o ginge (p. 61[…]62). Does his mean ha in he six h cen u y A.D., he Aisci in e ac ed (in w i ing as well) wi h o he Eu opean peoples and exp essed a desi e o pa icipa e in he poli ical decisions o he ime? Theodo ic knew abou he Gin e oad, and his o ical sou ces es i y o his, so he e would be li le doub . Le 's lea e behind he old, ich imes based on ew w i en sou ces and mo e o, say, he name o he Middle Ages. Le us conside he his o ical, cul u al, and social de elopmen o he pagan peoples o Eu ope beginning in he 12 h cen u y, when he O de o B o he s o he House o he Blessed Vi gin Ma y o Je usalem, enamed and la e enamed he O de o he Blessed Vi gin Ma y o Je usalem, le Je usalem. His in en ions and ac i i ies ha e so con used and e hnically ma ginalized he a ea o No he n and Eas e n Eu ope ha he name eco ded in he abundance o his o ical documen s has no le i s ma k on he emains o ade and mili a y and cul u al ela ions in ei he a quali a i e o a quan i a i e sense, no o men ion he p oblems o hei esea ch. A name esea che who examines eal names ound in he li ing a ea o a pa icula na ion, bu no explained by he da a o i s language, has o expand he ield o esea ch and look o easons o he use o names o o eign o igin, hei o igin, ime and ci cums ances. This is e y eminiscen o he a chaeologis 's p inciple o analyzing he b oade geopoli ical and cul u al con ex in sea ch o possible connec ions be ween he glass o enamel beads ound in he aisles o he 13 h cen u y and he colo ed me als b ough om he Alpine mines. The links be ween a chaeology and linguis ics, and especially his o ical onomas ics, a e much close han could be ound. I a name esea che inds a his o ical place name o pe sonal name o o eign o igin in an a ypical a ea, i is no enough o de e mine i s unexplained o igin - i is necessa y o de e mine how i is he e. Le s say, i s no sec e ha in he ou een h cen u y, Li huanians li ed in P ussia, albei no in he leas . A e he disco e y o se e al Li huanian names in he p i ileged documen s o he Ge man o de olian e No. 105, o whom be ween 1353 and 1375 land plo s we e alloca ed in he illages o Vėlu os (p onounced Wehlau), he ques ion a ises: wha we e hese Li huanian inno a o s doing in P ussia a ha ime? Wi h he help o mo e p i ileges and o he his o ical documen s, i u ns ou ha we a e alking abou e ugees om he G and Duchy o Li huania. Among he se e al hund ed p i ileges in he spoken olio a e h ee issued o he Russians. Wha is i ? DARIUS IVOŠKA 378 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIII keliai juos a edė į Ungu ą ( ok. Ange bu g) Va mės i Mozū ų pa ibyje, doku- no men ioned in pa ag aphs 4. The e hnic composi ion o P ussia in he 14 h cen u y, especially in i s wes e n pa , whe e mainly Poles and a numbe o Ge man colonis s li ed, bu also in he es o he P ussian se lemen s un il i s wes e n pa , aises many ques ions o esea che s o he name. Fi s o all, some schola s disag ee on he bounda ies o he Bal ic, Ge man and Sla ic a eas. Repea ed a emp s ha e been made o delinea e he bounda ies o whi e se lemen s along he Vis ula Pass, bu new e idence has been ound indica ing a much u he sp ead o whi e se lemen s. Thus, he disco e y o indi idual place names o pe sonal names wes o he Vis ula, objec i ely jus i ying hei his o ical, o pe haps e en p ehis o ic exis ence, has been hampe ed by he c i icism and opposi ion o he neighbo s o he es ablished posi ion. I is p ecisely in such cases ha a esea che o Va dyn needs his o ical and a chaeological scien i ic da a. A chaeological exca a ions and a chaeological ma e ial, coinciding o he bene i o one na ion o ano he , become an indispu able a gumen o suppo many impo an ac s. I should be emembe ed ha he pa h om a hypo he ical assump ion o a inal eliable conclusion can be long and some imes di e gen . The empi ical ma e ial o he his o ical su name, as well as he bu ials, is in luenced by a la ge numbe o ime ac o s […] he au hen ici y o he whi e names is no eco ded in w i en sou ces, hei o ms a e Ge manized o Polonized, he co espondence canno be ound in o he documen s because hey ha e no su i ed, e c. This aises he isk o inaccu a e o misin e p e a ion o he o igin o he eal name, le alone alking abou i . 4 G. Blažienė analyzed he names o he p i ileged and discussed he li ing condi ions o he pe sons in he 2018 a icle "Zu den ussischen Pe sonennamen in den Folian en des Deu schen O dens" (p. 118 […] 122). 5 A many in e na ional con e ences in he pas , G. Blažienė has analyzed his ques ion. The au ho o he e iew examined he su ey o place names loca ed on he le bank o he Vis ula and he p oblem o he bo de s o he Whi e Lands in he a icle "Beme kungen zu P oblema ik de bal ischen O snamen wes lich de Weichsel" (Kele us o obse a ions o he Bal ic place names wes o he Vis ula p oblem). A he annual in e na ional con e ence "Indo-Eu opean Linguis ics and Classical Philology" ( eading he memo y o P o esso I. M. T onski) held in S . Pe e sbu g om 22 o 24 July 2020, G. Blažienė once again e u ned o his ques ion. He cu en insigh s, based on he la es esea ch, we e published in Language Knowledge and Classical Philology […] XXIV, Ma e ials o Reading, dedica ed o he memo y o P o esso Iosi Moiseye ich T onski. The au ho o he a icle no only e iews he esea ch o he whi e inhabi an s o he a ea, bu also c i ically e alua es i s signi icance, eliabili y and applicabili y. The c i ical a icle by Da ius Alekno "F om Ag ippa o Pliny: Vysla I in Roman Rusijos mokslų akademijos Ling is ikos y imų ins i u o leidžiamame leidinyje Индоевропейское Geog aphical Li e a u e" p o ides e y aluable ma e ial om he wo ks o au ho s o ea ly his o y on he peoples who li ed in he Vysla basin, c ea ing a b oade pic u e o wha was happening in he a ea in he las cen u ies be o e and a e Ch is . And his wo k con i ms he e i o ies inhabi ed by whi es on he le bank o he Vis ula, namely in Pama a (p. 251252). Eugenijus Jo aiša. Kapai i žmonės. Aisčiai, omėnai, go ai i ki os is o ijos Re iews o 379 his o ical documen s, he ci cums ances and easons ha c ea e he con ex . I is wi hou i ha mos o he ma e ial unde s udy loses hal i s alue. When alking abou he con ex , i is also necessa y o look a he ci cums ances o he publica ion and w i ing o he book in ques ion. She showed up a a e y good ime. In he i s decades o he new millennium, Li huania expe ienced na ional and ci ic ac i ism and p ide in i s e hnic iden i y. The commemo a ion o he 1000 h anni e sa y o Li huania's independence mo e han a decade ago, he 2010 […] 600 h anni e sa y o he G ea Ba le o Žalgi is, he 2016 […] 100 h anni e sa y o Li huania's independence, we e accompanied by a weal h o cul u al e en s. In Ma ch 2017, in he a chi es o he Minis y o Fo eign A ai s o he Ge man Fede al Republic o Ge many, a esolu ion was ound on he es o a ion o he independen s a e o Li huania in he Li huanian and Ge man languages wi h 20 signa o y signa u es. I is no known whe he he commemo a ion o he da es impo an o Li huania and Li huanians, o he almos hi y yea s o es o a ion o independence, which helped one pa o ou socie y o wi hd aw om he shadow o he pas , and he o he o g ow and ma u e in ee Li huania, awakened he Li huanian sense o na ionalism and sel -de e mina ion. The h ee-colo o his o ical lag is aised o child en no only on he occasion o na ional holidays and wi hou wo ying anyone, bu he na ional cos ume is o en sewn no only o he elde ly o he elde ly who sing o dance in na ional collec i es. I is ound in many amilies as a highly espec ed ga men o each amily membe . Could he e be a be e ime and con ex o ind a publica ion ha we can all ead, whe he i 's o expand ou knowledge o ou o igins and ich cul u al his o y and he eby enhance ou na ion's g ea ness, o o expand and deepen ou esea ch? And wha kind o con ex do Kapai and people c ea e? wid h, weigh and mul iply. This book will c ea e mo e con ex s. Re u ning o i s au ho 's s a ed goal […] […] o connec he li es o he oldes people in ou coun y wi h he pas o Eu ope and i s ac o s[…] (p. 14) […] he au ho o he e iew sees ano he essen ial įgy endinus išsikel ą ikslą. Tai – mūsų p o ė ių kul ū os unikalumo i s a bos liudijimas. Da ka ą s a s ydami apie au o iaus a as us bei iš i us kapus su achie emen , wi h ich insc ip ions and a de ailed and clea ly desc ibed g ea Gin e 's Way, which has le he wo ld wi h knowledge o ou ances o s. The au ho o he book a gues ha in he i s cen u ies a e Ch is , he Aishi we e able no only o hun , do c a s, and make household i ems, weapons, and jewel y, bu also o ado n hemsel es. Mos impo an ly, i was no jus he weal hy men and women who ado ned hemsel es - hey ado ned he migh y men o many o Eu ope's g ea ci ies and hei su oundings wi h he "Ge manic ocean" (p. 119), also known as he "Sa ma ic ocean" (p. 218), wi h gold and ginge . One small, bu e y ele an con ex based on ano he scien i ic wo k by E. Jo aiš […] he wo-pa monog aph Aisčiai. Kilmė and Aisčiai. Raida […] he au ho o he e iew has al eady succeeded DARIUS IVOŠKA The Ac a Linguis ica 380. In w i ing he a icle "Die Wide spiegelung p ußische Kul u in den G enzbesch eibungen des Deu schen O dens" (Re lec ions o P ussian cul u e in he desc ip ions o he bo de s o he Ge man o de ) published in 2019, he de ailed desc ip ion o Gin a o's jou ney in he monog aph by E. Jo aišos was used. The au ho o he a icle succeeded in con incing he in e na ional eade o scien i ic wo ks ha he concep o he alue o ginge is so o en men ioned in he oliage o he O de o he Ge man Shephe d. Among he documen s con ained in he a o emen ioned olian No. 105 a e desc ip ions o he bo de s o he sepa a e lands o P ussia a he beginning o he 14 h cen u y and he bo de s wi h neighbo ing coun ies, whe e ambe is no only equen ly men ioned, bu is also b ie ly men ioned in he wo k on places and collec ion egula ions. Wi hou a doub , Kapai and people will s ill encou age he c ea ion o many and a ied o he con ex s. All you ha e o do is ejoice in he g ea and complex wo k o esea ching he oldes bu ial si es o ou ances o s, collec ing he ich and in aluable ma e ial p esen ed o he eade in he book Capes and People. I should be emphasized ha ha dly anywhe e in he wo ld has such an in e es ing, s ylish and g ace ul book by an a chaeologis been published. The book i sel is a wo k o a , and he s o ies i desc ibes a e su p ising, ascina ing, e en humo ous, ha ou ances o s su passed us. In addi ion, he Commission shall: Alekna Da ius: F om Ag ippa o Pliny he Elde in he Geog aphical Li e a u e o he Romans This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Blažienė G asilda 2018: To he Russian pe sonal name in he Folio o he Ge man O de s. […] Indo-Eu opean linguis ics and classical philology […] XXII: Ma e ials o eadings dedica ed o he memo y o P o esso Iosi Moiseye ich Тронского, 18–20 июня 2018 г. Первый полутом, отв. ред. Н. Н. Казанский, Санкт- Петербург: Наука, 110–124. Blažena G asilda 2020: The Bal ic Spu s in he Landma ks o Eu ope? […] Indo-Eu opean linguis ics and classical philology […] XXIV: Reading ma e ials de o ed o памяти профессора Иосифа Моисеевича Тронского, 22–24 июня 2020 г. Первый полутом, отв. ред. Н. Н. Казанский, Санкт–Петербург: Институт лингвистических исследований, 443–465. I o Da ius 2016: Obse a ions on he p oblem o he Bal ic names wes o he Weichsel. […] Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica 74, 208 […] 225. This is he i s ime ha he Ac has been amended. 7 The a icle was published in he annual scien i ic publica ion o he His o ical Eas and Wes P ussian Regional Resea ch Commission and he […]Cope nicus[…] Socie y o he His o y and Landscape o Wes P ussia This is P ussia. Eugenijus Jo aiša. Kapai i žmonės. Aisčiai, omėnai, go ai i ki os is o ijos Re iews o he Re iews o he Re iews o he Re iews o he Re iews I oška Da ius 2019: Spec um o P ussian cul u e in he bo de desc ip ions o he Ge man O de . This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Jo aiša Eugenijus 2012: Aisčiai. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . Kilmė, Vilnius: Li huanian Uni e si y o Educa ion, Li huanian Academy o Sciences. Eugenio Jo aich is a Russian poli ician. Raida, Vilnius: Li huanian Educa ional Uni e si y publishing house, Li huanian Academy o Sciences. Hans K ahe 1964: Unse e äl es en Flußnamen, Wiesbaden: Ha assowi z Ve lag. This is he i s ime ha he book has been published. 105 […] Geheimes S aa sa chi P eußische Kul u besi z: XX. This is he i s ime in he his o y o he Eu opean Union ha an o icial has been awa ded he i le o "A chi is o he Eu opean Union". This is HA His . S .A. Königsbe g, O dens olian 105, which is loca ed in he dis ic o Königsbe g. Wol gang P. Schmid, 1968: Al eu opäisch und Indoge manisch (Al o-Eu opean and Indo-Ge manic languages) is a book by he Ge man au ho Wol gang P. Schmid, published in 1968. […] Disse a ions by he Geis esund Sozialwissenscha lichen Klasse, Academy o Sciences and Li e a u e o Mainz, Jah gang 1968, Wiesbaden. Udolph Jü gen 1990: The posi ion o he Polish names wi hin he Al eu opean Hyd onym, Heidelbe g: Ca l Win e Uni e si ä s e lag. Deli e ed on 7 Sep embe 2020 DARIUS IVOŠKA Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion.