Terminai ir nebe terminai populiariojoje žiniasklaidoje

98 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV ASTA MITKEVIČIENĖ Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as ORCID id: o cid.o g/0000-0001-5508-1555 Di ec ions o scien i ic esea ch: e minology and e minology. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. TERMINAL and NEBE The e m in he popula p ess Te ms and Non- e ms in Popula Media This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal. The a icle discusses e ms used in popula online media. The aim o he s udy was o de e mine he meaning o he "special" ( e minal) o "de e minologized" linguis ic uni s used in online media, which unc ion as e ms in medicine, and o iden i y o he seman ic changes o hese e ms. The subjec o he s udy is he e m alle gy and i s compound e ms, and he main sou ce is he ex o DELFI.l . The a icle e eals he dynamics o he e m. The ollowing wo ds a e essen ial: e m, de e mina ion, seman ics, a ia ion, ex . This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal. The a icle discusses he usage o e ms in popula online media. The aim o he esea ch was o de e mine in which meaning […] special ( e minological) o de e minologized […] he language uni s unc ioning as e ms in medicine a e used in online media and o iden i y o he seman ic changes o hose e ms. The objec o he esea ch is he e m alle gy ‘alle gy and he complex e ms o med wi h i , whe eas he majo sou ce is he DELFI.l co pus. The a icle e eals he dynamics o e ms. KEYWORDS: e m, de e minologiza ion, seman ics, a ia ion, and he co pus. A icles o he 99 h Te minai i nebe e minai populia iojoje žiniasklaidoje The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. Te ms no only o m he basis o scien i ic, subjec -ma e discou se, bu also supplemen he gene al ocabula y. Pe haps no one da es o a gue ha […] his pa icula pa o he e m belongs e e ywhe e whe e he language is spoken, o all he a ie ies o language used[…] (Keinys 2005: 226). The e is no need o sea ch o illus a i e examples o a long ime […] when he COVID-19 pandemic begins, e ms such as epidemiology o o he medical ields, s a is ics, e c. each he gene al jos y a laikomi iena iš eks aling is inių de e minologizacijos plačiąja p asme p iežasčių. Tai ka u i paska a e minologams a sig ęž i į e minijos i nespe- public on a daily basis. Speci ic e en s and si ua ions, he ela ionship o he language, he place and posi ion o e ms in he lexical sys em, de e minology1. In Li huanian e minology, hese issues ha e ecei ed li le a en ion. Kazimie Gai enis (2014 [1997]: 242) b ie ly desc ibed de e minology, Kazimie Župe ka s udied he use o colloquial e ms in publica ions, Ju gi a Mikelionienė (2000) wi h Auš a Be kmaniene analyzed he use o he e m de e minology, As a Mi ke ičienė (2018) discussed he peculia i ies o he use o colloquial e ms in online media. The selec ion and p esen a ion o e minology o passing wo ds and ixed wo d compounds is ele an o lexicog aphy (Žilinskienė 1997, 2000; Nak inienė 2002) and k .). Bend osios kalbos žodynuose, kaip an ai DŽ, ano K. Gai enio, „ e mi- de ini ions o ninja meanings a e no p o ided a all, bu only explana ions o lexical meanings o wo ds used in e minology and a eas o hei use a e gi en (Gai enis 2002: 14). Thus, he e minologis mo i a es he idea ha he DZ is included in his a žodžių, a liekančių e minų unkcijas, o ne pačių e minų. Tokios nuos a os wo k as well. In e es ingly, om he pe spec i e o ano he […] lexicog aphy a he han e minology […], i is s a ed ha , o example, wo ds in he ield o bo any a e adi ionally de ined as e ms in explana o y dic iona ies (Gaidienė, Liu ke ičienė 2020: 94)2. This a icle discusses he use o e ms in popula online media. The aim is o cla i y he meaning o he specialized o de e minis ic language uni s used in medical e ms and o iden i y o he seman ic changes in hose e ms. The heo e ical p o isions. I is well known ha he media helps o popula ize ce ain e ms. Ano he hing […] in which he e ms a e no necessa ily used in he same 1 P z., in his yea 's in e na ional VAKKI symposium Slo enian e minologis Mojca Žaga Ka e ead a epo on de e minology and he COVID-19 pandemic. 2 […]Li huanian dic iona ies usually use adi ional de ini ions, i.e. he de ini ion o he meaning o a wo d is based on he elemen s o scien i ic ca ego iza ion (scien i ic nomencla u e) […] (Gaidienė, Liu ke ičienė 2017: 7, see also he li e a u e indica ed he e). ASTA MITKEVIČIENĖ 100 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV subjec ma e as well as specialis s in he ele an ield (which is cu en ly excluded om he s ylis ic, ans e ed meaning). The ques ion is: i he meaning changes, can we s ill conside hose uni s o speech as e ms? The dicho omy o one answe occupies a cen al place į šį sudė ingą klausimą nė a, jis p iklauso nuo eo inio požiū io į žodžio i e - mino san ykį – žodžiai i e minai ebė a esminė i s a s y ina e minologijos in heo e ical discussions and a gumen s. This a icle will ollow he unc ional communica ion app oach o e ms. Al hough he main and na u al en i onmen o e ms is he subjec discou se o specialis s (by he way, anaip ol unequal), i is guided by he idea ha […] he e m does no become a wo d beyond he imagina y walls[…] (Gambie quo ed in 1991, This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. In he e minology li e a u e, i is indica ed ha he e ms ha e been changed in he non-li e a y discou se: he scope o hei use has expanded, accu acy, de ini ion, singula i y, meaning has dec eased o been los , he sys emic ela ionships o e ms ha e changed, he ex ension and in ensi y o e ms ha e changed, new colloca ions, associa ions, conno a ions, indi idual meanings ha e eme ged, inally he sys emic meaning has shi ed (Meye 2000; Meye e al. 2000; Cüpe an e al. 2003; Zaga 2005; Halsko e al. 2010; Bagan 2010). The e m 2018 i k .). Ing id Meye i K is en Mackin osh (2000) įž elgia ne ik seman i- nius i p agma inius, be i g ama inius pokyčius, kai e minus p adeda a o i " anscendence" has been used in a numbe o con ex s, bu he e m " anscendence" is a ely used, and only when he e m " anscendence" is widesp ead and well known o non-specialis s. [1997]: 242). K. Župe ka, who s udied he use o linguis ic e ms, based his assump ion on empi ical da a ha e ms a e used di e en ly in Li huanian jou nalism: […][i] in he p ecise e minological sense, and as o dina y wo ds o means o language exp ession[…] (Župe ka 2000: 181). He dis inguished be ween wo unc ional seman ic g oups o pub licis ique e ms […] pe o ming he unc ion o he e m (in he sense no only o he p ecise e m, bu also o he app oxima e o non-exac ) and he de e minis ic ones (in he sense o he sys ema ic o indi idual pe e sion) (ibid: 177). I is wo h no ing ha he e m is o en used in he publicis 's s yle o c ea e me a- o os (Bi inienė 2007: 37). As w i en (Mi ke ičienė 2020), de e minology in e minology is unde s ood di e en ly […] mo e b oadly and mo e na owly. In he con ex o he s udy, de e minism is analyzed in h ee ways: (1) as he en y o a e m in o he common language in i s ue meaning; (2) as he me apho iza ion o a e m; and (3) nės eikšmės „apaugimas“ bend osios kalbos seman ika (Татаринов 2006: 47). as he p ocess by which e ms pass om he special language in o e e yday A icles by A icles 101 Te minai i nebe e minai populia iojoje žiniasklaidoje language, and as he esul o ha p ocess - he use o e ms in a non-special con ex . The e m "seman ic" is used o e e o he wo ypes o seman ic changes ha occu in non-specialized language: (1) he essence o he e minological meaning is e ained, he same concep is in oduced as in he subjec , bu he concep is pe cei ed mo e supe icially han in he subjec 's specialized ield; (2) he same concep is no longe used, he wo d becomes a pa o he app op ia e o he (pe kel ine) meaning. The i s ype is also called despecializa ion, o e simpli ica ion, pa ial de e minologiza ion, e c., he second […] de e minologiza ion ( he e m is hen used in he na ow sense, sensu s ic o, as in Zupe ka 2000). Fo he sake o cla i y and accu acy, and in o de o de elop he di ec ion o he wo ks o K. Gai en and K. Župe ka, he e m de e minology will be used in his a icle only in he na ow sense. Objec o he s udy, sou ces, me hods. Medicine is conside ed one o hose a eas (as well as compu e science, economics, ecology, spo s, e c.) whose e ms a e mos commonly used by socie y. The objec o his a icle is […] he e m alle gy and he compound e ms associa ed wi h i , which ha e long since en e ed common usage. This e m is well known o non-medical specialis s. This can be said simply om he ac ha i is also used in a me apho ical sense. On he o he hand, his wo d en e ed he Li huanian language as a e m, so he e is no doub abou i s e minological na u e and he di ec ion o he owel (special owel […] gene al owel). And his is impo an because e ms ha a e o med by e minology may be unde s ood somewha di e en ly by non-specialis s han "na i e" e ms. The publicly a ailable ex o DELFI.l , wi h a olume o 70 million wo ds, was selec ed o he s udy. I is composed o ex s published on he websi e o he same name in 2014[…]2016. These ex s a e assigned o 12 di e en hemes, subjec s and hobbies, unde he headings: DELFI Fac s, P ojec s, DELFI Science, Business, DELFI DELFI Au o, Spo as, DELFI Gy enimas, DELFI Žmonės, DELFI Pilie is, FIT, DELFI Knowledge and Uniden i ied ca ego y ( o mo e abou he ex see LKKŽ 2019: 1415). This ex appea ed in a o o esea ch on ex s published on popula lik i, nes, pi ma, jis a spindi os kele ių me ų senumo kalbą, an a, suda y as news po als wi h a wide a ge audience. The wo d "alle gy" is used 1,007 imes in he Bible, and he wo d "alle gy" is used 1,007 imes in he New Tes amen . In o de o compa e he esul s in he media and in he subjec li e a u e, lemos alle gy was also sough in o he ex s […] Li huanian scien i ic language ex in Co ALi (9 million wo ds, 1999[…]2009 ex s) and in he pa o he cu en Li huanian language ex (DLKT) (21 million wo ds, ASTA MITKEVIČIENĖ 102 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Ske ch Engine 3 use -accessible ex om he In e ne Li huanian Web 2014 (l TenTen14) is also used, compiled om he In e ne ex s acco ding o Spide Ling o o paiešką 2014 m. balandį. The olume o he la e ex is […] o e 778 million wo ds (see below). Resea ch me hods a e analy ical, co ela i e, and desc ip i e. T adi ional me hods o ex analysis a e used, such as analy ical co ela ion, in o ma i e con ex s (knowledge- ich con ex s), and colloca ion. The da a in he DELFI.l ex a e compa ed wi h he da a in he alle gy li e a u e, s uc u ed e minology esou ces (see below). LEXICOGRAPHY and i s de i a i es The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. The Ge man e m, co esponding o he Li huanian alle gy, om he G eek wo ds allos […]ki okia[…] and e gon4 […] eakcija[…] was coined in 1906 by child en's doc o Clemensas on Pi que […]as (Dubakienė 2019: 16). The wo d alle gy is al eady included in he 1936 In e na ional Dic iona y o Wo ds ( eac ing o a epea ed injec ion o in ec ion). This in e na ional wo d has no been included in he Li huanian dic iona y, bu i can be ound in he dic iona y iles […] main and supplemen s, and only in he medical and e e ina y sense (ž . h p://lkiis.lki.l ). The able shows he de ini ion o he wo d alle gy in h ee Li huanian-language dic iona ies. The main di e ences a e wo: TŽ 2013 and BŽ a e p esen ed and he ansla ion meaning, TŽ 2013 indica es wo medical ield meanings ela ed o each o he . The same wo special meanings ha e been ixed in ea lie in e na ional dic iona ies o wo ds, s a ing in 1986, and a hi d […] ansla ion[…] meaning has appea ed since 2001. Alle gy was i s in oduced in 1993. ( hi d edi ion). The e m alle gy is de ined in he dic iona y o immunology and alle gy e ms as "an inc eased immune esponse o he body o an alle gen, mani es ed by he p oduc ion o speci ic an ibodies and sensi i e lymphocy es", in he ecen ly published manual o clinical alle gy "A sensi i i y eac ion caused by immune mechanisms" (Dubakienė 2011: 11), and in he book o he gene al public "Alle gy: causes, symp oms, ea men " (Alle gia: Symp oms, T ea men ). 4 o he TEN-T Regula ion. S aipsniai / A icles 103 Te minai i nebe e minai populia iojoje žiniasklaidoje medžiagas“ (Dubakienė 20019: 19). Palyginus pas a ąją apib ėž į i žodžio (ne he de ini ion o he e m in Li huanian dic iona ies (see able 1), i can be seen ha in he la e he wo d is explained abs ac ly […] do no exp ess such signs o medical concep s as eac ion, immune sys em. I can be hypo hesized ha i is p ecisely hese symp oms - especially he las one - ha should be signi ican in de e mining whe he alle gy is used in he media in a p ecise e minological sense. 1 The N ele. Alle gy is de ined in he Li huanian dic iona y as an inc eased DŽ TŽŽ 2013 BŽ sensi i i y (inc eased, dec eased o inc eased sensi i i y) o an alle gen o ce ain ma e ials. The condi ion, (alle gens), 2) inc eased body 2) in ole ance, 3) in ole ance, hos ile a i ude. sensi i i y o he alle gen, i i abili y, hos ili y. The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. In abou 3% o cases, he wo d alle gy is used me apho ically […] comple ely de e minis ically. And such a use o he conco dance lines mo eThis es i ies o a sia (79 p oc.) y a iš žinių ub ikos, p z.: la ge pa o he public's alle gy o he Ch is ian Democ a s o he Pa io ic Union-Li huania. [Knowing] I is ue ha he wo ds "pe manen p esence" s ill seem o be alle gic o some NATO leade s, so synonyms a e sough o i , such as "long- e m". [No e] Acco ding o he g amma ical s uc u e, he compounds wi h he de e minis ic wo d alle gy- ja nesiski ia nuo sudė inių e minų, ku iais ale gija į a dijama pagal ale geną (see below), e.g. alle gy o holidays, alle gy o he So ie Union and alle gy o peas, alle gy o nu s, e c. The e m "alle gy" is used wi h he same e bs as he co esponding e m, e.g., " o aise an alle gy", " o eel an alle gy", "an alle gy occu s", "an alle gy a ises", e c. Based on he esul ing conco dance analysis, i seems o be possible o say ha only he monosyllabic e m alle gy is de e minologized, bu no he compound e ms wi h i . On he o he hand, a ex compound such as alle gy o ca s wi hou con ex can be unde s ood unequi ocally ASTA MITKEVIČIENĖ 104 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV […] and as he name o a ype o alle gy, and as a me apho ical saying. Howe e , i is mo e likely ha in he la e case, de e minologiza ion would be cha ac e is ic only o he main compound, alle gy, and no o he en i e wo d compound. In he compound ound in ex iles, alle gy o blood, bo h wo ds a e used in a pe e ed sense, he compound i sel is no de e minis ic […] such a e m does no exis . I is also possible o compa e he use o alle gy da a in he Li huanian Web 2014 (l TenTen14) ex , whe e he e a e mo e han 18,000 cases o alle gy o his lemon. The Ske ch Engine in his ex allows you o analyze he cases o wo d con usion ound on specialized heal h- hemed websi es. dansą pagal in e ne o s e aines. Kaip ma y i iš 1 pa ., daugiausia ale gija pa a - Tha 's he ou come we we e expec ing. Howe e , as you can see, he ly ic appea ed in he i s decade. l , and del i.l . I is expec ed ha alle gy is used in a de e minologized sense he e. As shown in Figu e 1, he majo i y o he ime, he alle gy was epo ed on he websi e o he Tai i pasi i ino pe žiū ėjus a si ik ines konko danso eilu es5. Minis y o Heal h, Labou and Wel a e. By limi ing he sea ch o he da a o his websi e only and by e iewing each o he 1 307 eilučių o he conco dance, i was ound ha alle gy is used only in he li e al […] special […] meaning on his heal h- hemed websi e. Thus, when w i ing abou medical o heal h opics, he e m "medical" is no used in a pe e ed sense. 1 pAV. O he Ale gij* equency Li huanian Web 2014 (l TenTen14) ex acco ding o websi es He e you can see how alle gy is used in scien i ic language. In addi ion, i should be no ed ha he wo d being analysed may also be a e i iable name, e.g. he humo ous g oup […]Ale gy[…], so s a is ical da a should be ea ed wi h cau ion. Howe e , hey shouldn' signi ican ly al e he o e all image, as he o e all la ge on , including he sen ence headings, has been used mo e han 1,500 imes (ou o mo e han 18,000). A icles o he 105 h Te minai i nebe e minai populia iojoje žiniasklaidoje cases om biomedical ex s. In all lines o he conco dance i is used as a medical e m, mos ly as a single wo d, less o en as a combina ion o compound e ms (e.g., cow's milk alle gy). In addi ion o he abo e-men ioned ac o s, he e a e a numbe o o he ac o s ha con ibu e o he de elopmen o alle gy in child en, such as: a ejai (35 šal iniai, apiman ys 1994–2008 m. laiko a pį). Pe žiū ėjus kiek ieną konko danso eilu ę nus a y a, kad 7 iš jų ( . y. apie 6,7 p oc.) žodis ale gija a - (a) he p esence o alle gies in child en; (b) he p esence o alle gies in child en; and (c) he p esence o alle gies in child en. F om he headings o he sou ces o he de e minis ic usage, i can be seen ha hese a e no a eas o medical and heal h sciences, bu social and humani a ian ones. In addi ion o hese se en cases o clea ly de e minis ic usage, ou mo e in he lines o he conco dance ailed o accu a ely de e mine he meaning o he wo d (e en i hey we e maximally elonga ed), and hese p oblema ic cases a e om ex s on social hemes. O he Seman ic Changes Fi s o all, i should be emphasised ha he ex o DELFI.l is no uni o m […] he ex s included in i may be e old o quo ed in he language o an alle gologis , p o ide in o ma ion om scien i ic o scien i ic popula isa ion ex s, p ess epo s o heal h ins i u ions, e c., bu i is no always possible o de e mine his p ecisely om he conco dance lines. I is also o en di icul o dis inguish be ween he in e p e a ion o a heal hca e specialis (a doc o , a pha macis , e c.) by an indus y kalba, o ku y a okios kalbos ci a a, aip pa i iš ci uojamos kalbos dažnai nė a aišku, kas y a as pašneko as – ale gologas a odon ologas, medikas a g ožio ep esen a i e, and he in e p e a ion o a jou nalis himsel , o example, by he audience o which he ex is in ended. : I equi es ca e ing es ablishmen s o indica e he alle genic o ood in ole an subs ances con ained in oods u s, bu he manne in which he in o ma ion is p o ided [...] [Li e] As a esul , his wo k e uses o classi y he lines o he conco dance on he basis o he adi ional e minology opposi ion […] specialis s. non-specialis language, he subjec ma e is analyzed as pa o he popula media discou se, o ien ed o he add essee […] wha meaning he e m alle gy eaches he non-specialis audience. In o ma i e con ex s help o de e mine he meaning o a e m. The concep o alle gy is explained in he media, and i is explained in a di e en way. The e a e also subjec explana ions, close o scien i ic de ini ions (a), and mo e illus a i e, play ul, analogies (b): ASTA MITKEVIČIENĖ 106 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. (a) Alle gy […] is a dis u bed immune esponse, an inadequa e esponse o ce ain an igens ha [...] [Science] Wha is science? Alle gy is caused by a dis o ed human immune esponse o o eign subs ances […] ale genus. [Gy enimas] (b) In gene al e ms, an alle gy is a mal unc ion o ou immune sys em. . . . [Science] Wha is science? Ale gija i gi y a sa o iškas apsinuodijimas, nes okiu būdu pasi eiškia o ganiz- he ejec ion eac ion mo [...]. In he con ex o he i s g oup (a) i is clea ha alle gy is explained qui e simila ly o he popula science book on alle gy (see abo e), as well as con eying mo e o he concep o symp oms (exp essed in he wo ds esponse, immuni y, immuni y) han in he explana ion o he wo d in gene al dic iona ies. In such con ex s, alle gy is used in a e minological sense. On he o he hand, he exp essi e explana ion (b) does no ye mean ha he e m is used in a di e en sense […] om he i s example (b) i can be seen ha he explana ion aises he concep o […]immune sys em[…]. F om in o ma i e con ex s, i is possible o o m an app oxima e pic u e o he ela ionship be ween e ms. Al hough alle gy is no conside ed a disease by scien is s, bu a condi ion (see Dubakienė 2019: 98), in he esea ch ex alle gy and disease a e used bo h as equa ions and as hyponyms and hype onyms, see. I is said ha ce ain diseases o alle gies canno be a oided all o his is he edi a y. [Li e] Wha is i ? "Dysbiosis can also occu in many o he diseases - ood alle gies, C ohn's disease, op ic coli is, diabe es, o he immune diseases", explained he specialis . [Li e] Wha is i ? Acco ding o he new nomencla u e o alle gic diseases adop ed in 2001, hype sensi i i y o ood p oduc s is di ided in o ood alle gy and non-alle gic ood sensi i i y. The las one in he 1995 nomencla u e co esponds o ood in ole ance (see Rudze ičienė 2015: 7). The e ms alle gy and sensi i i y o in ole ance, which a e s ill used, as well as he compound e ms associa ed wi h hem, a e mos o en associa ed as equinoxes. Howe e , in a ew sen ences, alle gy has been used as a e m o a highe hie a chical le el, e.g. Sensi i i y o dai y p oduc s is one o he mos common ypes o alle gy. [Li e] Wha is i ? A icles by A icle 113 Te minai i nebe e minai populia iojoje žiniasklaidoje Alle gens may no be physical ac o s (cold, ul a iole ays, hea , mois u e, e c.) (Dubakienė 2019: 29). DELFI.l ex ound a ying) cold alle gy, cold alle gy, čių junginių, ku ių p iklausomaisiais dėmenimis eina žodžiai šal is i saulė, plg.: pseudo cold alle gy; b) alle gy o he sun, ue alle gy o he sun, alle gy o he sun, alle gy o he sun's ays, alle gy o sunligh . The p ima y hypo hesis was ha cold alle gy, sun alle gy, and hei a ian s a e no e ms, and alle gy is used he e in an inde e mina e sense. This simila i y is also a ibu ed o ela ed concep s. Fu he in es iga ion e ealed ha his was no he pu pose. In addi ion o he abo e, he s udy also ound a link be ween cold žas ys – nežinoma iksli e minu ale gija į a dijama są oka, o žodžiu ale gija pa- alle gy (20 cases) and cold alle gy (13). As can be seen om he Google sea ch esul s, cold alle gy is also used in medical o heal h- hemed websi es, such as alle gomedica.l , ais ai.l , ls eika a.l , e c., as well as in e iews wi h he same doc o s. Ano he compa able a icle egis e ed in he publica ions da abase o he Li huanian Uni e si y o Heal h Sciences can be ound in he publica ion o he popula iza ion o science en i led "Dilgėlinė and alle gy o ice c eam" (2007). R. Dubakienė w i es only abou os bi e in he alle gology ex book, and in he popula science book, she uses he compound os bi e alle gy when discussing os bi e (Dubakienė 2019: 204). Based on he abo e, i can be concluded ha cold alle gy is cu en ly a e m o scien i ic popula iza ion and non-li e a y discou se. To jus i y o e u e such indings, a small (117,000 wo ds) Alle gy ex was au oma ically compiled om he alle gomedica.l and u adubakiene.com ex s using he Ske ch Engine. A sea ch o ha ex indica es ha cold alle gy and cold alle gy a e used on bo h si es, see in o ma i e con ex s: Cold alle gy […] is one o he non-immunological (pseudo) o ms o alle gy. Shale alle gy is a ype o alle gy ha mos ly a ec s sick people du ing he win e . [alle gomedical] Only by inding a cause, an alle gy o cold, which mani es s i sel in dia hea, can i be cu ed. [English sub i les] 16 See he s a emen " he e is no e m in Tokyo o alle gy o ice" om h ps: naujenos.manodak a as.l /naujena/ kodel-salcio-dilgelines-ne eike u- adin i-alle gija-salciui.216e a69- 1b -11ea-a537-aa00003c90d0. ASTA MITKEVIČIENĖ 114 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV Panašiai i su ki ais junginiais – saulės ale gija / ale gija saulei. Į SNOMED The on ology o CT as a synonym o pho osensi iza ion caused by sun is included in he e m alle gy o sunligh (wi hou Li huanian equi alen s; he cause is called sunligh in Li huanian). In a small ex book on alle gies, you can ind he compounds sun alle gy and sun alle gy. F om he me acogni i e commen s, i can be seen ha he name alle gy o he sun is no accu a e. : Scien is s a e s ill explaining ha sun alle gy - o mo e p ecisely, so-called de ma ozių – mechanizmus. [alle gomedica.l ] pho oalle gy o he sun - is a "non-exis en " alle gy - a pseudoalle gy - ha does no equi e an alle gic-an ibody eac ion o de elop. The e m "glu en alle gy" is used he e ei he in he non-speci ic sense o he e m ins ead o hype sensi i i y (e.g. sensi i i y o glu en SNOM CTED) o in gene al he e m is e minologically non-speci ic, e.g. : Celiac disease should no be con used wi h alle gy o whea and hype glycemia. [Li e] 18 yea s old A Google Schola sea ch indica es ha he e m glu en alle gy is used in LSMU mas e 's heses, bu hey a e assigned o he ield o e e ina y medicine. Fo y o Ale gijos eks yno ma y i, kad ale gija gliu enui kele ą ka ų pa a o a alle - his s udy, sudagomedica.l (as well as neceliakinis glu en sensi i i y, glu en in ole ance), including wi h me acalbin commen a y: Whea alle gy and glu en alle gy a e no necessa ily synonymous, [...] [alle gomedical] O he a ibu i e compounds. The e m "glu en alle gy" is also used o e e o he sp ing alle gy, ma su a ibu ais, ku iais į a dijama ie a (akių ale gija, odos ale gija), laikas a seasonal alle gy, o childhood alle gy. only LRTB glu ama e; Glu en and glu ama e BŽ. Acco ding o he websi e o he Ame ican Associa ion o Alle gy, As hma and Immunology, glu en alle gy is a misleading e m, o en con used wi h whea alle gy and some imes wi h celiac disease. glu en in ole ance is no an alle gy (h ps: acaai.o g/alle gies/ ypes/ ood-alle gies/ ypes- ood-alle gy whea -glu en-alle gy). S aipsniai / A icles 115 Te minai i nebe e minai populia iojoje žiniasklaidoje alle gy), ano he ea u e (se e e alle gy, slow alle gy). Al hough he examples lis ed a e also eco ded in he SVEIKASZMOGUS.l ex , i is di icul o de e mine exac ly which o hem a e e ms wi hou special knowledge, and i so, whe he he e ms belong o he discou se o science o he popula iza ion o science. As he example o he compound alle gy o glu ama e shows, e en i he dependen compound is a e m, i does no mean ha he compound is a compound e m. This idea can be ex ended u he […] i he a ibu e o a e m in a compound is a special lexical uni , e.g. an adjec i e, ha compound is no necessa ily a e m, such as he compound a opic alle gy (plg. a opija […] […] bo n) eco ded in he ex unde s udy polinkis si g i ale ginėmis ligomis“ AIATŽ). F om wha has been said, i is clea ha he special signi icance o alle gies in he media is b oade han he e minology o medicine. This con i ms he asse ion ha when e ms om a special language en e common pa lance, p aplečiama i są oka ampa ne okia apib ėž a (Becke 2016: 397). Ki a e us, mos o en hei meaning in alle gy and medicine does no always seem o be used in he same sense. Fo example, in 1991 he Encyclopedia o Medicine (ME I) desc ibed alle gy as "inc eased sensi i i y o any ex e nal s imulus (e.g., noise) " (ME I: 34) 19. Acco dingly, non-specialis s can s ill use e ms in obsole e meanings, as shown by he wo k o esea che s om o he coun ies (see No a 2018: 392). O he , o a a con en , by weigh A s udy o he use o he e m alle gy and i s compound e ms in he popula media has shown ha he essence o he medical meaning is mos o en e ained and hey a e used as e ms. The o al numbe o cases o de e minism is only 3%, and hey a e mos ly om he knowledge ca ego y. The da a om he ex on specialised heal h opics also suppo s he idea ha when w i ing abou medical o heal h issues, i is no ad isable o use he e ms o he ield in a ansli e a ed sense. O cou se, in o de o summa ize he issues, i is necessa y o examine much mo e and di e en e minology. The e minology changes can be illus a ed by he usage o he analyzed e ms. Some o hose changes b oade jos eiginį, kad e minų, a ojamų nemoksliniame disku se, seman ika būna meaning, educed de ini ion o meaning, di e en sys emic ela ionships, nega i e conno a ion a e seen o implied om in o ma i e con ex s and colloca ions. The conno a ion is di ec ly dependen on he s yle, he con ex , bu he e is no eason o a gue ha he meanings o he e ms s udied 19 Apie a i inkamo angliško e mino aidą i ne iena eikšmę a oseną ašoma Igea 2013. ASTA MITKEVIČIENĖ 116 The changes in he scope and de ini ion o Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV ha e occu ed p ecisely in he media o , mo e b oadly, in non-language discou se, because he scien i ic concep s and e minology hemsel es a e dynamic. While ying o de e mine which a ibu ion compounds a e e ms and which a e no , i became clea ha compound e ms a y widely in he media, bu a ia ion is also cha ac e is ic o he language o specialized heal h websi es and is also no iced in scien i ic discou se. Ano he hing no only in he media, bu also in o he specialized ex s o he gene al public, he e m "cold alle gy" is used. Thus, he s udy also highligh ed he need o he use o e ms in he Li huanian discou se on he popula iza ion o science. P ima y aw ma e ial This is a ex om DELFI.l . I is a ailable online a : h p: exs ynas.mwe.l . R. Dubakienė, LITERATŪRA IR PAPILDOMI ŠALTINIAI AIATŽ – Aiškinamasis imunologijos i ale gologijos e minų žodynas, sud. V. A. Tamošiūnas, A. Ž i blienė, Vilnius: Scien i ic and encyclopedic publishing cen e , 2012. A chimand i e Lyudmila 2005: Cogni i e domains o HIV/AIDS in Li huanian, English and Russian languages. […] Language 54(1), 17[…]31. Wha is he meaning o he wo d […]? Becke Holge 2016: Scien i ic and echnical dic iona ies; co e age o scien i ic and echnical e ms in gene al dic iona ies. […] The Ox o d Handbook o Lexicog aphy, ed. by he au ho This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. By ynia Aud onė (Publicis s yle, Vilnius, Vilnius Pedagogical Uni e si y publishing house) was ounded in 2007. D. Liu ke ičienė, Vilnius: Li huanian language ins i u e. Access o he In e ne : h p: www.bkz.lki.l [ iewed in Janua y 2021]. Co ALi […] Tex o he Li huanian language o science (Co pus Academicum Li huanicum). A ailable on he In e ne : www.co ali .l [discussed in No embe 2020]. Dela igne Valé ie 2017: Use o e ms and socio e minological a ia ion. The imon e minological a ia ion, ed. This Regula ion pac o social and local issues on he mo emen o e ms. – Mul iple Pe spec i es shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. The DOI: This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. A icles by A icles 117 Te minai i nebe e minai populia iojoje žiniasklaidoje DLKT […] Con empo a y Li huanian language ex , sud. Compu e linguis ics cen e o he Uni e si y o Vy au as he G ea in Kaunas. I is a ailable on he In e ne a : h p: www. eks ynas. du.l [paieška 2020 m. lapk ičio mėn.]. D . D. R. H. R. is a clinical psychologis a he Uni e si y o Vilnius. Dub o nik, he ci y o alle gies. Causes, symp oms and ea men , Vilnius: The ise o ca bon neu ali y and ca bon compensa ion: a diach onic in es iga ion in o he mig a ion o ocabula y om he language o ecology o newspape language and ice e sa. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. DŽ […] In e ne dic iona y o he cu en Li huanian language, ed. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. and supplemen s. Published by he Li huanian Language Ins i u e, Vilnius, 2015. Access o he In e ne : h p: www. This is lki.l . Gaidienė Anželika, Liu ke ičienė Danu ė 2017: Cha ac e is ics o he de ini ion o Reikšmių in he […]Bend inė Li huanian ocabula y[…]: plan s and animals. […] The band is speaking 90, 1[…]47. I is a ailable on he In e ne a : h p: jou nals.lki.l /bend inekalba/a icle iew/153. G.A.D.E.L.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.N.- D.E.N.D.E.N.D.E.D.E.N.D.E.D.E.N.D.E.D.E.N.D.E.D.E.N.D.E.D.E.N.D.E.D.E.D.E.N.D.E.D.E.D.E.N.D.- E.D.E.D.E.N.E.D.E.D.E.D.E.N.E.D.E.D.E.D.E.D.E.N.E.D.E.D.E.D.E.D.E.D.E.N.E.D.E.D.E.D.E.D.E.D.- E.E.N.D.E.D.E.E.D.E.D.E.D.E.E.N.D.E.D.E.E.D.E.D.E.E.D.E.D.E.E.N.D.E.E.D.E.D.E.E.D.E.E.D.E.E.D.E.E.E.D.E.E.D.E.E.D.E.E.E.N.E.D.E.E.D.E.E.E.D.E.E.D.E.E.D.E.E.D.E.E.E.D.E.E.E.E.E.D.E.E.E.D.E.E.E.D.E.E.E.E.E.E.D.E.E.E.E.E.E.D.E.E.E.E.E.E.E. […] Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica 82, 93[…]116. This is he i s ime ha he Ac has been amended. I is a ailable on he In e ne a : h p: www.jou nals.lki.l ac alinguis icali huanica/a icle/ iew/1026. Gai enis Kazimie as 2002: Li huanian e minology: heo ies and amewo ks o managemen , Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e publishing house. Gai nis Kazimie z, 2014: Rink iniai aš ai, sud. (English ansla ion by Gai nis Kazimie z, 2014) is a book by he Russian w i e and essayis Gai nis Kazimie z, published by Rink iniai aš ai. J. Gai eny ė-Bu le , om he ci y o Vilnius: Li huanian language ins i u e. J.H.H. Jacobs, P o ing he P ope ies o De e minology I 's called DiaSke ch. […] LAMBDA 29, 39 […] 63. This is no he case. Humbe -D oz, Julie Pic on, Au élie Condamines, Anne 2019: How o build a co pus o a ool-based app oach o de e minism in he ield o pa icle physics. […] Resea ch in he co pus o linguis ics 7, 1[…]17. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. IATE […] In e ac i e e minology o Eu ope. This is a lis o e minology used in he Eu opean Union. A ailable on he In e ne : h ps: www.ia e.eu opa.eu home [ iewed in Ma ch 2021]. I.G. Juan M. 2013: The his o y o he idea o alle gy. Alle gy 68, 966 and 973. Keinys S asys 2005: Cu en Li huanian e minology, Vilnius: Li huanian language ins i u e u o leidykla. K ašy ė Regina, Papau ėly ė Sil ija 2013: Some ea u es o he concep o he "league" in Li huanian public discou se. […] Philology 18, 107[…]117. This is he i s ime I' e seen i . ASTA MITKEVIČIENĖ 118 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Li huanian Web 2014 (l TenTen14) The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. LKKZ 2019 […] Li huanian colloquial dic iona y o he Li huanian language, sud. A. Bielinskienė, L. Boizou, I. Bumbulienė, J. Ko ale skai ė, T. K ila ičius, J. Mand a ickai ė, E. Rimku ė, L. Vilkai ė-Lozdienė, Kaunas: Vy au as he G ea Uni e si y is loca ed in he ci y o Kaunas. I is a ailable on he In e ne a : h p: www.wp-con en .uploads.h ml. LRTB – Lie u os Respublikos e minų bankas. P ieiga in e ne e: h p:// e minai. lkk.l / [Re iewed Janua y 2021] I […] Encyclopedia o Medicine I: A[…]M, edi ed by V. J. G abauskas and o he s, Vilnius: S a e publishing house o encyclopedias, ME 1991. Ing id Meye 2000: Compu e Wo ds in Ou E e yday Li es: How a e hey in e es ing o e minog aphy and lexicog aphy. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Heid, S. E e , E. Lehmann, and Ch. Roh e , S u ga , a numbe hi y-nine and i y-eigh . I is a ailable online a h ps: eu alex.o g/publica ions/compu e -wo ds-in-ou -e e yday-li es-how-a e- hey-in e es i- ng- o - e minog aphy-and-lexicog aphy. Ing id Meye , Mackin osh, K is en 2000: When e ms mo e in o ou e e yday li es: an o e iew o de- e minologiza ion. Te minology 6(1), 111138. This is no he case. Mikelionienė Ju gi a, Be kmanienė Auš a 2018: De e minologisa ion o Li huanian and English echnical e ms: The case o appa a us. […] Readings in Numani ies [Numani ies - A s and Humani ies in P og ess 3], ed. O. And eica, A. Ol eanu, Cham: Sp inge , 235 […] 246. This is he i s ime ha his has happened. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. The 2020 edi ion o he Mi o ica-As a: Te ms in he online media ( ollow-up s udy). This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. I is a ailable on he In e ne a : h p: jou nals.lki.l / e minologija/a icle:// iew/1727. Myking Johan 2007: The e a e no ixed bounda ies. Inde e minacy in Te minology and LSP: S udies in honou o He ibe Pich , ed. by he B. E. An ia, Ams e dam Philadelphia: John and his wi e The Benjamins Publishing Company, 73 and 91. Nak inienė Ge ūda 2002: P esen a ion o he special lexicon […]Bend inė Li huanian language dic iona y[…]. Language cul u e 75, 47 and 56. No á Jana 2018: Te ms Emb aced by he Gene al Public: How o Cope wi h De e minologiza ion in he Dic iona y? This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. I is a ailable online a : h ps: eu alex.o g/publica ions/ e ms-emb aced-by- he-gene al-public-how- o-cope-wi h-de e minologiza ion-in- he-dic iona y. S aipsniai / A icles 119 Te minai i nebe e minai populia iojoje žiniasklaidoje Renou An oine e 2017: Some co pus-based obse a ions on de e minologisa i- I 's him. Neologica 11: La néologie en e minologie, 21-48. This is he i s ime ha he e m has been used in his way. Rudze ičienė Odilija 2015: Child en's ood alle gy: a eaching book, Vilnius: Vilnius Uni e si y publishing house. Basics 2019: SNOMED CT Basics: a me hodical ool, Vilnius. I is a ailable on he In e ne a : h ps: www.snomed.l /wp-con en /uploads (2020/12/SNOMED-CT- This is PAGRINDAI.pd . SNOMED CT – SNOMED CT na šyklė. P ieiga in e ne e: h ps://www.snomed.l / snomed-c / [ e iewed No embe 2020 Ma ch 2021] TL-10-KAM […] TLK-10-AM Lis o sys emic diseases, 2015 This is a lis o sys emic diseases in he Uni ed S a es. I is a ailable on he In e ne a : h p: www. lk.l /e. ado as/index.jsp. TŽ 1936 […] In e na ional dic iona y o wo ds, om he sou h. K. Bo u a, P. Čepėnas, A. Si u y ė Čepėnienė, [Kaunas]: The newspape und. TŽ 2013 […] In e na ional dic iona y o wo ds, ed. A. Kaulakienė, S. Keinys, B. Ku kulis, V. Račiūnai ė, V. Žalkauskas, Vilnius: Alma li e a. He is also a membe o he boa d o di ec o s o he Eu opean Academy o Sciences. VLEe […] Uni e sal Li huanian Encyclopedia, elec onic e sion, Vilnius: Cen e o he publishing o academic and encyclopedic wo ks. The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. Janua y ]. VPLZ […] Knowledge o child ca e and diseases 1, edi ed by V. Basys, Vilnius: Science pedijų leidybos ins i u as, 2005. and encyclopedia Zaga Mojca 2005: De e minology (on he example o e minology in physics). […] Jezik in slo s o 50(2), 35[…]48. This is he i s ime ha he Slo ak language has been used in his way. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Žilinskienė Vida 1997: P esen a ion o e ms in he hi d edi ion o Žilinskienė Vida 2000: Technikos e minai „Daba inės lie u ių kalbos žodyno“ III he […]Daba inės lie u ių kalbos žodyno[…]. […] Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica 37, 46[…]52. This is he i s ime ha he Ac has been amended. in he pe mi . […] Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica 43, 176 […] 182. This is he i s ime ha he Ac has been amended. Zsuzsa Menzel, he ounde o Kalbo , is he au ho o he bes -selling book, The Publicis . […] Wo k and days 24, 175[…]182. I is a ailable on he In e ne a h p: donelai is. du.l o in he publica ions sec ion o zupe ka.pd . The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. Багиян Александр 2014: Детерминологизация как результат размытости границ между специальной и общеупотребительной лексикой. – Филологические ASTA MITKEVIČIENĖ 120 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV he sciences. Ques ions o heo y and p ac ice 7(2), 2833. I is a ailable on he In e ne a : h ps: www.g amo a.ne /ma e ials/27.h ml. I is also known as he "Cupe an Alexand a", he "Podol Na alia", he "Vasilie a Na alia". 2003: Общая терминология. Вопросы теории, отв. ред. Т. Канделаки, Москва: Едиториал УРСС. Татаринов Виктор 2006: Общее терминоведение: энциклопедический словарь, Москва: Московский лицей. Шмелева Ольга 2010: Изменение сущностных свойств термина в процессе de-specialisa ion and de e minism. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Te ms and Non- e ms in Popula Media Summa y The a icle discusses he use o Li huanian e ms in popula online media. The esea ch sough o de e mine in which meaning special ( e minological) o de e minologized he o he language uni s unc ioning as e ms in medicine a e used in online media and o iden i y seman ic changes o hose e ms. The a icle shows he dynamics o e ms. The objec o he esea ch is he medical e m alle gy ‘alle gy and he complex e ms o med wi h i . The DELFI.l co pus consis ing o he ex s published in he news po al o he same name in he pe iod 2014-2016 was selec ed as he majo sou ce o he s udy. The adi ional me hods o co pus analysis we e applied: analysis o alchemy, conco dance, knowledge- ich con ex s, colloca ions. The da a om he co pus we e compa ed wi h he da a om he ex s o alle gology and s uc u ed e minological esou ces (e.g. O he , o a a con en , by weigh CT, and so on. ). The s udy o he usage o he e m alle gy and he complex e ms o med wi h i in he popula media e ealed ha he co e o he medical meaning is usually e ained in i and hey a e used as e ms. The cases o ull de e minology accoun o ba ely 3%, and hey mainly appea unde he heading o News. The da a om he Specialized Medical Con en Co pus also suppo s he idea ha when w i ing on he opics o medicine o heal h, i is no a common p ac ice o also use he e ms om ha domain in he igu a i e sense. O cou se, o make mo e solid gene aliza ions, he s udy should The da a ob ained om he analysis o he usage o he encompass a much highe numbe and di e si y o e ms. e ms in ques ion can illus a e he s a emen o e minology ha he seman ics o he e ms used in a non-scien i ic discou se unde goes ce ain changes. A pa o hose changes a b oade meaning, he educed o implied by knowledge- ich con ex s and colloca ions. The conno a ion A icles o he 121s Te minai i nebe e minai populia iojoje žiniasklaidoje de ini eness o meaning, di e en sys emic ela ions, he nega i e conno a ion – a e seen di ec ly depends on s yle and con ex , bu he e is no eason o s a e ha he changes in he scope and de ini eness o he e ms in ques ion ha e aken place in he media speci ically o , mo e gene ally, in he non-scien i ic discou se, because scien i ic concep s and e ms hemsel es a e dynamic. While ying o de e mine which a ibu i e ph ases a e e ms and which a e no , i u ned ou ha complex e ms a y g ea ly in he media, bu a ia ion is also obse ed in he language o a specialized heal h websi e. I 's also ound in scien i ic discou se. Wha 's mo e, pseudo- e ms (e.g. cold alle gy) a e no only ound in he media bu also in o he p o essional ex s in ended o he gene al public. The e o e, he esea ch also pinpoin ed he need o he esea ch ocusing on he usage o e ms in he Li huanian science popula iza ion discou se. Deli e ed on 21 Ap il 2021 ASTA MITKEVIČIENĖ Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.