Danguolė Mikulėnienė „Lietuvių kalbos instituto istorija: lietuvių kalbos ir kalbotyros institucionalizacija“

Recenzijos / Re iews 347 OLGA MASTIANICA Lie u os is o ijos ins i u as This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Resea ch a eas: 19 h cen u y socio-cul u al phenomena, iden i y o he in elligen sia and Ba a ia, in e pe sonal ela ions. VIOLETA MEILIŪNAITĖ Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Resea ch a eas include dialec ology, geolinguis ics, and sociolinguis ics. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Danguolė Mikulėnienė (Spanish p onuncia ion) Li huanian Language Ins i u e Wha is he name o he coun y? O he , o ci cula c oss-sec ion, o s ainless s eel The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. Vilnius: Ins i u e o he Li huanian Language, 2021, 242 p. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. (Pa one) The scien i ic s udy o he Li huanian language has a long and ich his o y, he o igins o which can be aced back o he middle o he 19 h cen u y and a e linked o he es ablishmen o compa a i e linguis ics in linguis ics. A ha ime, he wo ld o Li huanian language esea ch was domina ed by such pe sonali ies as Augus Schleiche , F ied ich Ku scha is, ep esen a i es o wo ld linguis ics in e es ed in Li huanian language […] Ka las B ugmann, 2010 was discussed in de ail by academic Augus as Leskienas, Adalbe as Bezzenbe ge is i ki i. Įk ėp i užsienio kolegų 1 Bene išsamiausiai lie u ių kalbos y imo i ap ašymo bandymus nuo pa seniausių laikų iki Algi das Sabaliauskas in he ilogy o he his o y o Li huanian language esea ch (I pa , 1979; II pa , 1982; III pa , 2012). OLGA MASTIANICA, VIOLETA MEILIŪNAITĖ 348 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVII Li huanian in ellec uals An anas Ba anauskas, Jonas Jablonskis, Kazimie as Būga, Kazimie as Jaunius and o he s a e also beginning o s udy hei na i e language. I seems ha he Li huanian language does no dese e a en ion: scien i ic g amma s a e ound ( uly, ini ially mo e o en no in Li huanian, because hey a e w i en by scien is s om o he coun ies), he language is aken o be codi ied and o c ea e a common, o icial, a ian ... Bu all his is done on he ini ia i e o ce ain people, in di e en educa ional ins i u ions, and is o en limi ed o he e o s o one pe son (s uden s o o he assis an s who p o ide he ma e ial, mo e in o man s han esea che s-colleagues) and one li e. So when i comes o he Li huanian language in gene al, de ailed, complex, long- e m, a ge ed esea ch ha mee s he needs o he eme ging s a e, i can be said ha i was all e y igh . In he i s hal o he 20 h cen u y, he need o consolida ion and ins i u ionaliza ion o Li huanian language esea ch eme ged. I was necessa y o s eng hen he posi ions and s a us o he Li huanian […] s a e […] language, o base i s weal h and deep his o ical oo s, and o build and p og am he u u e de elopmen on his o ical ounda ions. This was he ask o he Li huanian Ins i u e o An anas Sme onas, ounded a he end o he ou h decade o he wen ie h cen u y, he ounding and i s s eps o which we e li le known o he wide public un il now and equi ed a close look. The la es s udy by Danguolės Mikulėnienės mokslo s udija2 on he his o y o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e: ins i u ionaliza ion o Li huanian language and linguis ics3 p o ides an oppo uni y o del e in o and ge o know ha his o y be e . This is a e y signi ican and highly an icipa ed s udy o he beginning o he ins i u ionaliza ion o he Li huanian language and linguis ics. The Ins i u e o Li huanian Language was ounded on Janua y 16, 1941, he day o he ounding o he Li huanian Academy o Sciences, al hough in 1999 he his o ian An anas Tylas sugges ed e ising he o igins o he ounda ions o humani a ian ins i u es. Danguolė Mikulėnienė connec s he his o y o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e, mo e p ecisely he ins i u ionaliza ion o Li huanian language and linguis ics, wi h he es ablishmen o he Li huanian Ins i u e by An anas Sme onas in 1938 (i we e e o he legal ac s) o in 1939, when he Ins i u e s a ed i s ac i i ies (p. In o de o jus i y he An on Sme ana Li huanian Ins i u e as he second olume o he publica ion, he comple eness o he ac s p esen ed and he new da a would undoub edly allow i o be called a monog aph, so he classi ica ion o he gen e o s udies can be conside ed, on he one hand, an exp ession o he au ho 's modes y, and, on he o he hand, makes he eade wai o u he la ge-scale esea ch. 3 I is wo h no ing ha his s udy is a consis en con inua ion o he esea che 's esea ch on he his o y o he Li huanian language […] In 2018, a monog aph on he his o y o he Li huanian language: genesis, de elopmen and pa adigma ic ac u es (Pa I, Vilnius: Publishing Cen e o Linguis ics and Encyclopedias) was published. Since he esea ch o he Li huanian language was ini ia ed by desc ip ions o indi idual egional language a ian s, his monog aph can be conside ed as a con inuous p epa a ion o he s udy unde discussion, and he eade can ind he e he p ehis o y o he ins i u ionaliza ion o he Li huanian language. 4 Tyla (1999: 13) was bo n in he Uni ed Kingdom. Danguolė Mikulėnienė Lie u ių kalbos ins i u o is o ija: lie u ių kalbos i kalbo y os ins i ucionalizacija Re iews o Re iews 349 o he cu en Li huanian Language Ins i u e, he i s idea, he his o y o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e's scien i ic s udy: he ins i u ionaliza ion o Li huanian language and linguis ics as an objec o he au ho 's selec ed ac i i ies o he Li huanian Language Depa men . An ano Sme onas Li huanian Ins i u e had h ee depa men s: Li huanian language, Li huanian his o y and Tau osakos depa men . Compa ed o o he depa men s o he Ins i u e, he ac i i ies o he Li huanian language depa men , as he au ho o he s udy says, we e excep ional […] he linguis s had se e al addi ional asks: […] o o ganize and implemen he managemen o he s a e language, and oge he wi h i […] o ac i a e and mode nize language science in Li huania[…] (p. 10). In he i s science s udy sec ion, he esea che "Cha ac e is ics o he Ins i u e o Li huanian S udies o An ano Sme ona" econs uc ed no only he scien i ic and o ganiza ional ac i i ies o he Li huanian Language Depa men , bu also he ac i i ies o he Li huanian Ins i u e as a whole. Un il now, Li huanian his o iog aphy has only s udied he ideological and socio-cul u al con ex o he c ea ion o he Li huanian Ins i u e and i s p ehis o y, bu he goals, asks, s uc u e, managemen o he Li huanian Ins i u e, and mos impo an ly, he s a o he Ins i u e and i s change we e no he ocus o Li huanian his o iog aphy. I should be no ed ha he ac i i ies o he Li huanian His o y Depa men o he Li huanian Ins i u e a e comple ely neglec ed in he ield o his o ians' ac i i ies, only indi idual pe sonali ies and hei his o ical legacy a e s udied. Howe e , as he mos ecen s udy by Danguolė Mikulėnienė shows, he e has been close coope a ion be ween his o ians and linguis s, as well-documen ed by Mykolo Bi žiškos na ys ė Lie u os kalbos sky iaus Ta yboje (p. 31). The e o e, he s udy o he his o y o he Ins i u e o he Li huanian Language: he ins i u ionaliza ion o he Li huanian language and linguis ics is a g ea incen i e o his o ians o s a compa a i e s udies, especially since Danguolė Mikulėnienė, based on he a chi al sou ces (ac i i y plans, p o ocols, public speeches, epo s o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e), mos o which a e in oduced in o scien i ic ci cula ion o he i s ime, desc ibed in de ail he leade ship o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e, he s a o he Ins i u e and i s composi ion. This de ailed s udy is pe ec ly complemen ed by he appendices o he scien i ic s udy "Biog ams". Membe s o he Council, adminis a i e s a and language wo ke s o he Li huanian Ins i u e An ano Sme onas (p. 178-195) and documen a y biog aphical illus a ions (p. 196-207), which p o ide new, hi he o unknown documen a y ma e ial abou G alija G alija, Elena Ho odni sa Napu ė (Samani Lengu ė), Vik o as Kaman auskas, Aleksand as Kaminas, Vincas T ump, check he ac s abou hei du ies as di ec o o he Li huanian Ins i u e. 5 Mačiulis (2002: 19-38) and his wi e This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. 6 The Gieda (2017). OLGA MASTIANICA, VIOLETA MEILIŪNAITĖ 350 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVII This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Danguolė Mikulėnienė paid special a en ion o he So ie iza ion badges o he i s Li huanian Ins i u e. In he book "His o y o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e: Ins i u ionaliza ion o he Li huanian Language and Linguis ics" i is shown how in June 1940 all books and publica ions abou An ano Sme ona we e o be emo ed om books, lib a ies and lib a ies, how he di ec o o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e Kazimie z Masilius was dismissed om his du ies, discussed wi h Aldo Pupkiu abou he a emp s o emo e Juozas Balkonis om he pos o he g ea Li huanian dic iona y, Vinco K e ė-Micke ičius was o ced o pa icipa e in he annual e iew o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e. In he science s udio, Danguolė Mikulėnienė examines he ision and mission o linguis ic and linguis ic ac i i ies based on he p ima y sou ces o he Minis e o Educa ion Jono Tonkūno, he li u gical languages o he Di ec o o he Li huanian Ins i u e Kazimie as Masiliūno on he occasion o he opening o he Li huanian Ins i u e and he minu es o he mee ing o he Li huanian Language Council (Ma ch 18, 1939), which eco ded he commi men s o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e. This is a aluable esou ce o his o ians and schola s o he subjec , and is p esen ed in he book's appendix (p. I is in e es ing o no e ha K. Masiliūnas en isaged he ou h (bu ce ainly no he las ) ask o s udying and publishing monumen s o he his o y o he Li huanian language and ancien w i ing (p. 95). This ask, as he s udy o Danguolė Mikulėnienė shows, was success ully ca ied ou by he Li huanian language depa men (p. 126). Danguolė Mikulėnienė, examining he plans and epo s o he Li huanian language depa men , came o a e y signi ican conclusion, wo h quo ing sepa a ely: "The linguis s o he Li huanian Ins i u e c ea ed a mode n Li huanian language, ideologically and me hodologically supe io o he schools o he beginning o he 20 h cen u y [Kie oazim] Būgas and [Jono] Jablonski and hus included Li huanian language in he linguis ic discou se" (p. 101 in Eu ope). In o he wo ds, i can be a gued ha om isola ed, indi idual and o en sho - e m esea ch and he goals i se s o i sel , he e is a ansi ion o sys ema ic, comp ehensi e and long- e m planning and o ganiza ion o esea ch in Li huanian. By eaching ou o g oups o scien is s, a mo e de ailed, deepe and mo e di e se e alua ion o he esea ch objec s was sough . In addi ion, i should be bo ne in mind ha he ocus was no only on, le us call i , he local ma ke , bu also on a much b oade le el […] he aim was o en e he […]scien i ic linguis ic discou se in Eu ope[…], in o he wo ds, o elimina e he sepa a ion o Li huanian language. This is also e iden om he ac ha he Ins i u e employs scien is s who ha e s udied in o eign ins i u ions and a e no amilia wi h he Eu opean discou se (see he biog aphies in Annex 1). In he second chap e o he sepa a e science s udy "Vision and mission o linguis ic and linguis ic ac i i ies: a econs uc ion pe spec i e" i was assessed how he ideas o he Li huanian language depa men on he egula ion o e minology di e ed om he ea lie ones Danguolė Mikulėnienė Lie u ių kalbos ins i u o is o ija: lie u ių kalbos i kalbo y os ins i ucionalizacija Re iews o 351 summa ies, explaining how he edi o ial boa d o he G ea Li huanian Language Dic iona y con ibu ed o he p epa a ion o Li huanians, how he Li huanian Language Depa men ook ca e o applied linguis ics a eas such as oponymy and an h oponymics in Vilnius and Vilnius egion. I is impo an o no e ha his de ailed analysis allows o he i s ime in Li huanian his o iog aphy o e eal and assess he ole played by he Li huanian Ins i u e o An anas Sme onas, and mo e speci ically he Li huanian Language Depa men , in he ac ions o he Vilnius go e nmen . Danguolei Mikulėnienei also ook ca e o he communica ion policy aspec s o he speake s […] ela ions wi h o eign and local educa ional and public cul u al ins i u ions. I is ue ha less a en ion is paid in he s udy o science o he in e -disciplina y coope a ion be ween he Li huanian Language Depa men (and i s ins i u ions) o he Li huanian Ins i u e o Li huanian His o y and he Li huanian His o y Depa men . Howe e , such a choice o Danguolė Mikulėnienė is comple ely unde s andable […] The ac i i ies o he Li huanian His o y Depa men o he An ano Sme onas Li huanian Ins i u e in his o iog aphy a e no deal wi h sepa a ely. I is also wo h men ioning ha his s udy is only pa o a b oade s udy […] nex o he i le, he eade will easily no ice he numbe […]1[…], which allows o expec ha he esea ch wo k will be con inued […] la e pe iods a e analyzed, he de elopmen and con inui y o indi idual esea ch is upda ed, a en ion is paid o indi iduals who ha e done a lo in he Li huanian language, bu a he ew a e known no only o he gene al ci cle o eade s, bu o en also o he linguis ic ci cle […] The abundance o documen s p o ided in he annexes no only makes i possible o subs an ia e he scien is 's claims, bu also allows o he esea che s o independen ly acqui e his ma e ial and use i o hei own esea ch, which, o cou se, he s udy in ques ion can (and should) encou age. Thus, he e is no doub ha he Danguolė Mikulėnienė's s udy o he his o y o he Li huanian language ins i u e: he ins i u ionaliza ion o he Li huanian language and linguis ics p o ides a solid heo e ical and me hodological basis, is a s ong impe us no only o his o ians o he language, bu also o his o ians o look back and s a esea ching he p ocesses o ins i u ionaliza ion o hei ields o science and o compa e and e alua e hese p ocesses. In addi ion, i p o ides a lo o new da a no only abou he beginning o he ac i i ies o he Ins i u e, which became he Ins i u e o Li huanian Language, he i s di ec ions and scope o esea ch, bu also allows o ge an imp ession abou he gene al li e o Li huania a ha ime, he con ex s, he challenges and he pe sonali ies who sol ed hem. The a en ion paid o he pe sonali ies who c ea ed he ounda ions o complex Li huanian language esea ch, o med he mos up- o-da e knowledge-based me hodologies, ou lined he guidelines o he de elopmen o he s a e language, c ea ed he ace o he Li huanian in elligen sia in he in e wa pe iod is ano he and in ini ely impo an dis inc i eness o his s udy. 7 Mačiulis, S aliūnas (2015) This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion. OLGA MASTIANICA, VIOLETA MEILIŪNAITĖ 352 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVII Taigi belieka palinkė i Au o ei kuo ge iausios sėkmės i lauk i ki ų dalių, de elopmen s in he ins i u ionalisa ion o he Li huanian language and Li huanian linguis ics. LITERATŪRA Gieda Au elijus 2017: Mani es uojan i Klėja. Is o ikai i is o ika Lie u oje 1883– 1940 m., Vilnius: Vilniaus uni e si e o leidykla. Juze o ičius Romualdas 2019: Li uanis inių mokslų ins i ucionaliza imas 1939– 1955 m.: kul ū ologinio disku so b uožai. – Li uanis ica 65, 2(116), 88–103. Mačiulis Dangi as 2002: An ano Sme onos Li uanis ikos Ins i u o įkū imas. – Li uanis ica 2(50), 19–38. Mačiulis Dangi as, S aliūnas Da ius 2015: Vilnius – Lie u os sos inė: p oblema au inės als ybės p ojek e (XIX a. pabaiga – 1940 m.), Vilnius: LII leidykla. Mikulėnienė Danguolė 2018: Lie u ių a mė y a: genezė, aida i pa adigminiai lū- žiai, Vilnius: Mokslo i enciklopedijų leidybos cen as. Sabaliauskas Algi das 1979: Lie u ių kalbos y inėjimo is o ija: iki 1940, Vilnius: Mokslas. Sabaliauskas Algi das 1982: Lie u ių kalbos y inėjimo is o ija: 1940–1980, Vilnius: Mokslas. Sabaliauskas Algi das 2012: Lie u ių kalbos y inėjimo is o ija: 1980–2010, Vilnius: Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as. Tyla An anas 1999: Is o ija li uanis ikos kon eks e. – Li uanis ika: adicijos, da- ba is, pe spek y os: mokslinės kon e encijos, ski os Li uanis ikos ins i u o įs eigi- mo 60-mečiui paminė i p anešimai, ed. kolegija A. Kalėda, Z. Kiaupa, K. Mo kūnas, Vilnius: Lie u os is o ijos ins i u o leidykla, 13–30. Deli e ed on 23 Oc obe 2022 OLGA MASTIANICA Lie u os is o ijos ins i u as The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. VIOLETA MEILIŪNAITĖ Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.