Munday, Monique; Humbani, Michael
A icle
De e mining he d i e s o con inued mobile ood deli e y
app (MFDA) usage du ing a pandemic pe iod
Cogen Business & Managemen
P o ided in Coope a ion wi h:
Taylo & F ancis G oup
Sugges ed Ci a ion: Munday, Monique; Humbani, Michael (2024) : De e mining he d i e s o
con inued mobile ood deli e y app (MFDA) usage du ing a pandemic pe iod, Cogen Business &
Managemen , ISSN 2331-1975, Taylo & F ancis, Abingdon, Vol. 11, Iss. 1, pp. 1-18,
h ps://doi.o g/10.1080/23311975.2024.2308086
This Ve sion is a ailable a :
h ps://hdl.handle.ne /10419/326022
S anda d-Nu zungsbedingungen:
Die Dokumen e au EconS o dü en zu eigenen wissenscha lichen
Zwecken und zum P i a geb auch gespeiche und kopie we den.
Sie dü en die Dokumen e nich ü ö en liche ode komme zielle
Zwecke e iel äl igen, ö en lich auss ellen, ö en lich zugänglich
machen, e eiben ode ande wei ig nu zen.
So e n die Ve asse die Dokumen e un e Open-Con en -Lizenzen
(insbesonde e CC-Lizenzen) zu Ve ügung ges ell haben soll en,
gel en abweichend on diesen Nu zungsbedingungen die in de do
genann en Lizenz gewäh en Nu zungs ech e.
Te ms o use:
Documen s in EconS o may be sa ed and copied o you pe sonal
and schola ly pu poses.
You a e no o copy documen s o public o comme cial pu poses, o
exhibi he documen s publicly, o make hem publicly a ailable on he
in e ne , o o dis ibu e o o he wise use he documen s in public.
I he documen s ha e been made a ailable unde an Open Con en
Licence (especially C ea i e Commons Licences), you may exe cise
u he usage igh s as speci ied in he indica ed licence.
h ps://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/4.0/
Cogen Business & Managemen
ISSN: 2331-1975 (Online) Jou nal homepage: www. and online.com/jou nals/oabm20
De e mining he d i e s o con inued mobile ood
deli e y app (MFDA) usage du ing a pandemic
pe iod
Monique Munday & Michael Humbani
To ci e his a icle: Monique Munday & Michael Humbani (2024) De e mining he d i e s o
con inued mobile ood deli e y app (MFDA) usage du ing a pandemic pe iod, Cogen Business
& Managemen , 11:1, 2308086, DOI: 10.1080/23311975.2024.2308086
To link o his a icle: h ps://doi.o g/10.1080/23311975.2024.2308086
© 2024 The Au ho (s). Published by In o ma
UK Limi ed, ading as Taylo & F ancis
G oup.
Published online: 31 Jan 2024.
Submi you a icle o his jou nal
A icle iews: 1961
View ela ed a icles
View C ossma k da a
Ci ing a icles: 2 View ci ing a icles
Full Te ms & Condi ions o access and use can be ound a
h ps://www. and online.com/ac ion/jou nalIn o ma ion?jou nalCode=oabm20
Ope a iOns, in O ma iOn & echnOlOgy | esea ch a icle
Cogen Business & ManageMen
2024, VoL. 11, no. 1, 2308086
De e mining he d i e s o con inued mobile ood deli e y app
(MFDA) usage du ing a pandemic pe iod
monique munday and michael humbani
Depa men o Ma ke ing Managemen , uni e si y o P e o ia, P e o ia, sou h a ica
ABSTRACT
he s udy aimed o de e mine he main ac o s ha p edic ed use s’ in en ion o
con inue using mobile ood deli e y apps du ing he cOViD-19 pandemic. he
mode a ing ole o use expe ience was also explo ed. Da a we e ob ained om 411
use s o mobile ood deli e y apps in sou h a ica, using he pu posi e sampling
echnique. he lens o he in eg a ed modi ied uni ied heo y o accep ance and use o
echnology (U aU 2) and he ask echnology i ( ) we e used o his esea ch. he
esul s indica e ha use s’ con inuance in en ions a e in luenced by pe o mance
expec ancy and habi , and ha hedonic mo i a ion and a e insigni ican p edic o s.
pe o mance expec ancy media es be ween and con inuance in en ion, and use
expe ience mode a es he ela ionship be ween p edic o s ( , hedonic mo i a ion,
habi ) and con inuance in en ion. es au an owne s can use he indings o his s udy
o design winning s a egies ha mix bo h echnology ea u es and men al pe cep ions
o build a s onge clien base du ing c ises and u u e business possibili ies.
1. In oduc ion
consume beha iou has shi ed signi ican ly o digi al channels as a esul o he cOViD-19 pandemic,
causing businesses o e ise hei models o acili a e he inc eased adop ion o echnologies ( amos,
2022). as people we e encou aged o wo k and shop om home o limi i us ansmission (she h,
2020), he e has been a d ama ic inc ease in mobile app usage as e idenced by a 7% inc ease in mobile
app downloads yea o e yea in 2020 ac oss iOs and google play (app annie, 2021). al hough es au-
an s ha e now eopened o indoo dine s due o wo ldwide accina ions and a educ ion in in ec ions,
expe s s ill an icipa e con inued use o hese apps beyond 2023, when he numbe o mobile app use s
is p ojec ed o each 53.9 million (Ka s, 2020). as a esul , long a e he pandemic has passed, mobile
ood deli e y apps a e expec ed o become a c i ical mode o inancial ansac ion.
al hough no business seems o be immune o he e ec s o he pandemic, one o he mos se e ely
a ec ed indus ies was he ood se ice ou le s, as cus ome beha iou s ab up ly changed in esponse
o he imposed physical dis ancing and manda ed ope a ional es ic ions ( imu e al., 2023). as a esul ,
ea ing habi s ha e changed, causing es au an ope a o s o e hink hei business ac ics o keep up
wi h shi ing clien p e e ences (B ewe & sebby, 2021). consequen ly, es au an s a e u ning o mobile
ood deli e y apps (m Das) o boos hei e enue and s ay a loa ( imu e al., 2023). Wi h hese
ad ancemen s in mobile echnologies, i is en isaged ha m Das will con inue o g ow and pe cola e
o di e en a eas in he e ail indus y, ye s udies in es iga ing in en ion o con inue o use m Das in
© 2024 he au ho (s). Published by in o ma uK Limi ed, ading as aylo & F ancis g oup.
CONTACT Michael Humbani [email protected] Depa men o Ma ke ing Managemen , uni e si y o P e o ia, Lynnwood
Road, Ha ield Main Campus, P e o ia, sou h a ica.
h ps://doi.o g/10.1080/23311975.2024.2308086
his is an open access a icle dis ibu ed unde he e ms o he C ea i e Commons a ibu ion License (h p://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/4.0/), which
pe mi s un es ic ed use, dis ibu ion, and ep oduc ion in any medium, p o ided he o iginal wo k is p ope ly ci ed. he e ms on which his a icle has been
published allow he pos ing o he accep ed Manusc ip in a eposi o y by he au ho (s) o wi h hei consen .
ARTICLE HISTORY
ecei ed 10 Janua y 2023
e ised 2 Decembe 2023
accep ed 17 Janua y 2024
KEYWORDS
mobile ood deli e y
applica ions; con inuance
in en ion; mobile
paymen s; use
expe ience
SUBJECTS
social sciences; Beha io al
sciences; consume
psychology; economics,
inance, Business &
indus y; Business,
managemen and
accoun ing; ma ke ing
REVIEWING EDITOR
Balan sunda akani,
Uni e si y o Wollongong in
Dubai acul y o Business,
Uni ed a ab emi a es
2 m. mUnDay anD m. hUmBani
a pandemic si ua ion a e la gely missing in eme ging ma ke s such as sou h a ica, which expe ienced
he highes cOViD-19 in ec ions on he con inen (nicD, 2023).
esea che s ha e long a gued ha con inued use is he mos eliable sou ce o e enue o se ice
p o ide s (nguyen e al., 2023). he global a e o abandonmen o e ail apps is 69.8%, which is a cause
o conce n amongs p ac i ione s and academics (coppola, 2022). as a esul , i is unclea whe he o
no cus ome s who began using m Das du ing he pandemic will con inue o do so pos pandemic and
why. hus, he ollowing main esea ch ques ion guided he s udy: Wha a e he salien ac o s ha p o-
mo e con inued usage o m Das du ing a c isis pe iod such as ha posed by he cOViD-19 pandemic?
he answe o his ques ion is c i ical because he business alue o a p oduc o se ice is de e mined
by how long i is used, a he han how quickly i is adop ed (yap & lee, 2023). gi en ha he e may
be a h ee- old inc ease in he annual likelihood o se e e epidemics de eloping in he coming yea s
(ma ani e al., 2021), managemen needs o be awa e o he elemen s ha con ibu e o he con inuous
usage o a echnology like m Da o imp o e eadiness o a simila c isis. Despi e his, no much esea ch
has been done on his opic in de eloping na ions, especially no in sou h a ica, whe e abou 40% o
cus ome s scanned o used a Q code o make a pu chase in 2020 (gWi, 2020). hus, he cu en s udy
may p o ide insigh in o he con inued use o m Das du ing u u e c ises esembling he cOViD-19
pandemic.
m Das a e mobile apps ha a e downloaded by sma phone use s as an al e na i e medium o gain
access o es au an s, iew menus, o de ood and make paymen s, wi hou he need o physically isi
he es au an (alalwan, 2020). consume in en ions owa d adop ing online ood deli e y o de ing sys-
ems ha e been ex ensi ely s udied in he pas (Belanche e al., 2020; gunden e al., 2020). Despi e he
g owing abundance o published esea ch on he subjec ma e , consume beha iou li e a u e ela ed
o he con inued usage o mobile ood deli e y echnologies is s ill in i s in ancy (gunden e al., 2020).
his is su p isingly also ue in sou h a ica, whe e abou 12% o adul consume s p e e o ea a a
es au an e e y week compa ed o he global a e age o 28% (gWi, 2020). he op eliable m Das com-
monplace in sou h a ica a e m . D ood, Ube ea s, Oishi sushi, checke s six y60, yumbi, appe i e and
nandos O monde (Ka imi, 2020).
he p ima y objec i e o his s udy was o in es iga e he ex en o which habi , hedonic mo i a ion,
pe o mance expec ancy, and ask echnology i ( ) p edic he in en ion o con inue using m Das
amongs exis ing use s o m Das du ing he pandemic. he s udy ook he iew ha ocussing on
exis ing use s could p o ide in aluable insigh s, since he mo i a ions o a p ospec i e use o new
echnology no only di e om hose o he cu en use , bu a i udes and belie s be o e adop ion also
di e om hose in he pos -pu chase adop ion (he nández-O ega e al., 2008). a signi ican body o
p io esea ch indica es ha he a o emen ioned ac o s (habi , hedonic mo i a ion, pe o mance expec-
ancy, ask echnology i ) a e signi ican p edic o s o he in en ion o con inue o use new echnolo-
gies (cheng e al., 2020; o oughi e al., 2023; s eelakshmi & p a hap, 2020; am e al., 2020), and a e
he e o e wo hy o u he in es iga ion in he con ex o m Das in an eme ging economy, such as
sou h a ica, whe e he ood deli e y business is expec ed o each 17 billion by 2023 (s a is a, 2022).
u he mo e, he s udy also de e mined he media ing e ec o pe o mance expec ancy be ween
and con inuance in en ion, as epo ed by Zhao and Bacao (2020). in addi ion, he s udy also aimed o
de e mine he mode a ing ole o use expe ience in in luencing con inuance in en ion o use m Das
du ing he pandemic. Because use expe ience shapes a i udes, i has been ound o play a p o ound
ole in shaping subsequen consump ion beha iou s (sun e al., 2022). Unde s anding use beha iou
based on use expe ience is c ucial o se ice p o ide s, as hey a e inc easingly in es ing in lea ning
abou use expe iences, no only o be e unde s and consume habi s and p e e ences (sun e al.,
2022), bu also o p o ide long-las ing expe iences ha e ain use s.
cu en ly, he e a e limi ed s udies in eme ging ma ke s ha shed ligh on he impac o he
cOViD-19 pandemic on use s’ in en ion o con inue using m Das, and on how use expe ience wi h
m Das could enhance he con inuance usage o he apps du ing he pandemic pe iod. o add ess
hese knowledge gaps, he s udy aimed o join he ongoing con e sa ion amongs schola s conce ning
he in en ion o con inue using m Das and he mode a ing e ec o use expe ience in a way ha
ad ances he heo e ical li e a u e. his in o ma ion is expec ed o be aluable o academicians o build
knowledge, as well as o se ice p o ide s who need o e ise hei business models in andem wi h
cOgen BUsiness & managemen 3
changing consume needs, as he pandemic pe sis s in some pa s o he wo ld, such as china and
sou h a ica.
his s udy con ibu es o mobile paymen li e a u e in wo ways. i s ly, he s udy de eloped an in e-
g a ed model om ca e ully selec ed elemen s aken om he uni ied heo y o accep ance and use o
echnology (U aU 2; Venka esh e al., 2012) wi h elemen s aken om he model (goodhue &
hompson, 1995) o in es iga e he ac o s p edic ing he con inuance in en ion o use m Das in a pan-
demic con ex . he U aU 2 amewo k was upda ed by Venka esh e al. (2012) in andem wi h he ine -
i able echnological changes o analysing consume accep ance o new echnologies. he has la gely
been lauded as a heo y o measu e he ex en o which a echnology ma ches he ask o he use
( o oughi, e al., 2023; anque e al., 2023), which in his case is he pe o mance o he m Da in
enabling ansac ions du ing a pandemic pe iod. p e ious s udies also suppo ed a di ec link be ween
he and pe o mance expec ancy (alalwan, 2020; anque e al., 2023). i was en isaged ha by
in eg a ing he model wi h he U aU 2, he explana o y powe o he in en ion o con inue using
m Das could be enhanced, compa ed o when he models a e used sepa a ely ( imu e al., 2023).
heo e ically, examining use s’ pos -adop ion beha iou en iches he heo e ical amewo k o in o ma-
ion sys em use beha iou , as con inuance usage is cen al o he su i al o business- o-consume ela-
ionships and o se ice p o ide s o mobile ood deli e y echnologies ( o oughi e al., 2023). p ac ically,
he m Da ma ke is a ac ing in es men s om es au an businesses, and as a esul , esea ch on he
in en ion o con inue using he apps is c i ical o keep up wi h changing cus ome needs and expec a-
ions. Because i is less expensi e o e ain exis ing use s han o acqui e new ones, he in en ion o
con inue using mobile echnology is conside ed impo an o gauge echnology success (yap & lee, 2023).
2.Theo e ical amewo k and hypo heses de elopmen
2.1. Mobile deli e y apps in con ex
O he es ima ed 8 million in ec ions on he con inen , sou h a ica was he ha des hi wi h o e 4
million in ec ions and o e 100 000 dea hs, including 357 ac i e cases as o Janua y 2023 (nicD, 2023).
Du ing he pandemic pe iod, mobile paymen was ega ded as an ins umen o p omo ing he social
dis ancing manda e, and an impo an medium o make paymen s. Businesses we e o ced o ansi ion
o online paymen s, hus o cing consume s o ollow sui as a way o a oid physical con ac wi h
bankno es, o any o he medium o exchange. as he es au an indus y con inued o ace ope a ional
challenges du ing he pandemic, many people u ned o mobile ood deli e y apps ( o oughi e al.
2023). gi en he de as a ing e ec s o he co id-19 pandemic, i seemed p uden o sou h a ican use s
o m Das o con inue using hem o p e en he i us’s ansmission. indeed, he ood deli e y business
is expec ed o each 17 billion by he end o 2023 (s a is a, 2022). he need o mo e om in- es au an
o o e he mobile phone p ecipi a ed es au an s and shop owne s o de elop hei ood deli e y apps
as a way o su i al, many o which ope a e ac oss sou h a ican ci ies. he op eliable coun ywide
m Das in sou h a ica include m D ood, Ube ea s, Oishi sushi, yumbi, ape i ie, checke s six y60 and
nandos O monde ood deli e y app (Ka imi, 2020). he checke s six y60 app, amongs o he s, sugges s
he heigh ened adop ion o m Das in sou h a ica du ing he pandemic, wi h o e 1.2 million app
downloads since i s launch in la e 2019 (shop i e holdings l d, 2021). as epo ed by al amin e al.
(2021), mos ma ke s ha expe ienced a high co ona i us ou b eak wi nessed an upsu ge in demand o
online deli e y. he e o e, his s udy conside s sou h a ica as a desi able con ex o de e mine consum-
e s’ con inuance in en ion o use m Da du ing he pandemic.
2.2. In en ion o con inue using mobile ood deli e y apps
con inued use in en ion in he con ex o m Da can be desc ibed as he ex en o which a pe son using
he mobile applica ion plans on using i in he u u e (yap & lee, 2023). mobile applica ion ma ke s a e
highly compe i i e, he e o e, unde s anding how o inc ease consume s’ con inuance in en ion o use
m Da is c ucial. se e al s udies ha examined ac o s ha in luence con inuance in en ion ound ha
habi , hedonic mo i a ion, pe o mance expec ancy and ha e a di ec e ec on con inuance in en-
ion o use m Das (Kah Boon e al., 2023; lam e al., 2023; yap & lee, 2023). as he success o an
4 m. mUnDay anD m. hUmBani
in o ma ion sys em depends on he use ’s con inuance ( anque e al., 2023), he s udy posi s ha use s’
commi men o use m Das will ul ima ely de e mine hei success.
Ukpabi e al. (2019) a gues ha con inuance in en ion can be unde s ood om wo iewpoin s: he
ini ial s age o adop ion and he pos -adop ion s age. in he ini ial s ages o adop ion, an indi idual’s
p io expec a ions help o o mula e a i udes owa ds he new echnology o decide whe he o no o
adop i . in he pos -adop ion s age, an indi idual’s expe ience using he echnology d i es he in en ion
o con inue o discon inue using he app. his s udy was based on he p emise ha he o med habi
o using m Das would con inue as he pandemic pe sis s. he assump ion was ha he pandemic p e-
cipi a ed he g adual use o m Das, and hose who we e al eady accus omed o he beha iou s a ed
using he se ice e en mo e (Ka s, 2020). he cu en pa adigm shi owa ds digi al paymen s is expec ed
o g ow con inually as es au an s open mo e deli e y windows. ex an li e a u e sugges s ha a lack o
unde s anding o he ac o s ha d i e con inued use can be cos ly o se ice p o ide s, as he eal
business alue is de i ed om consume s’ con inued use (humbani & Wiese, 2019; yap & lee, 2023).
hus, he abili y o e ain exis ing cus ome s is no only c ucial o su i al, bu also c ea es a sus ainable
compe i i e edge.
he e is a pauci y o esea ch on he con inua ion o mobile echnology use in sou h a ica. mo e
impo an ly, he e is no e idence ha he con inued in en ion o use m Das has been p e iously in es-
iga ed in he sou h a ican con ex , sa e o anecdo al epo s. his highligh s he need o a s udy o
his na u e in sou h a ica whe e mos people (60%) a e con iden using new echnologies, compa ed
o he global a e age o 43% (gWi, 2020).
2.3. De elopmen o a concep ual amewo k
schola s ha e ied o de elop models ha be e explain echnology accep ance and use. Venka esh
e al. (2012) combined eigh an eceden ac o s o de elop he uni ied heo y o echnology accep ance
and use (U aU ). a e ealising he sho comings o he ea lie model, Venka esh e al. (2012) expanded
i o he U aU 2 by inco po a ing consume pe cep i e de e minan s ela ing o echnology use, p ice
alue, habi and hedonic d i e. Despi e hese e o s, consume beha iou is complex, and no single
amewo k can ully cap u e all o he dynamics o in o ma ion sys em accep ance and use ( imu e al.,
2023). consequen ly, he e is a g owing call amongs schola s o me ge a ious heo e ical amewo ks
o be e unde s and he accep ance and use phenomenon ( imu e al., 2023). in esponse o ha call,
he cu en s udy in eg a ed U aU 2 and he o explain use s’ in en ion o con inue using m Das
du ing a pandemic. he U aU 2 was de eloped o explain he in en ion o use new echnology and he
subsequen beha iou (Venka esh e al., 2012). Based on he ene s o he , echnology accep ance
and use a e g ea e when use s eel ha he echnology helps hem o e ec i ely accomplish asks
(goodhue & hompson, 1995).
he in eg a ion o heo ies o explain he con inuance in en ion phenomenon is suppo ed by a num-
be o empi ical esea ches. o ins ance, sha ma e al. (2022) used he in o ma ion sys em success
model (Delone & mclean, 2004) wi h U aU 2 (Venka esh e al., 2012) o be e unde s and why indian
consume s wan o keep using news applica ions. simila ly, yap and lee (2023) combined he U aU 2
componen s wi h he expec a ion con i ma ion model (Bha ache jee, 2001) o explain malaysian con-
sume s’ con inued in e es in online ood deli e y se ices. o in es iga e he con inuing in en ion owa d
m Das, he U aU 2 and we e hus in eg a ed in his s udy.
he mo i a ion o in eg a e he wo models was wo- old. i s ly, he on i s own could no add ess
he a ious de e minan s ha a e pe cei ed as impo an by use s o m Das. con e sely, he U aU 2
alone would all sho in add essing he ex en o which he cha ac e is ics o bo h he echnology and
he ask i sel help o explain in using m Das. he e o e, an in eg a ion o wo heo ies ‘p o ides a
comple e accoun o he causal mechanism unde lying he ela ionships and unique insigh ha canno
be ob ained om a single heo y d i en model’ ( ahi e al., 2021, pp. 987).
ecognising he limi a ion o each amewo k, e o s we e made in he cu en s udy o in eg a e
he U aU 2 alongside he , o explain he concep o con inuance in en ion o use m Das du ing a
pandemic o p o ide a be e unde s anding o he phenomenon. mo eo e , he e is no e idence o
sugges p io s udies ha holis ically assessed m Da con inuance in en ion by examining he ole o
cOgen BUsiness & managemen 5
echnology pe cep i e de e minan s o he U aU 2 and , a knowledge gap ha his s udy also
a emp s o b idge.
in his s udy, he U aU 2 was modi ied by no conside ing acili a ing condi ions, e o expec ancy
and si ua ional in luences, because hey a e no applicable ac o s in he con ex o m Das. in a ela ed
s udy, cho igo and Kadono (2021) likewise dis ega ded he exis ence o acili a ing condi ions and e o
expec ancy in he con ex o ood deli e y applica ions, as ac o s non-exis en in he con ex o ood
deli e y apps. o ins ance, cho igo and Kadono (2021) de ine social in luence as he deg ee o app o al
o a pa icula beha iou , which applies o consume s no amilia wi h a pa icula echnology. By ocus-
sing on expe ienced use s o m Das, social in luence is ende ed inapplicable in he con ex o his
s udy. he esea ch model is illus a ed in igu e 1.
2.4. P edic o s o con inuance in en ion o use MFDAs
2.4.1. Habi
habi is de ined as he le el o au oma ic beha iou esul ing om p e ious lea ning (yap & lee, 2023).
in a ecen s udy on consume in en ion o euse ood o de ing apps in Vie nam, Kah Boon e al. (2023)
epo ed ha habi in luences he con inuous desi e o use echnology-based goal-di ec ed beha iou as
he esul s o hei s udy showed a signi ican ela ionship be ween habi and con inuance in en ion o
use e-Walle in malaysia. ly e al. (2022), who also ound habi o be a majo p edic o o mobile app
usage in en ion, back up he p edic i e po en ial o habi in he con inued use o mobile apps. she h
(2020) posi s ha habi ual beha iou is con ex -based, such as social (e.g. li e e en s), echnology (e.g.
sma phones), ules and egula ions (e.g. alcohol consump ion), and na u al disas e s (e.g. cOViD-19). his
cu en s udy ook he iew ha he cOViD-19 pandemic in luences he o ma ion o habi ual beha iou s
leading o consume s’ in en ion o con inue using m Das o a oid being in ec ed and in ec ing o he s.
Based on he o egoing, he ollowing is hypo hesised:
h1: habi posi i ely in luences he in en ion o con inue using m Das.
2.4.2. Hedonic mo i a ion
hedonic mo i a ion is de ined by yap and lee (2023) as he enjoymen , un and pleasu e de i ed om
using a new echnology. hus, hedonic mo i a ion e e s o he in e nal mo i es ha can be linked o
he le el o inno a i eness and no el y when using new echnology, such as play ulness, enjoymen , un
and pleasu e (lam e al., 2023). in hei in es iga ion o he e-walle usage con inuance in en ions in
malaysia pos -cOViD-19, Kah Boon e al. (2023) ound ha he g ea e he en e ainmen alue p o ided
Figu e 1. Concep ual amewo k o he p edic o s o con inuance in en ion.
6 m. mUnDay anD m. hUmBani
by he mobile p o ide s, he mo e likely use s a e o accep i . in a simila s udy, hedonic mo i a ion was
ound o be a c ucial p edic o o mobile echnology con inued usage by ly e al. (2022), implying ha
use s will con inue o use he m Das i he expe ience p o ides hem wi h pleasu e, deligh and com o .
hus, i is in e ed ha hedonic mo i a ion plays an essen ial ole in p edic ing in en ion o con inue o
use m Da du ing he pandemic. m Das a e pe cei ed as being c ea i e and mode nised echnology, and
he ole o hedonic mo i a ion shapes consume pe cep ions o he use ulness and con enience o hese
m Das (lam e al., 2023).
Based on he abo e empi ical indings, he ollowing is hypo hesised:
h2: hedonic mo i a ion posi i ely in luences he desi e o con inue using m Das.
2.4.3. Pe o mance expec ancy
pe o mance expec ancy is he deg ee o which a pe son belie es ha adop ing a new sys em o applica-
ion will help hem o a ain wha hey wan ( amos, 2022). in he con ex o his s udy, he m Da’s abili y
o enable he use o pay o a deli e ed meal could signi ican ly impac u u e app usage. ecen empi ical
s udies conduc ed in Vie nam and malaysia ha e p o ed he impo ance o pe o mance expec ancy owa ds
con inuous usage o mobile echnologies (Kah Boon e al., 2023; lam e al, 2023; ly e al., 2022). mo eo e ,
yap and lee (2023) posi s ha consume s will likely ha e a good eac ion and in en ion o con inue using
a new sys em i hey belie e i will sa e hem ime o e o . expec ancy in e ms o pe o mance can be
compa ed o pe cei ed use ulness (Venka esh e al., 2012), which is desc ibed as he ex en o an indi idual’s
belie ha using a sys em will imp o e hei achie emen o goal-o ien ed asks. he e o e, i can be in e ed
ha when use s pe cei e m Das as a use ul way o ini ia e and comple e hei ansac ions du ing he
pandemic, hey will choose ha paymen me hod ins ead o using cash. mo eo e , ly e al. (2022 in es i-
ga ed con inuance in en ion o use e-walle s and ound ha pe o mance expec ancy was he mos signi i-
can de e minan o he in en ion o use mobile apps in he u u e. hus, he ollowing can be hypo hesised:
h3: expec ed pe o mance posi i ely in luences he decision o con inue using m Das.
2.4.4. Pe cei ed ask echnology i
o oughi e al. (2023) desc ibe as e iciency in comple ing a ask when he echnology, equi emen s
o he ask i sel , and indi idual abili ies a e compa ible. hus, use s will adop echnology i i is p ac-
ical and enhances hei abili y o execu e hei asks. simila ly, he con inued in en ion o use m Das
du ing he cOViD-19 c isis could be dic a ed by quali ies such as con ac less ood supply se ice and
con enience, which mee he equi ed social dis ancing manda e o s op he i us om sp eading. as a
esul , ask and echnological ea u es de ine he , making i easie o adop and use an in o ma ion
sys em ( anque e al., 2023). p io empi ical s udies concu ha subs an ially enhanced consume s’
a i udes and con inued in en ions i m Das helped hem o execu e desi ed asks including ood o de -
ing, online paymen and o de acking ( o oughi e al., 2023; anque e al., 2023; shahzad e al., 2023).
a s udy unde aken du ing he ea ly s ages o he cOViD-19 pandemic concluded ha he e is a signi -
ican impac o on ood deli e y app con inuance in en ion, whe ein con ac less deli e y plays an
impo an ole (Zhao & Bacao, 2020). hence, he cu en s udy p oposes he ollowing:
h4: pe cei ed posi i ely in luences he in en ion o con inue using m Das.
he e ha e been ew s udies on he ela ionship be ween and pe o mance expec ancy.
appea s o ha e a c i ical ole in he o mula ion o use s’ pe o mance expec ancy in he adop ion and
con inua ion in en ion o use in o ma ion sys ems ( anque e al., 2023). his sugges s ha use s mus
ecognise he alue o using echnology, such as he ease wi h which hey can adap o social dis ancing
p o ocols, o comple e indi idual asks ( anque e al., 2023), such as pu chasing meals o onesel o
one’s amily while unde cOViD-19 a el es ic ions. as a esul , he ollowing is hypo hesised:
h5: pe cei ed posi i ely in luences pe o mance expec ancy.
cOgen BUsiness & managemen 7
2.4.5. The media ing ole o pe o mance expec ancy
he cu en s udy also a emp ed o de e mine how much he m Da’s pe o mance expec ancy in lu-
ences he ela ionship be ween and con inua ion in en ion. he media ing ole o pe o mance
expec ancy has been examined in p io empi ical s udies ela ed o echnology usage. Wi h a sample
om po ugal, Zhao and Bacao (2020) disco e ed ha pe o mance expec ancy media es he in luence
o job echnology i and con inuance in en ion o use ood deli e y apps. p e iously, ahi e al. (2019)
con i med ha pe o mance expec ancy media es he ela ionship be ween e o expec ancy and in en-
ion o use in e ne banking in pakis an. his s udy assumed ha he be e he m Da mee s o exceeds
cus ome expec a ions, he mo e ask i a ec s consume s’ in en ion o use m Das in he u u e. i is
unde s ood ha consume s wan ed o a oid ge ing he i us and o ollow he social dis ancing man-
da e o p e en he cOViD-19 i us om sp eading. as a esul , he m Da’s abili y o accomplish he
use s’ job o dec easing i us ansmission while enjoying he se ice mos likely in luenced whe he o
no hey con inued o use he app. depic ed he cha ac e is ics and bene i s o he m Das in he
cOViD-19 pandemic se ing, in which consume s could pu chase ood e en while in sel -qua an ine and
paid wi h he app (Zhao & Bacao, 2020). as a esul , he helped consume s o o m high expec a-
ions o he con inued use o m Das du ing he pandemic. Based on he o egoing, i is possible o
hypo hesise he ollowing:
h6: pe o mance expec ancy media es he link be ween and in en ion o con inue using m Das.
2.4.6. The mode a ing e ec o use expe ience
his s udy was based on use s’ di ec expe ience wi h m Das du ing he pandemic. p io empi ical s ud-
ies show ha he de e minan ac o s o i usage ha e di e ing in luencing e ec s on he use in en ion
depending on use expe ience (sinha & singh, 2022; sun e al., 2022). a ecen ea lie s udy in es iga ed
he ole o he use expe ience as a mode a o (al-shamaileh & su cli e, 2023). he e o e, he cu en
s udy ook he iew ha he in luence o use habi , hedonic mo i a ion, and pe cei ed expec ancy
would lead o a di e en ou come on use s’ con inuance in en ions i mode a ed by use expe ience. o
ins ance, nel and Bosho (2019) posi ha use expe ience leads o habi , which is explained by epea ed
beha iou . hus, once use s gain expe ience using he m Da, hei con inuance in en ions a e enhanced
by he expe ience. nel and Bosho (2019) also no e ha expe ience enhances he accu acy o in o ma-
ion sea ch and he abili y o e isi he in o ma ion o each highe le els o sea ching in a way ha
imp o es decision-making. in he cu en s udy, use s equi ed m Das o p o ide hem wi h pe inen
in o ma ion, such as menus, p ices and deli e y imes, o enhance hei decision-making abili ies. hus,
and pe o mance expec ancy could be enhanced by use expe ience. he e o e, he ollowing is
hypo hesised:
h7a: Use expe ience mode a es he ela ionship be ween and con inuance in en ion.
h7b: Use expe ience mode a es he ela ionship be ween pe o mance expec ancy and con inuance
in en ion.
h7c: Use expe ience mode a es he ela ionship be ween hedonic mo i a ion and con inuance in en ion.
h7d: Use expe ience mode a es he ela ionship be ween habi and con inuance in en ion.
3. Me hodology
3.1. Sample and da a collec ion
he empi ical s udy is based on in o ma ion ga he ed in 2021 om indi idual sou h a ican sma phone
use s who used m Das o o de ood online du ing he cOViD-19 pandemic. he s udy equi ed pa ic-
ipan s o be a leas 18 yea s old. in he absence o a sampling ame, a non-p obabili y sampling me hod
was deemed app op ia e, and he pu posi e sampling echnique was applied as he s udy a ge ed con-
sume s who had p e iously used a m Da du ing he pandemic. he da a was ga he ed h ough a
14 m. mUnDay anD m. hUmBani
(2020). hi dly, a he han he no mal p e-adop ion beha iou , he s udy looked a consume s’
pos -pu chase beha iou du ing he pandemic. examining use s’ beha iou om a pos -adop ion pe -
spec i e could b ing new insigh s and help s eng hen he heo e ical amewo k o in o ma ion sys em
use beha iou .
me ging he undamen al ene s o he U aU 2 and amewo ks in o an in eg a i e amewo k o
analyse he d i ing ac o s de e mining m Da use s’ con inuing in en s u he con ibu es o he li e a-
u e. acco ding o ahi e al. (2021), when se e al heo ies a e examined oge he , hey can p o ide a
deepe and mo e comp ehensi e explana ion o consume beha iou in he con ex o in o ma ion ech-
nology (i ) usage, han when each heo y is conside ed sepa a ely. hus, he p oposed amewo k was
en isaged o signi ican ly con ibu e o he cu en con e sa ions on i con inuance usage and can be
used as a basis o u u e ela ed s udies.
6.2. P ac ical implica ions
es au an owne s and app de elope s a e in es ing in he m Da ma ke o ap in o he g ow h po en-
ial ( amilmani e al., 2019). as a esul , he esea ch on m Da’s con inuous use could ha e a lo o
p ac ical implica ions, due o he b oad po en ial i has in many indus ies. o ins ance, he indings o
his s udy could be use ul o small and medium businesses looking o use apps du ing a simila c isis in
he u u e.
he s udy p o ides knowledge abou he salien ac o s ha can help m Da p o ide s o a ac mo e
cus ome s. as s a ed abo e, habi and pe o mance expec ancy a e key ac o s ha m Da p o ide s
should p io i ise in he design o he apps. encou aging habi ual use h ough p o iding incen i es and
pe sonalised se ice, and upg ading m Da unc ionali y would enhance con inued use in en ions. hus,
businesses can use he indings o his s udy o design winning s a egies ha mix echnology ea u es
and men al pe cep ions o build a s onge clien base, no only du ing a c isis bu also o u u e busi-
ness possibili ies, as highligh ed in p io esea ch (yap & lee, 2023).
ypical loyal y p og ammes a e one echnique o encou age con inuance usage, bu no he only one.
acco ding o Kelso (2021), o e 60% o consume s who ha e al eady signed up o a leas one loyal y
p og amme a e willing o spend mo e on ood o de s om es au an s i hey ha e a loyal y p og amme.
O e ing a loyal y p og amme in he digi al space could e ec i ely incen i ise cus ome s o e u n.
u he mo e, se ice p o ide s can use m Das o deli e mo e bene i s o use s by sending pe sonalised
messages o in o m hem abou p omo ions and o e s ele an o hei needs, which can imp o e
wo d-o -mou h in e ac ions and encou age use s o use he se ice again. implemen ing such s a egies
could help o explain why use s would in en ionally con inue o use m Das du ing he pandemic and
e en beyond.
7. Conclusion
he main pu pose o he s udy was o de e mine he salien ac o s d i ing in en ion o con inue
using m Das du ing he cOViD-19 pandemic, in o de o p o ide insigh s o managemen on how o
p epa e o simila c ises in u u e. he p oposed amewo k was de eloped by e ising he concep ual
pa adigms o he U aU 2 model and elimina ing he ac o s ha did no i he s udy con ex , while
inco po a ing o ob ain a new pe spec i e. consis en wi h ecen empi ical indings (alalwan,
2020; she h, 2020; am e al., 2020), habi and pe o mance expec ancy we e iden i ied as wo c i ical
p edic o s o con inuance in en ion o use m Das du ing he pandemic pe iod. hus, he s udy esul s
a i m he wo p ima y associa ions o he U aU 2 model in he con ex o a pandemic pe iod in a
de eloping coun y.
i is undeniable ha he e was a su ge in he use o mobile ood deli e y apps (m Das) du ing
he co id-19 pandemic, bu gi en he c i ical esea ch gaps, i is unclea i his inc ease is ‘s icky’
in he sense ha consume s who s a ed using m Das du ing he pandemic will con inue o do so
and why. he e a e con lic ing epo s in exis ing li e a u e. schola s such as nguyen e al. (2023)
and yap and lee (2023) a gue ha he popula i y o mobile ood o de ing applica ions is only
cOgen BUsiness & managemen 15
p ojec ed o inc ease in he upcoming yea s as hey ha e become a pe manen ix u e in he ood
se ice sec o . ac o s in a ou o his g ow h include in e -alia, he ise in popula i y o m Das,
he inc easing numbe o new adop e s who demand mo e pe sonalised se ices, and he
wo king- om-home end (nguyen e al., 2023). in con as , o oughi e al. (2023) epo ed ha
only 22% o newly egis e ed consume s will con inue o use m Das a e he i s week; by day
30, his numbe educes o 4%. his indica es a low e en ion a e o m Das. he e o e, o p ope ly
build and adminis e hei apps, m Da se ice p o ide s and ela ed s akeholde s need o unde -
s and he de e mining ac o s in luencing consume s’ pos -adop ion beha iou (anbuma hi e al.,
2023). his will allow hem o e ain clien s and main ain hei compe i i eness. agains his back-
d op, we con end ha sou h a ica is a ypical and inno a i e ma ke ha me i s esea ch in o he
no iceable shi s in consume beha iou owa d m Da usage a he pos -pandemic phase, om
which m Da p o ide s can lea n how o o e use s signi ican ly inno a i e unc ions, p oduc s, and
se ices, especially by encou aging equen use (i.e. s imula e con inued use).
m Da accessibili y, consis en pe o mance and e ec i eness could d i e habi ual use and con inued
app use. essen ially, he m Da should be capable in e ms o enabling use s o scan h ough all o he
nea by es au an s in he a ea, examine hei menus and choose he meals hey wan o ea wi h simply
a ap o click. essen ially, es au an s should aim o op imal deli e y speed, ime and e o by enabling
clien s o make o de s p omp ly and ack hei ood deli e ies.
in con as o yap and lee (2023) and lam e al. (2023)’s epo s, hedonic mo i a ion and did no
show a di ec in luence on con inuance in en ion in his s udy. he esul indica es ha du ing he
cOViD-19 pandemic, consume s did no conside he pleasu e o using a m Da o whe he he app was
i o he pu pose as impo an a ibu es, bu a he i s pe o mance was mo e c ucial o hem o ealise
he alue o using hem. in conclusion, he s udy also showed ha con inuance in en ion is a complex
cons uc ha equi es igo ous inqui y o add ess consume s’ unde lying issues, as hei pe cep ions can
change o e ime, as epo ed by Kuma i and Biswas (2023).
howe e , he esea ch p o ides a comp ehensi e iew o sou h a ican consume s’ use o m Da
du ing a c isis and c ea es a basis upon which u u e business oppo uni ies in a simila si ua ion can be
seized. he indings sugges he need o academics and p ac i ione s o con inuously e ine he exis ing
models o echnology accep ance, in andem wi h changing consume beha iou and si ua ional
in luences.
epo s indica e ha abou 92% o use s will unins all a mobile app i i c ashes, eezes, o is oo
slow (89%) (inside in elligence, 2018). his sugges s ha app de elope s should ocus on designing
high-pe o mance apps ha a e no only secu e, bu also e icien and ully unc ional o encou age
use s o keep using hem despi e a pandemic o a simila c isis. he beha iou al model used in his
s udy will help esea che s, specialis s and policy make s o c ea e p ac ical ma ke ing plans o m Das.
8. Limi a ions and di ec ions o u u e esea ch
he ollowing limi a ions should be conside ed when in e p e ing he s udy’s indings. o begin
wi h, his s udy only included esponden s om sou h a ica, and he e o e, he indings may no
apply o o he cul u es, coun ies o loca ions. as a esul , u u e esea ch should expand he sam-
ple p o ile o o he egions, o add o he body o exis ing knowledge on he subjec . secondly,
he sample was skewed owa ds emale pa icipan s. u u e s udies could sample a ela i ely equal
spli sample o bo h men and women, o ha e a be e unde s anding o he phenomena.
u he mo e, his s udy p ima ily e lec s he sho - e m pe spec i es o m Da use s, pa icula ly
du ing he cOViD-19 pandemic, and u u e esea ch can unde ake longi udinal s udies ha look
a he esea ch indings ac oss ime.
Because he cu en s udy ocused on m Das in gene al, he esea ch app oach can be adjus ed o
speci ic m Da pla o ms, m Da s akeholde s, o ela ed businesses. he s udy can also be applied o
se e al so s o echnologies o boos he deg ee o which he esul s can be gene alised. inally, u u e
esea ch migh look a he impac o in o he con ex s o see whe he nega i e indings can be
ound, and i so, clea in e ences can be d awn o add o he exis ing body o knowledge.
16 m. mUnDay anD m. hUmBani
Disclosu e s a emen
no po en ial con lic o in e es was epo ed by he au ho (s).
Abou he au ho s
M s Monique Munday was a mas e s s uden in he Depa men o ma ke ing managemen du ing
2021. monique conduc ed and comple ed he esea ch as pa o he ul ilmen o he mas e o
comme ce (mcom) deg ee in ma ke ing managemen and g adua ed in 2022.
D Michael Humbani is a senio lec u e in he Depa men o ma ke ing managemen a he
Uni e si y o p e o ia. his esea ch ocus a ea is mobile ma ke ing, and his esea ch wo ks can be
ound in jou nals such as he In e na ional Jou nal o Bank Ma ke ing, In e na ional Re iew o Re ail,
Dis ibu ion and Consume Resea ch, and Jou nal o A ican Business.
ORCID
michael humbani h p://o cid.o g/0000-0002-2416-5016
Re e ences
al amin, m., a e in, m. s., alam, m. ., ahammad, ., & hoque, m. . (2021). Using mobile ood deli e y applica ions
du ing cOViD-19 pandemic: an ex ended model o planned beha io . Jou nal o Food P oduc s Ma ke ing, 27(2),
1–18. h ps://doi.o g/10.1080/10454446.2021.1906817
alalwan, a. a. (2020). mobile ood o de ing apps: an empi ical s udy o he ac o s a ec ing cus ome e-sa is ac ion
and con inued in en ion o euse. In e na ional Jou nal o In o ma ion Managemen , 50, 28–44. h ps://doi.
o g/10.1016/j.ijin omg .2019.04.008
al-shamaileh, O., & su cli e, a. (2023). Why people choose apps: an e alua ion o he ecology and use expe ience
o mobile applica ions. In e na ional Jou nal o Human-Compu e S udies, 170, 102965. h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.
ijhcs.2022.102965
anbuma hi, ., Do ai, s., & palaniappan, U. (2023). e alua ing he ole o echnology and non- echnology ac o s
in luencing b and lo e in Online ood Deli e y se ices. Jou nal o Re ailing and Consume Se ices, 71, 103181.
app annie. (2021). The s a e o mobile 2021. h ps://www.appannie.com/en/go/s a e-o -mobile-2021/
Babin, B. J., & ha is, e. g. (2014). Consume beha io (s uden ed.). sou h-Wes e n cengage lea ning.
Belanche, D., la ián, m., & pé ez- ueda, a. (2020). mobile apps use and WOm in he ood deli e y sec o : he ole
o planned beha io , pe cei ed secu i y and cus ome li es yle compa ibili y. Sus ainabili y, 12(10), 4275. h ps://
doi.o g/10.3390/su12104275
Bha ache jee, a. & p emkuma , g. (2004). Unde s anding changes in belie and a i ude owa d in o ma ion echnol-
ogy usage: a heo e ical model and longi udinal es . MIS Qua e ly, 28(2), 229–254. h ps://doi.o g/10.2307/25148634
Bha ache jee, a. (2001). Unde s anding in o ma ion sys ems con inuance: an expec a ion-con i ma ion model. MIS
Qua e ly, 25(3), 351–370. h ps://doi.o g/10.2307/3250921
B ewe , p., & sebby, a. g. (2021). he e ec o online es au an menus on consume s’ pu chase in en ions du ing he
co id-19 pandemic. In e na ional Jou nal o Hospi ali y Managemen , 94, 102777. h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102777
cha eesuk, s., Khalid, B., & chaiyasoon ho n, W. (2022). con inuance in en ion o use digi al paymen s in mi iga ing
he sp ead o cOViD-19 i us. In e na ional Jou nal o Da a and Ne wo k Science, 6(2), 527–536. h ps://doi.
o g/10.5267/j.ijdns.2021.12.001
cheng, y., sha ma, s., sha ma, p., & Kula hunga, K. (2020). ole o pe sonaliza ion in con inuous use in en ion o mobile
news apps in india: ex ending he U aU 2 model. In o ma ion, 11(1), 33. h ps://doi.o g/10.3390/in o11010033
cho, m., Bonn, m. a., & li, J. J (. (2019). Di e ences in pe cep ions abou ood deli e y apps be ween single-pe son and
mul i-pe son households. In e na ional Jou nal o Hospi ali y Managemen , 77, 108–116. h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.
ijhm.2018.06.019
cho igo, J., & Kadono, y. (2021). compa a i e analysis o key ac o s encou aging ood deli e y app adop ion be o e
and du ing he cOViD-19 pandemic in hailand. Sus ainabili y, 13(8), 4088. h ps://doi.o g/10.3390/su13084088
cOgen BUsiness & managemen 17
coppola, D. (2022). Global online shopping ca abandonmen a e 2006–2020. h ps://www.s a is a.com/s a is ics/477804/
online-shopping-ca -abandonmen - a e-wo ldwide/#:~: ex =acco ding%20 o%20da a%20 eco ded%20in, ace%20
di icul y%20in%20con e ing%20cus ome s
Delone, W. h., & mclean, e. . (2004). measu ing e-comme ce success: applying he Delone & mclean in o ma ion
sys ems success model. In e na ional Jou nal o Elec onic Comme ce, 9(1), 31–47. h ps://doi.o g/10.1080/10864415
.2004.11044317
o nell, c., & la cke , D. . (1981). e alua ing s uc u al equa ion models wi h unobse able a iables and measu e-
men e o . Jou nal o Ma ke ing Resea ch, 18(1), 39–50. h ps://doi.o g/10.1177/002224378101800104
o oughi, B., yadega idehko di, e., i anmanesh, m., sukcha oen, ., ghobakhlo, m., & nilashi, m. (2023). De e minan s
o con inuance in en ion o use ood deli e y apps: indings om pls and sQca. In e na ional Jou nal o
Con empo a y Hospi ali y Managemen , 1–28. ahead-o -p in . h ps://doi.o g/10.1108/iJchm-10-2022-1209
anque, . B., Oli ei a, ., & am, c. (2023). con inuance in en ion o mobile paymen : model wi h us in an
a ican con ex . In o ma ion Sys ems F on ie s, 25(2), 775–793.
goodhue, D. l., & hompson, . l. (1995). ask- echnology i and indi idual pe o mance. MIS Qua e ly, 19(2), 213–
236. h ps://doi.o g/10.2307/249689
gunden, n., mo osan, c., & De anco, a. (2020). consume s’ in en ions o use online ood deli e y sys ems in he Usa.
In e na ional Jou nal o Con empo a y Hospi ali y Managemen , 32(3), 1325–1345. h ps://doi.o g/10.1108/iJchm-06-2019-0595
gWi. (2020). Consume snapsho : Sou h A ica. h ps://www.gwi.com/ epo s/sou h-a ica-consume s
hai , J. ., Black, W. c., Babin, B. J., & ande son, . e. (2019). Mul i a ia e da a analysis (8 h ed.). cengage.
hensele , J., ingle, c. m., & sa s ed , m. (2015). a new c i e ion o assessing disc iminan alidi y in a iance-based
s uc u al equa ion modelling. Jou nal o he Academy o Ma ke ing Science, 43(1), 115–135. h ps://doi.o g/10.1007/
s11747-014-0403-8
he nández-O ega, B., Jiménez-ma ínez, J., & José ma ín-Dehoyos, m. (2008). Di e ences be ween po en ial, new
and expe ienced e-cus ome s: analysis o e-pu chasing beha iou . In e ne Resea ch, 18(3), 248–265. h ps://doi.
o g/10.1108/10662240810883308
humbani, m., & Wiese, m. (2019). an in eg a ed amewo k o he adop ion and con inuance in en ion o use mobile
paymen apps. In e na ional Jou nal o Bank Ma ke ing, 37(2), 646–664. h ps://doi.o g/10.1108/iJBm-03-2018-0072
inside in elligence. (2018). Why mobile use s download (and dele e) e ail apps. h ps://www.inside in elligence.com/
con en /why-mobile-use s-download-and-dele e- e ail-apps
Kah Boon, l., sook e n, y., Xin yee, ., & cheng ling, . (2023). in es iga ing he e-walle usage con inuance in en ion
in malaysia pos -co id 19 pandemic. In e na ional Jou nal o Business and Technology Managemen , 5(1), 333–350.
Ka imi, c. (2020). Reliable ood deli e y apps Sou h A ica 2020. h ps://b ie ly.co.za/52587- eliable- ood-deli e
y-apps-sou h-a ica-2020.h ml
Ka s, . (2020). Mo e consume s a e u ning o ood deli e y apps amid indoo dining es ic ions. h ps://www.ema ke e .
com/con en /mo e-consume s- u ning- ood-deli e y-apps-amid-indoo -dining- es ic ions?ecid=nl1014
Kelso, a. (2021). Nea ly hal o dine s join a leas one es au an loyal y p og am. Paymen Di e. h ps://www.
paymen sdi e.com/news/nea ly-hal -o -dine s-join-a -leas -one- es au an -loyal y-p og am/602680/
Kuma i, n., & Biswas, a. (2023). Does m-paymen se ice quali y and pe cei ed alue co-c ea ion pa icipa ion mag-
ni y m-paymen con inuance usage in en ion? mode a ion o use ulness and se e i y. In e na ional Jou nal o Bank
Ma ke ing, 41(6), 1330–1359. h ps://doi.o g/10.1108/iJBm-11-2022-0500
lam, . n., Vuong, . K., & an, s. . (2023). Key ac o s in luencing cus ome sa is ac ion and in en ion o euse ood
o de ing apps. Managemen Dynamics in he Knowledge Economy, 11(2), 152–169.
ly, h. . n., Khuong, n. V., & son, . h. (2022). De e minan s a ec mobile walle con inuous usage in co id 19 pandemic:
e idence om Vie nam. Cogen Business & Managemen , 9(1), 2041792. h ps://doi.o g/10.1080/23311975.2022.2041792
macKinnon, D. p., lockwood, c. m., ho man, J. m., Wes , s. g., & shee s, V. (2002). a compa ison o me hods o es
media ion and o he in e ening a iable e ec s. Psychological Me hods, 7(1), 83–104. h ps://doi.
o g/10.1037/1082-989x.7.1.83
ma ani, m., Ka ul, g. g., pan, W. K., & pa ola i, a. J. (2021). in ensi y and equency o ex eme no el epidemics.
P oceedings o he Na ional Academy o Sciences, 118(35), e2105482118. h ps://doi.o g/10.1073/pnas.2105482118
nel, J., & Bosho , c. (2019). Online cus ome s’ habi -ine ia nexus as a condi ional e ec o mobile-se ice expe ience:
a mode a ed-media ion and mode a ed se ial-media ion in es iga ion o mobile-se ice use esis ance. Jou nal o
Re ailing and Consume Se ices, 47, 282–292. h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.j e conse .2018.12.003
nguyen, ., huang, e., & nguyen, D. m. (2023). ood deli e y app con inuance: a dual model and segmen a ion ap-
p oach. In e na ional Jou nal o Re ail & Dis ibu ion Managemen , 51(5), 569–589.
nicD. (2023). Daily hospi al su eillance epo . h ps://www.nicd.ac.za/diseases-a-z-index/disease-index-co id-19/
su eillance- epo s/daily-hospi al-su eillance-da co - epo /
ahi, s., Khan, m. m., & alghizzawi, m. (2021). ex ension o echnology con inuance heo y ( c ) wi h ask echnol-
ogy i ( ) in he con ex o in e ne banking use con inuance in en ion. In e na ional Jou nal o Quali y &
Reliabili y Managemen , 38(4), 986–1004. h ps://doi.o g/10.1108/iJQ m-03-2020-0074
ahi, s., mansou , m. m. O., alghizzawi, m., & alnase , . m. (2019). in eg a ion o U aU model in in e ne banking
adop ion con ex : he media ing ole o pe o mance expec ancy and e o expec ancy. Jou nal o Resea ch in
In e ac i e Ma ke ing, 13(3), 411–435. h ps://doi.o g/10.1108/J im-02-2018-0032
18 m. mUnDay anD m. hUmBani
amos, K. (2022). ac o s in luencing cus ome s’ con inuance usage in en ion o ood deli e y apps du ing cOViD-19
qua an ine in mexico. B i ish Food Jou nal, 124(3), 833–852. h ps://doi.o g/10.1108/B J-01-2021-0020
od íguez-a du a, i., & mesegue -a ola, a. (2020). how o p e en , de ec and con ol common me hod a iance in
elec onic comme ce esea ch. Jou nal o Theo e ical and Applied Elec onic Comme ce Resea ch, 15(2), 0–0. h ps://
doi.o g/10.4067/s0718-18762020000200101
oh, m., & pa k, K. (2019). adop ion o O2O ood deli e y se ices in sou h Ko ea: he mode a ing ole o mo al
obliga ion in meal p epa a ion. In e na ional Jou nal o In o ma ion Managemen , 47, 262–273. h ps://doi.
o g/10.1016/j.ijin omg .2018.09.017
shahzad, K., Zhang, Q., Za a , a. U., ash aq, m., & ehman, s. U. (2023). he ole o blockchain-enabled aceabili y,
ask echnology i , and use sel -e icacy in mobile ood deli e y applica ions. Jou nal o Re ailing and Consume
Se ices, 73, 103331. h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.j e conse .2023.103331
shao, Z., Zhang, l., li, X., & guo, y. (2019). an eceden s o us and con inuance in en ion in mobile paymen pla -
o ms: he mode a ing e ec o gende . Elec onic Comme ce Resea ch and Applica ions, 33, 100823. h ps://doi.
o g/10.1016/j.ele ap.2018.100823
sha ma, s., cheng, y., & sha ma, p. (2022). De e minan s o con inuous use in en ion o news apps in india: owa ds
an in eg a ed model. In e na ional Jou nal o Human–Compu e In e ac ion, 39(12), 2450–2467. h ps://doi.o g/10.1
080/10447318.2022.2076774
she h, J. (2020). impac o co id-19 on consume beha io : Will he old habi s e u n o die? Jou nal o Business
Resea ch, 117, 280–283. h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.jbus es.2020.05.059
shop i e holdings l d. (2021). Checke s Six y60 named one o Memebu n’s bes apps o 2020. h ps://www.
shop i eholdings.co.za/a icles/news oom/2021/checke s-six y60-one-o -memebu n-bes -apps-2020.h ml
sinha, n., & singh, n. (2022). mode a ing and media ing e ec o pe cei ed expe ience on me chan ’s beha io al
in en ion o use mobile paymen s se ices. Jou nal o Financial Se ices Ma ke ing, 28(3), 448–465. h ps://doi.
o g/10.1057/s41264-022-00163-y
s eelakshmi, c. c., & p a hap, s. K. (2020). con inuance adop ion o mobile-based paymen s in co id-19 con ex : an
in eg a ed amewo k o heal h belie model and expec a ion con i ma ion model. In e na ional Jou nal o Pe asi e
Compu ing and Communica ions, 16(4), 351–369. h ps://doi.o g/10.1108/iJpcc-06-2020-0069
s a is a. (2022). Online ood deli e y in Sou h A ica. h ps://www.s a is a.com/ou look/dmo/ese ices/online- ood-
deli e y/sou h-a ica
s a is ics sa. (2021). S a is ical elease P6420, ood and be e ages (p elimina y). h p://www.s a ssa.go .za/publica ions/
p6420/p64
sun, y., Xue, W., Bandyopadhyay, s., & cheng, D. (2022). Wecha mobile-paymen -based sma e ail cus ome expe-
ience: an in eg a ed amewo k. In o ma ion Technology and Managemen , 23(2), 77–94. h ps://doi.o g/10.1007/
s10799-021-00346-4
am, c., san os, D., & Oli ei a, . (2020). explo ing he in luen ial ac o s o con inuance in en ion o use mobile apps:
ex ending he expec a ion con i ma ion model. In o ma ion Sys ems F on ie s, 22(1), 243–257. h ps://doi.
o g/10.1007/s10796-018-9864-5
amilmani, K., ana, n. p., p akasam, n., & Dwi edi, y. K. (2019). he ba le o b ain s. hea : a li e a u e e iew and
me a-analysis o “hedonic mo i a ion” use in U aU 2. In e na ional Jou nal o In o ma ion Managemen , 46, 222–
235. h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.ijin omg .2019.01.008
imu , B., Oğuz, y. e., & yilmaz, V. (2023). consume beha io o mobile ood o de ing app use s du ing cOViD-19:
Dining a i udes, e-sa is ac ion, pe cei ed isk, and con inuance in en ion. Jou nal o Hospi ali y and Tou ism
Technology, 14(3), 460–475. h ps://doi.o g/10.1108/Jh -04-2021-0129
ipa hi, s. n., s i as a a, s., & Vishnani, s. (2021). mobile walle s: achie ing in en ion o ecommend by b ick and
mo a e aile s. Jou nal o Ma ke ing Theo y and P ac ice, 30(2), 1–17.
Ukpabi, D., Ka jaluo o, h., Olaleye, s. a., & abass, s. m. (2019). ac o s in luencing mobile banking con inuous use in
sub-saha a a ica: a s udy o mobile banking use s in nige ia. in a. a. shaikh & h. Ka jaluo o (eds.), Ma ke ing and
mobile inancial se ices: A global pe spec i e on digi al banking consume beha iou (pp. 92–115). ou ledge s udies
in ma ke ing. h ps://doi.o g/10.4324/9781351174466-5
Venka esh, V., hong, J. y. l. & Xu, X. (2012). consume accep ance and use o in o ma ion echnology: ex ending he
uni ied heo y o accep ance and use o echnology. MIS Qua e ly, 36(1), 157–178. h ps://doi.o g/10.2307/41410412
Wang, c., ha is, J., & pa e son, p. (2013). he oles o habi , sel -e icacy, and sa is ac ion in d i ing con inued use
o sel -se ice echnologies: a longi udinal s udy. Jou nal o Se ice Resea ch, 16(3), 400–414. h ps://doi.
o g/10.1177/1094670512473200
yap, c. p., & lee, W. O. (2023). ac o s in luencing con inuance in en ion o adop Online ood Deli e y se ices
among millennials du ing he co id-19 pandemic. in 10 h In e na ional Con e ence on Business, Accoun ing, Finance
and Economics (BAFE 2022) (pp. 47–65). a lan is p ess.
yuan, s., liu, y., yao, ., & liu, J. (2016). an in es iga ion o use s’ con inuance in en ion owa ds mobile banking in
china. In o ma ion De elopmen , 32(1), 20–34. h ps://doi.o g/10.1177/0266666914522140
Zhao, y., & Bacao, . (2020). Wha ac o s de e mining cus ome con inuingly using ood deli e y apps du ing 2019
no el co ona i us pandemic pe iod? In e na ional Jou nal o Hospi ali y Managemen , 91, 102683. h ps://doi.
o g/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102683
