ROLL OF PANCHKARMA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PAKSHAGHAT W.S.R TO HEMIPLEGIA

International Journal of Advance and Applied Research Peer Reviewed | International Open Access Journal ISSN: 2347-7075 | Impact Factor – 8.141 | Website: https://ijaar.co.in/ Volume-13, Issue-1 | September - October 2025 86 Original Article ROLL OF PANCHKARMA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PAKSHAGHAT W.S.R TO HEMIPLEGIA Dr. Bharti Bandil Associate Professor, Department of Panchkarma, Government Ayurved College, Jaipur, Rajasthan Manuscript ID: IJAAR-130114 Abstract: Hemiplegia is characterised by increasing loss of function or weakening in one or both legs. Whether caused by ischaemia or haemorrhage, injuries to the brain's motor centres can lead to loss of function, trouble speaking, and poor balance. In the world, there are nine cases of hemiplegia for every 1000 persons. This illness's clinical manifestations are similar to those of Ayurvedic Pakshaghata. According to Acharya Charaka, Pakshaghata is a Vatavyadhi, which means that vitiated Vata Dosha contributes to its pathophysiology. Since Pakshaghata is Nanatatmaja Vaat Vyadhi, it is recommended to combine Panchakarma treatments with oral ayurvedic drugs. Hemiplegia (Paikshaghata), a disorder in which one side of the body is paralysed, can be treated with panchakarma, an Ayurvedic detoxification and rejuvenation treatment. As per Ayurvedic texts Acharyas have highlighted the participation of vitiated Vata Dosha in pathogenesis of Pakshaghaat. Hemiplegia patients are thought to respond well to Snehna, Swedena, Mridu Virechana, Basti, Nasya, etc. Keywords: Pakshaghata, Hemiplegia, Panchakarma, Abhyang, Swedan, Mridu Virechana, Basti, Nasya ISSN: 2347-7075 Impact Factor – 8.141 Volume - 13 Issue - 1 SeptemberOctober 2025 Pp. 86-93 Submitted: 15 Sept 2025 Revised: 15 Oct 2025 Accepted: 28 Oct 2025 Published: 31 Oct 2025 Corresponding Author: Dr. Bharti Bandil Quick Response Code: Website: https://ijaar.co.in/ DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17677752 DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenod o.17677752 Creative Commons Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), which permits others to remix, adapt, and build upon the work non-commercially, provided that appropriate credit is given and that any new creations are licensed under identical terms. How to cite this article: Dr. Bharti Bandil. (2025). Roll Of Panchkarma In The Management Of Pakshaghat W.S.R To Hemiplegia. International Journal of Advance and Applied Research, 13(1), 86–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17677752 International Journal of Advance and Applied Research Peer Reviewed | International Open Access Journal ISSN: 2347-7075 | Impact Factor – 8.141 | Website: https://ijaar.co.in/ Volume-13, Issue-1 | September - October 2025 87 Introduction: An alternative and traditional medical system with Indian origins is called Ayurveda. Indian medicine's first written records come from the Vedic period, which started in the middle of the second millennium BC. Ayurvedic core texts are the medical encyclopaedias Sushurta and Charaka Saṃhita. Ayurvedic physicians developed numerous surgical methods and drug compositions during the next centuries to address a broad spectrum of ailments. Up to 80% of Some accounts claim that Ayurveda and other traditional treatments were used by Indians. Globally, the prevalence of noncommunicable illnesses is increasing, highlighting the need for prevention and treatment. Among these illnesses is hemiplegia, which results in both mental and physical instability. Strokes, also known as cerebrovascular accidents, are the third leading cause of disability and the second leading cause of death globally. Their prevalence is approximately 9 cases per 1000 people.1,2 Hemiplegia is a condition where one side of the body is either totally or partially paralysed; symptoms include slurred speech and limb numbness. It is believed that cerebral vascular accidents, such as cerebral artery haemorrhage and thrombosis, are the main cause of this disease. This appearance is comparable to an Ayurvedic condition known as Pakshaghata.3 According to Acharya Maadhava, "saadhyam anyen samyuktam" indicates that pakshaghat and other doshas are readily cured. According to Ayurveda, the prescribed treatments for this illness are swedan and snehan. Snehan can be used externally and internally in a number of ways, including moordhataila, abhyanga, nasya, vasti, and snehapana, depending on the situation. Review of Literature: 1. Hemiplegia: Paralysis affecting only one side of the body is known as hemiplegia. Although it can sometimes occur with less harmful ailments and situations, this symptom is frequently a major sign of serious or lifethreatening conditions like a stroke. The inability to move or control the muscles in the affected body part is known as hemiplegia. Muscles that are totally limp may result from that. Spastic hemiplegia, a form of paralysis in which muscles contract wildly, can also result from it. Either the right or left side of your body might be affected by hemiplegia, with the separation between the two parts being marked by your spine, or backbone. Your face, arm, and leg on one side of your body may be affected by hemiplegia in a number of ways. In all three of these body parts, the paralysis might not be present or might not be as severe. Hemiplegia can even be intermittent, affecting one or both sides of the body as it occurs in certain uncommon disorders. It may be possible to treat hemiplegia, depending on how and why it occurs. While some patients require no treatment at all, others require prompt medical attention to rectify the hemiplegia's underlying cause. Issues affecting your central nervous system (CNS) can result in hemiplegia. Your brain and spinal cord are the two components that comprise your central nervous system. International Journal of Advance and Applied Research Peer Reviewed | International Open Access Journal ISSN: 2347-7075 | Impact Factor – 8.141 | Website: https://ijaar.co.in/ Volume-13, Issue-1 | September - October 2025 88 2. Pakshaghata: Because their symptoms were similar, Acharya Charaka According to Ayurvedic literature, Acharya Sushruta is linked to Pakshaghata and Hemiplegia is clinically associated to Pakshawadha. It is vitiated vata that is the main cause. Numerous things, including poor eating habits and changes in lifestyle, can vitiate vata, the fundamental Tridosha and the dynamic aspect of life and movement. One of the illnesses that results from vitiated Vata is pakshaghata, or hemiplegia. The most prominent of all the eighty types of Nanatmaja Vata Vyadhies is said to be Pakshaghata, which has been listed.4 The manifestation of Pakshaghata depends heavily on the pathogenic phenomena of vata, specifically Suddha Vata Prakopa, Anyadosha Samsirsta Vata Prakopa, and Dhatukshayajanya Vata Prakopa.5 3. Prevalence: It has been observed that hemiplegia occurs quite frequently in young people; the prevalence rate per 1,000 is 44.8 for women and 68.5 for males. There are 56.9 cases of completed stroke and hemiplegia from any cause for every 1,000 individuals.6 4. Nidan: In the classics, Nidan for Pakshaaghaata is not described. Consider the following: excessive walking or activity, excessive loss of Dhatus, Vega Dharana, stress, chronic disorders, waking up in the middle of the night, Laghu Ahara, Katu, Tikta Rasa Ahara, and so on.7 5. Rupa (clinical symptoms): Pain (Ruja), Vakstambha, and loss of movements. Half of the human body is functionless and unconscious.8 6. Samprapti (Pathogenesis): A disorder called Pakshaghata happens when vitiated Vata paralyses one side of the body, either the left or the right, making that side immovable and causing discomfort and speech loss. An exacerbated Vata, which affects half the body, can cause the arteries and ligaments to tighten, resulting in severe or penetrating discomfort and contracture in one hand or limb. Monoplegia, or ekang rog, is the term for this condition. If the aforementioned morbidity affects every region of the body, the illness is called Sarvang Rog (Paralysis of the full body). Management of hemiplegia through Panchkarma: Panchkarma: As a means of treating Pakshaghata, Charakacharya mentioned Swedan, Snehan, and Virechana. This is interpreted as Snehayukta Swedan and Snehayukta Virechan by Acharya Jejjata & Gangadhara. As said by Shuruta Pakshaghata patient who is not malnourished, has pain in the afflicted area, and consistently adheres to dietary and regimen guidelines and who can afford the required treatment-related accessories. The provision of Snehan and Swedan should come first, followed by Mrudu Vaman and Virechan. After that, Asthapan Basti and Anuvasan should be administered. Following this, the general instructions and corrective actions outlined International Journal of Advance and Applied Research Peer Reviewed | International Open Access Journal ISSN: 2347-7075 | Impact Factor – 8.141 | Website: https://ijaar.co.in/ Volume-13, Issue-1 | September - October 2025 89 in the Akshepaka treatment plan should be given at the appropriate time. The exact measures mentioned are Anuvasan by Bala Taila, Salvana upnaha sveda, Shirobasti, Abhyanga by Anu Taila, and Mastishkaya. For a continuous three or four months, all of the aforementioned precautions should be closely adhered to.9,10 Table 1: Hemiplegia Chikitsa described in Bruhat-Tratyi Sr. No. Therapy C.S. S.S. A.S. A.H. 1 Snehan + + + 2 Svedan + + + 3 Vaman + + 4 Basti + + 5 Mrudu Virechana + + 6 Sneha Virechana + + 7 Mastishkya + 8 Shirobasti + 9 Abhyanga + 10 Upanaha + 11 Rasayana + Abhyang: Ayurveda states that Abhyanga, a component of Dinacharya, is necessary for anyone who want to be content and healthy. Abhyanga is a method of healing, relaxation, and illness treatment. According to Dinacharya, it is among the most important daily routine therapies.11 Abhyanga is an Ayurvedic treatment that involves massaging the entire body, from head to toe, with warm oil infused with herbs according to each person's dosha. Abhyanga has a healing effect through the pharmacological effects of the drugs used in the oil processing. There is no description of the Abhyanga technique other than Dalhana's remarks that it should be done in an Anuloma (downward) direction. Again, later eras have recorded the exact movements of Abhyanga's limbs and joints. He suggested performing Abhyanga in the direction that the limbs' hair develops. This is probably due to the possibility that recipients may experience discomfort and hair breakage if Abhyanga is applied in the opposite direction of hair growth. The circular movements over the joints may be explained by the co-lateral venous networks and lymph nodes that encircle them. The venous and lymphatic drainage of the targeted areas may be improved by massaging these areas. Because of its positive effects on both the treatment of patients' diseases and the promotion and maintenance of health in the healthy, this special manoeuvre has become increasingly important in therapeutic practice. Ayurveda highly recommends the regular use of this method of skin and muscle manipulation, even for healthy people who are conscious of the need of living happy, healthy lives. This therapy method is also thought to be highly effective in minimising and eliminating the sick process that is causing severe damage to the body's tissues. Sneha quickly soothes an agitated Vata when used for Paana, Nasya, Anuvasana, and Abhyanga at the right periods. When Vata predominates in an ailment, abhyanga is generally advised. When oleation and sudation are combined, the painful and malformed body parts International Journal of Advance and Applied Research Peer Reviewed | International Open Access Journal ISSN: 2347-7075 | Impact Factor – 8.141 | Website: https://ijaar.co.in/ Volume-13, Issue-1 | September - October 2025 90 brought on by aggravated Vata return to normal. In this perspective, it is useful to comprehend Vagbhata's simile about Abhyanga. An inert dry stick will help return to its former state if it receives the proper Snehana and Swedana, according to Vagbhata. Usually, warm medicinal oils are used, which dilates blood vessels and activates the Swedavaha Srotas. This reduces discomfort, stiffness, and vessel contraction while also increasing blood flow. To treat certain conditions, the oil is frequently pre-blended with herbs. Abhyanga (oil massage) reduces Srothorodha (clogging of channels) in Pakshaghatha because it has the pacifying quality of Vatahahara swabhava and the undetectable nature of Prabhava from the medications used in it. Following Abhyanga, purgation (Virechana karma) and medicated enema (Vasthi karma) complete the sodhana (flushing out), from which oral medications remove all the causes of Dhoshavaigunya (Imbalance of Doshas), which was the first cause of the disease's manifestation (Srothorodha, or blocking or clogging of channels).11,12 Swedan: The Sanskrit word for to perspire or sweat is the root of the English word "swedana." Swedana Karma is a collection of techniques meant to make you sweat. Swedana generates sweat and aids in reducing body weight, stiffness, and cold. Swedana also describes the body's internal waste. It has a dual function in Pradhanakarma and Purvakarma. The human body benefits from the calming and cleansing properties of Swedana. By correcting the vathavaigunya (vitiated Vata) and bringing about srothosudhi (opening the channels), Swedana karma (steam bath) restores Doshasamyatha (balanced state of Doshas). Nasya (Nasal Cleansing): Nasya (nasal therapy) is used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat hemiplegia (Pakshaghata), a disease in which one side of the body is paralysed, frequently as a result of a stroke. By addressing the vitiated Vata Dosha thought to be the root of the disease, medicinal oils administered via the nose enable the medication to reach the brain and offer relief. To cure hemiplegia, a variety of Ayurvedic therapies, such as Nasya, are combined with additional treatments including Sweda (sudation) and Snehana (oleation). Virechan: According to Acharya Sushruta, mild Virechana can be induced by combining Eranda taila and Triphala kwatha in a ratio of one to three parts, particularly in young children, the elderly, and people with weak muscles. Eranda taila and Triphala kwatha are specifically used for Pakshavadha and other Vata illnesses, according to Acharya Charaka. One medication that has been identified as encouraging the purging of other medications is triphala. It was for this reason that Eranda taila and Triphala kwatha were used. In addition, most patients find Eranda taila to be unappealing when taken alone, and it can occasionally cause vomiting. As Pratiloma gati of Prana vayu takes place in the pathogenesis of Pakshaghata; Virechana is one of the best International Journal of Advance and Applied Research Peer Reviewed | International Open Access Journal ISSN: 2347-7075 | Impact Factor – 8.141 | Website: https://ijaar.co.in/ Volume-13, Issue-1 | September - October 2025 91 remedies for Vatanulomana.13 Virechana is hence essential for giving Pranavayu Anuloma gati (downward movement), calming the vitiation of Rakta dosha and consequently its Updhatus kandara and Sira, and having a major impact on Pakshaghata. The primary cause of the pathophysiology of Pakshaghata, the controller of all senses, is vitiation of Prana vayu. Virechana strengthens sensory and motor modalities, preventing the impairment that occurs in disease.14 Basti: Basti being the best to maintaining the quality and quantity of life is described as ―Ardha Chikitsa‖ 15 or half of all the treatment Vata is considered to be the main controller of the body.16 Mala Mutra, Pitta, and Kapha can be eliminated or retained in their respective Aashayas with the use of science and the vata. Since Basti is the only treatment available for reducing Vata, I attempted to determine how Basti works in Vatavyadhi (neurological disorders) in this study. From foot to head, Veerya of Basti drawyas purges the body of impurities. In a similar way to how the sun extracts moisture from the ground, Veerya of Basti nourishes Aapan Vayu before moving on to Saman Vayu, which in turn nourishes Vyan Vayu, Udan Vayu, and finally Prana Vayu.17 There is dushti of Prana, Vyan, and Udan vayu at Pakshaghata. One of the symptoms of Pakshaghata is "Vakstambha," which is mostly brought on by Prana Vayu and Udan Vayu Dushti. Both Prana's and Udan Vayu's normal functions—Annapravesh and Vakpravrutti, respectively—are disrupted in Pakshaghata. Both vayus are nourished by basti, which supports their regular function.Vyan vayu is distributed throughout the body and performs a variety of bodily activities, such as Aakunchan, Prasarana, etc., but in Pakshaghata, its regular function is disrupted, resulting in "Cheshtanivrutti." Basti feeds the vayu and keeps it functioning normally. Up to Grahani, Basti Dravya Sneha dravya stimulates the Jatharagni in Grahani. It enters sukshma strotas and reaches Grahani, where it acts on Purishdhara Kala, a bacterial flora. It then acts on Asthidhara Kala, where there is "Ashrayashryee Sambandha" of vata dosha and Asthi dhatu, which helps to normalise vata dushti. Discussion: The body's rikta strotas are occupied by vitiated vata dosha, which eventually leads to vatvyadhi, which manifests as pakshaghat.18 Pakshaghat's is that rukshta kharata in the strotas is caused by an increase in vata's ruksha guna. It will take time to recover from pakshavadha, a krichrasadhya disease that is particularly difficult to treat. However, snehapana helps to remove accumulated malas that obstruct the srotas and cause vata vitiation, softens the body, and relieves aberrant Vata. In order to moisten the doshas before they are moved to the koshta, where they are dissolved by sweda karma and subsequently evacuated from the body by sodhana procedures like virechan, snehapana therapy aims to penetrate the deepest part of the body. Due to snehana and swedana, doshas become separated from dhatus. They then move in the direction of koshtha, where they International Journal of Advance and Applied Research Peer Reviewed | International Open Access Journal ISSN: 2347-7075 | Impact Factor – 8.141 | Website: https://ijaar.co.in/ Volume-13, Issue-1 | September - October 2025 92 can be easily and safely removed via shodhana (cleaning therapy), such as virechana (purgation) or vamana (emesis).19 Conclusion: Although hemiplegia (Pakshaghata) is challenging to treat, favourable results and the patient's ability to remain independent can be attained with the appropriate care given at the appropriate time and with prudent use of both internal and exterior drugs. In addition to Panchakarma, other rehabilitation therapies including occupational therapy, vocational therapy, etc., should be used for its thorough care. References: 1. Global Health Estimates. 2012 Geneva World Health Organization Available from: http://www.who.int/healthinfo/g lobal_burden_disease/en. 2. https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/ecaraka/?m od=read 3. Bramashankar S Vatavyadhi nidanam. 2010 varanasi chaukhambha publication:163 Madhukosha Vyakhya, Madhav Nidan. Sloka no. 43. reprint edition 2012. Part 1. 4. Kashinath Pandey, Gorakhnath Chaturvedi, Charak Samhita Vol 1 (Chapter 20, Sutrasthan), 2009, Varanasi, Chaukambha Sanskrit series publication, p. 399. 5. https://www.researchgate.net/publicati on/350585407_Pakshaghat_and_its_M anagement_through_Panchakarma_A_ Case_Study 6. J. Abrahm, M.D. An epidemiological study of hemiplegia due to stoke in South India, AHA Journal. 1970:1:477-481 7. Charaka Samhita, Ch. Chi.28/15-18 translated by Prof. P. V. 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