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PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF PEOPLE WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED A CRISIS (THEORY
AND PRACTICE)
Aliye R.
6 h yea s uden
Tbilisi S a e Medical Uni e si y
(Add ess: 33 Vazha Psha ela A e, Tbilisi, Geo gia)
h ps://o cid.o g/0009-0005-5536-6696
h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17256213
Abs ac
A c isis may mani es on he inside as well as he ou side. Emo ionally, a pe son may eel uns able, apped,
o as like hey' e los some hing signi ican , which equen ly esul s in obse able beha io al changes. When
aced wi h challenging ci cums ances, hese esponses a e qui e no mal. Howe e , i is also possible o a c isis o
become a u ning poin , an oppo uni y o lea n, g ow, and ind new abili ies. To o e come i , you mus accep he
si ua ion as i is, allow you sel ime o abso b you
Keywo ds: Psychology, man, c isis, emo ions, eeling, con usion, expe iences, eac ions, ci cums ances, pe -
son, si ua ion, specialis , solu ions.
The psychological li e a u e s a es ha aking e-
sponsibili y o one's inne u moil is a symp om and
c i e ion o a success ul c isis eco e y ( his is my gen-
e al opinion based on a as numbe o pape s I' e ead,
so i 's impossible o o e a speci ic e e ence). I'll make
an e o o explain wha he a icles mean by aking ac-
coun abili y. "I'm o blame o eeling so bad o o his
happening o me" is no he poin o his obliga ion. I
in ol es ca e ully conside ing "why exac ly did I ge
he e and wha I plan o do abou i ." This implies ha
ins ead o unde s anding i in he mains eam meaning
o " esponsibili y," we should hink o i as "some hing
happening in my psychological uni e se and on my
own e i o y" [4;5].
Tha implies ha i is no a socie al obliga ion. I
also does no assume all he ac ions equi ed o esol e
he global si ua ion. A compa able e m in English is
"agency," which deno es "app op ia ion." So, e en i I
may no be o blame o my e ible mood, I s ill con-
ibu e o i . I'm no eeling ho ible abou "my con i-
bu ion" because o mysel . Fo ins ance, i indica es ha
my unde lying weaknesses ha e come oge he o cause
me o eel nega i e. I 's my bad luck, no my aul . I 's
my a ea, oo. I may hus ake ac ion i I am able o [5].
In ou cul u e, his is always e y di icul o ex-
plain. We' e aised o hink ha he wo d " esponsibil-
i y" au oma ically means "wha exac ly you you sel
a e o blame o ." The e o e, he wo d i sel has a neg-
a i e, ha sh conno a ion in Russian. And o people
who ha e su e ed om some hing (no e en neces-
sa ily a c isis), i can be e y pain ul o hea abou e-
sponsibili y o hei in e nal woes and hei con ibu-
ion o he si ua ion. They immedia ely hea i as an ac-
cusa ion and an a emp o blame hem o hei own
mis o une. I 's be e o eplace he wo d " esponsibil-
i y" wi h o he wo ds, such as "inc eased subjec i i y,"
"au ho ship," and so on.
In one way o ano he , wha e e aw ul occu s, i
occu s on ou land, and we a e ul ima ely esponsible
o handling he allou , new in o ma ion, and ou own
emo ions. Fo ins ance, I mos likely ha e a cause o
my anxie y. I will be my du y o admi ha I'm wo ied
(no o ema k, "I'm being upse by mean people;
hey' e such je ks") and o decide i I wan o can ake
ac ion o add ess my wo y. Pe haps I should add some-
hing o my li e o help me eel less anxious. Maybe I
can' , I don' wan o, and I won' do any hing. Ins ead,
I'll wai and hope he wo y goes away on i s own. This
also has o do wi h accoun abili y.
Responsibili y isn' igh ening, o pu i b ie ly.
I 's no abou guil ; a he , i 's abou powe and doing
he bes I can unde he ci cums ances. I you do no
iew esponsibili y as only an accusa ion and an in ol-
e able bu den, hen ha ing powe and con ol may be
eally bene icial. "Since I'm in ol ed in his, since i 's
on my e i o y and I ge o decide wha o do, hen I
ha e a huge numbe o oppo uni ies o change i ," is a
posi i e s a emen a imes. Since I was somehow in-
ol ed in his, e en i unin en ionally, I may unco e
di e en answe s by going back and examining he
same ou es and dynamics. These days, s ess and he
as pace o li e ha e a big e ec on he mind, which
can lead o a c isis e y quickly. The e m "c isis"
comes om he G eek wo d "k eses," which ansla es
as "di iding lines" o " u ning poin ." A psychological
c isis is a u ning poin when amilia mechanisms s op
wo king. I can begin a bi h and pe sis h oughou
li e. Fo adul s, i is o en associa ed wi h he ecogni-
ion o un ul illed desi es and hidden p oblems. I a eas
such as ela ionships, wo k, heal h, inances, and am-
ily a e unbalanced ha is, i A psychological c isis is
una oidable o some people while domina ing o he s
[2;4].
E e y e e yone, whe he hey wan i o no , will
expe ience a c isis a some poin in hei li es. A pe -
son's en i e li e unde goes undamen al change du ing
a c isis on all le els: a ec i e ( he capaci y o pe se e e
h ough ad e si y while e aining in eg i y), beha io al
( he equi emen o es ablish new beha io al pa e ns
ha we e p e iously unknown), and meaning- o ming
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o cogni i e (such as he in oduc ion o new li e alues
o a new hie a chy o alues). In e ms o psychology,
a c isis necessi a es ocus and he use o all a ailable
ools o o e come he obs acles li e h ows a you (G.
Pe i, 1995).
The expe iences o a pe son associa ed wi h a c i-
sis si ua ion a e desc ibed simila ly by a ious au ho s.
The social con ex o pe sonal de elopmen changes,
leading o a shi in he oles a pe son mus play, he
ci cle o people in ol ed in in e ac ions wi h hem
changes, new p oblems a ise o he indi idual, hey a e
o ced o conside al e na i e solu ions, and hei li e-
s yle changes. This leads o changes in he image o he
pe son's "I" (T.B. Ka se a, 1989), he loss o he old
and he acquisi ion o a new iden i y (E. E ikson, 1968),
he es uc u ing o pe sonal meanings (E.S. Mazu ,
1983, I.N. Mikhee a, 1991), de ense mechanisms a e
connec ed and ha e a signi ican impac on he s a e o
he indi idual (B.V. Zeiga nik, 1981), he indi idual
ca ies ou in e nal wo k on meaning gene a ion (F.E.
Vasilyuk, 1995), so ing o alues and he choice o li e
s a egy and modes o beha io (L.I. An sy e o a,
1990). In momen s o c isis, li e changes in ou main
dimensions: he in e nal sense o onesel in he wo ld;
a sense o secu i y; he passage o ime, i s subjec i e
cha ac e is ics (in a c isis si ua ion, ime ei he "s ops"
o he e is an acu e sho age o ime); physical condi ion
– decline o all unc ions and inc ease in anxie y (I.G.
Malkina-Pykh, 2008) [1;3;7].
High le els o s ess and unce ain y a e always
p esen du ing a c isis, leading o ension and anxie y.
While i opens he doo o a new, unknown s age, i can
also ep esen he loss o a amilia way o li e. Know-
ing how o deal is c ucial, e en hough some people
handle i mo e eadily han o he s.
When we discuss age c ises, we a e e e ing o a
ansi ion om one de elopmen al s age o ano he . In
cu en imes, adi ional alues and es ablished no ms
a e losing hei signi icance. A one yea , h ee, and
se en yea s old, he i s c isis happens. Adul assis-
ance is s ill necessa y o he child's secu i y and sel -
assu ance. Complexes may a ise i pa en s lec u e hei
child en and en o ce mo e igid ules in he home a he
han o e ing assis ance. The majo i y o he ime, hese
issues go away on hei own when school adap a ion is
o e ; in equen ly, specialized help is needed. Maxi-
mum emphasis is gi en o comp ehending and esol -
ing ea ly c ises since he psyche is o med h oughou
childhood and physiological p ocesses o en al e as a
esul o g ow h [2;8].
Adolescen s o en expe ience eelings o misun-
de s anding among hose a ound hem; ela ionships e-
eal hei own quali ies and de ine impo an alues.
Du ing adolescence, people sea ch o hei place in li e
and de elop a desi e o ealize hei po en ial [1;3].
A c isis goes h ough se e al key phases:
The shock phase: he pe son is unable and unwill-
ing o unde s and, accep , o comp ehend wha has hap-
pened.
The powe lessness phase: Cha ac e ized by al e -
na ing ange , i i a ion, and bou s o apa hy. The pe son
sinks in o a s a e o helplessness and weakness, eeling
powe less o change wha has happened. They unde -
s and ha he na u al p ocesses o dea h canno be in-
luenced.
The su e ing phase: Pain becomes a signal o he
signi icance o he loss, as su e ing occu s only o e
some hing uly p ecious. I is a eminde o he signi -
icance o he depa ed pe son o los objec , emphasiz-
ing he impo ance o es o ing inne balance.
Phase o in eg a ion: The c isis is assimila ed in o
li e. The expe ience is u ned in o a means o pe sonal
de elopmen , and pas occu ences a e ecognized and
acknowledged as a componen o he biog aphy. The
indi idual con inues o li e while emembe ing people
who we e close o hem wi h hank ulness and a chee -
ul melancholy [2;4;6].
P o iding p o ec ion, suppo , and help wi h e e-
yday asks, as well as counseling and psycho he apy o
egain emo ional s abili y and disco e new pu pose,
a e all examples o psychological suppo du ing a c i-
sis. Being he e, lis ening wi hou passing judgmen ,
connec ing he pe son wi h esou ces and lo ed ones,
and boos ing hei sel -es eem and coping skills a e all
c ucial [6].
Conclusion:
In a c isis, wo ypes o psychological assis ance
a e a ailable: c isis counseling and c isis psycho he -
apy. C isis counseling is pe o med when he ans o -
ma ions a e unde he indi idual's con ol and hey a e
able o cope wi h hem independen ly. C isis counsel-
ing is ypically sho - e m and mos o en elies on in-
o ma ion-based ac ics. Howe e , i nega i e changes
become long- e m and p o ac ed and beyond he indi-
idual's con ol, p o essional psycho he apeu ic assis-
ance is needed.
In con as o counseling, c isis psycho he apy
las s longe and include wo king wi h he pa ien while
moni o ing hei psychological s a e du ing sessions.
Examining he e ol ing connec ion be ween he clien
(pa ien ) and he psycho he apis while conside ing i s
dynamics is a key componen o c isis psycho he apy.
Recognize he u h. You may hink abou how unjus
his is and how you shouldn' be expe iencing his o
as long as you wan , bu i won' make hings be e .
Don' was e you ime hinking abou jus ice igh
now.A oid nega i e p edic ions. Ins ead, ake ac ion
based on he esou ces a ailable o you. O e hinking
he u u e can bu n you ou be o e you e en ake ac ion.
Seek suppo . Don' be a aid o ask o help. Talk
o iends o amily abou he issues ha a e oubling
you. Sha ing you conce ns will no only p o ide sup-
po bu also help you gain help ul ad ice.
Take ca e o you appea ance. Ins ead o wallow-
ing in despai , make ime o walks, ea a heal hy die ,
and main ain pe sonal hygiene. Taking ca e o you
body helps you main ain you s eng h, which, in u n,
can suppo you in inding a solu ion.
Ask you sel wha ad ice you would gi e o a
iend. This me hod will help you clea you head o
unnecessa y emo ions and ocus on solu ions.
Es ablish you p io i ies. Fo a while, se aside
poin less hobbies and du ies so ha you may de o e all
o you ene gy o esol ing he cu en issue. Pu you
Jou nal o science. Lyon №70/2025 20
hough s and ac ions on w i ing so ha when s ess
s ikes, you don' o ge c ucial choices.
Gi e you sel pe mission o show you eelings. In
a challenging ci cums ance, you can schedule ime o
you emo ions, bu i 's doub ul ha you'll be able o
o ally supp ess hem. Feel ee o c y o exp ess you
emo ions, bu do so quickly. This me hod will assis
you in dis inguishing be ween imes when you mus
ake ac ion and imes when you may le go o you emo-
ions.Take baby s eps a i s . S a wi h one modes ac-
ion and wo k you way up o he nex ; don' y o ix
e e y hing a once. Allow ime o posi i e eelings.
You esou ces will be es o ed, allowing you o e-
sume you egula li es yle. You will g adually egain
he s eng h o p oceed wi h you solu ion.
The idea ha e e y indi idual has un ealized psy-
chological po en ial is one o he co e ene s. Making
ensu ing he clien has access o hese esou ces is he
main esponsibili y o he he apis and counselo . En-
abling he su i o o ake cha ge o hei beha io ,
heal h, and sel - esponsibili y is he undamen al goal
o psychological suppo in pos - auma ic se ings.
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