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Explo a ion o inal-yea nu sing s uden s’ expe iences om he nu sing
managemen in e nship cou se: A quali a i e s udy
Khadijeh Nasi i1, Rasoul Taba i Khomei an1, Fa eme Ja a aghaee 1 , Zah a Tahe i Ezba ami 2 ,
Abdolhosien Emami Siga oudi5*
1Depa men o Medical-Su gical Nu sing, School o Nu sing and Midwi e y, Guilan Uni e si y o Medical Sciences. Rash . I an
2Depa men o Pedia ics Nu sing, School o Nu sing and Midwi e y, Guilan Uni e si y o Medical Sciences. Rash . I an
3Depa men o Communi y Heal h, School o Nu sing and Midwi e y, Guilan Uni e si y o Medical Sciences. Rash . I an
A icle in o Abs ac
In oduc ion
The p ima y mission o nu sing educa ion p og ams is o
ain compe en nu ses wi h he knowledge and skills
necessa y o p o ide high-quali y nu sing ca e and
main ain and p omo e communi y heal h [1]. Nu sing
educa ion is a pa o he highe educa ion sys em ha
deals wi h human li e, and paying a en ion o i s a ious
aspec s is pa icula ly impo an [2]. Nu sing educa ion
comp ises wo complemen a y pa s: heo e ical and
clinical educa ion [3]. Clinical p ac ice is a i al and
insepa able aspec o nu sing lea ning [4] and p o ides a
unique oppo uni y o s uden s o encoun e and
expe ience he complexi ies and eali ies o pa ien ca e
[5]. Du ing hei ou -yea educa ion, in addi ion o
heo e ical cou ses, nu sing s uden s mus comple e
many p ac ical cou ses, mos ly clinical in e nships, in
eal en i onmen s o gain he necessa y p epa a ion o
wo k in hese en i onmen s [6]. In I an, he in e nship
p og am was implemen ed as an inno a ion in he
nu sing educa ion s uc u e o imp o e he quali y o
nu sing educa ion and p o ide clinical se ices, and
p o iding a comp ehensi e and communi y-o ien ed
app oach o nu sing since 1992 and cu en ly, s uden s in
he las yea o hei bachelo 's deg ee en e he
in e nship cou se [7]. Nu ses play a i al ole in
A icle his o y:
Recei ed 27 Jan. 2025
Accep ed 23 Ap . 2025
Published 13 Jul. 2025
Nasi i e al. J Med Edu De . 2025; 18(2): 113-120 Jou nal o Medical Educa ion De elopmen
Backg ound & Objec i e: Clinical educa ion is a undamen al pa o nu sing educa ion.
Managemen 's ole in nu sing is i al and is closely ela ed o he quali y o ca e in medical
cen e s. The p esen s udy was conduc ed o explain he expe iences o inal-yea nu sing
s uden s om he nu sing managemen in e nship cou se.
Ma e ials & Me hods: The p esen s udy is a con en ional con en analysis s udy conduc ed
wi h he pa icipa ion o 18 inal-yea nu sing s uden s. Da a collec ion was done h ough semi-
s uc u ed in e iews. The in e iews we e ansc ibed e ba im and analyzed using MAXQDA
so wa e e sion 2020, om which hemes we e induc i ely ex ac ed. Da a analysis led o he
ex ac ion o wo hemes and se en ca ego ies.
Resul s: The i s heme was guiding expe iences, which included i e ca ego ies o
p o essional communica ion p ac ice: s eng hening eamwo k skills, unde s anding mul iple
oles, unde s anding legal aspec s, and enhancing pe sonal de elopmen . The second heme was
obs acles and expe iences, which included wo ca ego ies: unde s anding wo k s ess and an
inapp op ia e o ganiza ional a mosphe e.
Conclusion: Acco ding o he indings o he p esen s udy, passing he nu sing managemen
in e nship cou se can lead o he o ma ion o a eal pe cep ion o he asks and esponsibili ies
o he nu sing p o ession in s uden s. These pe cep ions can ei he s eng hen o weaken
s uden s' p o essional ou looks. The e o e, he indings o his s udy can be aluable in
designing nu sing in e nships.
Keywo ds: s uden s, nu sing, in e nship, nu sing ca e managemen , quali a i e s udy
*Co esponding au ho :
Abdolhosien Emami Siga oudi,
Depa men o Communi y Heal h,
School o Nu sing and Midwi e y,
Guilan Uni e si y o Medical
Sciences. Rash . I an.
Email: [email protected]
O iginal A icle
How o ci e his a icle:
Nasi i Kh, Taba i Khomei an R,
Ja a aghaee F, Tahe i Ezba ami Z,
Emami Siga oudi A. Explo a ion o
inal-yea nu sing s uden s’
expe iences om he nu sing
managemen in e nship cou se: A
quali a i e s udy. J Med Edu De .
2025; 18(2): 113-120.
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114 Jou nal o Medical Educa ion De elopmen ¦ Volume 18 ¦ Issue 2 ¦ 2025
implemen ing his plan and acili a ing he lea ning
p ocess o nu sing s uden s [8]. Collabo a ing wi h
knowledgeable and suppo i e nu ses can help educe
nu sing s uden s' s ess le els in he clinical lea ning
en i onmen [9]. On he o he hand, nu ses' nega i e
a i ude and beha iou hinde s s uden s' lea ning in he
clinical en i onmen [10]. Nu ses make a huge
di e ence in he lea ning expe ience o nu sing s uden s
and ha e a p o ound impac on hem [11]. A quali a i e
s udy in Tab iz showed ha educa ional, communica ion,
and psychological ac o s a e impo an in es ablishing
ela ionships be ween s uden s and nu ses. Sel -
con idence was epo ed o be he mos impo an ac o
in es ablishing such a ela ionship [12]. The esul s o
Rebei o's sys ema ic e iew showed ha insu icien
ime and educa ional ma e ials a e he main ac o s in
poo communica ion be ween nu sing s uden s and
nu ses [13]. One o he sec ions in nu sing in e nships is
nu sing managemen , a c ucial ole ha nu sing s uden s
will encoun e a e g adua ion [14]. Nu sing
managemen is no a i ial esponsibili y; i is i al and
closely linked o he quali y o ca e p o ided in
heal hca e se ings [15]. The e o e, he nu sing se ice
managemen in e nship cou se is pa icula ly impo an
due o i s leade ship ole in clinical nu sing ac i i ies
[16]. Some lea ning ac i i ies in clinical educa ion will
inc ease managemen and leade ship skills in nu sing
s uden s, which will imp o e he p o ision o nu sing
ca e and achie e he goals o heal hca e o ganiza ions.
By comple ing he managemen cou se, hey can play a
success ul ole in oday's complex heal hca e sys em
[17]. The esul s o a mixed s udy by Meh aban e al.
showed ha s uden s o en became e y skilled in
pe o ming ou ine ac i i ies such as w i ing daily
epo s, hando e s, and wa d o a ions. S ill, hey had
li le skill in speci ic and non- ecu ing ac i i ies such as
mon hly eques s o needed equipmen and pa icipa ion
in aining o nu sing s a . In he quali a i e sec ion,
wo ca ego ies o lea ning expe iences ( i e
subca ego ies o o ganiza ion, coo dina ion, con ol,
cogni ion and planning, and eco ding and epo ing) and
in e nship p oblems ( h ee dimensions o p oblems
ela ed o he ins uc o , na u e o he in e nship, and
in e nship en i onmen ) we e ob ained [18]. Despi e he
signi icance o he nu sing managemen in e nship
cou se o nu sing s uden s' p o essional compe ence and
ca ee success, e y ew s udies ha e been conduc ed on
he opic. Addi ionally, while bo h ins uc o s and nu ses
play a ole in his in e nship, he absence o an ins uc o
wi h he s uden s and he a ied na u e o managemen
asks augh by nu ses in di e en wa ds p esen a
signi ican challenge o nu sing s uden s. The e o e, i
is essen ial o explo e he expe iences and pe cep ions o
nu sing s uden s, as hey a e he p ima y pa icipan s in
his in e nship. Gi en ou limi ed knowledge, quali a i e
esea ch is pa icula ly sui able o his si ua ion, as i
ocuses on unde s anding and explo ing a he han
simply explaining o manipula ing a iables [19, 20].
Conside ing he impo ance o nu sing managemen
educa ion and he limi a ions o s udies in his ield, he
p esen s udy was conduc ed o explain he expe iences
o inal-yea nu sing s uden s om he nu sing
managemen in e nship cou se in 2024.
Ma e ials & Me hods
Design and se ing(s)
The p esen s udy is a quali a i e esea ch p ojec
employing a con en ional con en analysis app oach,
conduc ed om May 1, 2024, o No embe 30, 2024.
Con en analysis is a quali a i e esea ch me hod used o
classi y wo ds and ph ases wi hin ex . I desc ibes he
con en ob ained om communica ions sys ema ically
and objec i ely [21]. The e o e, in he p esen s udy,
using his me hod, indi iduals' pe cep ions and
beha iou s in he eal wo ld we e examined in dep h, and
he phenomenon was desc ibed.
Pa icipan s and sampling
The pa icipan s included 18 unde g adua e nu sing
s uden s om Shahid Behesh i School o Nu sing and
Midwi e y in Rash who had expe ience in comple ing
an in e nship cou se in nu sing managemen . Pu posi e
sampling was employed o achie e maximum a ia ion
in cha ac e is ics such as age, p o essional in e es ,
gende , and g ade poin a e age, p o iding he
esea che wi h mo e comp ehensi e insigh s in o
s uden s' unde s anding o wo king wi h nu ses. The
inclusion c i e ia o he s udy included eigh h-semes e
unde g adua e nu sing s uden s comple ing a
managemen in e nship cou se and desi ing o
pa icipa e.
Da a collec ion me hods
Da a collec ion was conduc ed h ough semi-s uc u ed
in e iews ha las ed 20 o 40 minu es a e explaining
he s udy objec i es and ob aining in o med consen
om he pa icipan s. The in e iew began wi h gene al
guiding ques ions om he esea che , ollowed by
cla i ying ques ions (such as "Why?" "How?" and
"When?") based on he con en and expe iences sha ed
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Jou nal o Medical Educa ion De elopmen ¦ Volume 18 ¦ Issue 2 ¦ 2025 115
by he pa icipan s. Addi ionally, he in e iews we e
eco ded wi h he pa icipan 's consen and ansc ibed
e ba im. The in e iews we e conduc ed indi idually in
he quie se ings o he educa ional class ooms a
Pou sina and Razi hospi als in Rash . The in e iew
began wi h he main ques ion, "Wha was i like wo king
wi h nu ses in he cou se?" and, as needed, p obing
ques ions such as "Can you explain u he ?" o "When
you say..., wha do you mean?" we e used o guide he
in e iew. Sampling con inued un il da a sa u a ion was
eached, meaning no new in o ma ion eme ged om
pa icipan s du ing he in e iews.
Da a analysis
Da a analysis was pe o med using he G aneheim
me hod [22] and simul aneously wi h da a collec ion.
Fi s , he in e iews we e yped wo d by wo d. Then, he
ex s we e e ead se e al imes, and he ini ial codes we e
ex ac ed. Simila codes we e placed in he same
ca ego y, hen mo e comp ehensi e ca ego ies we e
o med, and inally, he main hemes hidden in he da a
we e ex ac ed. In he p esen s udy, con en ional
con en analysis was pe o med using MAXQDA
so wa e e sion 2020 o analyze he da a.
Accu acy and us wo hiness
To ensu e he accu acy and eliabili y o he da a, he
Lincoln c i e ion was applied, which includes alidi y,
e i iabili y, ans e abili y, and dependabili y [23]. The
esea che engaged wi h he pa icipan s o e an
ex ended pe iod. A e ex ac ing he ini ial codes, hese
we e sha ed wi h he pa icipan s o ga he hei eedback
on he accu acy o he codes and in e p e a ions. I any
codes we e ound o be inconsis en wi h he pa icipan s'
iews, co ec ions we e made acco dingly. Also, wo
membe s o he scien i ic commi ee and expe s in he
ield o quali a i e esea ch used he con ol me hod, and
consensus was eached on he selec ed codes and
classi ica ions.
Resul s
The s udy's pu pose was o in e iew 18 inal-yea
nu sing s uden s, esul ing in he ex ac ion o 680 codes.
The pa icipan s had a mean age o 22.38 yea s, wi h a
s anda d de ia ion o ± 1.52. Twel e we e emale, and
six we e male. The demog aphic cha ac e is ics o he
s udy pa icipan s a e shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Demog aphic cha ac e is ics o s udy pa icipan s
Pa icipan numbe
Age
gende
Academic semes e
Ma iage s a us
Pa icipan 1
22
Male
8
Single
Pa icipan 2
23
Female
7
Single
Pa icipan 3
21
Male
8
Single
Pa icipan 4
25
Female
8
Ma ied
Pa icipan 5
22
Female
8
Single
Pa icipan 6
22
Male
7
Single
Pa icipan 7
23
Female
7
Single
Pa icipan 8
22
Female
8
Single
Pa icipan 9
21
Male
8
Single
Pa icipan 10
23
Female
8
Single
Pa icipan 11
22
Female
7
Single
Pa icipan 12
22
Male
8
Single
Pa icipan 13
26
Female
7
Ma ied
Pa icipan 14
21
Male
7
Single
Pa icipan 15
23
Female
8
Single
Pa icipan 16
22
Female
7
Single
Pa icipan 17
21
Male
8
Single
Pa icipan 18
22
Male
8
Single
Table 2 p esen s an example o how pa icipan s'
s a emen s we e induc i ely o ganized in o hemes,
ca ego ies, and subca ego ies.
The esul s o his s udy ega ding s uden s' pe cep ions
o he nu sing managemen in e nship e eal wo hemes
and se en ca ego ies. Some expe iences con ibu e
posi i ely o s uden s' p o essional de elopmen , while
o he s esul in s ess and unce ain y abou hei u u e
ca ee s (Table 3).
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116 Jou nal o Medical Educa ion De elopmen ¦ Volume 18 ¦ Issue 2 ¦ 2025
Table 2. Sample o hem, ca ego y, and Subca ego y and pa icipan s a emen
Them
Ca ego y
Subca ego ies
Pa icipan s a emen s (Example)
Obs acles
expe ienced
Unde s anding wo k s ess
-The impo ance o he legal aspec o nu sing wo k
-lea ning abou he legal aspec o nu ses' wo k
-Impo ance o documen a ion
"We el he challenges o nu sing mo e
acu ely han e e , gi en all he wo k
p essu e, coo dina ion, and
esponsibili y in ol ed..."
Inapp op ia e o ganiza ional
a mosphe e
-Fo ced labo imposed on s uden s
-Assigning non-nu sing wo k
-Inapp op ia e ea men o s uden s
-Fa o s o educa ion
-Taking b ibes o educa ion
-Coe cion and dis ega d o he ole o he s uden
-Assigning i ele an wo k and lack o e hics
-Blaming s uden s o mis akes
"I became e y us a ed when he
nu ses would blame hei wo kload on
he s uden s. I he e was an issue in he
wa d, hey would has ily accuse he
s uden s o ailing."
Table 3. Themes, ca ego ies, and concep ual codes ex ac ed om he da a
Themes
Ca ego ies
Subca ego ies
Guiding expe iences
P o essional communica ion p ac ice
-Communica ion wi h pa ien s
-Communica ion wi h doc o s
-Communica ion wi h nu ses
-Communica ion wi h o he pe sonnel
S eng hening eamwo k skills
-Two-way coope a ion and in e ac ion
-Teamwo k and di ision o labo
-Mu ual se ice
-Mu ual espec
-Inc easing he spi i o coope a ion and pa icipa ion
Unde s and mul iple oles
-The educa ional ole
-The consul ing ole
-The coo dina ing ole
-The manage ial ole
-Familia i y wi h he non
-Clinical aspec s o nu sing
-Nu ses as ole models o s uden s
-Empa hy wi h pa ien s
-Lea ning om nu ses' beha io
Unde s and legal aspec s
-The impo ance o he legal aspec o nu sing wo k
-lea ning abou he legal aspec o nu ses' wo k
-impo ance o documen a ion
Enhancing pe sonal de elopmen
-Inc easing job eadiness,
Speed o ac ion and ime managemen
-Feeling o independence and sel -con idence
-Inc easing in e es in he p o ession
-Ha ing a c i ical pe spec i e
-S eng hening wo k e hics and conscience
-Se iousness a he same ime since i y
Obs acles expe ienced
Unde s anding Wo k S ess
-Unde s anding he di icul y o he wo k
-Wo k discipline
-Labo sho age
-High wo k p essu e
-Gap be ween clinical and heo y
-Special aspec s o nu sing
-Unde s anding eal nu sing
-Unde s anding he ension and mo ale o nu ses
-Unde s anding he esponsibili y o nu sing
Inapp op ia e o ganiza ional
a mosphe e
-Fo ced labo imposed on s uden s
-Assigning non-nu sing wo k
-Inapp op ia e ea men o s uden s
-Fa o s o educa ion
-Taking b ibes o educa ion
-Coe cion and dis ega d o he ole o he s uden
-Assigning i ele an wo k and lack o e hics
-Blaming s uden s o mis akes
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Guiding expe iences
This heme includes he ollowing ca ego ies: 1-
P ac icing p o essional communica ion 2- S eng hening
eamwo k 3- Unde s anding ole di e si y 4-
Unde s anding legal aspec s 5- S eng hening pe sonal
de elopmen .
P o essional communica ion p ac ice
Nu sing Managemen In e nships and wo king wi h
nu ses lead nu sing s uden s o lea n and p ac ice
p o essional communica ion.
In his ega d, Pa icipan Numbe 4, a wo king emale
s udying in semes e 8, said: "Ano he hing was
communica ion. When I was in he wa d, I lea ned how
o communica e wi h he doc o s and he nu sing o ice."
Pa icipan numbe 8, a wo king emale s udying in
semes e 8, said: "… I hink my bes expe ience was he
abili y o communica e wi h s a , pa ien s and o he
wa ds, which was e y limi ed be o e his cou se, and we
only had con ac wi h he ins uc o …"
S eng hening eamwo k skills
Expe ience wo king as a eam wi h nu ses is one o he
ad an ages o a nu sing managemen in e nship, as he
pa icipan s men ioned.
Pa icipan numbe 5, a wo king emale s udying in
semes e 8, said: "... When I saw ha in a CPR ope a ion,
he wa d nu se was esponsible o he d ug he apy, he
nu se in he adjacen wa d was esponsible o he
Ca diac comp ession, and he anaes hesia eam wo ked
on he espi a o y sys em, he impo ance o di ision o
labou and eamwo k became clea o me..."
Unde s anding legal aspec s
The nu sing managemen In e nship has inc eased
s uden s' awa eness o he legal aspec s o he nu sing
p o ession. In his ega d, pa icipan numbe 3, a
wo king male s udying in semes e 8, said: "The nu ses
helped us a lo and augh us he legal aspec s o
nu sing."
Enhancing pe sonal de elopmen
The expe ience o wo king wi h nu ses has enhanced he
p ac ical and pe sonal skills o nu sing s uden s, which
will be ad an ageous o hei p o essional u u es. In
his ega d, s uden numbe 13, a wo king emale
s udying in semes e 7, said: "...One o he impo an
hings I lea ned was when I en e ed he wa d, which
asks o do i s and in wha o de o do hem so ha I
could inish he asks on ime..."
Obs acles expe ienced
This heme includes wo ca ego ies: 1- Pe cep ion o
wo k s ess and 2- Inapp op ia e o ganiza ional
a mosphe e.
Unde s anding wo k s ess
Wo king wi h nu ses in a eal en i onmen wi hou a
aine has led o an unde s anding o he wo king
condi ions o he nu sing p o ession. Pa icipan numbe
9, a wo king male s udying in semes e 8, said: "...I was
in a e y busy wa d wi h 26 pa ien s and wo nu ses, and
he nu ses had o do hei wo k e y quickly..."
Pa icipan numbe 11, a wo king emale s udying in
semes e 7, said: "... We el he ha dship o nu sing mo e
han be o e, all his wo k p essu e and coo dina ion and
esponsibili y..."
Pa icipan numbe 15, a wo king emale s udying in
semes e 8, said: "... One day, we we e in he supe iso 's
o ice, whe e he e was a lo o wo k, and i was di e en
om he wa d, and we saw a new and special aspec o
nu sing..."
Inapp op ia e o ganiza ional a mosphe e
Nu ses' mis ea men o s uden s in he wa ds, including
shi ing hei esponsibili ies on o he s uden s and
holding hem accoun able o mis akes, has led o
dissa is ac ion among s uden s in he nu sing
managemen cou se. Mo eo e , he educa ion p o ided
o s uden s is equen ly con ingen upon comple ing
clinical asks nu ses assign. Pa icipan numbe 6, a
wo king male s udying in semes e 7, said: "... I was e y
annoyed; he nu ses would blame hei wo k on he
s uden s, o i he e was a p oblem in he wa d, hey
would blame he s uden s and quickly say ha he
s uden s we e ailing.…" Pa icipan numbe 12, a
wo king male s udying in semes e 8, said: "….They
ga e me mos o he clinical wo k, and when I p o es ed
ha hey we e gi ing me managemen asks, hey said,
"You' e a s uden , and you ha e o do i ..." In o he
wo ds, hey we e o icially abusing me.…"
Discussion
The p esen s udy aims o explain he expe iences and
pe cep ions o inal-yea nu sing s uden s abou nu sing
managemen in e nship cou ses. The p esen s udy's
indings showed ha s uden s' unde s anding and
expe ience o nu sing managemen in e nship included
wo main hemes: 1. Guiding expe iences and 2.
Obs acles expe ienced.
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Ve y ew s udies ha e been conduc ed on nu sing
managemen in e nships. In I an, only a limi ed numbe
o s udies exis , which may be a ibu ed o a ia ions in
nu sing cu icula ac oss di e en coun ies. In some
cases, he nu sing managemen cou se may be absen
om he cu icula o o he na ions o p esen ed unde
di e en i les, making i challenging o conduc
ex ensi e compa isons wi h esul s om o he s udies.
The esul s o a quali a i e s udy by Rigobello e al. in
B azil [24], which aimed o explo e he pe cep ions o
s uden s, nu ses, and nu sing p o esso s ega ding he
Supe ised Cu icula In e nship (SCI) cou se—
seemingly equi alen o he nu sing managemen
in e nship cou se in I an—indica ed ha his cou se is
essen ial o acqui ing and de eloping managemen and
leade ship skills, as well as e ec i ely managing nu sing
esou ces and bu eauc a ic p ocesses. Also, in a s udy
conduc ed by Bah ami Rad [25] using quali a i e con en
analysis in I an, he p esence o s uden s on nigh shi s
and wo king alongside nu ses led o he ex ac ion o wo
main hemes: gaining new expe iences and s uden s'
wo k independence. The compa ison o he men ioned
s udies' indings wi h he p esen s udy's indings
indica es ha he esul s a e consis en . The p esence o
s uden s alongside nu ses in he absence o he ins uc o
helps hem gain p o essional compe ency and an
unde s anding o hei eal job si ua ion; in o he wo ds,
hese expe iences guide s uden s. The alue o high-
quali y clinical educa ion in os e ing pe sonal and
p o essional de elopmen and enhancing clinical nu sing
skills is undeniable [26]. Howe e , s uden s may also
ace ha m and bullying, which can con ibu e o
psychological eac ions ha lead o an in en ion o lea e
he nu sing p o ession [27]. Pa o he s uden 's
expe iences in he p esen s udy is he pe cep ion o wo k
s ess and inapp op ia e o ganiza ional a mosphe e.
P esence in clinical en i onmen s du ing in e nship
cou ses exposes nu sing s uden s o p o essional
challenges. One o he challenges iden i ied in a
quali a i e s udy conduc ed in Saudi A abia wi h inal-
yea nu sing s uden s was ha nu ses ins uc ed s uden s
o pe o m non-nu sing asks, aligning wi h he p esen
s udy's indings [28]. Addi ionally, Ahmadi's s udy [29]
in I an e ealed ha a lack o suppo and sho comings
in wel a e and p o essional iden i y pose challenges o
in e nships, which is also consis en wi h he indings o
his s udy. The esul s o he s udy by Rezakhani e al.
also showed ha inapp op ia e o ganiza ional
a mosphe e and inco ec social no ms, such as abuse o
s uden s and inapp op ia e beha iou owa ds hem, a e
he majo p oblems o s uden s in nu sing managemen
in e nships [30]. Blaming s uden s o e o s inwa ds,
o ced labou , and igno ing he ole o s uden s a e issues
ha s uden s men ioned in he p esen s udy. In his
ega d, he esul s o a quali a i e s udy showed ha
bullying and physical and psychological iolence agains
nu sing s uden s occu in clinical en i onmen s, which
equi es undamen al e o m in he o ganiza ional cul u e
o educa ional and medical cen es [31]. This aligns wi h
he indings o he p esen s udy. In a quali a i e s udy,
an ine ec i e p o essional p ac ice en i onmen —
cha ac e ized by inapp op ia e p o essional in e ac ions
and poo adhe ence o clinical s anda ds—was iden i ied
as a challenge in p o essional educa ion, which also
co esponds wi h he indings o his s udy [32]. Clinical
lea ning is challenging, unp edic able, s ess ul, and
e e -changing, and nega i e clinical expe iences a ec
s uden s' sel -con idence, a i udes, and lea ning. In
addi ion o was ing ime and ene gy o lea ne s,
signi ican inancial bu dens a e imposed on he
educa ional sys em, along wi h men al s ess and bu nou
among s uden s by he end o hei aining pe iod [33].
The e o e, i is essen ial o implemen policies ha
enhance collabo a ion be ween hospi al educa ion
sys ems, manage s, and nu sing pe sonnel. C ea ing a
suppo i e cul u e and en i onmen o eaching and
lea ning is i al, which includes clea ly de ining
s uden s' job desc ip ions o imp o e he quali y o
educa ion and inc ease nu sing s uden s' sa is ac ion.
Ano he inding o he p esen s udy is he enhancemen
o p o essional expe iences, which is consis en wi h he
indings o o he s udies. In his con ex , he esul s o
Bah amiRad's s udy indica ed ha in e nship cou ses a e
associa ed wi h acqui ing new expe iences and
de eloping p o essional independence [34]. In his s udy,
s uden s epo ed unde s anding he di e se oles o
nu ses p ac ising p o essional communica ion and
s eng hening eamwo k skills, which is consis en wi h
he s udy's indings by Adel Meh aban e al. [18].
Con e sely, Chuan and Mamaghani epo ha high
wo kloads and insu icien oppo uni ies nega i ely
impac he ela ionship be ween s uden s and nu ses [12,
35]. The clinical lea ning en i onmen includes ou
cha ac e is ics: he physical space, psychosocial and
in e ac i e ac o s, o ganiza ional cul u e, and eaching
and lea ning componen s ha a ec s uden s' lea ning
expe iences, and hese cha ac e is ics o en de e mine
he achie emen o lea ning ou comes and s uden s' sel -
con idence [36]. One o he limi a ions o he p esen
s udy was he unwillingness o some nu sing s uden s o
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: Explo a ion o inal-yea nu sing s uden s’ expe iences om he nu sing managemen in e nship cou se
Jou nal o Medical Educa ion De elopmen ¦ Volume 18 ¦ Issue 2 ¦ 2025 119
be in e iewed, so i is ecommended ha u he s udies
be conduc ed wi h a la ge sample size.
Conclusion
Acco ding o he indings o he p esen s udy, passing
he nu sing managemen in e nship cou se can lead o he
o ma ion o a eal pe cep ion o he asks and
esponsibili ies o he nu sing p o ession in s uden s.
These pe cep ions can ei he s eng hen o weaken
s uden s' p o essional ou looks. The e o e, he indings
o his s udy can p o ide aluable insigh s o designing
nu sing in e nships
E hical conside a ions
This s udy was app o ed by he E hics Commi ee o
Guilan Uni e si y o Medical Sciences, ollowing he
code o e hics (IR.GUMS.REC.1402.529). Fi s , he
objec i es o he s udy we e explained o he pa icipan s,
and in o med consen was ob ained om hem.
Pa icipan s we e assu ed o con iden iali y and p i acy.
Addi ionally, pe mission was ob ained om hem o
eco d he in e iews.
A i icial in elligence u iliza ion o a icle
w i ing
No applicable.
Acknowledgmen
The esea che s would like o hank all nu sing s uden s
o Shahid Behesh i Facul y o Rash who pa icipa ed in
he p esen s udy.
Con lic o in e es s a emen
The au ho s decla e ha hey ha e no con lic s o
in e es .
Au ho con ibu ions
KN was he p ima y in es iga o esponsible o
collec ing he da a and w i ing he ini ial d a . AED and
RT con ibu ed o some s udy aspec s and p o ided he
inal manusc ip . FJ helped in he analysis. All au ho s
ead and app o ed he pape .
Funding
The au ho s ecei ed no inancial suppo o his a icle's
esea ch, au ho ship, and/o publica ion.
Da a a ailabili y s a emen
The co esponding au ho can p o ide he da ase s
analyzed in his s udy upon a easonable eques .
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