1
con inued on nex page
Published by he A c ic Resea ch Conso ium o he Uni ed S a es • 3535 College Road • Sui e 101 • Fai banks, AK 99709
Ch onicles o he NSF A c ic Sciences P og am Au umn 2001, Volume 9 Numbe 1
ARCTIC
SCICEX Sona s Cha New Topog aphies, New Theo ies
by Ma go Edwa ds, Robe Ande son, Dale Chayes, Be na d Coakley, James Coch an, Ma in Jakobsson, G ego y Ku as,
Leonid Polyak, and Ma k Rogns ad
In he 1990s, he U.S. Na y and NSF
collabo a ed o de elop he Science Ice
Exe cises (SCICEX), a i e-yea p og am
o in es iga e he A c ic Basin using
S u geon-class nuclea -powe ed subma-
ines (see Wi ness Sp ing 1996, Sp ing
1998, Sp ing/Au umn 1999). Du ing he
inal wo deploymen s o SCICEX in 1998
and 1999, Sea loo Cha ac e iza ion and
Mapping Pods (SCAMP) we e moun ed
on he hull o he USS Hawkbill o collec
da a necessa y o p oducing he i s com-
p ehensi e high- esolu ion maps o he
su ace and shallow subsu ace o he a c ic
sea loo . The SCAMP sys em inco po a ed
a 12 kHz sidescan ba hyme ic sona o
imaging and measu ing sea loo dep hs
o e a swa h o up o 10 km, and a chi p
subbo om p o ile o s udying he sub-
su ace.
SCAMP succeeded ema kably, acqui -
ing mo e han 40 million dep h sound-
ings; he olume o ex u al and
subbo om da a collec ed exceeds he
numbe o dep h soundings by 2–3 o de s
o magni ude. In combina ion wi h he
su ace ex u e (sidescan) and subbo om
da a, SCAMP ba hyme y da a a e p o id-
ing a new h ee-dimensional pe spec i e o
he A c ic Basin sea loo ha is enabling
geologis s o challenge widely held heo ies
in di e se subjec s. Recen le e s pub-
lished in Na u e span he scien i ic spec-
um om i e o ice, using SCAMP da a
o p esen new ideas abou mid-ocean
idge olcanism and paleoclima ology.
Th ee ba hyme ic ep esen a ions o he same a ea along he wes e n Gakkel Ridge. The uppe mos cha shows he bes
da a publicly a ailable o he Gakkel Ridge in 1999 (ETOPO-5); he middle cha depic s da a om he In e na ional
Ba hyme ic Cha o he A c ic Ocean (IBCAO) eleased in 2000; he lowes cha shows da a collec ed by he USS
Hawkbill using he Sea loo Cha ac e iza ion and Mapping Pods (SCAMP) in 1999. Top: The ETOPO-5 Ea h
opog aphy da ase was c ea ed by combining he Digi al Ba hyme y Da abase-5 (DBDB5) o he oceans wi h se e al
di e en opog aphic da ase s o he con inen s (Lough idge, 1986). G id cell size is 5 minu es x 5 minu es; da a
densi y, howe e , is highly a iable wi hin he ba hyme ic da ase (con inued on nex page).
2
Fea u e A icle
Edwa ds e al. (2001) epo he dis-
co e y o wo la ge, ela i ely young olca-
noes on he ul a-slow-sp eading A c ic
Mid-Ocean Ridge commonly e e ed o
as he Gakkel Ridge. P e ailing models o
mid-ocean idge sys ems p edic ha as
sp eading a e dec eases, he in luence o
olcanism also dec eases; i has been
unclea i signi ican olcanism occu ed a
all a ul a-low sp eading a es (<1.5 cm/
yea ). SCAMP da a clea ly demons a e
ha signi ican olcanism does occu along
he slowes sp eading mid-ocean idge on
Ea h. SCAMP sidescan maps o he eas -
e n Gakkel Ridge show wo olcanoes ha
a e acous ically e y e lec i e compa ed o
he su ounding e ain, which SCAMP
subbo om da a con i m o be co e ed by
hick sedimen s. The mo phology o he
e lec i e egions is consis en wi h ha o
subma ine la a lows obse ed a o he
mid-ocean idges. The loca ion o one ol-
cano imaged by SCAMP coincides wi h
he a e age loca ion o epicen e s o mo e
han 250 ea hquakes ha he global seis-
mic ne wo k de ec ed om Janua y
h ough Sep embe 1999. The USS
Hawkbill passed di ec ly o e he olcano,
a a sa e al i ude o app oxima ely wo
miles abo e he sea loo , on 6 May 1999.
Edwa ds e al. (2001) sugges ha he sub-
ma ine mapped an unde wa e e up ion in
he A c ic as, o sho ly a e , i occu ed.
Polyak e al. (2001) use SCAMP side-
scan and chi p da a o p esen compelling
e idence ha loa ing ice shee s (ice
shel es) as hick as one kilome e co e ed
la ge pa s, o pe haps all, o he A c ic
Ocean a leas once du ing he Pleis ocene
ice ages ( om 1.6 million o 10,000 yea s
ago). Jus as glacie s al e he land benea h
hem, ice shel es once modi ied he a c ic
sea- loo , lea ing ell ale signs o how hey
mo ed ac oss subma ine idges and pla-
eaus. The USS Hawkbill and SCAMP
mapped linea ions and idges ha appea
o ha e been o med a he bo om o
mo ing glacie s and a glacie ma gins,
espec i ely, in wa e dep hs anging om
400 o nea ly 1,000 m on he Chukchi
Bo de land, Alaska Ma gin, Lomonoso
Ridge, and Ye mak Pla eau. A shallowe
dep hs, he sea loo was ound o be gouged
ex ensi ely by icebe gs. Because s a i-
g aphic models o A c ic Ocean sedimen s
a e con o e sial, assigning p ecise ages o
he p esence o he ice shel es will equi e
u he esea ch. The deepes glacial e o-
sion a almos 1,000 m dep h on Lomono-
so Ridge appea s o ha e occu ed a
ei he 150,000 o 600,000+ yea s ago.
Mos cu en paleoclima e models
assume A c ic Ocean ice co e was hin
du ing he Pleis ocene ice ages, a aining
jus se e al me e s a i s maximum hick-
ness. Polyak e al.’s (2001) epo will
s imula e majo e isions in ou unde -
s anding o he Ea h’s clima ic his o y
and should imp o e p edic ions o Ea h’s
pas and p esen clima e changes. P oo
ha hick ice once co e ed he A c ic also
poses an in iguing ques ion o biologis s:
how did li e su i e unde a hick ice cap
in an almos isola ed A c ic Ocean?
The wo epo s desc ibed abo e a e
he i s esul s om he SCICEX/SCAMP
da abase. Ex ended a icles de ailing he
indings a e due o be submi ed be o e he
end o his yea . Addi ional p ojec s using
he SCICEX/SCAMP da ase ocus on he
Lomonoso Ridge, Alaska Ma gin,
No hwind Ridge, and Ye mak Pla eau.
SCAMP da a a e being used o suppo
his au umn’s join U.S./Eu opean ice-
b eake c uise o he Gakkel Ridge (see
page 17), and a e included in he Ocean
D illing P ojec ’s da abase o suppo a c-
ic d illing (see Wi ness Sp ing 1998).
A he p esen , dedica ed science mis-
sions a e no easible o he Na y’s
nuclea subma ine o ce; he success and
b oad impac o he 1998 and 1999 col-
labo a ion, howe e , and he ac ha only
a small ac ion o he A c ic Basin has
been mapped in his le el o de ail, keeps
a c ic scien is s ale o an oppo uni y o
collabo a e again in a u u e subma ine
deploymen (see page 18).
The NSF A c ic Na u al Sciences P o-
g am (see pages 10–11), Lamon -Dohe y
Ea h Obse a o y (LDEO) o Columbia
Uni e si y, Palisades Geophysical Ins i u-
ion, and he go e nmen s o Canada,
No way, and Sweden unded SCAMP.
Fo mo e in o ma ion abou he
SCICEX p og am and SCAMP ins u-
men a ion, see he LDEO web si e (www.
ldeo.columbia.edu/SCICEX/), o con ac
Ma go Edwa ds in Honolulu, HI (808/
956-5232; ax 808/956-6530; ma go@
soes .hawaii.edu). To iew examples o
ba hyme y and sidescan cha s p oduced
om SCICEX/SCAMP, see www.soes .
hawaii.edu/HMRG/. The IBCAO da a a e
a ailable a www.ngdc.noaa.go /mgg/
ba hyme y/a c ic/a c ic.h ml.
Re e ences
Edwa ds, M.H., G.J. Ku as, M. Tols oy,
D.R. Bohnens iehl, B.J. Coakley, and
J.R. Coch an. 2001. E idence o ecen
olcanic ac i i y on he ul a-slow sp ead-
ing Gakkel Ridge. Na u e 409, 808–812.
Jakobsson, M., N.Z. Che kis, J. Wood-
wa d, R. Macnab, and B. Coakley.
2000. New g id o A c ic ba hyme y
aids scien is s and mapmake s. Eos,
T ans. Am. Geophys. Union 81, 89–96.
Lough idge, M. 1986. Relie map o he
Ea h’s su ace. Eos, T ans. Am. Geophys.
Union 67, 121-122.
Polyak, L., M.H. Edwa ds, B.J. Coakley
and M. Jakobsson. 2001. Exis ence o
A c ic ice shel es du ing he Pleis ocene
in e ed om deep-sea glaciogenic
bed o ms. Na u e 410, 453–456.
M. Edwa ds is an Associa e Resea che ,
R. Ande son is an Acous ician, G. Ku as is
a doc o al candida e, and M. Rogns ad is a
Sona Design Specialis , all a he Uni e si y
o Hawaii; D. Chayes is a Senio S a Asso-
cia e and J. Coch an is a Senio Resea ch
Scien is , bo h a Lamon -Dohe y Ea h
Obse a o y, Columbia Uni e si y; B.
Coakley is an Assis an P o esso a Tulane
Uni e si y; M. Jakobsson is a Resea ch Sci-
en is a he Cen e o Coas al and Ocean
Mapping/Join Hyd og aphic Cen e , Uni-
e si y o New Hampshi e; and L. Polyak
is a Resea ch Scien is a he By d Pola
Resea ch Cen e , The Ohio S a e Uni e si y.
Cap ion (con inued om page 1). Cen e : The In e na ional Ba hyme ic Cha o he A c ic Ocean (IBCAO; see
Wi ness Sp ing 2000) da ase was de i ed om app oxima ely 1.5 million single-beam soundings and digi ized
ba hyme ic maps compiled om my iad expedi ions o p oduce a g id wi h 2.5 x 2.5 km cells (Jakobsson e al. 2000).
In he cen al A c ic Ocean, a nea ly emp y da abase was signi ican ly en iched by he addi ion o his o ic and mode n
obse a ions collec ed by U.S. and B i ish subma ines, Swedish and Ge man iceb eake s, and by dep hs de i ed om a
new con ou map p epa ed by he Russian Na y. The IBCAO da ase con ains single-beam p o iles collec ed by U.S.
Na y subma ines om 1958 un il 1988 and also du ing he 1995–99 SCICEX missions. Bo om: In he SCAMP
da a, i is possible o dis inguish indi idual abyssal hills, alleys, seamoun s, and idges and hus e alua e which p ocesses
o med he opog aphy. The SCAMP da a shown we e collec ed o e app oxima ely h ee days in 1999. Swa h wid h is
app oxima ely 10 km; ba hyme ic da a we e g idded in 250 m x 250 m cells. The da ase will be made publicly
a ailable in 2002 ( igu e by G ego y Ku as and Ma go Edwa ds).
3
The In e agency S udy o En i onmen al A c ic Change (SEARCH)
SEARCH De elops Implemen a ion F amewo k
The S udy o En i onmen al A c ic
Change (SEARCH) is an in e disci-
plina y, mul iscale p og am dedica ed o
unde s anding he complex o in e ela ed
changes ha ha e been obse ed in he
a c ic en i onmen in he pas ew decades
(see Wi ness Sp ing 2000). SEARCH is
en isioned as a long- e m e o o obse -
a ions, modeling, p ocess s udies, and
applica ions de o ed o unde s anding his
complex, i s ela ion o global clima e, and
i s impac s on ecosys ems and socie y.
The SEARCH Science Plan, ecen ly
comple ed by he SEARCH Science S ee -
ing Commi ee (SSC) and In e agency
Wo king G oup (IWG), is a ailable on he
SEARCH web si e. The SSC and IWG
ha e been wo king oge he and sepa a ely
o begin implemen a ion o he SEARCH
e o (see Wi ness Win e 2000/2001).
In e agency Planning
Because he b oad SEARCH e o
equi es a coo dina ed in e agency
app oach, he IWG is composed o key
p og am manage s om agencies ha pa -
icipa e in he In e agency A c ic Resea ch
Policy Commi ee (IARPC; see box). The
IWG is de eloping an in e agency unding
me hod o SEARCH and has comple ed
an implemen a ion amewo k o SEARCH
wi h unding plans o 2002 and 2003.
Gene al agency p io i ies o 2003 a e
an icipa ed in i e majo hema ic a eas:
• human socie y,
• ma ine/ e es ial biosphe e,
• a mosphe e and c yosphe e,
• ocean, and
• in eg a ed p ojec s/models/assessmen .
The implemen a ion amewo k has
been ansmi ed o IARPC, he IWG’s
pa en body; IARPC Chai and NSF
Di ec o Ri a Colwell will use he imple-
men a ion amewo k in discussions wi h
he o he agencies and he O ice o Man-
agemen and Budge o gain Adminis a-
ion app o al o he p og am.
In Augus 2001, he SSC and IWG
held a join wo kshop o coalesce in es i-
ga o and unding agency expec a ions o
SEARCH. The g oup ocused on iden i y-
ing app op ia e p io i ies and empo al
phases o add essing SEARCH science
ques ions. Pa icipan s also discussed pos-
sible sub-elemen s o SEARCH, including:
• he A c ic/Sub-A c ic Ocean Fluxes
p og am (see Wi ness Win e 2000/2001);
• A c ic Ocean ci cula ion and ice
dynamics;
• a mosphe ic and c yosphe ic change in
he A c ic; and
• he esponses o ecosys ems and socie ies
o en i onmen al change.
The la e heme was he subjec o a June
2001 SEARCH Biocomplexi y Incuba ion
Ac i i y wo kshop (see Wi ness Win e
2000/2001).
Fu u e Plans
The IWG-SSC wo kshop pa icipan s
also ou lined addi ional planning e o s
needed o guide he coo dina ed imple-
men a ion o SEARCH. The SSC will
p oduce a d a implemen a ion s a egy
ou lining possible u u e implemen a ion
plans, including science ques ions and he
p io i y- iming phase diag am de eloped
a he Augus wo kshop. The IWG will
d a e ms o e e ence o SEARCH
ope a ing and unding mechanisms.
The SSC and IWG will wo k oge he
o de elop a comp ehensi e SEARCH
implemen a ion plan, which will iden i y:
• he sub-elemen s necessa y o add ess
he science ques ions,
• a a ge ime sequence,
• mechanisms o de eloping indi idual
implemen a ion plans o he sub-
elemen s o SEARCH,
• oppo uni ies o in e na ional
in ol emen , and
• mechanisms o ensu e ha he
SEARCH e o emains ocused.
The nex join mee ing o he SSC and
IWG, en a i ely planned o la e Oc obe
2001, will e iew and discuss:
• he nea - inal implemen a ion s a egy,
• a wo king d a o he SEARCH
implemen a ion plan, and
• d a s o he e ms o e e ence.
The IWG and SSC a e hope ul ha
agency budge s o FY 2002 will be
known by la e Oc obe , so ha agencies
will be able o be mo e explici abou
SEARCH e o s du ing 2002.
SEARCH will sponso a wo kshop in
Sea le, 27–29 No embe 2001, o discuss
exis ing knowledge o la ge-scale
Agencies Con ibu ing o
SEARCH
Na ional Science Founda ion
Na ional Ae onau ics and Space
Adminis a ion
Depa men o Comme ce
Na ional Oceanic and A mosphe ic
Adminis a ion
Depa men o De ense
O ice o Na al Resea ch
Cold Regions Resea ch and
Enginee ing Labo a o y
Depa men o Ene gy
A mosphe ic Radia ion Measu emen
P og am—No h Slope o Alaska/
Adjacen A c ic Ocean Si e
Depa men o In e io
Bu eau o Land Managemen
Fish and Wildli e Se ice
Geological Su ey
Mine als Managemen Se ice
Na ional Pa k Se ice
Depa men o Ag icul u e
Ag icul u al Resea ch Se ice
Na u al Resou ce Conse a ion
Se ice
Fo es Se ice
En i onmen al P o ec ion Agency
Smi hsonian Ins i u ion
Depa men o T anspo a ion
U.S. Coas Gua d
a mosphe ic and c yosphe ic obse ing sys-
ems in he con ex o SEARCH. The
wo kshop, which is ad iso y o he IWG
and SSC, will assess how cu en obse a-
ions can be bes used and enhanced o un-
de s and and p edic he ongoing changes
in he A c ic. A p elimina y agenda is a ail-
able on he SEARCH web si e, and mo e
in o ma ion is a ailable om Jim O e land
in Sea le, WA (206/526-6795; ax 206/
526-6485; [email p o ec ed]).
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he SEARCH
web si e (h p://psc.apl.washing on/sea ch),
o con ac SSC Chai Jamie Mo ison in
Sea le, WA (206/543-1394; ax 206/616-
3142; [email p o ec ed]) o
IWG Chai John Calde in Sil e Sp ing,
MD (301/713-2518 ex . 288; ax 301/
713-2519; [email p o ec ed]).
4
A c ic Uppe A mosphe e Resea ch
Au o al S udies Shed Ligh on he Physics o Space
Because he uppe a mosphe e is a ec ed by
he opog aphy o he pola magne ic ield,
he sola wind, he in e plane a y magne ic
ield, and cold mesosphe ic empe a u es, i s
beha io in he a c ic egion is ele an o
global change and space wea he issues and
may ha e implica ions o a c ic sys em sci-
ence. In his and ollowing issues o Wi ness
he A c ic, we p esen o e iews o cu en
esea ch e o s on a c ic uppe a mosphe e
opics, including s udies o he au o a, occu -
ence and physics o noc ilucen clouds, and
he pola ionosphe e.
In 1859, B i ish as onome Richa d
Ca ing on, obse ing he sun as pa
o a long- e m s udy o sunspo beha io ,
no ed an eno mous b igh ening in one
sunspo g oup. Se en een hou s la e , an
in ense dis up ion occu ed in he e es-
ial magne ic ield, accompanied by an
au o a ha could be seen as a sou h as
Cuba. In no ing a possible connec ion
be ween hese e en s, Ca ing on ma ked
he bi h o space physics— he s udy o
he po ion o he space en i onmen ha
alls wi hin he Sun’s sphe e o in luence
and, consequen ly, is o di ec ele ance
o li e on Ea h.
The au o a con inues o be a cen al
opic in space physics because i p o ides a
unique window in o he Ea h’s nea -space
en i onmen . The au o a is p oduced
mainly by elec ons p ecipi a ing om
space. Because he ai densi y in he uppe
a mosphe e is so low, au o al elec ons a e
cons ained o mo e in igh helical o bi s
along he Ea h’s magne ic ield lines. This
means ha au o al a cs can be in e p e ed
as magne ic ield s uc u es illumina ed by
incoming elec ons in he same way ha
images a e p oduced on a ele ision sc een.
Simila ly, au o al mo ions a e a p ojec ion
o ime-dependen dynamics in he emo e
magne osphe e.
Ea ly heo ies p oposed ha he au o a
esul ed om he di ec en y o sola wind
elec ons in o he pola a mosphe e.
Al hough s ill p e alen in he popula li -
e a u e, his explana ion was e u ed by
obse a ional e idence. Au o al pa icles
come om a popula ion o elec ons and
ions which has buil up o e ime in he
s e ched an i-sunwa d ail o Ea h’s mag-
ne ic ca i y. The magne ic ield o an
app oaching sola wind igge s he explo-
si e elease o he pa icles in o he a mo-
sphe e. This igge ing p ocess— e e ed
o as “ econnec ion”—is undamen al o
all plasmas. Reconnec ion is being s udied
h ough p og ams unded by NSF, he
Na ional A mosphe ic and Space Admini-
s a ion (NASA), and he Depa men s o
De ense and Ene gy (DoD and DOE).
Resea ch p og ams suppo ed by se -
e al agencies add ess he au o a’s e ec s on
space wea he , global change, and he
ene gy balance o he Ea h’s a mosphe e.
The Coupling, Ene ge ics and Dynamics
o A mosphe ic Regions (CEDAR; see
page 5) and Geospace En i onmen Mod-
eling (GEM) p og ams o he NSF Di i-
sion o A mosphe ic Sciences examine
sola in luences on global change, includ-
ing clima e changes linked o long- e m
a ia ions o he Sun. The Sun Ea h Con-
nec ions P og am, a majo NASA e o
dedica ed o unde s anding he low o
ene gy om he Sun o he Ea h, includes
he Li ing Wi h a S a p og am, which
suppo s esea ch and space missions o
desc ibe he Sun’s e ec s on space wea he
and global change. Wi h con ibu ions
om NSF, NASA, DoD, DOE, and he
Na ional Oceanic and A mosphe ic Ad-
minis a ion, he in e agency Na ional
Space Wea he P og am (NSWP) suppo s
esea ch leading o be e p edic i e
capabili ies o space wea he ope a ional
o ecas ing. This subs an ial in es men in
space science e lec s he g owing numbe s
o space- and g ound-based echnical
sys ems ha a e ulne able o ad e se
condi ions in he space en i onmen .
Ano he cu en esea ch ocus con-
ce ns he eedback be ween he a c ic
uppe a mosphe e and he dis an mag-
ne osphe e. Al hough i is he incoming
pa icles ha p oduce au o al ligh , elec-
ons a e in ac mo ing in o and ou o
he pola ionosphe e in equal numbe s.
This coupling can in luence he e icacy
wi h which he au o a o ms. Fo ins ance,
he ac ha he au o a is mo e likely o
occu in nigh ime han in day ime is
ela ed o he ele a ed elec ical conduc-
ance o he sunli ionosphe e. Se e al new
ins umen s designed o imp o e dayligh
obse a ions o he au o a, unde de elop-
men wi h suppo om he NSF Di ision
o A mosphe ic Sciences, should con ib-
u e signi ican ly o elucida ing he mecha-
nism by which he inc eased elec ical
conduc ance is communica ed o he mag-
ne osphe e. In addi ion, he GEM p o-
g am ecen ly ini ia ed a mul imillion-
dolla e o o s udy he coupling be ween
he magne osphe e and ionosphe e.
Pe manen g ound-based acili ies in
he A c ic p o ide essen ial obse a ions o
complemen space-based in es iga ions o
he au o a. NSF suppo s he Sønd es øm
Facili y in G eenland and he Pola Cap
Obse a o y in Resolu e Bay, Canada, and
con ibu es o he deploymen and ope a-
ion o adiowa e and op ical ins umen s
h oughou he A c ic. While hese ins u-
men s and acili ies a e designed o obse e
he au o a and o he mani es a ions o he
in e ac ion be ween he a mosphe e and
he magne osphe e, hey a e also impo -
an logis ics hubs o o he a c ic esea ch.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he ollow-
ing web si es: NSWP (www.spacescience.
o g/SWOP/NSWP), NSF A mosphe ic
Sciences (www.geo.ns .go /a m), and
Sønd es øm (www.is .s i.com), o con ac
Je Thaye (650/859-3557; haye @
s i.com), John Kelly (650/859-3749;
[email p o ec ed]), o Joshua Seme e (joshua.
[email p o ec ed]) in Menlo Pa k, CA ( ax
o all: 650/322-2318).
To p oduce he obse ed op ical e ec , au o al elec ons
mus be accele a ed o a eloci y o ~50,000 km/s du ing
hei jou ney om he magne osphe e o he a mosphe e.
An ou s anding issue in plasma physics, he mechanism
by which his accele a ion occu s is he ocus o cu en
sa elli e missions, such as NASA’s POLAR and IMAGE
spacec a (pho o cou esy o C aig Heinselman, SRI
In e na ional).
5
CEDAR Obse a ions Map he A c ic’s Uppe A mosphe e
The close coalignmen o he axis o he Ea h’s geomag-
ne ic ield and he axis o he Ea h’s o a ion acili a es
he en y o ene gy and momen um om he sola wind
and in e plane a y space in o pola egions. The au o a,
shown he e om space, is he mos commonly known
example o his phenomenon (image om NASA’s
Dynamics Explo e sa elli e, cou esy o Louis F ank,
Uni e si y o Iowa).
The Coupling, Ene ge ics and Dynam-
ics o A mosphe ic Regions (CEDAR)
p og am s a ed in 1986 as a communi y
ini ia i e o ins umen a ion ha would
enable s a e-o - he-a in es iga ions o he
Ea h’s uppe a mosphe e. B oadened o
encompass mul iple diagnos ic echniques,
heo y, modeling, and coo dina ed obse -
a ional campaigns, CEDAR is cu en ly
he dominan na ional and in e na ional
esea ch p og am in e es ial ae onomy.
Pa o he Sola In luences P og am
wi hin he NSF Di ision o A mosphe ic
Sciences, CEDAR is de o ed o he cha -
ac e iza ion and unde s anding o he
a mosphe e om app oxima ely 60 o
1,000 km abo e he su ace o he Ea h
(i.e., he mesosphe e, exosphe e, magne o-
sphe e), wi h emphasis on he ene ge ic
and dynamic p ocesses ha de e mine he
basic composi ion and s uc u e o he
a mosphe e. Pa icula a en ion is gi en
o how hese p ocesses a e coupled bo h
e ically and ho izon ally, ans e ing
mass, ene gy, and momen um, and signi i-
can ly a ec ing he global beha io o he
Ea h’s uppe a mosphe e.
The science agenda o CEDAR Phase
III, ou lined in 1998, includes he ollow-
ing ini ia i es:
• Coupling wi h Lowe Al i udes— he
s udy o idal, plane a y, and g a i y
wa es, which a e o ced p ima ily in he
oposphe e and s a osphe e and ha e
p o ound in luences on he ionosphe e-
he mosphe e-mesosphe e (ITM) sys em;
• Sola -Te es ial In e ac ions—in es i-
ga ions o he esponse o he global
ITM sys em o sola a ia ions and
dis u bances o e many ime scales; and
• Long- e m Va ia ions—explo ing he
o igins o long- e m a mosphe ic a ia-
ions by building on 10 o 30-yea long
da ase s.
A c ic S udies in CEDAR
Because limi ed access o pola egions
has p e en ed a ull unde s anding o he
undamen al p ocesses ha go e n he
pola a mosphe e, Pola Ae onomy is he
ou h CEDAR Phase III ini ia i e. Ho i-
zon al ansi imes a e hou s o days in
he uppe a mosphe e and ionosphe e,
allowing apid ad ec ion o ene gy and
momen um be ween he poles and middle
la i udes. The dis inc i e ea u es o he
a c ic uppe a mosphe e and ionosphe e
can hus ha e majo e ec s on he global
beha io o he uppe a mosphe e.
Resea ch in Pola Ae onomy is di ec ed a
p ocesses, such as he sola wind, ha
induce dis u bances a high la i udes and
in u n d i e he ene gy and dynamics o
he ITM sys em a lowe la i udes.
Cu en s udies o he a c ic uppe
a mosphe e h ough CEDAR a e con ib-
u ing o he de elopmen o a mul i-
dimensional iew o he chemical,
dynamic, he modynamic, and elec o-
dynamic coupling mechanisms h oughou
he a mosphe ic column abo e bo h poles.
Majo issues o u u e a c ic uppe
a mosphe ic esea ch in CEDAR include:
• ene ge ics and neu al dynamics,
• plasma elec odynamics and s uc u e,
• neu al and ion composi ion,
• ae osol o ma ion and cha ging, and
• au o al emissions and o ms.
CEDAR Facili ies
Beginning in 1986 wi h he c ea ion o
CEDAR “Class one” obse a o ies and he
NSF Uppe A mosphe ic Facili ies p og am,
CEDAR scien is s ha e been p o ided
wi h he bes obse a ional ools a ailable.
CEDAR obse ing acili ies, sp ead ac oss
he A c ic and sha ed among he ci cum-
pola na ions, a e loca ed a :
• S alba d, No way (see Wi ness Win e
2000/2001);
• Sønd es øm jo d, G eenland;
• Poke Fla , Alaska; and
• Eu eka and Resolu e Bay, Canada.
The new Pola Cap Obse a o y a
Resolu e Bay is sla ed o u he de elop-
men o house he new Reloca able
A mosphe ic Obse a o y in a ew yea s.
CEDAR obse a ional p og ams no -
mally couple adio, op ical, and geomag-
ne ic echniques h ough he co-loca ion
o ins umen s a s a egic si es, as well as
he use o a ays o au oma ed s a ions and
emo e sensing om sa elli es. Whe e pos-
sible, he si es ha e an Incohe en Sca e
Rada (ISR), which can de e mine a mo-
sphe ic and ionosphe ic p ope ies o
heigh s exceeding 1,000 km. Many si es
ha e Ligh De ec ion and Ranging
(LIDAR) ins umen s ha p obe up o
app oxima ely 100 km al i ude, ob aining
densi y, empe a u e, and in some cases,
wind measu emen s as a unc ion o
al i ude. All-sky image s, pho ome e s,
in e e ome e s, imaging spec og aphs,
ionosondes, and ionosphe ic abso p ion
mappe s complemen hese measu e-
men s. A ays o magne ome e s and
Supe DARN cohe en ada s (see Wi ness
Sp ing/Au umn 1999) p o ide in o ma-
ion abou ionosphe ic cu en s and
d i mo ions.
Science Managemen
A science s ee ing commi ee (SSC)
appoin ed by he di ec o s o he NSF
Ae onomy and Uppe A mosphe ic Facili-
ies p og am p o ides guidance o he
CEDAR p og am. CEDAR has a ac ed
many g adua e s uden s and in e na ional
collabo a o s h ough i s open wo kshop
s uc u e and i s coope a i e app oach,
which ocuses a wide ange o echniques
and expe ise in o comp ehensi e s udies.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he
NSF Sola In luences web si e
(www.ns .go /egch/gc_sola .h ml#ceda ),
o con ac Roge Smi h, chai o he
CEDAR SSC, in Fai banks, AK
(907/474-7416; ax 907/474-5882;
[email p o ec ed]).
A c ic Uppe A mosphe e Resea ch

6
ARCSS P og am
ARCSS Plans All-Hands Wo kshop o Feb ua y 2002
ARCSS Componen s o Mee No embe 2001
In an impo an con ibu ing s ep owa d he Feb ua y 2002 ARCSS All-Hands
mee ing (see a icle his page), wo o he majo componen s o he NSF A c ic
Sys em Science (ARCSS) P og am will hold hei annual all-in es iga o mee ings in
mid-No embe 2001 in Sal Lake Ci y, U ah. Ocean-A mosphe e-Ice In e ac ions
(OAII) and Land-A mosphe e-Ice In e ac ions (LAII) in es iga o s will ake ad an-
age o his p oximi y o mee wi h ep esen a i es om o he ARCSS componen s.
OAII All-Hands Mee ing
The OAII All-Hands Mee ing will con ene 14–16 No embe 2001. In addi ion o
pos e sessions on gene al a c ic science ac i i ies and OAII esea ch and ou each,
esea che s will p esen p oposals o ini ia i es dealing wi h a mosphe ic and nea -
sho e p ocesses (see page 9). Fo mo e in o ma ion, egis a ion, and he agenda, see
he OAII web si e (h p://a css-oaii.hpl.umces.edu/AllHands/M g2001.h ml), o con-
ac Jane Hawkey in Camb idge, MD (410/221-8416; ax 410/221-8490;
[email p o ec ed]).
LAII All-Hands Mee ing
The LAII All-Hands Mee ing will con ene 14–17 No embe 2001. In es iga o s
in he In e na ional Tund a Expe imen (ITEX), A c ic T ansi ions in he Land-
A mosphe e Sys em (ATLAS), and Russian-Ame ican Ini ia i e on Shel -Land En i-
onmen s in he A c ic (RAISE) p ojec s will mee sepa a ely o pa o he mee ing
o supplemen he plena y and pos e sessions (see page 7). Fo mo e in o ma ion and
he agenda, see he LAII web si e (www.laii.ua .edu/m g.h m), o con ac Pa icia A.
Ande son in Fai banks, AK (907/474-5415; ax 907/474-6722; [email p o ec ed]).
Join Mee ings o OAII o LAII Regis an s
A mo ning plena y session on 15 No embe 2001, open o egis an s om ei he
mee ing, will b ing oge he OAII, LAII, RAISE, and PARCS (see page 8) in es iga o s o
• upda e one ano he on he a ious componen s’ ac i i ies and ini ia i es,
• os e in e disciplina y discussions, and
• iden i y he con ibu ions needed o acili a e an e ec i e ARCSS All-Hands
Mee ing in Feb ua y 2002.
The OAII, LAII, and RAISE Science S ee ing Commi ees will mee join ly on he
a e noon o 16 No embe 2001 o ollow up on he plena y discussions.
In addi ion, he Ba ow A c ic Science Conso ium (BASC) Science Ad iso y
G oup will con ene an open mee ing on he e ening o 15 No embe 2001, ollowed
by an in o ma ional session. Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he BASC web si e (www.s os.
ua .edu/basc), o con ac Glenn Sheehan in Ba ow, AK (907/852-4881; ax 907/
852-4882; [email p o ec ed]).
The second A c ic Sys em Science
(ARCSS) P og am All-Hands Wo k-
shop will ake place 20–23 Feb ua y 2002
a he Bell Ha bo In e na ional Con e -
ence Cen e in Sea le, Washing on. The
i s ARCSS All-Hands Wo kshop was
held in 1996 a Snowbi d, U ah.
The 2002 wo kshop will p o ide in o -
ma ion and ecommenda ions o guide he
ARCSS P og am h ough a majo ansi-
ion om he cu en disciplina y compo-
nen s o ganized geog aphically ( e es ial
s. ma ine) and empo ally (cu en s.
pas ) o a b oade app oach o in e disci-
plina y issues, ques ions, and hemes.
To assis in his ansi ion, he ARCSS
Commi ee (AC) will o ganize he 2002
All-Hands mee ing a ound he i e
hema ic p io i ies ha o med he basis o
he second ARCSS Science Plan, Towa d
P edic ion o he A c ic Sys em (ARCUS
1998). These hema ic ques ions a e:
• How will he clima e o he A c ic
change o e he nex 10 o 100 yea s?
• How will u u e clima e change in e ac
wi h human ac i i ies o a ec he
sus ainabili y o na u al ecosys ems and
human socie ies?
• How will changes in a c ic bio-
geochemical cycles and eedbacks a ec
a c ic and global sys ems?
• How will changes in a c ic hyd ological
cycles and eedbacks a ec a c ic and
global sys ems?
• A e he p edic ed changes in he a c ic
sys em de ec able?
The majo objec i e o he mee ing is a
comp ehensi e assessmen o he ARCSS
P og am in e ms o :
• p og ess o da e in add essing hese
p io i ies,
• iden i ying gaps in esea ch needed o
pu sue impo an ques ions,
• de eloping oppo uni ies o in eg a e
esul s and ques ions ac oss ARCSS
esea ch componen s, and
• a icula ing no el ques ions a ising om
his analysis.
The AC is wo king wi h he ARCSS
science s ee ing commi ees o ga he
in o ma ion o begin his assessmen ,
including:
• he p incipal esea ch ques ions guiding
each o he cu en ARCSS componen s,
• a da abase o ARCSS- unded p ojec s, and
• an ou line o esul s o da e.
This in o ma ion will con ibu e o a
b oad unde s anding o he accomplish-
men s o and app op ia e u u e di ec ions
o he ARCSS P og am.
Mo e in o ma ion and p e egis a ion
o he 2002 All-Hands mee ing is a ail-
able on he ARCUS web si e (www.a cus.
o g/ARCSS/allhands2002/).
Fo mo e in o ma ion abou he ARCSS
P og am, see he ARCSS web si e (www.ns .
go /od/opp/a c ic/sys em.h m), o con ac
P og am Di ec o Mike Ledbe e in A ling-
on, VA (703/292-8030; ax 703/292-9082;
[email p o ec ed]) o AC Chai Jack K use
in Le e e , MA (413/367-2240; ax 413/
367-0092; [email p o ec ed]).
7
ARCSS P og am
RAISE Plan Focuses on Ship-Based Resea ch in Russia
The Russian-Ame ican Ini ia i e on
Shel -Land En i onmen s in he
A c ic (RAISE) has been de eloping a new
science plan wi h he goal o acili a ing
ship-based esea ch in he Russian A c ic.
Al hough land-based join esea ch
p ojec s unde he RAISE umb ella ha e
mo ed o wa d o e he pas ew yea s,
including s udies o :
• o ganic ma e ial and nu ien luxes
om Russian i e s,
• seasonal looding dynamics along i e s,
and
• econs uc ion o la e-Pleis ocene
glacial and sea-le el his o y on W angel
Island,
esea ch opics in he nea sho e wa e s o
he Russian con inen al shel ha e no
been adequa ely add essed. These scien i ic
issues ange om:
• he biogeochemical a e o o ganic ma e-
ials con ibu ed o he A c ic Ocean by
sho eline e osion and i e uno , o
• he social and biological impac s o
changes in sea-ice dis ibu ions.
Science planning o ship-based
esea ch in Russia mus add ess bo h:
• he logis ical and poli ical challenge o
p o iding cos ly ship suppo in emo e
a eas o g oups o esea che s, and
• go e nmen au ho i ies’ conce ns abou
scien i ic access wi hin he Russian
Exclusi e Economic Zone (see page 16).
I is hoped ha he RAISE e o will lead
o a join announcemen o oppo uni y
by bo h NSF and he Russian Founda ion
o Basic Resea ch, p omo ing join ship-
based esea ch on a a ie y o opics by
Russian and U.S. in es iga o s.
Cu en and pas esea ch p og ams
such as he success ul Russian-Ge man
coope a ion o he 1990s, as well as he
join U.S.-Russian Be ing and Chukchi
Seas Expedi ions (BERPAC) p og am ha
led o se e al join esea ch c uises in he
1970s, ’80s, and ’90s, a e being used as
success ul models o bila e al esea ch.
Membe s o he in e na ional esea ch
communi y wishing o con ibu e o he
de elopmen o he new science plan a e
in i ed o con ac Science S ee ing
Commi ee (SSC) Chai Lee Coope .
T ans e and de elopmen o an
imp o ed RAISE web si e (www. aise.ua .
edu) has been comple ed, including:
• links o cu en esea ch summa ies by
RAISE in es iga o s,
• links o o he a c ic esea ch si es,
• con ac in o ma ion o Russian and
U.S. membe s o he In e na ional
Science S ee ing Commi ee (ISSC), and
• in o ma ion on pas and planned
mee ings o he ISSC.
A Russian language e sion o he web
page is planned.
The nex mee ing o RAISE in es iga-
o s and he ISSC will be in Sal Lake
Ci y, U ah, on 14–17 No embe 2001
(see box page 6).
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac Lee
Coope in Knox ille, TN (865/974-2990;
ax 865/974-7896); [email p o ec ed]) o
RAISE P ojec O ice Di ec o Vladimi
Romano sky in Fai banks, AK (907/474-
7459; ax 907/474-7290; [email p o ec ed]).
LAII P epa es o All-Hands Mee ing, Upg ades Web Si e
The nex Land-A mosphe e-Ice
In e ac ions (LAII) All-Hands Mee -
ing will con ene 14–17 No embe 2001
in Sal Lake Ci y, U ah (see box page 6).
The goals o he mee ing a e o:
• de elop explici plans o syn hesis o
he pas decade o esea ch on land-
a mosphe e-ice in e ac ions;
• mee join ly wi h he o he majo
ARCSS p og ams o discuss ways in
which LAII esea ch migh be be e
in eg a ed in he u u e; and
• inalize a new science plan ha ou lines
he p io i ies o a c ic e es ial-
a mosphe ic esea ch o he nex
decade. The d a science plan will be
pos ed on he LAII web si e o commu-
ni y e iew in Sep embe 2001.
Pa icipan s will ocus on:
• planning and implemen a ion o LAII
esea ch syn hesis o In e na ional Tun-
d a Expe imen (ITEX), A c ic T ansi-
ions in he Land-A mosphe e Sys em
(ATLAS), and Russian-Ame ican Ini ia-
i e on Shel -Land En i onmen s in he
A c ic (RAISE) p ojec s;
• oppo uni ies o in eg a ion ac oss
LAII, OAII (see page 9), RAISE (see
below), and PARCS (see page 8) in bo h
syn hesis and u u e esea ch; and
• a discussion o he new LAII science
plan as he land-a mosphe e con ibu-
ion o u u e ARCSS esea ch.
Mo e in o ma ion on mee ing a ange-
men s and egis a ion can be ound on
he LAII web si e (www.laii.ua .edu/).
Imp o emen s o he LAII Web Si e
The LAII P og am Science Manage-
men O ice (SMO) a he Uni e si y o
Alaska Fai banks has eno a ed he LAII
web si e. The si e now includes:
• cu en ield epo s,
• di ec links o a chi ed LAII da a,
• links o indi idual p ojec s’ dedica ed
web si es, and
• online iewing o SMO publica ions.
Si e enhancemen s will ul ima ely p o ide
use s wi h comple e access o all LAII-
ela ed in o ma ion and loca ions o
a chi ed da a. Plans o addi ional
imp o emen s include:
• a communi y ou each sec ion,
• a speake s’ bu eau,
• a media guide, and
• employmen and esea ch/ unding
oppo uni ies.
Commen s om si e isi o s and LAII
esea che s will guide u he si e
imp o emen s.
Fo mo e in o ma ion abou he LAII
web si e (www.laii.ua .edu/), o con ac
Ch is ophe Shock in Fai banks, AK (907/
474-1534; ax 907/474-6251;
[email p o ec ed]). Fo mo e in o ma ion
abou he LAII p og am, con ac Pa icia
A. Ande son a he LAII SMO in
Fai banks, AK (907/474-5415; ax 907/
474-6722; [email p o ec ed]; ).
8
ARCSS P og am
PARCS De elops Two Upda ed Resea ch Goals
HARC Explo es Ways o S imula e Discussion
Because human ac i i ies in he A c ic depend closely upon he en i onmen ,
na u al o human-caused changes a e likely o ha e a - eaching social, cul u al,
and economic e ec s. To add ess hese issues, NSF/ARCSS launched he Human
Dimensions o he A c ic Sys em (HARC) ini ia i e in 1997 (see Wi ness Sp ing 1997,
Au umn 1998). In ligh o he speci ic disciplina y and cul u al challenges ha
esea che s ace in assembling esea ch eams and de eloping app op ia ely in eg a ed
app oaches, he ecen ly unded HARC Science Managemen O ice (SMO) is explo -
ing new ways o engaging he scien i ic communi y and o he s in c ea i e discussions.
Beginning in all 2001, a se ies o In e ne -based open wo kshops will p o ide
oppo uni ies o communica ion ac oss disciplina y, cul u al, and na ional bound-
a ies, b inging expe ise om many pe spec i es o bea on he c i ical esea ch ques-
ions ha HARC was de eloped o add ess. Wo kshop announcemen s will be
dissemina ed h ough A c icIn o (see www.a cus.o g) and he HARC web si e.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he HARC web si e (www.a cus.o g/ha c), o con ac
SMO Di ec o Hen y Hun ing on in Eagle Ri e , AK (907/696-3564; ax 907/696-
3565; [email p o ec ed]).
The Paleoen i onmen al A c ic Sci-
ences (PARCS) communi y held i s
p incipal in es iga o mee ing in Ma ch
2001 a he Uni e si y o Massachuse s,
in conjunc ion wi h he annual A c ic
Wo kshop. Two majo issues a ec ing a c-
ic paleo esea ch domina ed he agenda:
• a ecen shi in NSF unding
adminis a ion, and
• a need o e ise and enew he PARCS
science goals (see Wi ness Sp ing 2000)
wi h espec o he ARCSS P og am.
An impo an change in he p oposal-
applica ion and unding sys em o a c ic
paleosciences a NSF will ake place in FY
2002. The Ea h Sys em His o y (ESH)
p og am will no longe adminis e p opos-
als unded by A c ic Na u al Sciences
(ANS; see page 10) o ARCSS; ins ead,
hese p og ams will deal di ec ly wi h hei
espec i e p oposals.
Cu en S a us o PARCS
A c ic paleo esea ch is cu en ly ca -
ied ou in many o ms ha a e impo an
in he gene al con ex o a c ic science.
This b oad mission is clea ly se ou in he
1999 PARCS science and implemen a ion
plan, The A c ic Paleosciences in he Con ex
o Global Change Resea ch (see Wi ness
Sp ing/Au umn 1999); he PARCS Sci-
ence S ee ing Commi ee (SSC) in ends
ha PARCS will con inue o wo k owa d
hese goals, bo h in he U.S. esea ch
communi y and h ough in e na ional
o ganiza ions and collabo a ions. Upda es
on PARCS ac i i ies and u u e di ec ions
will be a ailable soon in an edi ion o he
PARCS newsle e PaleoTimes.
PARCS Resea ch Goals o ARCSS
PARCS also emains an essen ial
ARCSS componen . Much o he 2001
PARCS mee ing was de o ed o de elop-
ing a ocused se o esea ch goals o he
nex h ee o i e yea s, consis en bo h
wi h new di ec ions in he esea ch com-
muni y and, speci ically, wi h an icipa ed
p og ess in he ARCSS P og am o e he
nex i e o en yea s. As he ARCSS P o-
g am becomes mo e in eg a i e in i s sci-
ence and s uc u e, paleo esea ch ac i i ies
will be impo an o he de elopmen o a
cohe en pe spec i e. Wi h his in mind,
mee ing pa icipan s de ined wo majo
esea ch goals.
A key a ea o conce n is how much do
ecen obse a ions o clima e change in
he A c ic e lec na u al clima e cycles?
The i s PARCS goal is, he e o e, o
desc ibe he spa ial and empo al con ex
o 20 h-cen u y wa ming and cu en
obse a ions o clima ic change wi h e e -
ence o high- esolu ion eco ds o he pas
2,000 yea s and he Holocene ( he pas
10,000 yea s). Majo opics include:
• he medie al wa m pe iod (app oxi-
ma ely AD 1000–1400) and Li le Ice
Age (app oxima ely AD 1400–1850),
• high-ampli ude Holocene clima e
cycles, and
• he possible connec ion o he onse o
he neoglacial (a mid-Holocene cooling
pa icula ly e iden a high no he n
la i udes) wi h shi s in he equency
and ampli ude o such clima e cycles.
Mo e and mo e e idence sugges s ha
he A c ic is shi ing o condi ions ha a e
wa me han any wi hin li ing memo y.
The second PARCS goal is o desc ibe he
consequences o e y wa m a c ic clima es
o ma ine and e es ial sys ems. Ve y
wa m pas a c ic scena ios ha can se e
as analogues o u u e wa ming include:
• he ea ly Holocene, when he A c ic
expe ienced high summe insola ion
anomalies; and
• he las in e glacial (ma ine iso ope s age
5), which appea s as a e y s ong wa m-
ing in he paleo eco d app oxima ely
125,000 yea s ago.
Key opics o in es iga e in ela ion o
hese pe iods a e:
• eedbacks and nonlinea changes
(su p ises) as consequences o s ong
wa ming—pa icula ly he ole o sea
ice, ice shee s, and land-su ace co e ;
• he implica ions o s ong wa ming o
a c ic and global ca bon budge s.
These wo goals will con ibu e o
discussions a he Feb ua y 2002 ARCSS
All-Hands mee ing (see page 6) and, possi-
bly in modi ied o m, will be he key oci
o ARCSS- ela ed paleo esea ch.
A he end o 2001, Da ell Kau man
(No he n A izona Uni e si y) and Feng-
Sheng Hu (Uni e si y o Illinois) will
eplace B uce Finney and Julie B igham-
G e e on he PARCS SSC.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he PARCS
web si e (www.ngdc.noaa.go /paleo/
pa cs), o con ac PARCS Co-chai s Glen
MacDonald in Los Angeles, CA (310/825-
2568; ax 310/206-5976;
[email p o ec ed]) and Ma y
Edwa ds in T ondheim, No way (+47/
7359-1915; ax +47/7359-1878; ma y.
[email p o ec ed]); o Mike Re elle in
Lewis on, ME (207/786-6155; ax 207/
786-8334; [email p o ec ed]).
9
ARCSS P og am
Fo one yea beginning in Oc obe
1997, SHEBA conduc ed ield wo k
om a ship ozen in o he a c ic ice pack
(see Wi ness Au umn 1998). SHEBA is
now in i s hi d and inal phase, wi h 17
p ojec s ocused on using he 1997–98
da ase o s udy p ocesses and mechanisms
ha a ec clima e eedback in he a c ic
sys em. The goals o SHEBA a e:
• o imp o e simula ions o he A c ic in
global clima e models, and
• o imp o e ou capabili y o moni o
a c ic clima e using sa elli es and
au onomous emo e pla o ms.
SHEBA’s Phase III p incipal in es iga-
o s (PIs) me in Boulde , Colo ado, in
July 2001 o upda es on he Phase III
objec i es o modeling and in-dep h analy-
sis o p ocesses and eedback mechanisms.
SHEBA da a ha e been used o e alu-
a e he pe o mance o he global, coupled
Communi y Clima e Sys em Model
(CCSM), which p o ed o be simula ing
mo e win e cloud co e and inciden
su ace long-wa e i adiance han a e ac u-
ally obse ed. Ongoing SHEBA esea ch is
add essing he cloud and adia ion p ob-
lems bu has no ye esul ed in imple-
men ed imp o emen s in he CCSM. The
pola physics o he mos up- o-da e
e sion o he CCSM includes a mul i-
ca ego y ice- hickness-dis ibu ion model
wi h a su ace albedo pa ame e iza ion,
which acks he SHEBA obse a ions
ai ly well. This new model is o be
eleased in app oxima ely Janua y 2002.
SHEBA da a a e also being used o
simula e and diagnose he ene gy and mass
budge o he ocean-a mosphe e-ice
column a he SHEBA expe imen al si e.
The ini ial a c ic single-column model
(SCM) p o ides a c edible s a ing poin
o model imp o emen , cap u ing much
o he a iabili y in su ace empe a u e,
hea budge componen s, ice hickness,
and uppe ocean empe a u e on ime
scales anging om a ew days o a season.
The mos no able weakness is ha , like he
global CCSM, he SCM o e simula es
cloud co e du ing win e and ea ly sp ing.
The A c ic Regional Clima e Model
In e compa ison P ojec (ARCMIP; see
Wi ness Win e 2000/2001) is concen a -
ing i s ini ial e o s on simula ing
SHEBA. ARCMIP esul s will be applied,
in u n, o he SHEBA SCM.
The Join O ice o Science Suppo
(JOSS; see page 15) a he Uni e si y
Co po a ion o A mosphe ic Resea ch
p o ides da a managemen suppo o
SHEBA. Du ing he inal wo yea s o
Phase III, JOSS expec s o p ocess an es i-
ma ed 50–100 new, ex ended, o e ised
SHEBA da ase s, o aling app oxima ely
100 Gby es. Highes -p io i y in eg a ed
da a se s a e g idded ields (e.g., su ace
empe a u e), a SHEBA column da ase
o he en i e SHEBA yea , and da ase s
o speci ic case s udy pe iods (see nex
column). Resul s o he 2001 SHEBA da a
ques ionnai e conduc ed by JOSS a e
a ailable a www.joss.uca .edu/sheba/
phase3/web esponse/.
The ARCSS Da a Coo dina ion
Cen e (see Wi ness Win e 2000/2001)
has pos ed sa elli e econnaissance image y
o he SHEBA expe imen al egion (5 km2
and 20 megaby es each) on he web a
h p://a css.colo ado.edu/P ojec s/Sheba
Recon/me ada a1.h ml.
B eakou g oups a he wo kshop dis-
cussed single-column modeling, ice-albedo
eedback and sola ene gy, a mosphe e and
ocean bounda y-laye modeling, global
and egional models, adia i e ans e
modeling, and model e alua ion and eed-
back analysis. These discussions gene a ed:
• a mo e de ailed de ini ion o he
SHEBA-column in eg a ed da ase , and
iden i ica ion o he indi iduals who will
o e see comple ion o he elemen s
wi hin each o 12 ca ego ies— op-o -
he-a mosphe e adia ion, a mosphe ic
s uc u e, a mosphe ic bounda y laye ,
su ace lux o cing, a mosphe ic ad ec-
ion, cloud p ope ies, su ace op ical
p ope ies, s a e o he sea-ice and snow
co e , ice de o ma ion, ocean s uc u e,
ocean u bulence and bounda y laye ,
and miscellaneous; and
• upda ed and mo e de ailed de ini ion o
SHEBA’s six case s udy pe iods in 1998
(14–20 Janua y; 25–29 Ap il; 20–24
May; 20–24 July; 10–20 June; and
28 July–2 Augus ) as well as associa ed
da ase s, model expe imen s, and case
s udy leade s. These pe iods a e o be
analyzed in de ail by all Phase III PIs.
The Phase III PIs aim o comple e he
ex ended, upda ed, in eg a ed column da a
se in app oxima ely six mon hs and o
mee again wi hin a yea o de elop i s
d a s o collabo a i e, p ojec -wide pape s.
Reno a ions o he SHEBA web si e
include a es uc u ing in o wo sec ions—
one o he gene al public and one o
SHEBA Phase III scien is s.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he SHEBA
web si e (h p://sheba.apl.washing on.
edu), o con ac Dick Mo i z in Sea le,
WA (206/543-8023; ax 206/543-3521;
[email p o ec ed]).
OAII Conside s New Ini ia i es
The Ocean-A mosphe e-Ice In e ac ions (OAII) componen o he ARCSS
P og am has made p og ess on se e al on s in he i s hal o 2001, including
publishing a new science plan, p epa ing o he OAII All-Hands Mee ing in No em-
be 2001 (see box on page 6), conside ing new esea ch ini ia i es dealing wi h
nea sho e and a mosphe ic p ocesses ha will be discussed a he OAII All-Hands
mee ing, and adding an ou each page o he OAII web si e. Phase III o he Su ace
Hea Budge o he A c ic (SHEBA) p og am con inues o use da a om he 1997–
98 ield wo k o s udy clima e eedbacks and p ocesses (see a icle his page), while
Shel -Basin In e ac ions (SBI) esea che s ha e submi ed p oposals o Phase II ield
wo k (see page 10).
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he OAII web si e (h p://a css-oaii.hpl.umces.edu),
o con ac Lou Codispo i o Jane Hawkey a he Uni e si y o Ma yland Cen e o
En i onmen al Science’s Ho n Poin Labo a o y in Camb idge, MD (410/221-8479;
ax 410/221-8490; [email p o ec ed], [email p o ec ed]).
SHEBA Da a Helping o E alua e Pe o mance o Models
16
A c ic Resea ch Suppo and Logis ics
Russian Logis ics a e Challenging, No Insu moun able
VECO Comple es Second A c ic Field Season
The NSF A c ic Resea ch Logis ics Suppo Se ices (ARLSS) con ac o , VECO
Pola Resou ces (VPR; see Wi ness Win e 2000/2001) has comple ed i s second
a c ic ield season, collabo a ing wi h esea che s, o he logis ics p o ide s, and local
o ganiza ions o p o ide high-quali y logis ics suppo o NSF in es iga o s.
In i s second yea , VPR has suppo ed mo e han 70 esea ch p ojec s in
G eenland, Alaska, Canada, Russia, nea he No h Pole, and se e al essel-based
esea ch c uises. Accomplishmen s in 2001 include:
• doubling he ARLSS sa elli e elephone in en o y and upg ading o newe ,
mo e obus models o INMARSAT mini-M and I idium;
• o ganizing wilde ness i s aid and sa e y aining o 25 a c ic esea che s;
• p o iding speci ically ailo ed i s aid ki s and a emo e medical ca e se ice
(Medical Ad iso y Sys ems; see a icle his page) o 10 ield p ojec s;
• comple ing he 2000–01 Summi , G eenland, win e campaign and planning
o 2001–02;
• ins alling a new gene a o sys em and addi ional sleeping qua e s a Summi Camp;
• coo dina ing mo e han 600 hou s o ai c a suppo o esea che s wo king
in emo e loca ions o Alaska;
• suppo ing a 12-pe son esea ch eam a Che skii in Sibe ia (see a icle his page); and
• p o iding logis ics cos s es ima es o almos a dozen esea ch p oposals.
Plans o 2002 include u he enhancemen s o ield communica ions capabili-
ies, addi ional Russia-based p ojec s, o e ing ield aining cou ses a se e al U.S.
uni e si ies du ing he o -season, and con inued enhancemen s o VPR’s web si e.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he VPR web si e (www. ecopola .com), o con ac
P ojec Manage Jill Fe is in Englewood, CO (720/344-5619; ax 720/344-6514;
[email p o ec ed]).
The Russian A c ic emains a logis ical
challenge o Ame ican in es iga o s.
Al hough access o colleagues, acili ies,
and in o ma ion is now less hampe ed by
secu i y conce ns han be o e, economic
and poli ical di icul ies can make logis ics,
pe mi ing, and anspo a ion in he as
Russian A c ic p oblema ic.
Ad ice om Resea che s
Wes e n in es iga o s who ha e
wo ked ecen ly in he Russian A c ic o e
he ollowing gene al ad ice.
Collabo a ing wi h Russian in es iga-
o s, a he han ins i u ions, is he mos
di ec way o access app op ia e logis ic
sys ems, sampling pla o ms, and ield s a-
ions. I is i al o begin planning wi h Rus-
sian colleagues a leas a yea in ad ance
o emo e ield wo k. Al hough o eigne s
may now es ablish bank accoun s in Russia
and ans e unds o emo e a eas, i
emains di icul o a ange pe mi s and
anspo a ion and o nego ia e cus oms
bo h en e ing and lea ing he coun y o
pe sonnel, scien i ic equipmen , and
chemicals. A angemen s o communica-
ions equipmen and GPS uni s a e bes
handled en i ely by Russian collabo a o s.
Many scien i ic ield s a ions ha e
closed, and hose ha emain a e no well
suppo ed. The biological ield s a ions
associa ed wi h na u e ese es (zapo edniki),
al hough ai ly common, a e no much
mo e han shel e s.
T anspo a ion beyond majo ci ies is a
challenge. Many high-a c ic owns wi h
ail and ai se ice du ing he So ie pe iod
a e now closed o nea ly so. Use o small
ixed-wing ai c a is inad isable because
unways a e no main ained in many a eas.
Helicop e s, he emaining op ion o
a eas no accessible by boa , a e expensi e
and inc easingly un eliable. Ship-based
in es iga o s ace addi ional ba ie s o
accessing esea ch si es (see page 7).
Less igo ous sa e y s anda ds o e e y-
hing om sidewalks o a ailabili y o li e
jacke s inc ease he likelihood o acciden s.
Medical Ad iso y Sys ems, Inc. (MAS)
and a ew o he o ganiza ions can p o ide
medical ad ice and e acua ions i needed.
O ice o Pola P og ams E o s
The A c ic Sec ion o he NSF O ice
o Pola P og ams (OPP) has aken se e al
s eps o aid U.S. in es iga o s wo king in
he Russian A c ic. OPP has asked VECO
Pola Resou ces (VPR; see box) o p o ide
suppo o speci ic p ojec s in Russia.
The Ba ow A c ic Science Conso -
ium (BASC), h ough i s coope a i e
ag eemen wi h OPP, has de eloped he
Chuko ka Science Suppo G oup (CSSG)
o p o ide pe mi ing, cus oms, and logis-
ical suppo in Chuko ka. S a ed by
membe s o wo Na i e g oups— he
Yup’ik Eskimo Socie y and he Naukan
P oduc ion Coope a i e (Chukchi)—
CSSG is suppo ing se e al U.S.- unded
p ojec s in Chuko ka and de eloping
logis ical in as uc u e in La en iya and
P o ideniya. A he in i a ion o Go e no
Roman Ab amo ich o he Chuko ka
Au onomous Ok ug, BASC and CSSG a e
de eloping backg ound da a o help selec
si es o en i onmen al obse a o ies and
may o ganize a U.S. Coas Gua d iceb eake
scien i ic c uise o Chuko ka o 2002.
In pa ne ship wi h he NSF Geo-
sciences Di ec o a e and In e na ional
O ice and he U.S. Ci ilian Resea ch and
De elopmen Founda ion (CRDF), OPP
es ablished a science liaison o ice in
Moscow in 1999. The CRDF can assis
esea che s wi h inancial and pe mi ing
a angemen s in Russia.
In o ma ion abou Russia is becoming
mo e a ailable on he In e ne , and he
OPP-suppo ed A c ic Logis ics In o ma-
ion and Suppo (ALIAS) web si e will
p o ide a po al o he mos use ul si es on
logis ics issues in Russia.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see hese web
si es: VPR (www. ecopola .com), BASC
(www.a c icscience.o g), CRDF (www.c d .
o g), ALIAS (www.a cus.o g/alias), MAS
(www.mas1.com), o con ac A c ic
Resea ch Suppo and Logis ics P og am
Manage Simon S ephenson in A ling on,
VA (703/292-7435; ax 703/292-9082;
[email p o ec ed]).

17
A c ic Resea ch Suppo and Logis ics
Wi h
Healy
Unde way, AICC Tu ns o Science Facili a ion
Wi h he U.S. Coas Gua d Cu e
Healy sa ely h ough science ials
and wo king in he eas e n A c ic on he
i s unded science c uises, he A c ic Ice-
b eake Coo dina ing Commi ee (AICC)
is now u ning i s ull a en ion o science
acili a ion o he h ee U.S. Coas Gua d
iceb eake s (Healy, Pola Sea, and Pola
S a ). On behal o he Uni e si y-
Na ional Oceanog aphic Labo a o y Sys-
em (UNOLS), he AICC is de eloping a
pos -c uise assessmen p ocedu e o all
unded c uises and con inues o wo k wi h
he Coas Gua d and NSF on:
• long- ange planning,
• es ablishing p ocedu es o ongoing da a
collec ion, and
• p io i izing science equipmen needs o
he iceb eake s.
The Coas Gua d is wo king o s anda d-
ize equipmen (e.g., salinome e s,
debubble s, CTDs) ac oss all h ee essels.
The Healy’s maiden science mission is
a join oyage wi h he Ge man esea ch
essel, Pola s e n, o he Gakkel Ridge.
F om July o Oc obe 2001, in es iga o s
om i e na ions a e ollowing up on he
new e idence, ob ained by he 1999
SCICEX c uise, o olcanism a he ul a-
slow sp eading idge (see page 1). The
mission includes pe ological, geophysical,
hyd o he mal, and biological s udies o he
idge sys em. Sponso ed by he NSF
Teache s Expe iencing An a c ica and he
A c ic P og am (see Wi ness Win e 2000/
2001), a se en h-g ade science eache is
also pa icipa ing in he c uise (see h p://
ea. ice.edu/ ea_adams on page.h ml).
Fo mo e in o ma ion on he Healy’s c uise
o he Gakkel Ridge, see www.ea hscape.
o g/ 1/hea01/hea01.h ml.
O he a c ic science missions o 2001
ha e included:
•a Pola S a c uise o he S . Law ence
Island polynya in Ma ch,
• a second Healy c uise in he eas e n
A c ic Ocean, and
• bo h unded and oppo unis ic science
o he Be ing and Chukchi seas on
boa d he Pola Sea in July and Augus .
Final de ails a e being wo ked ou o a
busy yea in 2002 as well. NSF p oposals
o use any o he iceb eake s in 2003 a e
due by 15 Feb ua y 2002. C i ical in o -
ma ion o iceb eake c uise planning in
gene al and he Healy in pa icula can be
ound on he Coas Gua d web si e
(www.uscg.mil/paca ea/iceops/cpmanual/
cpmanual.h m).
The AICC acknowledges he con ibu-
ions o he membe s who a e cycling o
he commi ee—Joe Cobu n (Woods
Hole Oceanog aphic Ins i u ion), Glenn
Co a (Old Dominion Uni e si y), and
Dan Lubin (Sc ipps Uni e si y). The h ee
new membe s—Bob Bou ke (Na al Pos -
g adua e School), Ma go Edwa ds (Uni-
e si y o Hawaii), and Pe e Minne
(Rosens iel School o Ma ine and A mo-
sphe ic Science, Uni e si y o Miami)—
came on boa d in Sep embe 2001 o he
AICC mee ing in Washing on, DC.
Fo mo e in o ma ion on he AICC,
see he UNOLS web si e (www.unols.o g),
o con ac AICC Chai Lisa Clough in
G een ille, NC (252/328-1834; ax 252/
328-4178; [email p o ec ed]) o he
UNOLS o ice ([email p o ec ed]).
In Sep embe 2000, he Ship Acquisi ion
and Upg ade P og am o he NSF Di i-
sion o Ocean Sciences p o ided unding
o he Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
(UAF) o a concep design s udy o an
Alaskan Region Resea ch Vessel (ARRV).
The essel will eplace he 35-yea -old
RV Alpha Helix o yea - ound esea ch
in he No h Paci ic Ocean and sub-a c ic
wa e s, as well as se ing seasonally in
he A c ic (see Wi ness Sp ing 2000).
The jus -comple ed concep design will
ha e applica ions o bo h he ARRV and
o he de elopmen o u u e in e media e
essels in he Uni e si y-Na ional Oceano-
g aphic Labo a o y Sys em (UNOLS)
lee . The UNOLS Flee Imp o emen
Commi ee de eloped he science mission
equi emen s and is o e seeing de elop-
men o he ARRV; a join commi ee o
in es iga o s om UAF and he Woods
Hole Oceanog aphic Ins i u ion collabo-
a ed on he design s udy, which includes:
• a echnical desc ip ion o he ship
(e.g., expec ed speed, powe , s abili y,
seakeeping, ange, endu ance), and
• a desc ip ion o he gene al a ange-
men s, (e.g., inboa d and ou boa d
p o iles, machine y and science
a angemen s).
The ARRV is expec ed o be used o
a a ie y o science missions, wi h an
emphasis on gene al oceanog aphic and
ishe ies in es iga ions in high-la i ude
open seas, nea sho e egions, and seasonal
sea ice. As pa o i s s eng hening o use
in seasonal sea ice, he essel will ha e:
• a wo- oo eame on each side o he
hull o educe hull p essu e and allow
e icien u ning in ice, and
• an ice wedge benea h he keel o push
ice shee s aside.
O he speci ica ions include:
• leng h o 226 . (69 m),
• endu ance o 45 days,
• science be hs o 24,
• a 1,024 sq. . main lab,
• a 500 sq. . we lab,
• a 220 sq. . analy ical lab,
• a 240 sq. . elec onics shop, and
• a 309 sq. . elec onics/compu e lab.
All he labs will be on he main deck.
Adap able labo a o y and deck space will
accommoda e di e se capabili ies such as
o e - he-side ishe ies sampling and
acous ic p ocedu es.
Glos en Associa es o Sea le de eloped
he comple ed concep design, and A no
Keinonen o AKAC, Inc., consul ed on
he hull ea u es ela ed o sea ice. The
design commi ee, chai ed by Ve a
Alexande (UAF), is seeking addi ional
unding om NSF o de elop a mo e
de ailed p elimina y design o he ARRV.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac Ve a
Alexande , Robe Elsne , o Te y
Whi ledge in Fai banks (907/474-6824;
ax 907/474-7386; [email p o ec ed];
[email p o ec ed]; [email p o ec ed]).
UNOLS De elops Design o an A c ic Mid-Sized Vessel
18
A c ic Resea ch Suppo and Logis ics
Wo king G oup Ou lines New Edi ion o Logis ics Repo
The A c ic Resea ch Suppo and
Logis ics Wo king G oup (RSLWG)
is suppo ed by NSF o ep esen he
esea ch communi y in p o iding long-
e m expe ise and ad ice on a c ic
logis ics and science suppo issues
(see Wi ness Win e 2000/2001).
The Wo king G oup o ganized a
session on A c ic Resea ch Suppo and
Logis ics (RSL) du ing he ARCUS 13 h
annual mee ing in May 2001.
P esen a ions included:
• an upda e om NSF A c ic Resea ch
Suppo and Logis ics P og am Manage
Simon S ephenson;
• discussion o RSLWG ac i i ies and
communi y pe spec i es on a c ic logis ics;
• a epo on 2000 and 2001 ield suppo
ac i i ies by Jill Fe is, VECO Pola
Resou ces p ojec manage (see page
16); and
• an upda e on he esul s o he Ap il
2001 wo kshop on in as uc u e suppo
o a c ic science in he Ba ow egion.
Membe s o he RSLWG a e d a ing
an upda e o Logis ics Recommenda ions o
an Imp o ed U.S. A c ic Resea ch Capabil-
i y (ARCUS 1997), using communi y
inpu ga he ed a he May 2001 session
and om p e ious communi y su eys and
own mee ings. The upda e will:
• de elop ecommenda ions o u u e
a c ic logis ics in es men s, in ligh o
eme ging science p io i ies, and
• iden i y new science oppo uni ies made
possible by imp o ed esea ch suppo
and logis ics capabili ies.
The epo , while no in ended o be a
comp ehensi e e iew o a c ic esea ch
issues, will ou line he scien i ic p io i ies
d i ing he upda ed assessmen . This
assessmen will include discussion and
ecommenda ions o speci ic esea ch-
suppo in es men s needed o
in es iga ions o :
• a iabili y in he physical en i onmen ,
• biogeochemical cycling and
con aminan s,
• e ec s o change on biological esou ces,
• dynamics o human sys ems,
• uppe a mosphe e and space wea he
s udies,
• solid ea h issues, and
• li e in ex eme en i onmen s.
The epo also will discuss needed
imp o emen s in se e al gene al esea ch-
suppo a eas iden i ied by he science
communi y, including:
• ield sa e y,
• long- e m obse ing sys ems,
• access o modeling capaci y and esul s
o de elop a p edic i e capabili y,
• echnology in es men s,
• syn hesizing local and esea ch-based
knowledge,
• in e agency coope a ion, and
• in e na ional collabo a ion and access
o key loca ions.
The i s d a o he nex edi ion o
Logis ics Recommenda ions o an Imp o ed
U.S. A c ic Resea ch Capabili y will be
a ailable o communi y e iew in
sp ing 2002.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he ARCUS
web si e (www.a cus.o g/ slwg/), o con-
ac RSLWG co-chai s Pe e Schlosse in
Palisades, NY (845/365-8707; ax 845/
365-8155; [email p o ec ed]) and
Te y Tucke in Hano e , NH (603/646-
4268; ax 603/646-4644; w ucke @
c el.usace.a my.mil).
The Fu u e o SCICEX
The USS Hawkbill, he las S u geon-class nuclea subma ine ope a ed by he
U.S. Na y, was inac i a ed a Pea l Ha bo in 1999, ending he i s phase o
he Science Ice Exe cises (SCICEX) p og am. Fi e essels om his class suppo ed
SCICEX c uises om 1995 o 1999 (see page 1). The scien i ic communi y
emains hope ul ha oppo uni ies will eme ge o u u e subma ine-based esea ch
in he A c ic. The U.S. A c ic Resea ch Commission (USARC; see acing page),
which os e ed he de elopmen o he SCICEX p og am, is acking six possibili-
ies, mos on a ela i ely dis an ime scale.
The USARC, NSF, he O ice o Na al Resea ch, and he ope a ional Na y
ha e concluded a Memo andum o Unde s anding o con inue SCICEX ope a ions
on a “C uises o Oppo uni y” basis. This will allow sho da a-collec ion oppo u-
ni ies bu wi hou science ide s o special ins umen ins alla ion. In summe
2001, bo h he USS Sc an on (Los Angeles class) and USS Connec icu (Seawol
class) we e deployed o he A c ic, p o ing he capabili y o hese subma ine classes.
The Sc an on su aced a he No h Pole in June 2001 and ob ained
empe a u e and salini y da a.
New, high-endu ance, su ey au onomous unde wa e ehicles (AUVs), unde
de elopmen a he Mon e ey Bay Aqua ium Resea ch Ins i u e and he Na y’s
Unde wa e Wa a e Cen e , appea p omising o use in he A c ic. Wi h signi i-
can de elopmen e o s, hese AUVs may be capable o con inuing he egional
mapping o ice, wa e , and bo om p ope ies begun wi h he SCICEX c uises.
The USARC is con inuing discussions wi h o he na ies wi h nuclea
subma ines, including:
• he Royal Na y, abou he possibili y o moun ing Sea loo Cha ac e iza ion and
Mapping Pods (SCAMP; see page 1) on a Royal Na y subma ine, and
• he Russian go e nmen , abou he use o a Vic o -class subma ine o a c ic
esea ch.
A leas wo na ions—Sweden and Ge many—a e manu ac u ing con en ional
subma ines wi h ai -independen powe sys ems, which may be capable o
ex ended unde -ice ope a ions.
The Japanese Nuclea Powe Ins i u e has p oduced a concep pape o a small
nuclea subma ine wi h ull science capabili ies, dedica ed o esea ch.
The U.S. Na y is conside ing he cons uc ion o a new nuclea esea ch sub-
ma ine, a successo o he small NR-1, which would ha e a c ic capabili y.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac USARC Di ec o Ga y B ass (see acing page).
19
Pola Resea ch Boa d
U.S. A c ic Resea ch Commission
Th oughou he sp ing and summe o
2001, he U.S. A c ic Resea ch Com-
mission (USARC) has ad oca ed in he
U.S. A c ic, in Washing on, DC, and
ab oad o a c ic esea ch ac i i ies.
USARC Chai man Geo ge New on
and Execu i e Di ec o Ga y B ass
a ended he ARCUS Annual Mee ing in
May 2001, whe e B ass pa icipa ed in a
panel on a c ic esea ch ad ocacy on
Capi ol Hill (see page 28). New on and
B ass also discussed se e al opics wi h
pe sonnel in he O ice o Na al Reac o s,
including he possibili y o a new nuclea
esea ch subma ine wi h a c ic capabili ies o
eplace NR1, a small Na y nuclea subma-
ine cu en ly in se ice (see acing page).
New on and B ass also es i ied a a
Sena e App op ia ions Commi ee hea ing
in Fai banks, Alaska, on clima e change in
he A c ic in May (see page 21).
The Commission con ened a he A c-
ic Na ional Wildli e Re uge in ea ly June.
In A c ic Village and Nuiqsu , Commis-
sione s me wi h esiden s who oiced
conce ns abou ene gy esou ces, wa e
and was e wa e , dis ance educa ion,
elemedicine, and housing.
The Commission me in mid-June a
U.S. Fish and Wildli e Se ice headqua -
e s in A ling on, Vi ginia, o b ie ings on
NOAA, NSF, and FWS agency ac i i ies.
Commissione s hono ed Da id Ga man
o his suppo o he a c ic esea ch
communi y while on Sena o F ank
Mu kowski’s (R-AK) s a ; Ga man is now
he Assis an Sec e a y o Ene gy o
Ene gy E iciency and Renewable Ene gy.
The USARC a eled o S alba d,
No way, in la e June o a wo-day mee -
ing which included a isi o Ny-
Ålesund— he esea ch cen e on S alba d
(see Wi ness Win e 2000/2001)—and he
B i ish and Ge man esea ch s a ions.
Ha ing obse ed No wegian conduc o
a c ic esea ch suppo , he Commission
will ecommend o NSF ha he Uni ed
S a es es ablish a s a ion he e.
Also in June, B ass ep esen ed he
USARC a he inaugu al mee ing o he
No h Paci ic Resea ch Boa d (NPRB),
c ea ed o o e see he dis ibu ion o $10
million pe yea in ede al unds o ishe -
ies and ecosys em esea ch in he No h
Paci ic, Be ing Sea, and A c ic Ocean. Fo
mo e in o ma ion abou he NPRB, see
www.s os.ua .edu/npm /dsands.h ml.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he USARC
web si e (www.uaa.alaska.edu/en i/a c_
web/a chome.h m), o con ac USARC
Di ec o Ga y B ass in A ling on, VA
(800/AURORAB o 703/525-0111; ax
703/525-0114; [email p o ec ed]).
Cong ess asked he Na ional Academy
o Sciences (NAS) o con ibu e o
i s deba e abou oil de elopmen on
Alaska’s No h Slope. In esponse, he
Pola Resea ch Boa d (PRB) and he
Boa d on En i onmen al S udies and
Toxicology ha e appoin ed a s udy com-
mi ee o “ e iew in o ma ion abou oil
and gas ac i i ies (including explo a ion,
de elopmen , and p oduc ion) on Alaska’s
No h Slope.” The commi ee has been
asked o assess he known and p obable
cumula i e impac s on he physical, bio-
logical, and human en i onmen s o
Alaska’s No h Slope (including he adja-
cen ma ine en i onmen ) o oil and gas
ac i i ies he e om he ea ly 1900s o he
p esen . I will also look a po en ial
u u e cumula i e e ec s and di e en sce-
na ios o oil de elopmen in combina ion
wi h o he human ac i i ies such as ou -
ism, ishing, and mining.
The 18-membe commi ee has ga h-
e ed in o ma ion in Ancho age, A c ic
Village (including an o e ligh o he
A c ic Na ional Wildli e Re uge), Ba ow,
Deadho se and su ounding oil acili ies,
Fai banks, Nuiqsu , and Kak o ik. The
commi ee has held public sessions in each
communi y o gain insigh s in o impac s,
as well as b ie ings om academic and oil
indus y scien is s, enginee s, and ci izens.
The commi ee is chai ed by NAS membe
Go don O ians (Uni e si y o Washing-
on); i s inal epo is expec ed in July
2002. Fo mo e in o ma ion, see “Cu en
P ojec s” a h p://na ional-academies.o g.
The PRB’s Commi ee on Ab up Cli-
ma e Change has comple ed a d a epo
and submi ed i o ou side e iew. The
inal epo is expec ed in all 2001. The
Commi ee on he Gul o Alaska Ecosys-
em Moni o ing P og am con inues o
assis he Exxon Valdez Oil Spill T us ee
Council as i de elops a long- e m plan o
esea ch and moni o ing in he P ince
William Sound a ea. Finally, a new
commi ee o assis he Oil Spill Reco e y
Ins i u e by e iewing i s esea ch p og am
is expec ed o ge unde way in all 2001.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac PRB
Di ec o Ch is El ing in Washing on,
DC (202/334-3479; ax 202/334-1477;
[email p o ec ed]).
PRB Membe s
Sp ing 2001
Donal Manahan, Chai , Uni e si y o
Sou he n Cali o nia, Los Angeles •
Richa d Alley, Pennsyl ania S a e Uni-
e si y, Uni e si y Pa k • Robin Bell,
Lamon -Dohe y Ea h Obse a o y,
Palisades, NY • Akhil Da a-Gup a,
Texas A&M Uni e si y, College S a ion
• Hen y Hun ing on, Eagle Ri e , AK •
Amanda Lynch, Uni e si y o Colo ado,
Boulde • Robie Macdonald, Fishe ies
and Oceans Canada, B i ish Columbia •
Miles McPhee, Naches, WA • P. Bu o d
P ice, J ., Uni e si y o Cali o nia, Be ke-
ley • Ca ole Sey i , Old Dominion Uni-
e si y, No olk, VA • Ma ilyn Walke ,
Uni e si y o Alaska, Fai banks
USARC Rep esen s Resea ch om Alaska o S alba d
Commi ee o Assess Oil and Gas Impac s in Alaska
20
Capi ol Upda es
In esponse o a eques by he p esi-
den ’s O ice o Managemen and
Budge (OMB), NSF has begun a majo
su ey o p incipal in es iga o and ins i-
u ional iews on g an size and du a ion.
The su eys, he i s o hei kind o he
agency, a e being conduc ed in he all o
2001. Acco ding o Thomas Cooley, NSF
Chie Financial O ice and Di ec o o
he O ice o Budge , Finance, and Awa d
Managemen , he su ey was p omp ed by
wo d om OMB ha budge inc eases o
NSF would ollow only demons a ed
need, and ha OMB was looking closely
a g an size and du a ion as a enues o
possible inc eases.
NSF Di ec o Ri a Colwell poin ed ou
in he annual Communi y Budge B ie ing
in Ap il 2001 ha he a e age annual size
o an NSF g an is app oxima ely
$100,000, and a e age du a ion is less
han h ee yea s. “This pu s ou in es iga-
o s a a disad an age,” she said. “I o ces
hem o immedia ely begin applying o a
new g an as soon as hey’ e go en he
i s one— ime hey could be spending
doing hei esea ch.”
A he ARCUS 13 h annual mee ing in
May 2001, Cooley ou lined he plan o
he agency-wide su ey e o :
• all esea che s who ecei ed NSF g an s
in 2000 will be sen a su ey; and
• all ins i u ions wi h esea che s on ac i e
g an s will be sen an ins i u ion su ey.
The su ey will ask in es iga o s a ange
o ques ions, including:
• he his o y o hei g an s,
• ime aken o apply and adminis e he
g an s, and
• wha needs hey ha e o hei esea ch.
Answe s o hese ques ions, along wi h
in o ma ion ga he ed om ins i u ions,
will be used by NSF adminis a o s o help
de elop hei FY 2003 budge , which will
be deli e ed o OMB some ime in he all
o 2001. Su ey esul s will be
a ailable o he public in ea ly 2002.
Ka l E b, di ec o o he NSF O ice
o Pola P og ams, ei e a ed he impo -
ance o his su ey a he 2001 ARCUS
annual mee ing. “I encou age all who
ecei e he su ey o comple e i ,” he said.
“The esul s o his su ey will help us
unde s and how and whe he la ge ,
longe g an s would bene i ou g an ees,
including hose who conduc emo e ield
esea ch in he A c ic. I he esul s a o
inc eases in g an size o du a ion, hey
will help us make he cases o inc eased
unding in ou budge eques s.”
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac Thomas
Cooley in A ling on, VA (703/292-8200;
ax 703/292-9007; [email p o ec ed]).
Be o e he mon h-long Augus 2001
ecess, bo h he U.S. House and
Sena e app op ia ions commi ees passed
hei espec i e e sions o he VA-HUD
bill, which unds independen ede al
agencies, including NSF.
The wo e sions o he bill ha e a
wide dispa i y in hei o e all unding le -
els ha will ha e o be se led. The Sena e
e sion o he VA-HUD bill p o ides sig-
ni ican ly less money o NSF in FY 2002
han does he House bill (Sena e: $4.67
billion, up 5.6% om FY 2001; House:
$4.84 billion, up 9.4%). P esiden Bush’s
FY 2002 budge eques o NSF p oposed
an inc ease o 1.3% (see Wi ness Win e
2000/2001). Fo mo e in o ma ion abou
ei he bill, see House Repo 107-159 and
Sena e Repo 107-43.
Al hough Sena o s Ki Bond (R–MO)
and Ba ba a Mikulski (D–MD), co-chai s
o he VA-HUD subcommi ee, ad oca e
a doubling o he NSF budge o e i e
yea s, he p oposed unding would p o ide
app oxima ely one hi d o he amoun
equi ed o mo e o wa d wi h his s a -
egy. Bond and Mikulski ci ed he alloca-
ion om he Sena e budge commi ee as
Sena e P oposes 5.6% Inc ease in NSF Budge
he eason o hei smalle - han-expec ed
o e ing o NSF.
Following he 11 Sep embe a acks, he
Whi e House and membe s o Cong ess
ag eed o new unding le els o accele a e
comple ion o he FY 2002 app op ia ions
bills. P esiden Bush has acknowledged o
Cong ess he need o $25 billion mo e in
disc e iona y spending han he le els in
he FY 2002 budge esolu ion.
A p ess ime, app op ia ions s a a e
esol ing di e ences in he House and
Sena e e sions o al eady passed bills, and
bo h he House and Sena e ha e named
membe s o he VA-HUD con e ence
commi ee.
Speci ic Funding A eas
Fo Resea ch and Rela ed Ac i i ies
(RRA), he Sena e bill p o ides an inc ease
o 4.9% om FY 2001, o $3.515 billion.
The House bill p o ides an 8.7% inc ease
o $3.642 billion. Wi hin RRA, House
app op ia ions commi ee epo language
speci ies unding o he O ice o Pola
P og ams (OPP) o $299 million, 9.4%
o e he amoun in he p esiden ’s budge .
The Sena e bill adi ionally does no
s ipula e an amoun o OPP o any o he
di ec o a e. The Sena e Repo does, how-
e e , speci ically designa e wo i ems o be
adminis e ed by OPP:
• con inued unding o he In e na ional
A c ic Resea ch Cen e (IARC; see page
24), unde a ecen h ee-yea $15 mil-
lion coope a i e ag eemen wi h NSF,
ci ing he impo ance o clima e change
esea ch (see acing page); and
• consul a ion wi h NOAA o de e mine
he easibili y o es ablishing an A c ic
Resea ch Cen e in Ba ow, Alaska.
Wi hin Educa ion and Human
Resou ces, he Sena e bill inc eases he
Expe imen al P og am o S imula e Com-
pe i i e Resea ch (EPSCoR) budge by $10
million o $85 million; an addi ional $25
million in co- unding h ough he RRA
accoun b ings he o al EPSCoR budge
o $110 million. The House bill p oposes
a le el EPSCoR budge .
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he ollow-
ing web si es: he Lib a y o Cong ess
(h p:// homas.loc.go ), Ame ican Ins i-
u e o Physics (www.aip.o g), U.S. Sena e
(www.sena e.go ), U.S. House o Rep e-
sen a i es (www.house.go ).
NSF will Su ey G an Recipien s on Funding Needs
21
Capi ol Upda es
This pas May I chai ed he Sena e
App op ia ions Commi ee’s ield
hea ing on global clima e change a he
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks. Rep esen-
a i es om NSF, he Na ional Oceanic
and A mosphe ic Adminis a ion, he
Na ional Ae onau ics and Space Admini-
s a ion, he U.S. Geological Su ey, and
p o esso s om he na ion’s op esea ch
ins i u ions a ended he hea ing. This was
a aluable discussion on he s a us o sci-
en i ic esea ch on clima e change, pa icu-
la ly in he a c ic egion, and how clima e
change is impac ing ou a ea.
Tes imony om esea che s a his
hea ing unde sco ed an impo an
message— he A c ic has been a ec ed by
clima e change mo e han any o he a ea
on plane Ea h. Unde s anding wha has
aken place he e may be key o unlocking
he unce ain ies o global clima e change.
Many wi nesses a he hea ing no ed ha
ecen clima e change ac i i y likely s ems
om a numbe o ac o s, including na u-
al a iances and human ac i i y.
Rega dless o cause, many changes p e-
dic ed wo ldwide appea o be happening
i s and wi h g ea e se e i y in a c ic
egions, including Alaska. Fo ins ance,
he pack ice ha p o ec s ou s a e’s
coas al illages o med la e in he yea and
was much so e , allowing s o ms o ba e
and e ode he coas line. Fo es s ha e g ad-
ually mo ed a he no h and wes in
Alaska as pe ma os has eceded. The
No hwes Passage has been seasonally ice
ee o he pas h ee yea s, gene a ing
inc eased in e es om comme cial shippe s
o use his ou e. In addi ion, ecen s ud-
ies show he wo ld has inc eased in em-
pe a u e by one deg ee, bu he a c ic em-
pe a u e has inc eased by se en deg ees.
We a e no su e whe he he changes
aking place in he A c ic a e pa o a
na u al clima ic cycle in ou egion o he
beginning o a long- e m, possibly
i e e sible, end. I onically, he A c ic is
among he leas s udied egions in he
wo ld, ye i is expe iencing he g ea es
immedia e impac s o a no iceable wa m-
ing clima e change. The changes o he
a c ic egion a e no jus heo e ical p og-
nos ica ions o wha u u e clima e change
may b ing o ou plane ;
he e ec s o change a e
eal and occu ing now.
Undoub edly, he
hea ing in Fai banks
accen ua ed he need o
be e unde s and cli-
ma e change; i also
e ealed he sho com-
ings o ou na ion’s cu -
en e o s o add ess
his issue. Al hough se -
e al di e en ede al
agencies ha e p og ams
ela ed o clima e
change, ede al unding
o ele an esea ch and
de elopmen has
s eadily declined o e
he pas 10 yea s. The esou ces o
coo dina ion and o e -a ching o ganiza-
ion among he di e en agencies ha e
been inadequa e, esul ing in unnecessa y
duplica ion o e o and he ul ima e ail-
u e o add ess he singula issue o clima e
change. Consequen ly, a eas like he a c ic
egion ha e gone wi hou adequa e clima e
change obse a ion and da a compila ion.
I ha e co-sponso ed, wi h Sena o By d
o Wes Vi ginia, legisla ion o c ea e a
p ocess o he Uni ed S a es o se iously
add ess clima e change. Ou bill, i led
“The Clima e Change S a egy and Tech-
nology Inno a ion Ac o 2001,” would
no in e e e wi h o eplace exis ing
e o s o ede al agencies ela ed o cli-
ma e change. Ra he i would complemen
cu en agency p og ams by coo dina ing
ou na ion’s app oach o global clima e
change. This would be accomplished
h ough he implemen a ion o a na ional
s a egy based on emission mi iga ion
measu es, in es men s in ene gy-e icien
echnologies, expanded esea ch in o cli-
ma e adap a ion, and esol ing emaining
scien i ic and economic unce ain ies
ega ding clima e change.
Pa amoun o his e o , he bill
au ho izes new unding o esea ch and
de elopmen o c ea e he nex gene a ion
o inno a i e ene gy echnologies, wi h he
goal o g ea ly educing emissions om he
use o ossil uels. The e en ual esul will
Clima e Change in he A c ic and he 107 h Cong ess
by Sena o Ted S e ens
be o achie e he goal o lowe ing o le el-
ing o o concen a ions o CO2 in he
a mosphe e.
On 18 July he Sena e Go e nmen al
A ai s Commi ee held a hea ing on he
Clima e Change S a egy and Technology
Inno a ion Ac o 2001 (SB 1008). I
in i ed he membe s o he commi ee o
isi Alaska and wi ness i s -hand he
e ec s ha clima e change has had on he
a c ic en i onmen . The bill ecei ed
hough ul discussion, and, sho ly he e-
a e , he commi ee app o ed i by unani-
mous consen . P esen ly, he bill is on he
Sena e calenda and awai s u he deba e
be o e i s ul ima e disposi ion.
The e is an immedia e need o s imu-
la e ou na ion’s esea ch and de elopmen
in inno a i e ene gy echnologies. Th ough
his egimen ou coun y can de elop he
necessa y ools o he en i e wo ld o
employ in dec easing he base o pollu ion
we collec i ely gene a e and pu in o he
a mosphe e. The ongoing clima e change
aking place in he A c ic has pu he
wo ld on no ice o wha global wa ming
may look like. I is ou job o ake heed
and make esponsible decisions now.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he
Sena o ’s web si e (h p://s e ens.
sena e.go /), o con ac him in
Washing on, DC (202/224-3004; ax
202/224-2354; sena o .s e ens@
s e ens.sena e.go ).
On 29 May 2001, Sena o Ted S e ens con ened a ield hea ing o he Sena e
App op ia ions Commi ee in Fai banks, AK, o discuss global clima e change.
A membe o he U.S. Sena e since 1968, S e ens chai ed he App op ia ions
Commi ee om 1997 o 2001; he cu en ly se es as he Commi ee’s anking
membe (pho o by E ic Engman).

22
A c ic Council Ma ks Culmina ion o i s Fi s Ten Yea s
In e na ional News
Delega es o he 10 h anni e sa y cel-
eb a ion o he A c ic En i onmen al
P o ec ion S a egy (AEPS) me in June
2001 in Ro aniemi, Finland. The AEPS,
i s p oposed by Finland, e ol ed in o he
A c ic Council in 1996. Finnish En i on-
men Minis e Sa u Hassi and P ime Min-
is e Paa o Lipponen bo h spoke a he
commemo a ion. U.S. S a e Depa men
Assis an Sec e a y o Oceans and Fishe -
ies Ma y Be h Wes desc ibed he Council
as a model o egional coope a ion on
en i onmen al and sus ainable de elop-
men issues. Iceland announced o icially
ha i is willing o ake o e he chai o
he Council om Finland in 2002.
The AEPS commemo a ion was ol-
lowed by he semiannual mee ing o he
Senio A c ic O icials (SAOs). The mee -
ing included s a us epo s om A c ic
Council wo king g oup chai s and p esen-
a ions on he A c ic Clima e Impac
Assessmen (see Wi ness Win e 2000/
2001), a c ic anspo a ion, and he
Wo ld Summi on Sus ainable De elop-
men . Fi e o he six indigenous g oups
a ended, as well as many obse e na ions
and nongo e nmen al o ganiza ions. The
Eu opean Commission a ended as in i ed
gues o he Finnish chai .
Wo king G oup Ac i i ies
A c ic Moni o ing and Assessmen
P og am (AMAP): Fac shee s on adioac-
i i y and hea y me als in he A c ic we e
eleased in Ro aniemi. Upda es o he pol-
lu ion s udies published in 1997 a e ex-
pec ed o be comple ed by he nex Minis-
e ial mee ing in Sep embe 2002.
Conse a ion o A c ic Flo a and
Fauna (CAFF): A c ic Flo a and Fauna:
S a us and Conse a ion, he i s uly ci -
cumpola o e iew o a c ic biodi e si y
and ela ed conse a ion issues (see Publi-
ca ions, page 27), was eleased in Ro an-
iemi. The s udy concludes ha species a e
showing he e ec s o o e exploi a ion,
habi a loss, and pollu ion, and ha dis-
ance has no made he A c ic immune o
global en i onmen al issues. CAFF will
de elop policy ecommenda ions o
go e nmen s based on hese indings.
Eme gency P e en ion, P epa edness,
and Response (EPPR): The elease o he
Ci cumpola Map o Resou ces a Risk om
Oil Spills in he A c ic is expec ed in ime
o he No embe 2001 SAO mee ing.
Finland is coo dina ing a new p ojec —
a su ey on majo acciden s and na u al
disas e s in he A c ic o e he pas decade.
P o ec ion o he A c ic Ma ine
En i onmen (PAME): The Russian
Na ional Plan o Ac ion o he P o ec ion
o he A c ic Ma ine En i onmen om
An h opogenic Pollu ion has been
app o ed by he Russian Duma. The U.S.
chai o PAME is o ganizing a mee ing in
Washing on, DC, in 2001 o encou age
go e nmen al, p i a e sec o , and in e na-
ional inancing o he p og am. The nex
PAME mee ing, scheduled o 9–11 Oc o-
be 2001 in Moscow, will include a hal -
day semina on o sho e oil and gas issues.
Sus ainable De elopmen Wo king
G oup: The child en and you h p ojec
is collec ing da a on ma e nal and in an
heal h, suicide p e en ion, and in ec ious
diseases. The Uni ed S a es and Finland
ha e p esen ed p oposals o a ci cumpola
anspo a ion and in as uc u e p ojec .
Join wo kshops a e scheduled o
Sep embe 2001.
A c ic Council Ac ion Plan o Elimi-
na e Pollu ion o he A c ic: The SAOs
app o ed h ee p ojec p oposals o
u he de elopmen :
• Reduc ion o A mosphe ic Me cu y
Releases om A c ic S a es,
• En i onmen ally Sound Managemen o
S ocks o Obsole e Pes icides in Russia,
• Ou sp ead and Implemen a ion o
Cleane P oduc ion Me hodology
in he Russian A c ic.
A c ic Clima e Impac Assessmen
(ACIA): Scien is s om all eigh a c ic
na ions and Eu ope ha e begun d a ing
he scien i ic impac assessmen chap e s
(see Wi ness Win e 2000/2001). The
ACIA s ee ing g oup and lead au ho s
ha e ag eed on he baseline clima e change
scena io o be used—SRES B-2.
Mee ings on he A c ic Ho izon
The nex SAO mee ing will ake place
in Espoo, Finland, 6–7 No embe 2001.
The nex Minis e ial-le el mee ing o he
A c ic Council will be held in Sep embe
2002 in Ina i (Saa iselka), Finland.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he A c ic
Council web si e (h p://a c ic-council.
o g), o con ac Hale VanKoughne a he
Depa men o S a e in Washing on, DC
(202/647-4972; ax 202/647-4353;
[email p o ec ed]).
A c ic Science Summi Week 2001
D aws Resea che s o Iqalui
App oxima ely 300 people pa icipa ed in he hi d A c ic Science Summi Week
(ASSW) in Ap il 2001 in Iqalui , Nuna u . Se e al in e na ional and egional
a c ic science o ganiza ions also con ened mee ings in Iqalui , o e ing pa icipan s
oppo uni ies o bo h o mal and in o mal in e ac ions du ing he week.
Leading a c ic scien is s con ibu ed o a Science Day on “Science and Technol-
ogy o Sus ainable Communi ies” and enjoyed he demons a ion o a no el way o
sha e he indings o scien is s wi h no he n esiden s. Ande s Ka lq is , Di ec o -
Gene al o he Swedish Pola Resea ch Sec e a ia , concei ed and w o e an a c ic he-
a e play as a o um o epo ing abou cu en esea ch indings. The play, which
e ol es a ound bo h he his o ic F anklin Expedi ion and a con empo a y Swedish
und a expedi ion, was o iginally pe o med by p o essional a is s a a majo hea e
in S ockholm. The Iqalui mini- e sion was pe o med by wo p o essional ac o s, a
jazz musician, a Na i e d umme om Iqalui , and i e scien is s.
The ASSW is con ened annually by he In e na ional A c ic Science Commi ee
(IASC). ASSW 2002 will be held 21–26 Ap il 2002 in G oningen, The Ne he lands.
Fo mo e in o ma ion abou IASC and ASSW, see he IASC web si e (www.
iasc.no), o con ac Odd Rogne in Oslo, No way (+47/2295-9900; ax +47/2295-
9901; [email p o ec ed]).
23
In e na ional News
Cold Wa e Flux om No dic Seas has Dec eased
The main sou ce o he deep wa e o
he No h A lan ic is he o e low o
cold, dense wa e om he No dic seas
ac oss he G eenland-Sco land Ridge and
in o he A lan ic Ocean; his o e low
helps d i e he in low o wa m, sal y su -
ace wa e in o he No dic seas. The Fa oe
Bank Channel (FBC; see igu e) is he
deepes passage (app oxima ely 840 m
deep) ac oss he idge, and he deep low
h ough he FBC has been es ima ed o
ca y app oxima ely 33% o he o al o e -
low o cold wa e om he No dic seas
in o he A lan ic. A epo in he 21 June
2001 Na u e p esen s e idence ha he
o e low o cold wa e h ough he FBC
has weakened since 1950. The in es iga-
ion was unded by he No dic En i on-
men al Resea ch P og amme and he
VEINS p ojec o he Eu opean
Communi y.
Bogi Hansen, an oceanog aphe a he
Fa oese Fishe ies Labo a o y, desc ibes he
low o cold wa e o e he FBC as a sub-
ma ine i e 15 kilome e s wide and 200
me e s deep, ca ying wice as much wa e
as all he wo ld’s eshwa e i e s com-
bined. Since No embe 1995, Hansen and
colleagues Bill Tu ell (Sco land) and
S ein Øs e hus (No way) ha e been able
o collec nea ly con inuous measu emen s
o eloci y om an upwa d-looking
Dopple cu en p o ile moo ed a he
sill o he channel.
P e ious wo k had documen ed ha
he wa e lowing o e he FBC had
become wa me and less saline o e ime
(Tu ell e al. 1999, Hansen e al. 1999).
The new ins umen a ion showed ha ,
in addi ion, he low o wa e colde han
0.3˚C h ough he FBC dec eased 2–4%
pe yea in 1995–2000. The au ho s a gue
ha he dec ease p obably also includes
wa me componen s o he o e low.
This da a, conside ed in combina ion
wi h hyd og aphic obse a ions collec ed
om a wea he ship (OWS-M on igu e)
since 1948, sugges s ha he lux o cold
wa e (<0.3˚C) lowing o e he FBC
dec eased by a leas 20% in he pe iod
1950–2000. Mos o he dec ease ook
place a e 1970 and appa en ly accele -
a ed conside ably du ing he las decade
o he 20 h cen u y.
The e a e no measu emen s o con i m
whe he he low o cold wa e elsewhe e
o e he G eenland-Sco land Ridge has
inc eased o compensa e o he FBC
dec ease, o has also dec eased. I he o al
o e low om he No dic seas has
dec eased o e he la e hal o he 20 h
cen u y, hen he global he mohaline
ci cula ion may also ha e been a ec ed.
The cold o e low om he No dic
seas equi es a compensa ing in low o
(wa me ) wa e om he A lan ic o he
No dic seas. Reduced cold-wa e o e low
can be expec ed o lead o educed A lan ic
in low. Such a educ ion could explain
why some o he a eas mos a ec ed by he
A lan ic in low (e.g., he Fa oe Islands)
ha e no expe ienced global wa ming.
The hea and sal anspo ed by he
A lan ic in low is i ally impo an in
main aining condi ions in he No dic seas
and he A c ic Ocean, and a - eaching
consequences can be expec ed i he FBC
lux con inues o dec ease.
While he obse ed dec ease in cold
wa e low om he A c ic o he A lan ic
o e he FBC may be pa o na u ally
occu ing a ia ions, he obse a ions a e
consis en wi h p edic ed consequences o
an h opogenic clima e change. Inc eased
mel ing o sea-ice and inc eased eshwa e
supply due o global wa ming would end
o lowe he densi y o su ace wa e s in
a ec ed a eas, educing he e iciency o
con ec ion and o he p ocesses ha o m
and d i e he cold a c ic wa e o e low.
Thus, he dec eased FBC lux may indi-
ca e ha global wa ming has a ec ed he
global he mohaline ci cula ion and
oceanic hea anspo owa d he A c ic.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac Bogi
Hansen in Tó sha n, Fa oe Islands
(+298/315-092; ax +298/318-264;
[email p o ec ed]).
Re e ences
Hansen, B., W.R. Tu ell, and
S. Øs e hus. 2001. Dec easing o e low
om he No dic seas in o he A lan ic
Ocean h ough he Fa oe Bank channel
since 1950. Na u e 411: 927–930.
Hansen, B. and R. K is iansen. 1999.
Va ia ions o he Fa oe Bank Channel
o e low. Ri Fiskid 16, 13–21.
Tu ell, W.R., G. Slesse , R.D. Adams,
R. Payne, and P.A. Gillib and. 1999.
Decadal a iabili y in he composi ion
o Fa oe She land Channel bo om
wa e . Deep Sea Resea ch 46, 1–25.
The G eenland-Sco land Ridge s e ches app oxima ely 1700 kilome e s om G eenland in he wes o he She land
Islands, jus no h o Sco land. A eas shallowe han 700 me e s a e shown as ligh blue. The ou low channels whe e
cold No dic wa e lows ac oss he idge o he A lan ic a e indica ed by a ows. App oxima ely 50% o he o e low
passes h ough he Denma k S ai (DS) be ween G eenland and Iceland. App oxima ely 33% lows h ough he Fa oe
Bank Channel (FBC). The emainde lows ac oss he Iceland-Fa oe Ridge (IFR) and he Wy ille Thomson Ridge
(WTR) ( igu e p epa ed by Bogi Hansen).
24
In e na ional News
Global Change Con e ence O ganize s
Call o an E hical Social Response
IARC Ou lines Resea ch Con ibu ing o Global Models
The In e na ional A c ic Resea ch
Cen e (IARC) was es ablished on
he campus o he Uni e si y o Alaska
Fai banks (UAF) in Augus 1999 o he
pu pose o in eg a ing and syn hesizing
global clima e change esea ch conduc ed
by a c ic scien is s om a ound he wo ld
(see Wi ness Au umn 1997). The Na ional
Science Boa d au ho ized NSF o nego i-
a e a coope a i e ag eemen wi h UAF,
e ec i e May 2000, unding IARC ope a-
ions and ou majo p ojec s:
• he Communi y A c ic Modeling
P ojec (CAMP),
• he Nansen and Amundsen Basins
Obse a ional Sys em (NABOS),
• he es ablishmen o me hane and
pe ma os da abase cen e s, and
• he A c ic Clima e Impac Assessmen
p ojec (ACIA; see Wi ness Win e
2000/2001).
In e compa ison P ojec and he Coupled
Model In e compa ison P ojec , bo h
coo dina ed by Law ence Li e mo e Lab,
he A c ic Ocean Model In e compa ison
P ojec , and he A c ic Regional Clima e
Model In e compa ison P ojec (see
Wi ness Win e 2000/2001).
The NABOS p ojec will measu e
ci cula ion, wa e -mass ans o ma ion,
and ans o ma ion mechanisms in he
Eu asian Basin o he A c ic Ocean.
NABOS will deploy 12 moo ings in ou
ansec s o he con inen al slope o he
Nansen and Amundsen Basins. Da a om
hese moo ings will complemen da a om
a se o moo ings ac oss F am S ai ope -
a ed by Eu opean Union p og ams.
The da abase cen e o me hane
esea ch will be coo dina ed wi h he In e -
na ional A c ic Science Commi ee’s Feed-
backs and A c ic Te es ial Ecosys ems
p ojec (FATE; see Wi ness Sp ing 2000)
and he In e na ional Tund a Expe imen
(ITEX; see Wi ness Win e 2000/2001).
The pe ma os esea ch cen e will be
coo dina ed wi h he In e na ional Pe ma-
os Associa ion, he Na ional Snow and
Ice Da a Cen e in Boulde , Colo ado (see
page 6), and he Ecosys em Da abase Cen-
e a he Na ional Ins i u e o Ag o-
En i onmen al Science in Japan.
The F on ie Resea ch Sys em o
Global Change, es ablished in 1997 by he
Japan Ma ine Science and Technology
Cen e and he Na ional Space De elop-
men Agency o Japan, also suppo s
esea ch a IARC. F on ie in es iga o s
a e o ganized in o:
• a physics g oup ocused on a mosphe e/
ocean/ice in e ac ions, and
• a mul idisciplina y g oup emphasizing
biogeochemis y.
The coope a i e ag eemen ha unded
IARC also c ea ed an O e sigh Council
o ad ise bo h NSF and UAF on IARC.
A Science Ad iso y Boa d ad ises he
di ec o and s a on he ins i u ion’s
gene al esea ch p io i ies, and na ional
and in e na ional collabo a ion.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he IARC
web si e (www.ia c.ua .edu), o con ac
IARC Di ec o Syun Akaso u in
Fai banks, AK (907/474-6012; ax 907/
474-5662; [email p o ec ed]).
In July 2001, mo e han 1,600 people
om 100 coun ies ga he ed in Ams e -
dam, The Ne he lands, o an open sci-
ence con e ence on “Challenges o a
Changing Ea h.” The con e ence was
sponso ed by ou in e na ional global
change p og ams, in pa o call a en ion
o he con ibu ions o he i s ull decade
o global change esea ch.
The sponso ing o ganiza ions— he
In e na ional Geosphe e-Biosphe e
P og amme, he In e na ional Human
Dimensions P og amme on Global En i-
onmen al Change, he Wo ld Clima e
Resea ch P og amme, and he in e na-
ional biodi e si y p og am DIVERSI-
TAS—d a ed “The Ams e dam Decla a-
ion on Global Change,” a i ming ha :
• he Ea h Sys em is a single, sel -
egula ing sys em;
• in he “An h opoecene E a,” human-
d i en changes a e now compa able o
g ea o ces o na u e;
• global changes a e di icul o p edic ;
• Ea h Sys em dynamics a e cha ac e ized
by c i ical h esholds and ab up
CAMP will de elop 21s cen u y
scena ios o a c ic clima e change, using
model in e compa isons and expe imen s
designed o iden i y and imp o e pa a-
me e iza ions c i ical o long- e m a c ic
clima e simula ions (see igu e). This wo k
will con ibu e o he A mosphe ic Model
changes; and
• he e a e no p eceden s o he magni-
udes and a es o some o he changes
obse ed oday.
In ligh o hese obse a ions, he au ho s
u ge he people o he wo ld—and hei
go e nmen s and NGOs, scien is s and
policy make s— o each ac oss cus oma y
bounda ies o c ea e an e hical amewo k
and delibe a e s a egies o sus aining he
Ea h sys em while mee ing social and
economic objec i es.
Th ee days o p esen a ions and ple-
na y sessions ocused on opics such as:
• ishe ies and ood p oduc ion,
• he p oli e a ion o la ge dams (5,000
in 1950; 45,000 in 2001) and hei
impac s,
• links be ween biogeochemical cycles,
• en i onmen al changes d i en by social
change in Sou heas Asia, and
• changes in biodi e si y and i e egimes.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see www.
scicon .igbp.k a.se, o con ac Will S e en
in S ockholm, Sweden (+46/816-6448; ax
+46/816-6405; [email p o ec ed]).
Va iabili y among eigh global clima e models’
p ojec ions o a c ic wa ming by he la e 21s cen u y
( igu e om J. Walsh and W. Chapman).
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
-12
-14
oC
25
Publica ions Educa ion News
S uden s Examine Indus y in No hwes Russia
Du ing he pas ew decades, mine al
and ene gy indus ies ha e expanded
in a c ic egions. This de elopmen has
coincided wi h inc easing local empowe -
men among a c ic indigenous people. As
home ule a eas seek local economic de el-
opmen , he egion’s eno mous ese es o
mine als, oil, and gas a e ob ious sou ces
o income. In many a eas o he A c ic,
con lic s o e esou ce exploi a ion ha e
pi ed indigenous popula ions agains
newcome s. Con lic s e ol e a ound
issues such as:
• sel go e nmen s. domina ion by he
sou he n majo i y,
• adi ional s. mode n li es yles,
• enewable s. non enewable esou ces,
and
• he consequences o ansbounda y
con amina ion.
The six h annual summe cou se in he
Ci cumpola A c ic Social Science (CASS;
see Wi ness Sp ing 2000) ne wo k exam-
ined hese con lic s ega ding indus ializa-
ion in no hwes Russia in Sep embe
2001. The cou se, Indus ial De elopmen
in he A c ic, places special emphasis on
he social, economic, and cul u al conse-
quences o he de elopmen p ocess.
Po ions o he cou se ake place in col-
labo a ion wi h he Ci cumpola A c ic
En i onmen al S udies (CAES) ne wo k’s
2001 cou se, Indus ial Impac s on Na u al
and Social En i onmen s, enabling s uden s
o explo e c oss-disciplina y app oaches o
he s udy o en i onmen al consequences
o indus ializa ion. The CAES ne wo k,
es ablished in 1998, is based on he same
p inciples as CASS and held i s i s cou se
in 2000.
Abou 40 s uden s and 19 acul y
membe s isi ed he Kola Peninsula o
iew i s -hand he huge mining si es and
mine al p ocessing plan s in Nikel,
Monchego sk, and Apa i y, as well as he
small Sami mino i y’s cul u al and eco-
nomic cen e in Lozo e o. The g oup also
isi ed Mu mansk and A changelsk— wo
majo in as uc u al and mili a y cen e s
in he Russian A c ic. In addi ion o he
con ibu ions o he acul y and s uden s,
local au ho i ies and go e nmen al ep e-
sen a i es in ol ed in he de elopmen
p ocess pa icipa ed in he cou se.
The 2001 CASS/CAES cou se
ocuses on:
• social science opics,
• en i onmen al science opics, and
• an in e disciplina y app oach o he
in e ela ions be ween he social and
he en i onmen al consequences o
indus ializa ion in he Russian A c ic.
As pa o he cou se, small g oups o s u-
den s pu sue in e disciplina y esea ch
p ojec s on he in e ela ionships among
indus y, en i onmen , and socie y in
no hwes Russia.
Mo e han 60 doc o al s uden s om
all a c ic na ions ha e pa icipa ed in he
CASS cou ses since 1996, c ea ing an
in e na ional in e disciplina y ne wo k o
a c ic social science s uden s and acul y
membe s (see Wi ness Sp ing 2000).
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he CASS
cou se web page (www.geo. uc.dk/no s/
phd_ne /nw uss.h m), he CAES ne wo k
web si e (www.caesne wo k.cjb.ne ), o
con ac Rasmus Ole Rasmussen in
Roskilde, Denma k (+45/467-42137; ax
+45/467-43031; [email p o ec ed]) o Ka ja
Ru h in Luleå, Sweden(+46/9207-2800;
ax +46/9209-1697; [email p o ec ed]).
This apa i e mine in Ki o sk is he wo ld’s la ges sou ce o apa i e o e, which is c ushed and expo ed o he sou h as a
phospho us sou ce o e ilize s. The copious dus p oduced in he mining and c ushing p ocesses is a se ious heal h
haza d o he 115,000 people li ing in Ki o sk and Apa i y (pho o by Rasmus Ole Rasmussen).
Uni e si y o he A c ic Launched
In June 2001, a e ou yea s o planning by no he n ins i u ions in all eigh a c ic
na ions, mo e han 200 no he n educa o s and poli icians ga he ed a he Uni e -
si y o Lapland, Finland, o o mally launch he Uni e si y o he A c ic (UA c ic).
In all 2001, UA c ic o e s i s i s unde g adua e cou se, “The Ci cumpola
Wo ld,” ocusing speci ically on no he n opics and no he n needs. The cou se will
be a ailable in adi ional class ooms a pa icipa ing ins i u ions in Russia, Eu ope,
and No h Ame ica, and also on he In e ne . The use o he In e ne o acili a e
lea ning, pa icula ly o s uden s in emo e a eas, is cen al o he UA c ic concep .
Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he UA c ic web si e (www.ua c ic.o g), o con ac
Asgei B ekke in T omsø, No way (+47/7764-5151; ax +47/7764-5580;
[email p o ec ed]).
4
The ollowing a e some sugges ions on how
o make he ansi ion om you esea ch
si e o he class oom, adap ed om The
Scien is ’s Guide o Making Class oom
Visi s, wi h pe mission om he Alaska
Mine al and Ene gy Resou ce Educa ion
Fund. Fo a copy o he comple e bookle ,
con ac hem a 907/276-0700.
One o he bes ools any class oom
eache can ha e is a pe son who
knows and unde s ands science. Scien-
is s in he class oom can help s uden s:
• unde s and how science is used in he
eal wo ld,
• see scien is s as eal people and ole
models,
• de elop a sense o how science and
o he subjec s wo k oge he , and
• unde s and he ole o science in day-
o-day li ing.
Be o e You Visi
Discuss wi h he eache :
• how you opics can i in wi h wha
he class is cu en ly lea ning,
• how i will be co e ed bo h be o e and
a e you isi ,
• backg ound in o ma ion al eady
co e ed, and
• exac ly wha you will p esen o he class.
You may wan o sugges esou ces,
p o ide he eache wi h backg ound
ma e ial o in oduce be o e you isi , o
de elop a wo kshee o an ac i i y o ol-
low up on you p esen a ion. Ha e he
eache ge he s uden s o de elop wo
o h ee ques ions each abou you opic
o s imula e discussion.
Tailo he leng h and s yle o you
p esen a ion o he age g oup o he class:
• Kinde ga en s uden s: up o 20 min-
u es. This g oup especially likes hands-
on i ems and ac i i ies and will ask lo s
o ques ions.
• G ades 1–3: 20 o 30 minu es. Visuals
and hands-on objec s o ac i i ies
always engage s uden s. Expec ques-
ions and s o ies.
• G ades 4–6: 45 o 60 minu es. Visuals
and ac i i ies a e mo e e ec i e o he
longe p esen a ion. Conside includ-
ing a sho assignmen (wo kshee ) o
ques ion/answe session. I possible,
inco po a e echnology in o you
p esen a ion.
• G ades 7–12: P esen a ions 50 minu es
o longe . The leng h usually depends
on class schedules. As wi h younge
s uden s, he mo e engaging you ac i i-
ies and i ems, he mo e in e ac i e he
s uden s will be.
“Wiggles” by any g ade le el indica e a
need o a change in pace o ac i i y. B ing
along cool gadge s, i ems ha you wo k
wi h, and pic u es. Pic u es should be
la ge enough o be seen, and objec s o
handling by s uden s should be sa e.
Du ing You P esen a ion
In oduce you sel . Tell he class why
you a e isi ing. Ask ques ions o de e -
mine wha hey al eady know abou he
opic. Tie you opic in o wha hey ha e
been s udying. Tell hem wha o expec
ou o you isi .
Ha e he s uden s answe some basic
ques ions be o e beginning. Examples:
“Wha a e he h ee basic ypes o ocks?”
“Wha do you hink geologis s do?”
Be su e o discuss why you became a
scien is . Wha makes you exci ed abou
he wo k you do? How does you wo k
a ec hei li es? Gi e an example i you
can and ha e hem come up wi h some.
Discuss how echnology is a pa o you
wo k.
Re iew as you go. Make connec ions
abou wha you said and did by asking
ques ions. Ha e hem make connec ions.
P o ide a way o he s uden o use
he in o ma ion you ha e p esen ed hem.
Ha e hem do an expe imen , play a game,
o do a wo kshee ha you and/o he
eache de eloped o ha pu pose. Ac u-
ally wo k di ec ly wi h he s uden s i hey
a e engaged in an ac i i y.
A he end o he p esen a ion, ask he
s uden s h ee o ou e iew ques ions
and ha e hem ie in pe sonal expe iences
o sha e s o ies. Remembe o lea e con-
ac in o ma ion so hey can send you
hei wo kshee s, o con ac you o mo e
in o ma ion.
Mos o all— emembe he en husiasm
and cu iosi y ha d o e you o become
he scien is you a e oday. Remembe o
ha e un!
The Scien is ’s Guide o Making Class oom Visi s
Execu i e Di ec o : Wendy K. Wa nick
This supplemen is published by
ARCUS wi h unding om he
Na ional Science Founda ion (NSF).
Any opinions, indings, conclusions, o
ecommenda ions exp essed in his
publica ion do no necessa ily e lec
he iews o NSF.
Managing Edi o : Alison Yo k
Educa ion Edi o : Jane Wa bu on
Edi o /Designe : Ma y Peale
Copy Edi o s: Diane Wallace, Sue Mi chell
Con ibu o s: J. B une, M. McCla en,
P. Ong ooguk.
Selec ed Science Educa ion Web Si es
www.ankn.ua .edu
The Alaska Na i e Knowledge Ne wo k
(ANKN) compiles and exchanges in o ma ion
ela ed o Alaska Na i e knowledge sys ems and
ways o knowing. The si e includes a sea chable
da abase o cul u ally based cu iculum e-
sou ces.
www.enc.o g
The Eisenhowe Na ional Clea inghouse o
Ma hema ics and Science Educa ion (ENC) was
collec s all ypes o eaching ma e ials o K–12
ma h and science educa o s and dissemina es
in o ma ion abou ede ally unded p og ams.
www.globe.go
Global Lea ning and Obse a ions o Bene i
he En i onmen (GLOBE) is a wo ldwide,
hands-on, p ima y and seconda y school-based
science and educa ion p og am. Thei web si e
o e s on-line s uden ac i i ies and esou ces o
bo h scien is s and educa o s.
www.e icse.o g
The Educa ional Resou ces In o ma ion Cen e ,
sponso ed by he U.S. Depa men o Educa-
ion, p o ides access o he bes in o ma ion
a ailable o eaching and lea ning abou sci-
ence, ma hema ics, and he en i onmen .
www.epa.go /en i o/h ml/em
The En i oMappe applica ion p o ides use s
wi h in e ac i e Geog aphic In o ma ion Sys em
(GIS) unc ionali y using En i onmen al P o-
ec ion Agency (EPA) spa ial da a, including ai
eleases, d inking wa e , haza dous was es, wa e
discha ge pe mi s, and Supe und si es.
www.epa.go /globalwa ming/
isi o cen e /educa o s
The Educa o s' sec ion o his EPA si e o e s
ma e ials on clima e change science, po en ial
impac s, and mi iga ion op ions. Tools include
a G eenhouse Gas Calcula o , a Global Wa m-
ing Wheel Ca d, case s udies, and in e ac i e
so wa e o measu e ene gy consump ion,
impac , and educ ion oppo uni ies.
Special Science Educa ion Supplemen
Wi ness he A c ic,
Au umn 2001
3535 College Road, Sui e 101
Fai banks, Alaska 99709 USA
Phone: 907/474-1600
Fax: 907/474-1604
[email p o ec ed]
www.a cus.o g

Publica ions
NSF O ice o Pola P og ams A c ic Sec ion Add esses Au umn 2001
Published by he A c ic Resea ch Conso ium o he Uni ed S a es • 3535 College Road • Sui e 101 • Fai banks, AK 99709
O ice o Pola P og ams (OPP)
Na ional Science Founda ion (NSF)
4201 Wilson Boule a d, Sui e 755 S
A ling on, VA 22230
Phone: 703/292-8029 • Fax: 703/292-9082
Thomas E. Pyle, Sec ion Head
[email p o ec ed]
Cha les E. Mye s, Head o In e agency
A c ic S a
[email p o ec ed]
Robin Muench, P og am O ice
[email p o ec ed]
A c ic Sys em Science P og am
(ARCSS)
www.ns .go /od/opp/a c ic/sys em.h m
Michael T. Ledbe e , P og am Manage
[email p o ec ed]
A c ic Social Sciences P og am
www.ns .go /od/opp/a c ic/social.h m
Fae L. Ko smo, P og am Manage
[email p o ec ed]
A c ic Na u al Sciences P og am
www.ns .go /od/opp/a c ic/na u al.h m
Jane V. Dionne, P og am Manage
[email p o ec ed]
Neil Swanbe g, P og am Manage
[email p o ec ed]
Resea ch Suppo & Logis ics
www.ns .go /od/opp/a c ic/suplog.h m
Simon N. S ephenson, P og am Manage
[email p o ec ed]
A c ic Sciences Sec ion • www.ns .go /od/opp/a c ic/s a .h m
A c ic Sys em Science P og am (ARCSS) P og am Add esses
ARCSS Commi ee (AC)
www.a cus.o g/ARCSS/ARCSS.h ml
Jack K use, Chai
Depa men o Geosciences
Uni e si y o Massachuse s
117 N. Le e e Road
Le e e , MA 01054
Phone: 413/367-2240 • Fax: 413/367-0092
[email p o ec ed]
F. S ua (Te y) Chapin, III
Ins i u e o A c ic Biology
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 757000
Fai banks, AK 99775-7000
Phone: 907/474-7922 • Fax: 907/474-6967
[email p o ec ed]
Rudy J. Dich l
CIRES/Na ional Snow & Ice Da a Cen e
Uni e si y o Colo ado
Campus Box 449
Boulde , CO 80309-0449
Phone: 303/492-5532 • Fax: 303/492-2468
[email p o ec ed]
Law ence C. Hamil on
Depa men o Sociology HSSC
Uni e si y o New Hampshi e
20 College Road
Du ham, NH 03824-3509
Phone: 603/862-1859 • Fax: 603/862-3558
[email p o ec ed]
O. W. (Bill) Heal
The G ana y - Alle wash - Newb ough - Hexham
NE47 5AB No humbe land, UK
Phone/Fax: +44/1434-674-715
[email p o ec ed]
Lloyd D. Keigwin
Depa men o Geology and Geophysics
Woods Hole Oceanog aphic Ins i u ion
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Phone: 508/289-2784 • Fax: 508/457-2183
[email p o ec ed]
ARCSS Commi ee Coo dina ion
www.a cus.o g
Wendy K. Wa nick, Execu i e Di ec o
A c ic Resea ch Conso ium o he Uni ed S a es
(ARCUS)
3535 College Road, Sui e 101
Fai banks, AK 99709-3710
Phone: 907/474-1600 • Fax: 907/474-1604
[email p o ec ed] • [email p o ec ed]
ARCSS Da a Coo dina ion Cen e
h p://a css.colo ado.edu
Rudy J. Dich l, Da a Manage
Coope a i e Ins i u e o Resea ch
in En i onmen al Sciences (CIRES)
Na ional Snow & Ice Da a Cen e
Uni e si y o Colo ado
Campus Box 449
Boulde , CO 80309-0449
Phone: 303/492-5532 • Fax: 303/492-2468
[email p o ec ed]
Ch is McNea e, Da a Coo dina o
add ess and ax same as Rudy J. Dich l
Phone: 303/492-1390
[email p o ec ed]
ARCSS P og am Coo dina ion
Amanda Lynch
CIRES/P og am in A mosphe ic &
Oceanic Sciences
Uni e si y o Colo ado
Campus Box 216
Boulde , CO 80309-0216
Phone: 303/492-5847 • Fax: 303/492-1149
[email p o ec ed]
Jona han T. O e peck
Ins i u e o he S udy o Plane Ea h
Uni e si y o A izona
715 No h Pa k A enue, 2nd Floo
Tucson, AZ 85721
Phone: 520/622-9065 • Fax: 520/792-8795
[email p o ec ed]
B uce J. Pe e son
The Ecosys ems Cen e
Ma ine Biological Labo a o y
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Phone: 508/289-7484 • Fax: 508/457-1548
[email p o ec ed]
Michael J. Re elle
Depa men o Geology
Ba es College
44 Campus A enue
Lewis on, ME 04240
Phone: 207/786-6155 • Fax: 207/786-8334
[email p o ec ed]
John Wea he ly
Cold Regions Resea ch & Enginee ing Labo a o y
72 Lyme Road
Hano e , NH 03755
Phone: 603/646-4741 • Fax: 603/646-4644
[email p o ec ed]
ARCUS • 907/474-1600 • Fax 907/474-1604 • [email p o ec ed] • www.a cus.o g
ARCSS P og am Add esses Au umn 2001
LAII Science S ee ing Commi ee
F. S ua (Te y) Chapin, III, Chai
Ins i u e o A c ic Biology
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 757000
Fai banks, AK 99775-7000
Phone: 907/474-7922 • Fax: 907/474-6967
[email p o ec ed]
Jona han Foley
Cen e o Clima ic Resea ch
Uni e si y o Wisconsin - Madison
1225 Wes Day on S ee
Madison, WI 53706-1695
Phone: 608/265-5144 • Fax: 608/262-5964
[email p o ec ed]
Gail A. Fondahl
NRES/Geog aphy
Uni e si y o No he n B i ish Columbia
3333 Uni e si y A enue
P ince Geo ge, BC V2N 4Z9 Canada
Phone: 250/960-5856 • Fax: 250/960-5539
[email p o ec ed]
Be na d Halle
Qua e na y Resea ch Cen e
Uni e si y o Washing on
P.O. Box 351360
Sea le, WA 98195-1360
Phone: 206/685-2409 • Fax: 206/543-3836
[email p o ec ed]
Hen y P. Hun ing on
Hun ing on Consul ing
23834 The Clea ing D i e
Eagle Ri e , AK 99577
Phone: 907/696-3564 • Fax: 907/696-3565
[email p o ec ed]
Amanda Lynch
CIRES/P og am in A mosphe ic &
Oceanic Sciences
Uni e si y o Colo ado
Campus Box 216
Boulde , CO 80309-0216
Phone: 303/492-5847 • Fax: 303/492-1149
[email p o ec ed]
Roge A. Pielke, S .
Depa men o A mosphe ic Science
Colo ado S a e Uni e si y
Fo Collins, CO 80523
Phone: 970/491-8293 • Fax: 970/491-8449
[email p o ec ed]
Joshua Schimel
Dep . o Ecology, E olu ion, & Ma ine Biology
Uni e si y o Cali o nia San a Ba ba a
507 Mesa Road
San a Ba ba a, CA 93106
Phone: 805/893-7688 • Fax: 805/893-4724
[email p o ec ed]
Ma hew S u m
Cold Regions Resea ch & Enginee ing Labo a o y
PO Box 35170
F . Wainw igh , AK 99703-0170
Phone: 907/353-5183 • Fax: 907/353-5142
[email p o ec ed]
Ma ilyn Walke
School o Ag icul u e & Land Resou ces
Managemen
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 756780
Fai banks, AK 99775-6780
Phone: 907/474-2424 • Fax: 907/474-6251
[email p o ec ed]
Robe G. Whi e
Ins i u e o A c ic Biology
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 757000
Fai banks, AK 99775-7000
Phone: 907/474-7028 • Fax: 907/474-6967
[email p o ec ed]
Land-A mosphe e-Ice In e ac ions (LAII) • www.laii.ua .edu
LAII Science Managemen O ice
F. S ua (Te y) Chapin, III, Di ec o
add ess, phone & ax same as abo e
[email p o ec ed]
Pa icia A. Ande son, Depu y Di ec o
Cen e o Global Change & A c ic Sys em
Resea ch
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 757740
Fai banks, AK 99775-7740
Phone: 907/474-5698 • Fax: 907/474-6722
[email p o ec ed]
LAII and OAII o Mee No embe 2001
Ocean-A mosphe e-Ice In e ac ions (OAII) and Land-A mosphe e-Ice
In e ac ions (LAII) in es iga o s will hold hei annual all-in es iga o mee ings
in mid-No embe 2001 in Sal Lake Ci y, U ah.
OAII All-Hands Mee ing
The OAII All-Hands Mee ing will con ene 14–16 No embe 2001. In addi ion o
pos e sessions on gene al a c ic science ac i i ies and OAII esea ch and ou each,
esea che s will p esen p oposals o ini ia i es dealing wi h a mosphe ic and nea -
sho e p ocesses. Fo mo e in o ma ion, egis a ion, and he agenda, see he OAII web
si e (h p://a css-oaii.hpl.umces.edu/AllHands/M g2001.h ml), o con ac Jane
Hawkey in Camb idge, MD (410/221-8416; ax 410/221-8490;
[email p o ec ed]).
LAII All-Hands Mee ing
The LAII All-Hands Mee ing will con ene 14–17 No embe 2001. In es iga o s
in he In e na ional Tund a Expe imen (ITEX), A c ic T ansi ions in he Land-
A mosphe e Sys em (ATLAS), and Russian-Ame ican Ini ia i e on Shel -Land En i-
onmen s in he A c ic (RAISE) p ojec s will mee sepa a ely o pa o he mee ing
o supplemen he plena y and pos e sessions. Fo mo e in o ma ion and he agenda,
see he LAII web si e (www.laii.ua .edu/m g.h m), o con ac Pa icia A. Ande son in
Fai banks, AK (907/474-5415; ax 907/474-6722; [email p o ec ed]).
Join Mee ings o OAII o LAII Regis an s
A mo ning plena y session on 15 No embe 2001, open o egis an s om ei he
mee ing, will b ing oge he OAII, LAII, RAISE, and PARCS in es iga o s o
• upda e one ano he on he a ious componen s’ ac i i ies and ini ia i es,
• os e in e disciplina y discussions, and
• iden i y he con ibu ions needed o acili a e an e ec i e ARCSS All-Hands
Mee ing in Feb ua y 2002.
The OAII, LAII, and RAISE Science S ee ing Commi ees will mee join ly on he
a e noon o 16 No embe 2001 o ollow up on he plena y discussions.
In addi ion, he Ba ow A c ic Science Conso ium (BASC) Science Ad iso y
G oup will con ene an open mee ing on he e ening o 15 No embe 2001, ollowed
by an in o ma ional session. Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he BASC web si e (www.s os.
ua .edu/basc), o con ac Glenn Sheehan in Ba ow, AK (907/852-4881; ax 907/
852-4882; [email p o ec ed]).
Ocean-A mosphe e-Ice In e ac ions (OAII) • h p://a css-oaii.hpl.umces.edu
Published by he A c ic Resea ch Conso ium o he Uni ed S a es • 3535 College Road • Sui e 101 • Fai banks, AK 99709
OAII Science S ee ing Commi ee
Louis A. Codispo i, Chai
Cen e o En i onmen al Science
Ho n Poin Labo a o y
Uni e si y o Ma yland
PO Box 775
Camb idge, MD 21613-0775
Phone: 410/221-8479 • Fax: 410/221-8490
[email p o ec ed]
Richa d A. Caul ield
Dep . o Alaska Na i e & Ru al De elopmen
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 756500
Fai banks, AK 99775-6500
Phone: 907/474-5573 • Fax: 907/474-6325
[email p o ec ed]
Dennis A. Da by
Dep . o Ocean, Ea h, & A mosphe ic Sciences
Old Dominion Uni e si y
4600 Elkho n A enue
No olk, VA 23529-0276
Phone: 757/683-4701 • Fax: 757/683-5303
[email p o ec ed]
Thomas L. Delwo h
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Labo a o y
Na ional Oceanic & A mosphe ic Adminis a ion
PO Box 308
P ince on, NJ 08542-0308
Phone: 609/452-6565 • Fax: 609/987-5063
[email p o ec ed]
Hajo Eicken
Geophysical Ins i u e
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 757320
Fai banks, AK 99775-7320
Phone: 907/474-7280 • Fax: 907/474-7290
[email p o ec ed]
Kelly K. Falkne
College o Oceanic & A mosphe ic Sciences
O egon S a e Uni e si y
104 Ocean Adminis a ion Building
Co allis, OR 97331-5503
Phone: 541/737-3625 • Fax: 541/737-2064
[email p o ec ed]
Jacqueline M. G ebmeie
Depa men o Ecology & E olu iona y Biology
Uni e si y o Tennessee
10515 Resea ch D i e, Sui e 100, Building A
Knox ille, TN 37932
Phone: 865/974-2592 • Fax: 865/974-7896
[email p o ec ed]
Dan Lubin
Cali o nia Space Ins i u e
Uni e si y o Cali o nia a San Diego
9500 Gilman D i e
La Jolla, CA 92093-0221
Phone: 858/534-6369 • Fax: 858/534-7452
[email p o ec ed]
Robie W. Macdonald
Ins i u e o Ocean Sciences
Depa men o Fishe ies & Oceans
PO Box 6000
Sidney, BC V8L 4B2 Canada
Phone: 250/363-6409 • Fax: 250/363-6807
[email p o ec ed]
Pa icia A. Ma ai
Bigelow Labo a o y o Ocean Sciences
180 McKown Poin Road
Wes Boo hbay Ha bo , ME 04575-0475
Phone: 207/633-9614 • Fax: 207/633-9641
[email p o ec ed]
Don K. Pe o ich
Cold Regions Resea ch & Enginee ing Labo a o y
72 Lyme Road
Hano e , NH 03755-1290
Phone: 603/646-4255 • Fax: 603/646-4644
[email p o ec ed]
Albe J. Sem ne
Depa men o Oceanog aphy
Na al Pos g adua e School
833 Dye Road, Room 328
Mon e ey, CA 93943-5122
Phone: 831/656-3267 • Fax: 831/656-2712
[email p o ec ed]
Paul B. Shepson
Depa men s o Chemis y, Ea h & A mosphe ic
Sciences
Pu due Uni e si y
1393 B own Building
Wes La aye e, IN 47907-1393
Phone: 765/494-7441 • Fax: 765/494-0239
[email p o ec ed]
John Wea he ly
Cold Regions Resea ch & Enginee ing
Labo a o y
72 Lyme Road
Hano e , NH 03755
Phone: 603/646-4741 • Fax: 603/646-4644
[email p o ec ed]
And ew Wea e
School o Ea h & Ocean Sciences
Uni e si y o Vic o ia
PO Box 3055
Vic o ia, BC V8W 3P6 Canada
Phone: 250/472-4001 • Fax: 250/472-4004
[email p o ec ed]
Thomas Weinga ne
Ins i u e o Ma ine Science
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 757220
Fai banks, AK 99775-7220
Phone: 907/474-7993 • Fax: 907/474-7204
[email p o ec ed]
OAII Science Managemen O ice
Louis A. Codispo i, Di ec o
Add ess, phone & ax same as abo e
[email p o ec ed]
Jane Hawkey, SMO Manage
add ess and ax same as Louis A. Codispo i
Phone: 410/221-8416
[email p o ec ed]
ARCSS P og am Add esses Au umn 2001
ARCSS P og am Add esses
ARCUS • 907/474-1600 • Fax 907/474-1604 • [email p o ec ed] • www.a cus.o g
PARCS S ee ing Commi ee
Ma y E. Edwa ds, Co-Chai
Geog a isk Ins i u
No wegian Uni e si y o Science & Technology
N-7034 T ondheim, No way
Phone: +47/7359-1915 • Fax: +47/7359-1878
[email p o ec ed]
Glen M. MacDonald, Co-Chai
Depa men s o Geog aphy and O ganismic
Biology, Ecology, & E olu ion
Uni e si y o Cali o nia Los Angeles
405 Hilga d A enue
Los Angeles, CA 90095-1524
Phone: 310/825-2568 • Fax: 310/206-5976
[email p o ec ed]
Pa ick J. Ba lein
Depa men o Geog aphy
Uni e si y o O egon
Eugene, OR 97403-1251
Phone: 541/346-4967 • Fax: 541/346-2067
[email p o ec ed]
Julie B igham-G e e
Depa men o Geosciences
Uni e si y o Massachuse s
Mo ill Science Cen e
Campus Box 35820
Amhe s , MA 01003-5820
Phone: 413/545-4840 • Fax: 413/545-1200
[email p o ec ed]
Ma ianne Douglas
Depa men o Geology
Uni e si y o To on o
22 Russell S ee
To on o, ON M5S 3B1 Canada
Phone: 416/978-3709 • Fax: 416/978-3938
[email p o ec ed]
Ma hieu Du all
Qua e na y Resea ch Cen e AK-60
Uni e si y o Washing on
Box 351360
Sea le, WA 98195
Phone: 206/543-0569 • Fax: 206/543-3836
[email p o ec ed]
B uce P. Finney
Ins i u e o Ma ine Science
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 757220
Fai banks, AK 99775-7220
Phone: 907/474-7724 • Fax: 907/474-7204
[email p o ec ed]
Aslaug Gei sdo i
Depa men o Geosciences
Uni e si y o Iceland
Ja d aedahus Haskolans
IS-101 Reykja ik, Iceland
Phone: +354/5254477 • Fax: +354/5254499
[email p o ec ed]
Malcolm K. Hughes
Labo a o y o T ee-Ring Resea ch
Uni e si y o A izona
105 W. S adium, Building 58
Tuscon, AZ 85721
Phone: 520/621-6470 • Fax: 520/621-8229
[email p o ec ed]
Anne Jennings
Ins i u e o A c ic & Alpine Resea ch
Uni e si y o Colo ado
Campus Box 450
Boulde , CO 80309-0450
Phone: 303/492-7621 • Fax: 303/492-6388
[email p o ec ed]
Ana oly V. Lozhkin
No heas In e disciplina y Scien i ic Resea ch
Ins i u e—Fa Eas B anch
Russian Academy o Sciences
16 Po o aya S ee
685000 Magadan, Russia
Phone: +7/413-223-0944
Fax: +7/413-223-0051
[email p o ec ed]
Gi o d H. Mille
Ins i u e o A c ic & Alpine Resea ch
Uni e si y o Colo ado
Campus Box 450
Boulde , CO 80309-0450
Phone: 303/492-6962 • Fax: 303/492-6388
[email p o ec ed]
Be e L. O o-Bliesne
Clima e Change Resea ch
Na ional Cen e o A mosphe ic Resea ch
PO Box 3000
Boulde , CO 80307
Phone: 303/497-1723 • Fax: 303/497-1348
[email p o ec ed]
Michael J. Re elle
Depa men o Geology
Ba es College
44 Campus A enue
Lewis on, ME 04240
Phone: 207/786-6155 • Fax: 207/786-8334
[email p o ec ed]
G ego y A. Zielinski
Ins i u e o Qua e na y & Clima e S udies
Uni e si y o Maine
O ono, ME 04469-5790
Phone: 207/581-3441 • Fax: 207/581-1203
[email p o ec ed]
Paleoen i onmen al A c ic Sciences (PARCS) • www.ngdc.noaa.go /paleo/pa cs
HARC Science Managemen O ice
Hen y P. Hun ing on, Di ec o
Hun ing on Consul ing
23834 The Clea ing D i e
Eagle Ri e , AK 99577
Phone: 907/696-3564 • Fax: 907/696-3565
[email p o ec ed]
Renée C ain, P ojec Manage
A c ic Resea ch Conso ium o he Uni ed S a es
(ARCUS)
3535 College Road, Sui e 101
Fai banks, AK 99709-3710
Phone: 907/474-1600 • Fax: 907/474-1604
[email p o ec ed] • [email p o ec ed]
Human Dimensions o he A c ic Sys em (HARC) • www.a cus.o g/ha c
Web-based Wo kshops o HARC In es iga o s
To acili a e in e disciplina y discussion and de elopmen o HARC esea ch
hemes, he HARC Science Managemen O ice (see page 8) is planning h ee
web-based wo kshops as an inno a i e and con enien way o esea che s om di e -
en disciplines o discuss aspec s o human dimensions esea ch. Each wo kshop will be
ac i e a ound he clock o one week and is open o anyone who wishes o pa icipa e:
• A c ic Wea he : Implica ions o changing wea he pa e ns in he A c ic
5-9 No embe 2001 Mode a o s: John Walsh and Hen y Hun ing on
• No he n T eeline: Loca ion o he a c ic eeline and i s implica ions o humans
26-30 No embe 2001 Mode a o s: Saka i Kankaanpaa and F ans Wielgolaski
• Sea Ice: E ec s o sea ice changes on coas al communi ies
3-7 Decembe 2001 Mode a o s: Jim Maslanik and Igo K upnik
De ailed announcemen s will be dissemina ed h ough A c ic In o ( o subsc ibe,
see www.a cus.o g/a c icin o/ _subsc ip ion.h ml) and on he HARC web si e (h p://
www.a cus.o g/ha c). Th ough hese and subsequen wo kshops, he SMO hopes o
help he esea ch communi y iden i y impo an ques ions abou human dimensions in
he A c ic and build collabo a i e and c ea i e app oaches o answe ing hem.
Publica ions
ARCUS Add esses Au umn 2001
Published by he A c ic Resea ch Conso ium o he Uni ed S a es • 3535 College Road • Sui e 101 • Fai banks, AK 99709
Hen y P. Hun ing on, P esiden
Hun ing on Consul ing
23834 The Clea ing D i e
Eagle Ri e , AK 99577
Phone: 907/696-3564 • Fax: 907/696-3565
[email p o ec ed]
Lilian Alessa
Depa men o Biology
Uni e si y o Alaska Ancho age
3211 P o idence D i e
Ancho age, AK 99508
Phone: 907/786-1507 • Fax: 907/786-4607
[email p o ec ed] • www.uaa.alaska.edu
Raymond S. B adley
Depa men o Geosciences
Uni e si y o Massachuse s
Mo ill Science Cen e
Campus Box 35820
Amhe s , MA 01003-5820
Phone: 413/545-2120 • Fax: 413/545-1200
[email p o ec ed] • www.umass.edu
Ha ald Gaski
Facul y o Humani ies–Depa men o Sámi
Uni e si y o T omsø
N-9037 T omsø, No way
Phone: +47/7764-4259 • Fax: +47/7764-4239
[email p o ec ed] • www.ui .no
Taqulik Hepa
Depa men o Wildli e Managemen
No h Slope Bo ough
PO Box 69
Ba ow, AK 99723
Phone: 907/852-0350 • Fax: 907/852-0351
[email p o ec ed]
Da id R. Klein
Ins i u e o A c ic Biology
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 757020
Fai banks, AK 99775-7020
Phone: 907/474-6674 • Fax: 907/474-6967
[email p o ec ed] • www.ua .edu
Daniel H. Mann, T easu e
Ins i u e o A c ic Biology
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 757000
Fai banks, AK 99775-7000
Phone: 907/474-2419 • Fax: 907/474-6967
[email p o ec ed] • www.ua .edu
Wieslaw Maslowski, Execu i e Commi ee
Depa men o Oceanog aphy-Code OC/Ma
Na al Pos g adua e School
833 Dye Road, Room 331
Mon e ey, CA 93943-5122
Phone: 831/656-3162 • Fax: 831/656-2712
[email p o ec ed] • www.nps.na y.mil
Michael J. Re elle, Sec e a y
Depa men o Geology
Ba es College
44 Campus A enue
Lewis on, ME 04240
Phone: 207/786-6155 • Fax: 207/786-8334
[email p o ec ed] • www.ba es.edu
ARCUS Boa d o Di ec o s
Ma k C. Se eze
CIRES/Na ional Snow & Ice Da a Cen e
Uni e si y o Colo ado Boulde
Campus Box 216
Boulde , CO 80309-0449
Phone: 303/492-2963 • Fax: 303/492-1149
[email p o ec ed] •
www.colo ado.edu
John E. Walsh
Depa men o A mosphe ic Sciences
Uni e si y o Illinois-U bana
105 S. G ego y A enue
U bana, IL 61801
Phone: 217/333-7521 • Fax: 217/244-4393
[email p o ec ed] • www.uiuc.edu
Pa icia A. Wheele , Execu i e Commi ee
College o Oceanic & A mosphe ic Sciences
O egon S a e Uni e si y
104 Ocean Admin Building
Co allis, OR 97331-5503
Phone: 541/737-0558 • Fax: 541/737-2064
[email p o ec ed] • www.o s .edu
Be na d D. Zak
En i onmen al Cha ac e iza ion & Moni o ing
Sys ems Depa men
Sandia Na ional Labo a o ies
PO Box 5800
Albuque que, NM 87185-0755
Phone: 505/845-8631 • Fax: 505/844-0116
[email p o ec ed] • www.sandia.go
ARCUS Membe Ins i u ions, Rep esen a i es, and Al e na es
Alaska No h Slope Bo ough
Depa men o Wildli e Managemen
www.co.no h-slope.ak.us
Thomas A. Albe
Depa men o Wildli e Managemen
No h Slope Bo ough
PO Box 69
Ba ow, AK 99723
Phone: 907/852-0350 • Fax: 907/852-0351
[email p o ec ed]
A izona S a e Uni e si y
www.asu.edu
An hony J. B azel
Depa men o Geog aphy
A izona S a e Uni e si y
PO Box 870104
Tempe, AZ 85287-0104
Phone: 480/965-6436 • Fax: 480/965-8313
[email p o ec ed]
Ba es College
www.ba es.edu
William G. Amb ose
Biology Depa men
Ba es College
44 Campus A enue
Lewis on, ME 04240
Phone: 207/786-6114 • Fax: 207/786-6123
[email p o ec ed]
B own Uni e si y
www.b own.edu
Douglas D. Ande son
Depa men o An h opology
B own Uni e si y
PO Box 1921
P o idence, RI 02912
Phone: 401/863-7060 • Fax: 401/863-7588
[email p o ec ed]
The Cen e o No he n S udies
S e en Young
The Cen e o No he n S udies
479 C oss Road
Wolco , VT 05680-4088
Phone: 802/888-4331 • Fax: 802/888-3969
[email p o ec ed]
S e en Cox
add ess same as S e en Young
Phone: 802/888-4331 • Fax: 802/888-3969
[email p o ec ed]
Cold Regions Resea ch &
Enginee ing Labo a o y
www.c el.usace.a my.mil
Deb a Meese
Snow & Ice Di ision
Cold Regions Resea ch &
Enginee ing Labo a o y
72 Lyme Road
Hano e , NH 03755-1290
Phone: 603/646-4594 • Fax: 603/646-4644
[email p o ec ed]
Wal e (Te y) Tucke , III
add ess same as Deb a Meese
Phone: 603/646-4268 • Fax: 603/646-4644
[email p o ec ed]
Da mou h College
www.da mou h.edu
O an R. Young
Ins i u e o A c ic S udies
Da mou h College
6214 Fai child
Hano e , NH 03755-3517
Phone: 603/646-1278 • Fax: 603/646-1279
[email p o ec ed]
Ross A. Vi ginia
En i onmen al S udies P og am
Da mou h College
6182 S eele Hall
Hano e , NH 03755-3577
Phone: 603/646-1456 • Fax: 603/646-1682
[email p o ec ed]
(con inued nex page)

ARCUS • 907/474-1600 • Fax 907/474-1604 • [email p o ec ed] • www.a cus.o g
ARCUS Add esses Au umn 2001
ARCUS Membe Ins i u ions, Rep esen a i es, and Al e na es
(con inued)
Dese Resea ch Ins i u e
www.d i.edu
Randy Bo ys
S o m Peak Labo a o y
Dese Resea ch Ins i u e
PO Box 770799
S eamboa Sp ings, CO 80477-0799
Phone: 970/879-8796 • Fax: 970/879-7819
[email p o ec ed]
Joseph R. McConnell
Wa e Resou ces Di ision
Dese Resea ch Ins i u e
2215 Raggio Pa kway
Reno, NV 89512
Phone: 775/673-7348 • Fax: 775/673-7363
[email p o ec ed]
Emb y-Riddle Ae onau ical Uni e si y
www.e au.edu
Gulamabas G. Si jee
Physical Sciences Depa men
Emb y-Riddle Ae onau ical Uni e si y
600 S. Clyde Mo is Boule a d
Day ona Beach, FL 32114-3900
Phone: 904/226-6711 • Fax: 904/226-6713
[email p o ec ed]
John J. Oli e o
add ess same as Gulamabas G. Si jee
Phone: 904/226-6709 • Fax: 904/226-6713
[email p o ec ed]
Iøisaå ik College
h p://ilisag ik.co.no h-slope.ak.us
F ank Willingham
Iøisaå ik College
PO Box 749
Ba ow, AK 99723-0749
Phone: 907/852-1818 • Fax: 907/852-1805
[email p o ec ed]
Lamon -Dohe y Ea h Obse a o y
o Columbia Uni e si y
www.ldeo.columbia.edu
William M. Sme hie
Lamon -Dohe y Ea h Obse a o y
o Columbia Uni e si y
PO Box 1000
Palisades, NY 10964-8000
Phone: 845/365-8566 • Fax: 845/365-8155
[email p o ec ed]
James R. Coch an
add ess same as William M. Sme hie
Phone: 845/365-8396 • Fax: 845/365-8179
[email p o ec ed]
Louisiana S a e Uni e si y
www.lsu.edu
H. Jesse Walke
Depa men o Geog aphy & An h opology
Louisiana S a e Uni e si y
Ba on Rouge, LA 70803-4105
Phone: 225/388-6130 • Fax: 225/388-4420
[email p o ec ed]
(con inued nex column)
Geo ge M. S ain
Resea ch & G adua e S udies
Louisiana S a e Uni e si y
Ba on Rouge, LA 70803-4105
Phone: 225/388-5833 • Fax: 225/388-5983
[email p o ec ed]
Ma ine Biological Labo a o y
www.mbl.edu
B uce J. Pe e son
The Ecosys ems Cen e
Ma ine Biological Labo a o y
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Phone: 508/289-7484 • Fax: 508/457-1548
[email p o ec ed]
Knu e Nadelho e
add ess same as B uce J. Pe e son
Phone: 508/289-7493 • Fax: 508/457-1548
[email p o ec ed]
Michigan S a e Uni e si y
www.msu.edu
Pa ick J. Webbe
Depa men o Bo any & Plan Pa hology
Michigan S a e Uni e si y
100 N. Kedzie Hall
Eas Lansing, MI 48824-1031
Phone: 517/355-1284 • Fax: 517/432-2150
[email p o ec ed]
Robe D. Hollis e
add ess same as Pa ick J. Webbe
Phone: 517/432-2399 • Fax: 517/432-2150
[email p o ec ed]
No he n Illinois Uni e si y
www.niu.edu
Ross D. Powell
Depa men o Geology
No he n Illinois Uni e si y
312 Da is Hall
DeKalb, IL 60115-2854
Phone: 815/753-7952 • Fax: 815/753-1945
[email p o ec ed]
The Ohio S a e Uni e si y
www.acs.ohio-s a e.edu
W. Be y Lyons
By d Pola Resea ch Cen e
The Ohio S a e Uni e si y
1090 Ca mack Road
Columbus, OH 43210-1002
Phone: 614/688-3241 • Fax: 614/292-4697
[email p o ec ed]
O egon S a e Uni e si y
www.o s .edu
Timo hy Boyd
College o Oceanic & A mosphe ic Sciences
O egon S a e Uni e si y
104 Ocean Admin Building
Co allis, OR 97331-5503
Phone: 541/737-4035 • Fax: 541/737-2064
[email p o ec ed]
E elyn B. She
add ess same as Timo hy Boyd
Phone: 541/737-4369 • Fax: 541/737-2064
[email p o ec ed]
San Diego S a e Uni e si y
www.sdsu.edu
W. Timo hy Hushen
San Diego S a e Uni e si y Founda ion—
Resea ch Managemen
San Diego S a e Uni e si y
5250 Campanile D i e
San Diego, CA 92182
Phone: 619/594-4102 • Fax: 619/582-9164
[email p o ec ed]
Douglas A. S ow
Depa men o Geog aphy
San Diego S a e Uni e si y
5500 Campanile D i e
San Diego, CA 92182-4493
Phone: 619/594-5498 • Fax: 619/594-4938
[email p o ec ed]
Sandia Na ional Labo a o ies
www.sandia.go
Wayne Ein eld
En i onmen al Cha ac e iza ion & Moni o ing
Sys ems Depa men
Sandia Na ional Labo a o ies
PO Box 5800
Albuque que, NM 87185-0755
Phone: 505/845-8314 • Fax: 505/844-0116
[email p o ec ed]
Smi hsonian Ins i u ion
www.si.edu
A on L. C owell
Ancho age Museum o His o y & A
Smi hsonian A c ic S udies Cen e
Smi hsonian Ins i u ion
121 W. 7 h A enue
Ancho age, AK 99501
Phone: 907/343-6162 • Fax: 907/343-6130
[email p o ec ed]
SRI In e na ional
www.s i.com
John D. Kelly
Ionosphe ic & Space Physics G oup
SRI In e na ional
333 Ra enswood A enue
Menlo Pa k, CA 94025
Phone: 650/859-3749 • Fax: 650/322-2318
[email p o ec ed]
Je Thaye
Enginee ing & Sys ems Di ision
SRI In e na ional
333 Ra enswood A enue, Mails op G-275
Menlo Pa k, CA 94025
Phone: 650/859-3557 • Fax: 650/322-2318
[email p o ec ed]
(con inued nex page)
ARCUS Add esses Au umn 2001
Published by he A c ic Resea ch Conso ium o he Uni ed S a es • 3535 College Road • Sui e 101 • Fai banks, AK 99709
ARCUS Membe Ins i u ions, Rep esen a i es, and Al e na es
(con inued)
Texas A&M Uni e si y
www. amu.edu
Da id A. B ooks
College o Geosciences
Texas A&M Uni e si y
3148 CAMPUS
College S a ion, TX 77845-3148
Phone: 979/845-3651 • Fax: 979/845-0056
[email p o ec ed]
Mahlon C. Kennicu
Geochemical & En i onmen al Resea ch G oup
Texas A&M Uni e si y
833 G aham Road
College S a ion, TX 77845
Phone: 979/862-2323 • Fax: 979/862-2361
[email p o ec ed]
Uni e si y o Alaska Ancho age
www.uaa.alaska.edu
Kim M. Pe e son
Depa men o Biological Sciences
Uni e si y o Alaska Ancho age
3211 P o idence D i e
Ancho age, AK 99508
Phone: 907/786-4772 • Fax: 907/786-4607
[email p o ec ed]
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
www.ua .edu
Roge W. Ruess
Ins i u e o A c ic Biology
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 757000
Fai banks, AK 99775-7000
Phone: 907/474-7153 • Fax: 907/474-6967
[email p o ec ed]
Ted DeLaca
O ice o A c ic Resea ch
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 757560
Fai banks, AK 99775-7560
Phone: 907/474-7314 • Fax: 907/474-1836
[email p o ec ed]
Uni e si y o Colo ado
www.colo ado.edu
Rudy J. Dich l
CIRES/NSIDC
Uni e si y o Colo ado
Campus Box 449
Boulde , CO 80309-0449
Phone: 303/492-5532 • Fax: 303/492-2468
[email p o ec ed]
Uni e si y o Massachuse s
www.umass.edu
Julie B igham-G e e
Depa men o Geosciences
Uni e si y o Massachuse s
Mo ill Science Cen e
Campus Box 35820
Amhe s , MA 01003-5820
Phone: 413/545-4840 • Fax: 413/545-1200
[email p o ec ed]
Uni e si y o Miami
www.miami.edu
Pe e J. Minne
Rosens iel School o Ma ine &
A mosphe ic Science
Uni e si y o Miami
4600 Rickenbacke Causeway
Miami, FL 33149
Phone: 305/361-4104 • Fax: 305/361-4622
[email p o ec ed]
Za e Top
add ess same as Pe e J. Minne
Phone: 305/361-4110 • Fax: 305/361-4911
[email p o ec ed]
Uni e si y o Neb aska-Lincoln
www.unl.edu
Ka l C. Kui inen
Snow & Ice Resea ch G oup
Uni e si y o Neb aska-Lincoln
2255 W. S ee , Sui e 101
Lincoln, NE 68583-0850
Phone: 402/472-9833 • Fax: 402/472-9832
[email p o ec ed]
Clin on M. Rowe
Depa men o Geosciences
Uni e si y o Neb aska-Lincoln
Bessey Hall, Room 305C
Lincoln, NE 68588-0340
Phone: 402/472-1946 • Fax: 402/472-4917
[email p o ec ed]
Uni e si y o New Hampshi e
www.unh.edu
Da id Ba le
Ins i u e o he S udy o Ea h, Oceans, & Space
Uni e si y o New Hampshi e
Mo se Hall
39 College Road
Du ham, NH 03824-3525
Phone: 603/862-0322 • Fax: 603/862-1915
[email p o ec ed]
Be ien Moo e, III
add ess same as Da id Ba le
Phone: 603/862-1766 • Fax: 603/862-0188
[email p o ec ed]
Uni e si y o Washing on
www.washing on.edu
Ronald S. Sle en
Qua e na y Resea ch Cen e
Uni e si y o Washing on
Box 351360
Sea le, WA 98195-1360
Phone: 206/543-0571 • Fax: 206/543-3836
[email p o ec ed]
Jody W. Deming
School o Oceanog aphy
Uni e si y o Washing on
Box 357940
Sea le, WA 98195
Phone: 206/543-0845 • Fax: 206/543-0275
[email p o ec ed]
Uni e si y o Wisconsin-Madison
www.wisc.edu
James G. Bockheim
Depa men o Soil Science
Uni e si y o Wisconsin-Madison
1525 Obse a o y D i e
Madison, WI 53706-1299
Phone: 608/263-5903 • Fax 608/265-2595
[email p o ec ed]
Woods Hole Oceanog aphic Ins i u ion
www.whoi.edu
And ey P oshu insky
Physical Oceanog aphy Depa men
Woods Hole Oceanog aphic Ins i u ion
Mail S op 29
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Phone: 508/289-2796 • Fax: 508/457-2181
[email p o ec ed]
Susumu Honjo
Woods Hole Oceanog aphic Ins i u ion
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Phone: 508/540-1162 • Fax: 508/540-9439
[email p o ec ed]
ARCUS In e na ional A ilia es
Al ed Wegene Ins i u e o Pola &
Ma ine Resea ch
www.awi-b eme ha en.de
Jö n Thiede
Al ed Wegene Ins i u e o Pola & Ma ine Re-
sea ch
Columbuss asse
D-27568 B eme ha en, Ge many
Phone: +49/471-4831-1100
Fax: +49/471-4831-1102
[email p o ec ed]
Raine Paulenz
add ess, phone & ax same as Jö n Thiede
[email p o ec ed]
Associa ion o Canadian Uni e si ies
o No he n S udies (ACUNS)
h p://aix1.uo awa.ca/associa ions/aucen-acuns
Pe e G. Johnson
Geog aphy Depa men
Uni e si y o O awa
PO Box 450, S a ion A
O awa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
Phone: 613/562-5800 ex . 1061
Fax: 613/562-5145
[email p o ec ed] • [email p o ec ed]
Ma ga e E. Johns on
School o Ou doo Rec ea ion, Pa ks, & Tou ism
Lakehead Uni e si y
955 Oli e Road
Thunde Bay, ON P7B 5E1 Canada
Phone: 807/343-8377 • Fax: 807/346-7836
[email p o ec ed]
(con inued nex page)
ARCUS Add esses
ARCUS • 907/474-1600 • Fax 907/474-1604 • [email p o ec ed] • www.a cus.o g
ARCUS In e na ional A ilia es
(con inued)
GEOMAR Resea ch Cen e o Ma ine
Geosciences
www.geoma .de
Heidema ie Kassens
Depa men o Paleoceanog aphy
GEOMAR Resea ch Cen e o Ma ine
Geosciences
Wischho s asse 1-3, Geb 4
D-24148 Kiel, Ge many
Phone: +49/431-6002-850
Fax: +49/431-6002-941
[email p o ec ed]
McGill Uni e si y
www.mcgill.ca
Ma ianne S enbaek
Cul u al S udies Depa men
McGill Uni e si y
853 She b ooke S ee
Mon eal, QC H3A 2T6 Canada
Phone: 514/398-6579 • Fax: 514/398-8146
[email p o ec ed]
No wegian Pola Ins i u e
www.npola .no
Ola O heim
Pola En i onmen al Cen e
No wegian Pola Ins i u e
Pola miljøsen e e
N-9296 T omsø, No way
Phone: +47/7775-0620 • Fax: +47/7775-0501
[email p o ec ed]
(con inued nex column)
Pål P es ud
Resea ch Depa men
No wegian Pola Ins i u e
Pola miljøsen e e
N-9296 T omsø, No way
Phone: +47/7775-0530 • Fax: +47/7775-0501
[email p o ec ed]
Sco Pola Resea ch Ins i u e
www.sp i.cam.ac.uk
Kei h S. Richa ds
Sco Pola Resea ch Ins i u e
Uni e si y o Camb idge
Lens ield Road
CB2 1ER Camb idge UK
Phone: +44/1223-336-579
Fax: +44/1223-336-549
[email p o ec ed]
William J. Mills
add ess same as Kei h S. Richa ds
Phone: +44/1223-336-557
Fax: +44/1223-336-549
[email p o ec ed]
The Uni e si y Cou ses on S alba d
www.unis.no
Lasse Lønnum
The Uni e si y Cou ses on S alba d
PO Box 156
N-9171 Longyea byen, No way
Phone: +47/7902-3305 • Fax: +47/7902-3301
[email p o ec ed]
(con inued nex column)
T ond Dokken
Depa men o Geology
add ess same as Lasse Lønnum
Phone: +47/7902-3331 • Fax: +47/7902-3301
[email p o ec ed]
Uni e si y o No he n B i ish Columbia
www.unbc.ca
Ke in Hall
Geog aphy P og am
Uni e si y o No he n B i ish Columbia
3333 Uni e si y Way
P ince Geo ge, BC V2N 4Z9 Canada
Phone: 250/960-5864 • Fax: 250/960-5538
[email p o ec ed]
Ka he ine Pa ke
Fo es y P og am
add ess same as Ke in Hall
Phone: 250/960-5812 • Fax: 250/960-5539
[email p o ec ed]
Uni e si y o T omsø
www.ui .no
Ing ild B och
Resea ch Depa men
Uni e si y o T omsø
N-9037 T omsø, No way
Phone: +47/7764-4262 • Fax: +47/7764-4900
[email p o ec ed]
F i s N. Jensen
Roald Amundsen Cen e o A c ic Resea ch
add ess same as Ing ild B och
Phone: +47/7764-5240 • Fax: +47/7767-6672
[email p o ec ed]
Pe e Schlosse , Co-chai
Lamon -Dohe y Ea h Obse a o y
Columbia Uni e si y
PO Box 1000
61 Rou e 9 W.
Palisades, NY 10964-8000
Phone: 914/365-8707 • Fax: 914/365-8155
[email p o ec ed]
Te y Tucke , Co-chai
Snow & Ice Di ision
Cold Regions Resea ch & Enginee ing Labo a o y
72 Lyme Road
Hano e , NH 03755-1290
Phone: 603/646-4268 • Fax: 603/646-4644
[email p o ec ed]
Julie B igham-G e e
Depa men o Geosciences
Uni e si y o Massachuse s
Mo ill Science Cen e
Campus Box 35820
Amhe s , MA 01003-5820
Phone: 413/545-4840 • Fax: 413/545-1200
[email p o ec ed]
Jack Dibb
Glacie Resea ch G oup
Uni e si y o New Hampshi e
Mo se Hall
39 College Road
Du ham, NH 03824-3525
Phone: 603/862-3063 • Fax: 603/862-2124
[email p o ec ed]
Jack K use
Depa men o Geosciences
Uni e si y o Massachuse s
117 N. Le e e Road
Le e e , MA 01054
Phone: 413/367-2240 • Fax: 413/367-0092
[email p o ec ed]
Miles McPhee
450 Clo e Sp ings Road
Naches, WA 98937
Phone: 509/658-2575 • Fax: 509/658-2575
[email p o ec ed]
C aig Nicolson
Depa men o Na u al Resou ces Conse a ion
Uni e si y o Massachuse s
PO Box 34210
Amhe s , MA 01003-4210
Phone: 413/545-3154 • Fax: 413/545-4358
[email p o ec ed]
ARCUS A c ic Resea ch Suppo and Logis ics Wo king G oup
Roge W. Smi h
Geophysical Ins i u e
Uni e si y o Alaska Fai banks
PO Box 757320
Fai banks, AK 99775-7320
Phone: 907/474-7416 • Fax: 907/474-5882
[email p o ec ed]
Ma hew S u m
Cold Regions Resea ch & Enginee ing Labo a o y
PO Box 35170
F . Wainw igh , AK 99703-0170
Phone: 907/353-5183 • Fax: 907/353-5142
[email p o ec ed]
Taneil U al
Depa men o Rada Me eo ology &
Oceanog aphy
En i onmen al Resea ch Labo a o y
Na ional Oceanic & A mosphe ic Adminis a ion
(NOAA)—R/E/ET6
325 Sou h B oadway
Boulde , CO 80303
Phone: 303/497-6181 • Fax: 303/497-6978
[email p o ec ed]