SOEP-Core - 2023: Report of survey methodology and fieldwork

Weitz, Jennifer et al. Research Report SOEP-Core - 2023: Report of survey methodology and fieldwork SOEP Survey Papers, No. 1495 Provided in Cooperation with: German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin) Suggested Citation: Weitz, Jennifer et al. (2025) : SOEP-Core - 2023: Report of survey methodology and fieldwork, SOEP Survey Papers, No. 1495, Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW), German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), Berlin This Version is available at: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/316313 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. 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If the documents have been made available under an Open Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ Jennifer Weitz, Michael Ruland, Thomas Weiß, Doris Hess, Lennard Liebich, Theresa Müller, Jonathan Eisleb, Maximilian Ponert (infas) Series B - Survey Reports (Methodenberichte) SOEP-Core – 2023: Report of Survey Methodology and Fieldwork 1495 2025 Running since 1984, the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) is a wide-ranging representative longitudinal study of private households, located at the German Institute for Economic Research, DIW Berlin. The aim of the SOEP Survey Papers Series is to thoroughly document the survey’s data collection and data processing. The SOEP Survey Papers is comprised of the following series: Series A – Survey Instruments (Erhebungsinstrumente) Series B – Survey Reports (Methodenberichte) Series C – Data Documentation (Datendokumentationen) Series D – Variable Descriptions and Coding Series E – SOEPmonitors Series F – SOEP Newsletters Series G – General Issues and Teaching Materials The SOEP Survey Papers are available at http://www.diw.de/soepsurveypapers Editors: Dr. Jan Goebel, DIW Berlin Dr. Christian Hunkler, DIW Berlin Prof. Dr. Philipp Lersch, DIW Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Dr. Levent Neyse, DIW Berlin and Berlin Social Science Center (WZB) Prof. Dr. Carsten Schröder, DIW Berlin and Freie Universität Berlin Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn, DIW Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Please cite this paper as follows: Jennifer Weitz, Michael Ruland, Thomas Weiß, Doris Hess, Lennard Liebich, Theresa Müller, Jonathan Eisleb, Maximilian Ponert (infas). 2025. SOEP-Core – 2023: Report of Survey Methodology and Fieldwork. SOEP Survey Papers 1495: Series B. Berlin: DIW/SOEP. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. © 2025 by SOEP ISSN: 2193-5580 (online) DIW Berlin German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) Mohrenstr. 58 10117 Berlin, Germany Contact: [email protected] SOEP-Core – 2023: Report of Survey Methodology and Fieldwork Jennifer Weitz, Michael Ruland, Thomas Weiß, Doris Hess, Lennard Liebich, Theresa Müller, Jonathan Eisleb, Maximilian Ponert (infas) Bonn, 2025 Report to Project Sozio-oekonomisches Panel (SOEP) DIW Berlin Mohrenstraße 58 10177 Berlin 7707/7708/7709 Bonn, November 2024 Wz, Rm, Wt, Hd, LI, Mt, Eo, Pm Submitted by infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH (infas Institute for Applied Social Sciences) Kurt-Schumacher-Straße 24 53113 Bonn Germany Contact Doris Hess Head of Department Social Research Phone +49 (0)228/38 22-413 Fax +49 (0)228/310071 Email [email protected] Authors Jennifer Weitz, Michael Ruland, Thomas Weiß, Doris Hess, Lennard Liebich, Theresa Müller, Jonathan Eisleb, Maximilian Ponert infas is certified to ISO 20252 “Market, opinion and social research”. The contents of this report, in total or in part, may be published, copied, printed or saved in information storage and retrieval systems, processed or distributed with our written consent only. infas is member of ADM and ESOMAR. Preliminary Remark The SocioEconomic Panel (SOEP) is conducted by infas Institute for Applied Social Sciences on behalf of the German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin). This wave report documents the main steps of the empirical implementation and execution of this 40th survey wave for all subsamples of SOEP-CORE, SOEP-IS and the IABBAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees 2023, which were conducted in a mixed-mode design. All survey documents used are documented in the appendix. infas Institute for Applied Social Sciences Contents 1 Introduction 11 2 SOEP-CORE 12 2.1 Panel Samples (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 15 2.1.1 Gross Sample 17 2.1.2 Design 22 2.1.3 Results 38 2.2 Refreshment Sample M8c 57 2.2.1 Gross Sample 58 2.2.2 Design 59 2.2.3 Results 60 2.3 Interviewer Monitoring 69 2.4 Data Checking, Processing and Delivery 70 2.4.1 Data Cleaning and Data Processing 70 2.4.2 Data Delivery 72 3 IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees in Germany 74 3.1 Panel Samples (M3-M6) 75 3.1.1 Gross Sample 76 3.1.2 Design 80 3.1.3 Results 89 3.2 Refreshment Sample M9 103 3.2.1 Gross Sample 105 3.2.2 Design 107 3.2.3 Results 110 3.2.4 Follow-up Online Survey 124 3.3 Interviewer Monitoring 129 3.4 Data Delivery 130 4 SOEP-IS 132 4.1 Panel Samples (E1, E2, I1-I6) 132 4.1.1 Gross Sample 134 4.1.2 Design 138 4.1.3 Results 150 4.2 Refreshment Sample (I7) 162 4.2.1 Gross Sample 163 4.2.2 Design 164 4.2.3 Results 167 4.3 Interviewer Monitoring 173 4.4 Data Delivery 173 Attachment 175 List of Figures Figure 1 The Mixed-mode Design (A-R, M1, M2, M7) 22 Figure 2 Contact Strategy in 2023 for Subsamples A-R, M1, M2, M7 and CAPIStarters M8a, M8b 30 Figure 3 Completion of Household Interviews in the Field (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 38 Figure 4 Completion of Household Interviews in the Field (M8c) 61 Figure 5 Completion of Household Interviews in the Field (M3-M6) 89 Figure 6 Completion of Household Interviews in the Field (M9) 112 Figure 7 Overview Fieldwork Phases (Follow-up Online Survey) 125 Figure 8 Example of an estimation question of the Module “Molleman” 142 List of Tables Table 1 Overview of Subsamples (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b, M8c) 13 Table 2 Summary Fieldwork (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 15 Table 3 Panel Status of Households Before the Start of the 2023 Survey Wave by Subsample (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) 17 Table 4 Panel Status of Households Before the Start of the 2023 Survey Wave by Subsample (R, M8b) 18 Table 5 Gross Sample by Household Size and Subsample (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) 18 Table 6 Gross Sample by Household Size and Subsample (R, M8b) 19 Table 7 Gross Sample by Federal State and Subsample (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) 19 Table 8 Gross Sample by Federal State and Subsample (R, M8b) 20 Table 9 Gross Sample by Municipality Size and Subsample (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) 21 Table 10 Gross Sample by Municipality Size and Subsample (R, M8b) 21 Table 11 Overview of Survey Instruments (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 25 Table 12 Overview of Communication/Survey Documents (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 32 Table 13 Characteristics of the Interviewer Staff (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 37 Table 14 Participation at Household Level by Type of Household (AAPOR Codes) (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 39 Table 15 Participation at Household Level by Subsample (AAPOR Codes) (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) 41 Table 16 Participation at Household Level by Subsample (AAPOR Codes) (R, M8b) 42 Table 17 Number of Interviewer Contacts by Field Result (AAPOR Codes) (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 43 Table 18 Results Letter for Non-contacts at Household Level (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 44 Table 19 Results PAPI Conversion-letter at Household Level (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 44 Table 20 Results CAWI Conversion-letter at Household Level (R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 44 Table 21 Results Follow-up Letter CAWI-Starters (M8a, M8b) 45 Table 22 Participation at Individual Level by Subsample (AAPOR Codes) (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) 46 Table 23 Participation at Individual Level by Subsample (AAPOR Codes) (R, M8b) 47 Table 24 Partial Unit Non-response by Subsample (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) 48 Table 25 Partial Unit Non-response by Subsample (R, M8b) 48 Table 26 Partial Unit Non-response by Household Size (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 49 Table 27 Results of Switch to PAPI at Individual Level (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 49 Table 28 Results of Switch to CAWI at Individual Level (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) 50 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 13 Tabelle 1 Overview of Subsamples (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b, M8c) Identifier Subsamples Year of initial survey Households in the gross sample 2023 A Residents in the Federal Republic of Germany 1984 951 B Foreigners in the Federal Republic of Germany 1984 111 C German residents in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) 1990 625 D Immigrants 1994/1995 96 E Refresher 1998 38 F Refresher 2000 1,255 G High income 2002 422 H Refresher 2006 376 J Refresher 2011 1,290 K Refresher 2012 709 L1 Cohorts 2010 847 L2/L3 Family types I/II 2010/2011 1,904 M1 Migration 2013 984 M2 Migration 2015 355 M7 Migration 2020 582 M8a Migration 2020 924 M8b Migration 2022 2,367 M8c Migration-Refresher 2023 16,500 N PIAAC 2017 1,710 O Social-City 2018 584 P Top shareholder 2019 1,367 Q Queer 2019 437 R Refresher 2022 6,716 All subsamples total 41,150 Source: infas – Subsamples M7 and M8a: These migrant samples were drawn in 2020. The target group of the M7 subsample consists of migrants from the EU countries Poland, Bulgaria, and Romania and is intended to reflect migration dynamics in the period from 2016 to 2018. M8a consists of migrants from non-EU countries who arrived in Germany between 2017 and 2018. – Subsample M8b: This migrant sample was drawn in 2022. It consists of migrants from non-EU countries who arrived in Germany between 2019 and 2020. – Subsample M8c: This migrant sample was drawn in 2023. It consists of migrants from non-EU countries who arrived in Germany in 2020 or later. – Subsample N: The Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) was commissioned by the OECD to examine the basic competencies needed to participate successfully in society and in working life. The first Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 14 survey was conducted in 2011/2012. The cooperation project PIAAC-L of GESIS (Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences) aimed at transforming the PIAAC study into a longitudinal survey with three repeat waves. In 2017, households from this study were integrated into the SOEP. – Subsample O: In cooperation with the Federal Institute for Research on Building, Urban Affairs and Spatial Development (BBSR), new households were recruited in 2018 in areas participating in the so-called "Socially Integrative City" program and combined into subsample O. – Subsample P: The "top shareholder" subsample P consists of households in which people live who own company shares of high value. A primary objective for drawing this sample was to put the federal government's Poverty and Wealth Report on a more solid empirical footing. – Subsample Q: In 2019, the SOEP was expanded to include the so-called LGB sample (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual). This subsample Q supplements the SOEP with data on the living conditions of people with a homosexual and bisexual orientation; in this respect, the SOEP previously offered only few possibilities for analysis. – Subsample R: In 2022 the SOEP was refreshed by subsample R by additional households. R is a nationwide representative random sample. The following chapters provide an insight into the preparations for the 40th survey wave. In addition to the study design, including the incentive concept and the corresponding survey instruments, this also includes key data on interview training, contact strategies and tracking measures to find households that have moved away or not been reached. The panel samples (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) are discussed first in Chapter 2.1, followed by the refreshment sample M8c in Chapter 2.2. In each case, a brief overview of the study implementation for the respective subsample(s) is given first. In order to gain an impression of the sample sizes, the gross sizes of the panel samples are then presented so that the initial situation of the addresses to be processed in 2023 is known. The implemented survey design is then presented, including the survey instruments used, the contact strategy applied and the interviewer deployment. Finally, the field results are presented. Following that, for the whole of SOEP-CORE, in Chapter 2.3 quality control is discussed as well as data checking, processing and delivery in Chapter 2.4. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 15 2.1 Panel Samples (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) The SOEP-CORE panel sample survey began in April 2023 and ended in December 2023. 24,650 households were to be contacted during this period, of which 14,165 household took part. The interviews were conducted in the following modes: – Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) – Computer Assisted Self-administered Interview (CASI) – Computer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) – Paper And Pencil Interview (PAPI) – Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) Within the participating households, a total of 15,984 individual interviews were conducted with adults and 739 interviews with adolescents. In addition, parents provided information on 1,570 children. Table 2 below presents the key parameters of the 2023 survey, which will be discussed in more detail in the following chapters. Tabelle 2 Summary Fieldwork (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) SOEP-CORE 2023: Subsamples A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b Mode Mixed-Mode design: CAPI, CAWI, CASI, CATI, PAPI Implementation period August 2022 until March 2024 Fieldwork phase April 2023 (CW 14) 2023 – December 2023 (CW 52 2023) Target Population Households with follow-up concept of all household members (nationwide) Sample Panel sample: − all households from previous waves without panel refusal − minus revocations in the meantime Gross sample (household level) Total n = 24,650, of which: n = 20,166 repeater n = 4,047 temporary dropout n = 437 new households (split) Survey instruments – Household questionnaire (CAPI, CASI, CAWI, CATI, PAPI) – Individual questionnaire (CAPI, CASI, CAWI, CATI, PAPI) – Biography questionnaire (CAPI, CASI, CAWI, CATI, PAPI) – Grip strength test (CAPI) – Youth questionnaire (CAPI, CASI, CAWI, CATI) – Competency test “Lust auf DJ” (CAPI, CASI) – Integrated child questionnaire (CAPI, CASI, CAWI, CATI) – Gap questionnaire (CAPI, CASI, CAWI, CATI, PAPI) – Deceased individual question. (CAPI, CASI, CAWI, CATI, PAPI) Foreign language instruments The questionnaires are used in the languages German and English (excluding the competency test “Lust auf DJ”, which was only available in German). Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 16 Questionnaire durations – Household questionnaire: Ø 24.2 min. – Individual questionnaire: Ø 42.3 min. – Biography questionnaire: Ø 25.6 min. – Grip strength test: Ø 3.0 min. – Youth questionnaire: Ø 20.7 min. – Competency test “Lust auf DJ” Ø 24.0 min. – Child questionnaire: Ø 8.1 min. – Gap questionnaire: Ø 1.6 min. – „Deceased individual" questionnaire Ø 4.6 min. Completed interviews Household Level: Households with interview: 14,168 (57.5 percent) Interviewed households with household questionnaire and at least one individual questionnaire: 12,428 (50.4 percent) Completed individuals born 2005 or earlier: 18,037 (38.7 percent) Incentive − Completed samples A-R, M1, M2: incentivization of all respondents (up to cohort 2005: 10 euro or cohorts 2006-2011: 5 euro) − Completed samples M7, M8a, M8b: incentivization of all respondents (up to cohort 2005: 40 euro or cohorts 2006-2011: 5 euro) Tracking Proactive tracking techniques: − Panel maintenance between survey waves (New Year’s Card to household, birthday card to adults in households) − Advance letter to the individuals in the panel sample − Thank-you letter send to all participants with incentive − free hotline − Study-specific e-mail-address − Study website Address research via information − Of the interview households/household members − Of the interviewers − Address factory of the Deutsche Post − EWO research (registration office tracking) − Telephone number research − Online address portal Interviewer deployment 433 interviewers from the face-to-face field 85 interviewers from the CATI field Interviewer training (digital or presence) CAPI: − 6 trainings for interviewers with experience in the SOEP survey − 7 trainings for interviewers without experience in the SOEP survey CATI: − 2 trainings for interviewers with experience in the SOEP survey Source: infas Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 17 2.1.1 Gross Sample The gross sample for the 2023 survey is based on the results of the previous year's wave. In principle, all active participants (households and household members) from the previous wave as well as the temporary dropouts from this wave - i.e. those who suspended their participation in 2022 - are asked again in 2023 to participate in the study. Households or individuals who indicated in 2022 that they are no longer willing or able to support the study in the subsequent waves, on the other hand, will no longer participate in the study and do therefore not receive another invitation. As a result, 24,213 1households form the gross sample for the 2023 survey wave (see Table 3 and Table 4). Of these, 20,166 belong to the repeatedly surveyed households. Per design, households of the refreshment samples from 2022 (R and M8b) were only deployed in 2023 if they participated in 2022. Due to the dynamic panel concept, in which people who have moved out of a panel household continue to be interviewed as part of the study, the size of the gross sample also increases over the course of a wave. The new address is surveyed by the interviewer and these persons form so-called split households. Only persons who have moved abroad cannot form split households and are not interviewed further. At the end of the fieldwork for this 2023 survey wave, 437 new households were added. Tabelle 3 Panel Status of Households Before the Start of the 2023 Survey Wave by Subsample (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) Household Level Total Basis Migration A-Q M1, M2 M7 M8a abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 15,199 100.0 12,402 100.0 1,305 100.0 578 100.0 914 100.0 Participating households from previous wave 11,152 73.4 9,902 79.8 736 56.4 169 29.2 345 37.7 Temporary dropouts 4,047 26.6 2,500 20.2 569 43.6 409 70.8 569 62.3 Source: infas, own calculation *Addresses at the beginning of the field 1 n = 9 of these 24,213 households were later removed from the final survey data, because according to the SOEP survey design, they should have not been part of the panel sample. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 18 Tabelle 4 Panel Status of Households Before the Start of the 2023 Survey Wave by Subsample (R, M8b) Household Level Total R M8b abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 9,014 100.0 6,663 100.0 2,351 100.0 Participating households from previous wave 9,014 100.0 6,663 100.0 2,351 100.0 Source: infas, own calculation *Addresses at the beginning of the field The following tables provide information on the key household characteristics of the gross sample, differentiated according to the various subsamples. Table 5 and Table 6 provide information on household size, i.e. the number of members living in a household at the time of the interview. In subsamples A-Q, 67.0 percent of households consist of one or two household members and in subsample R 57.3 percent. The difference can be explained by the fact that, on average, the households of subsamples A-Q consists of an older population in which children are more likely to have left home than in subsample R (the average age in A-Q is 45 years and in R 38 years). In the migration samples M1, M2 and M7, this proportion is between 43.9 and 51.6 percent. In the M8a and M8b migration sample, however, the proportion of oneto two-person households is between 72.3 and 81.0 percent. This can be explained by the target population, which consists of young people who came to Germany as part of the Skilled Immigration Act to pursue gainful employment here. Tabelle 5 Gross Sample by Household Size and Subsample (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) Household Size Total Basis Migration A-Q M1, M2 M7 M8a abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 15,199 100.0 12,402 100.0 1,305 100.0 578 100.0 914 100.0 1 4,633 30.5 3,855 31.1 249 19.1 120 20.8 409 44.7 2 5,205 34.2 4,451 35.9 324 24.8 178 30.8 252 27.6 3 2,171 14.3 1,649 13.3 268 20.5 136 23.5 118 12.9 4 2,102 13.8 1,614 13.0 282 21.6 100 17.3 106 11.6 5+ 1,088 7.2 833 6.7 182 13.9 44 7.6 29 3.2 Source: infas, own calculation *Addresses at the beginning of the field Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 19 Tabelle 6 Gross Sample by Household Size and Subsample (R, M8b) Household Size Total R M8b abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 9,014 100.0 6,663 100.0 2,351 100.0 1 2,583 28.7 1,542 23.1 1,041 44.3 2 3,141 34.8 2,279 34.2 862 36.7 3 1,565 17.4 1,301 19.5 264 11.2 4 1,289 14.3 1,143 17.2 146 6.2 5+ 436 4.8 398 6.0 38 1.6 Source: infas, own calculation *Addresses at the beginning of the field Table 7 and Table 8 as well as Table 9 and Table 10 show the distribution of the gross sample across the individual federal states in Germany and by municipality size class. It can be seen that all federal states are represented in all subsamples; their respective shares correspond approximately to the population distribution in Germany. The same applies to the distribution by municipality size class. Tabelle 7 Gross Sample by Federal State and Subsample (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) Household Level Total Basis Migration A-Q M1, M2 M7 M8a abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 15,199 100.0 12,402 100.0 1,305 100.0 578 100.0 914 100.0 SchleswigHolstein 538 3.5 487 3.9 32 2.5 8 1.4 11 1.2 Hamburg 352 2.3 290 2.3 38 2.9 5 0.9 19 2.1 Lower Saxony 1,363 9.0 1,151 9.3 108 8.3 43 7.4 61 6.7 Bremen 134 0.9 102 0.8 9 0.7 7 1.2 16 1.8 North RhineWestphalia 3,197 21.0 2,463 19.9 373 28.6 158 27.3 203 22.2 Hesse 1,049 6.9 821 6.6 97 7.4 45 7.8 86 9.4 Rhineland Palatinate 624 4.1 480 3.9 94 7.2 22 3.8 28 3.1 BadenWuerttemberg 1,632 10.7 1,300 10.5 151 11.6 74 12.8 107 11.7 Bavaria 2,447 16.1 1,921 15.5 227 17.4 113 19.6 186 20.4 Saarland 157 1.0 121 1.0 15 1.1 14 2.4 7 0.8 Berlin 849 5.6 616 5.0 51 3.9 34 5.9 148 16.2 Brandenburg 617 4.1 569 4.6 23 1.8 10 1.7 15 1.6 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 20 Mecklenburg Western Pomerania 322 2.1 303 2.4 6 0.5 7 1.2 6 0.7 Saxony 923 6.1 873 7.0 36 2.8 9 1.6 5 0.5 Saxony-Anhalt 498 3.3 457 3.7 21 1.6 16 2.8 4 0.4 Thuringia 497 3.3 448 3.6 24 1.8 13 2.2 12 1.3 Source: infas, own calculation *Addresses at the beginning of the field Tabelle 8 Gross Sample by Federal State and Subsample (R, M8b) Household Level Total R M8b abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 9,014 100.0 6,663 100.0 2,351 100.0 Schleswig-Holstein 241 2.7 210 3.2 31 1.3 Hamburg 196 2.2 117 1.8 79 3.4 Lower Saxony 720 8.0 590 8.9 130 5.5 Bremen 72 0.8 47 0.7 25 1.1 North Rhine-Westphalia 1,842 20.4 1,432 21.5 410 17.4 Hesse 620 6.9 393 5.9 227 9.7 Rhineland Palatinate 335 3.7 273 4.1 62 2.6 Baden-Wuerttemberg 1,155 12.8 732 11.0 423 18.0 Bavaria 1,498 16.6 1,033 15.5 465 19.8 Saarland 73 0.8 50 0.8 23 1.0 Berlin 590 6.5 278 4.2 312 13.3 Brandenburg 346 3.8 334 5.0 12 0.5 Mecklenburg Western Pomerania 170 1.9 138 2.1 32 1.4 Saxony 619 6.9 570 8.6 49 2.1 Saxony-Anhalt 332 3.7 311 4.7 21 0.9 Thuringia 205 2.3 155 2.3 50 2.1 Source: infas, own calculation *Addresses at the beginning of the field Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 21 Tabelle 9 Gross Sample by Municipality Size and Subsample (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) Household Level Total Basis Migration A-Q M1, M2 M7 M8a abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 15,199 100.0 12,402 100.0 1,305 100.0 578 100.0 914 100.0 Fewer than 2,000 inhabitants 662 4.4 606 4.9 28 2.1 20 3.5 8 0.9 2,000 to 5,000 inhabitants 1,155 7.6 1,050 8.5 48 3.7 36 6.2 21 2.3 5,000 to 20,000 inhabitants 3,751 24.7 3,196 25.8 291 22.3 126 21.8 138 15.1 20,000 to 50,000 inhabitants 2,643 17.4 2,158 17.4 253 19.4 113 19.6 119 13.0 50,000 to 100,000 inhabitants 1,342 8.8 1,124 9.1 111 8.5 35 6.1 72 7.9 100,000 to 500,000 inhabitants 2,552 16.8 1,920 15.5 265 20.3 153 26.5 214 23.4 More than 500,000 inhabitants 3,094 20.4 2,348 18.9 309 23.7 95 16.4 342 37.4 Source: infas, own calculation *Addresses at the beginning of the field Tabelle 10 Gross Sample by Municipality Size and Subsample (R, M8b) Household Level Total R M8b abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 9,014 100.0 6,663 100.0 2,351 100.0 Fewer than 2,000 inhabitants 338 3.7 334 5.0 4 0.2 2,000 to 5,000 inhabitants 655 7.3 641 9.6 14 0.6 5,000 to 20,000 inhabitants 2,129 23.6 2,065 31.0 64 2.7 20,000 to 50,000 inhabitants 1,387 15.4 1,176 17.6 211 9.0 50,000 to 100,000 inhabitants 934 10.4 700 10.5 234 10.0 100,000 to 500,000 inhabitants 1,656 18.4 792 11.9 864 36.8 More than 500,000 inhabitants 1,915 21.2 955 14.3 960 40.8 Source: infas, own calculation *Addresses at the beginning of the field Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 22 2.1.2 Design The mixed-mode design used for the panel samples in 2023 is presented below (Chapter 2.1.2.1). In addition, the survey instruments used are presented (Chapter 2.1.2.2) so that an insight can be gained into what content was surveyed in 2023. The contact strategy (Chapter 2.1.2.3) is then presented at household and individual level, starting with the advance letter through to the thank-you letters. Finally, this chapter presents the interviewer deployment (Chapter 2.1.2.4). 2.1.2.1 Mixed-mode Design For the panel samples A-R, M1, M2, M7, the mixed-mode design introduced last year was continued for the 2023 survey. It is shown in the following Figure 1. Abbildung 1 The Mixed-mode Design (A-R, M1, M2, M7) Individual interviews on request / in parallel on request on request Non-contact households or soft refusers in the household Soft refusers/ temporarily absent household members on request HH-composition Contacting HH HH on request on request Soft refusers/ temporarily absent on request HH HH Source: infas, own figure Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 29 Questionnaire "Deceased Individual" This questionnaire was aimed at household members who experienced a family loss in 2022. The deceased individual did not necessarily have to have lived in the target person's household. Whether or not to submit this questionnaire was decided based on the information in the individual questionnaire. The aim of this questionnaire was to obtain as accurate a picture as possible of the circumstances and effects of the death. Topics of the questionnaire deceased individual include: – Relationship and relationship to the deceased – Reasons and circumstances of the death – Health of the deceased – Satisfaction and life circumstances of the deceased Residential Environment Questionnaire In addition to the information in the household questionnaire, information on the residential environment was also obtained from the interviewers. They were asked to answer a total of ten questions on the residential environment for each household they worked with, regardless of whether an interview with the household could be completed or not. 2.1.2.3 Contacting and Communication Prior to being contacted by an interviewer, all household members of the panel samples A-R, M1, M2, M7 as well as the CAPI-starters of M8a, M8b that were listed in the panel register and who turned 18 in the survey year (in 2023 all household members born 2005 or earlier) received an advance letter to announce the start of the new survey wave. After receiving the letter, the households were contacted by an interviewer. If a valid telephone number was available, the interviewer contacted the household by telephone. If no valid telephone number was available or the telephone contact attempts were unsuccessful, the interviewer made personal contact with the household, to schedule an interview appointment. To help the interviewers establishing contact and scheduling an interview with the household, they were given some supporting materials. Contact cards for example could be dropped into the mailbox, thus establishing initial contact, if the household was home when contacting in person. If there was a wish to answer the questionnaires as PAPI or CAWI or if the interviewer could not reach the household several times even during personal contact, further letters were sent centrally by infas. Figure 2 shows the contact strategy in 2023. The CAWI-starter households of M8a, M8b received a letter with access to the web survey. As part of a sequential approach, the initial CAWI letter invited the head of household to take part in the survey first. In addition to his designated questionnaires, the head of household would complete an online version of the household matrix. The letter put special emphasis on the importance of the Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 30 participation of migrants from non-EU third countries. Once he had participated, the household composition was known, and all other household members, if there were any, also received an invitation letter with access to the web survey. Abbildung 2 Contact Strategy in 2023 for Subsamples A-R, M1, M2, M7 and CAPI-Starters M8a, M8b Contacting Telephone contact Personal contact Clarification of interview mode Head of household −CAPI Further household members −CAPI (alternativelyCASI) −PAPI/CAWI −CAWI −CATI Note: The survey mode can vary for individual interviews in the household. The questionnaires can also be switched to a different mode during an interview. Only the HH-matrix must be administered using CAPI. Phone number available Phone number not available unsuccesssful successful Centralized measures −Letter to non-contacts with a request to update contact details (household and individual level) −Switch to CATI field and clarifications of mode (household and individual level, after at least four unsuccessful contact attempts) −Refusal conversion letter for soft refusers with dispatch of questionnaire incl. online access (individual level only) unsuccesful successful Source: infas, own figure Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 31 Fieldwork Measures To ensure a high response rate, different fieldwork measures were applied during the field. For the households that started in CAPI the following measures were applied: Households that could not be reached after several unsuccessful attempts were sent a follow-up letter (addressed to the head of household of the previous wave) during the field, reminding them again about the study and asking them to participate. Since the households could not be contacted, they were also asked to update their address data via the online address portal. Households where no interview could be achieved by an interviewer but also did not give a hard refusal were switched to the PAPI mode near the end of the fieldwork phase. Those households received a letter addressed to the head of household of the previous wave including the respective paper questionnaires and a paper version of the household matrix as well as a postage-paid return envelope. Additionally, the samples R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b received a CAWI-link addressed to the head of household that led to an online version of the household matrix and the respective questionnaires. Those households that had been switched to a self-administered mode with the previous measure, but still did not participate, then received up to two follow-up letters addressed to the head of the household. Fieldwork measures were not just applied at the household level but also at the individual level. All target persons who indicated in the interview that they did not wish to participate in this wave of the survey (soft refusals) received a refusal conversion letter with the respective paper questionnaires, a postage-paid return envelope and the access data to the online survey. The target persons could then choose whether they wanted to participate in PAPI or CAWI. All target persons who desired a mode switch but subsequently still did not participate in the study within four weeks received a follow-up letter. The same was true for soft refusals who initially received a refusal conversion letter but still did not participate in the study. Each follow-up letter was accompanied by the paper questionnaires to be completed individually, with a note that alternatively the survey could always be completed online. At the time where the final follow-up letter with the post incentive was sent on the household level (see above), a comparable follow-up letter was also sent out on the individual level. This letter was addressed to target persons in households where the household matrix had already been completed, but who had not yet taken part themselves. The CAWI-starters received two follow-up letters addressed to the head of household throughout the fieldwork phase. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 32 Panel Maintenance Measures Two panel maintenance measures were taken as part of the 2023 survey wave for the panel households: Mailing of a New Year's card and a birthday card. The aim of panel maintenance measures is to maintain a dialog with panel participants and to keep the panel present among them. In January 2024, a New Year's card was also sent to households in all subsamples. In addition to New Year's wishes from DIW Berlin and infas, this card contained a thank-you for participating in the 2023 survey wave with a brief outlook on the next wave. The birthday card was sent to all adult panel members. Survey Documents All communication and survey documents that were used in the survey are now described in more detail below. An overview of the survey documents used across subsamples is provided in Table 12. Tabelle 12 Overview of Communication/Survey Documents (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) Document Addressees Households (head of household, year of birth until 2005) Persons until year of birth 2005 Persons born in 2006-2011 Advance letter and thank-you letter Advance letter CAPI start x Advance letter CAWI start (head of household) x Advance letter CAWI start (other household members) x Thank-you letter x x Thank-you letter record linkage DRV x Field measures Letter after mode switch (PAPI/CAWI) x x Refusal conversion letter x x x Follow-up letter (PAPI/CAWI) X x x Letter for non-contacts X Source: infas On all letters, a study-specific e-mail address was indicated as a communication channel to infas, as well as the number of a free study hotline. Target persons could contact infas at any time with questions and were then supported by specially trained staff and, in the case of further inquiries, by the project management. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 33 Advance Letters As stated above, shortly before the respective field operation all household members of the households that started in CAPI born 2005 or earlier received a personal advance letter announcing the survey for the current survey wave. The advance letter also referred to the need to make personal contact. Furthermore, reference was also made to contact possibilities that had been set up for feedback at infas. Furthermore, the incentive was announced. Also as stated above, the CAWI-starters, following a sequential approach first received an advance letter to the head of household. After he took part in the survey, further advance letters were sent out to all other household members. The following additional materials were enclosed with all advance letters: – A study flyer that briefly informed participants about all aspects of the study, including some scientific results from the previously collected data. – A data protection sheet, in which the participants were comprehensively informed about the topic of data protection. It was described who processes which data, for what purpose and how. In addition, the participants were informed about their rights, the origin of the data and the voluntary nature of their participation. Thank-you Letter The personal thank-you letter was sent to the participants shortly after successful participation, including the cash incentive and an interviewer control questionnaire with a return envelope. As part of the interview, some respondents were asked for their consent to link data from the German Pension Insurance (see Chapter 2.1.3.6). This required written consent. In order to obtain the written consent of respondents who participated in the CAWI or CATI mode, the relevant documents (information sheet for record linkage of DRV data, two copies of the consent form for record linkage of DRV data; see below) were also sent with the thank-you letter. A postage-paid return envelope was enclosed in this case for respondents to return one copy of signed consent form to infas. Letter after Mode Switch All target persons who indicated in the interview that they would prefer to selfadminister their questionnaire as a CAWI received a letter within the next two weeks regarding the mode switch. The target persons received the access data (link, password and QR code) for the online survey with the letter. The switch letter to PAPI was accompanied by the individually prepared questionnaires including a postage-free return envelope. In addition, the access data for the online survey were printed on the letter and on all paper questionnaires. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 34 Conversion Letter As stated above, all target persons and households who indicated in the interview that they did not wish to participate in this wave of the survey (soft refusals) received a conversion letter. In this letter, the individuals were asked to participate in this year's survey via CAWI or PAPI after all. It therefore contained the corresponding CAWI access data and corresponding PAPI questionnaires. Follow-up Letter All target persons who wished to switch to a self-administered mode and target persons or households who received a conversion letter were initially asked to participate again by follow-up letter. Letter for Non-contacts Those households that could not be reached by interviewers received a letter for non-contact persons or households after at least six unsuccessful contact attempts, requesting a contact data update. This contact data update could be done via the online address portal (via link or QR code) as well as by phone or e-mail. 2.1.2.4 Interviewer Deployment The complex requirements of the study require careful selection and training of the interviewers. All interviewers selected for the SOEP had to complete a comprehensive training program before the start of the fieldwork, consisting of a preparation phase, participation in a digital or presence training event and a follow-up phase. In order to do justice to the interviewers with their different levels of experience, the training program was designed once for interviewers with study experience in SOEP and once for those without specific study experience. In addition, the training courses for CAPI and CATI interviewers were separated in order to be able to adequately take into account the respective special features with regard to the technical framework conditions and the different contact strategies (personal contacts on site/telephone contacts). In the following, the respective contents and the procedure for the implementation of the training program with regard to all phases are presented as well as an overview of the interviewers used. 2.1.2.5 Training for CAPI and CATI Interviewers For the preparation phase, the interviewers were given a time window of two weeks before participating in the actual training event. During this time, they had to work through an interviewer manual, which also included answering specific follow-up questions. It has been shown that those who have prepared themselves intensively are better able to follow the program of the training events. In addition, a preparation phase makes it possible to reduce the scope of the actual training event. A Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 35 preparation phase with independent learning elements has the advantage that participants can organize their time more individually and that the completion of individual modules is not dependent on the pace of learning in the group. Last but not least, such a concept also appeals to different types of learners, as various media and materials are available for preparation. The materials were in detail: a. Interviewer Manual The SOEP interviewer manual is a comprehensive set of rules for interviewing. The manual covers all aspects that are important for conducting the interview: basic information on the study and on how to conduct the survey, rules for contacting households, how to handle household information in the instrument, and also information on selected questions in the questionnaire and general interview techniques and rules. The manual serves interviewers not only for preparation and familiarization, but also as a reference book throughout the fieldwork. b. Videos to Illustrate Learning Content The use of videos in the training program primarily served to illustrate the handling of the tool, which was used to document the household composition and the relationships between all household members. Specifically, the videos explained individual entries and the exact procedure of the tool. The explanations were highlighted in writing. Additionally, there was a video to illustrate the correct administration of the grip strength test. All videos were not only available to the interviewers during preparation via the online platform but were also permanently accessible there during the field period. c. Tests to Monitor Success The infas learning platform was set up in such a way that it was possible to monitor the success of the preparation. The interviewers' level of knowledge of individual study-relevant topics was determined by means of a short knowledge test. This test was a prerequisite for all interviewers to take part in a training event and was therefore mandatory. The training events form the focus of the SOEP training program. Training events were conducted in presence and digitally (webinar). The training events in presence were hosted in Bonn and took place over two days (first day: 15:00 to 19:00, second day: 9:00 to 12:00). The digital training events were hosted via webinar and lasted 5.5 hours in total. All interviewers without former experience in the SOEP survey had to attend a training event in presence. Interviewers with experience in the SOEP survey could choose whether they wanted to attend a training event in presence or a digital training event. The number of participants was limited to 40 interviewers for the training events in presence and 50 interviewers for the digital training events. The structure of the training events in presence and the digital training events is the same. Lectures convey the theoretical content of the study, and the questionnaire and the tools work are presented on the basis of sample cases. All parts of Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 36 the training are structured in such a way that a round of questions is regularly scheduled after each session, in which all questions that arise can be answered and solutions can be worked out together. The training program in the SOEP consists of several (thematic) blocks, which were deepened differently depending on the experience of the interviewers. In the first block of training, the interviewers were informed about the survey design and the individual subsamples. Furthermore, the household definition, the validation of a household head as well as the various questionnaires and possible mode changes were explained in this block. The second block served as intensive preparation for making contact. For this purpose, the interviewers were introduced to the entire contacting strategy of the study and practiced, including personal contacting by the interviewers themselves. In the next block, the technical tools were demonstrated live using a case study. In the following block, individual questionnaires and the various options for changing the mode of the survey instrument were demonstrated in practice. In order to get an overview of the level of knowledge and to increase the activity of the participants, quiz questions were integrated into the individual blocks. At the end of the training, the focus was on the further procedure and organization of the field work. Following the training event, everyone had another opportunity to apply the study-specific handling of all questionnaire instruments in practice on their own. Discussion forums were also offered to provide support. The primary purpose of the post-training phase is to give interviewers confidence for their first practical assignment and to deepen what they have learned. In principle, all interviewers, regardless of their experience after the training event, are encouraged to use the test version of the question program and to practice entering an interview before they start their actual work in the field; for this purpose, they are provided with a constructed sample case. A central component of the support for the rather inexperienced interviewers is the individual training before the first field assignment (coaching via TeamViewer). Here, not only the handling of the questions (adherence to standardization, speed and clarity of reading aloud, etc.), but also the input of the answers is monitored and evaluated. In addition, there was an interviewer forum in which the interviewers could exchange information among themselves as well as with the project management. In addition to these three training phases, the interviewers had the opportunity to take advantage of support in the form of coaching during the entire field phase. In addition, they were informed about the current status of the field and innovations (e.g. in the form of additional materials provided) in the form of regular reports and memos. A total of 433 CAPI interviewers and 85 CATI interviewers were trained for the SOEP study on 16 training dates. Twelve CAPI training sessions were held before the start of the field. To increase the number of interviewers in the face-to-face field, four additional training sessions were held in July, August and September. From September onwards, CATI interviewers were also prepared for their work in a total of two training events during the ongoing fieldwork. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 37 2.1.2.6 CATI and Face-to-face Interviewer Staff The deployed CAPI and CATI interviewers had many years of experience with household surveys and combined cross-sectional and longitudinal instruments as well as experience especially with target groups that are generally considered difficult. A total of 518 interviewers were deployed, 433 in the CAPI field and 85 in the CATI field.4 The characteristics of the interviewer staff used are shown in the following Table 13. Tabelle 13 Characteristics of the Interviewer Staff (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) Characteristics Total CAPI CATI abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Number of Interviewers 518 100.0 433 100.0 85 100.0 Gender Male 301 58.1 267 61.7 34 40.0 Female 215 41.5 165 38.1 50 58.8 Diverse 2 0.4 1 0.2 1 1.2 Age Up to 29 years 22 4.2 6 1.4 16 18.8 30-49 years 47 9.1 28 6.5 19 22.4 50-65 years 185 35.7 154 35.6 31 36.5 Over 65 years 264 51.0 245 56.6 19 22.4 Experience with infas 2 years or less 255 49.2 174 40.2 81 95.3 3-5 years 123 23.7 120 27.7 3 3.5 6-10 years 70 13.5 70 16.2 - - 10 years and longer 70 13.5 69 15.9 1 1.2 Highest school qualification Lower secondary school qualification/ primary school certificate/ polytechnic secondary school qualification 28 5.4 24 5.5 4 4.7 Intermediate secondary school qualifcation/ vocational extension certificate 136 26.3 119 27.5 17 20.0 Advanced technical college certificate 78 15.1 72 16.6 6 7.1 Abitur/ higher education entrance qualification 264 51.0 214 49.4 50 58.8 Other school qualification 5 1.0 3 0.7 2 2.4 No school qualification (yet) 2 0.4 1 0.2 1 1.2 Not specified 5 1.0 - - 5 5.9 Source: infas, own calculations 4 "Deployed" interviewers include all interviewers who contacted households. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 38 In the distribution of structural characteristics, the interviewer staff shows a higher proportion of men in the face-to-face field, whereas the proportion of women predominates in the CATI field. The age distribution shows greater differences with regard to the distinction between CAPI and CATI interviewers. The telephone interviewers are on average a lot younger than the interviewers in the face-to-face field. 2.1.3 Results The following subchapter presents the field results for the panel samples in 2023. Results at the household level are presented first (Chapter 2.1.3.1), followed by results at the individual level (Chapter 2.1.3.2). The results at the instrument level are then discussed (Chapter 2.1.3.3), as well as questionnaire duration (Chapter 2.1.3.4), the use of different modes and interviewing languages (Chapter 2.1.3.5), the results of the questions on consent to record linkage (Chapter 2.1.3.6) and the tracking results (Chapter 2.1.3.7). 2.1.3.1 Participation at Household Level At the household level, the gross sample was comprised of 24,650 households in the subsamples A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b in 2023. 14,168 of those households participated, resulting in a response rate of 57.5 percent. Figure 3 shows the cumulation of completed household interviews over the fieldwork phase. The field period ran from April 2023 to the end of December 2023. Interviews were completed throughout the entire field-work phase. The number of complete interviews increased steadily up to calendar week 43. In the calendar weeks 44 to 47 the number of additional completions was relatively low and then increased significantly one last time in calendar week 49 as all fieldwork efforts were concentrated for one final push. Abbildung 3 Completion of Household Interviews in the Field (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) Absolute numbers 0 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000 6.000 7.000 8.000 9.000 10.000 11.000 12.000 13.000 14.000 Number of Household Interviews 2023 Source: infas, own figure Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 45 Follow-up Letter The CAWI-starters in the migration samples M8a, M8b received two follow-up letters addressed to the head of household throughout the fieldwork phase. Table 21 provides an overview of how this affected the realizations. Tabelle 21 Results Follow-up Letter CAWI-Starters (M8a, M8b) Follow-up Letter CAWI-Starters Total abs. in % Gross sample 1,651 100.0 Realized before follow-up letter 426 25.8 Realized after first follow-up letter 438 26.5 Realized after second follow-up letter 82 5.0 Source: infas, own calculation Similar to the follow-up letters after the conversion, it can be seen that most respondents completed the interview after the first follow-up letter (26.5 percent). After the second follow-up letter, only 82 realizations (5.0 percent in total, 10.4 percent of the cases that received that letter) were made. 2.1.3.2 Participation at Individual Level Table 22 and Table 23 below show the result of the 2023 survey according to the SOEP-AAPOR classification for adult target persons born in 2005 or earlier. As shown there, a total of 18,037 individuals from the SOEP-CORE panel samples participated in the survey. This corresponds to a total of 38.7 percent. Of the 61.3 percent who did not participate in the study in 2023, 13 percent dropped out permanently. The differentiation of subsamples shows that the lower response in the migration samples we observe on the household level can also be seen on the individual level. It should be mentioned that the M8b subsample also stands out at the individual level with a higher response compared to the other migration samples (42.5 percent). Noticeably, the response in subsample R (25.8 percent) is lower than in the subsamples A-Q (49.0 percent). The reasons for these results lie in the fact, that its first re-interview of this sample in 2023, which results in a higher number of dropouts. This will decrease as respondents become more familiar with the study. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 46 Tabelle 22 Participation at Individual Level by Subsample (AAPOR Codes) (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) Individual Level Total Basic Migration A-Q M1, M2 M7 M8a abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample 29,105 100.0 23,608 100.0 2,767 100.0 1,187 100.0 1,543 100.0 Interview [1.0] 12,872 44.2 11,573 49.0 790 28.6 171 14.4 338 21.9 Complete [1.1; 1.12] 12,214 41.9 11,078 46.9 733 26.5 123 10.4 280 18.1 Partial [1.21; 1.22] 658 2.3 495 2.1 57 2.1 48 4.0 58 3.8 Non-Interview [2.0] 16,233 55.8 12,035 51.0 1,977 71.4 1,016 85.6 1,205 78.1 Temporary dropout 12,301 42.3 8,900 37.7 1,522 55.0 840 70.8 1,039 67.3 Break-off [2.12] 233 0.8 177 0.7 30 1.1 14 1.2 12 0.8 Non-contact [2.21; 2.22] 2,988 10.2 2,082 8.8 381 13.8 210 17.7 315 20.4 Temporary physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.321; 2.323] 114 0.4 100 0.4 11 0.4 2 0.2 1 0.1 Language Problem [2.331] 140 0.5 20 0.1 47 1.7 56 4.7 17 1.1 Soft refusal [2.351] 7,963 27.4 6,038 25.6 962 34.8 464 39.1 499 32.3 New Adress [2.4] 77 0.3 54 0.2 7 0.3 2 0.2 14 0.9 Unable to locate adress [3.18] 786 2.7 429 1.8 84 3.0 92 7.8 181 11.7 Final Dropout 3,932 13.5 3,135 13.3 455 16.4 176 14.8 166 10.8 Permanent refusal [2.111] 3,489 12.0 2,786 11.8 407 14.7 150 12.6 146 9.5 Dead [2.31] 156 0.5 146 0.6 10 0.4 - - - - Permanently physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.322; 2.324] 138 0.4 125 0.5 5 0.2 2 0.2 6 0.4 Moved abroad [4.2] 106 0.4 43 0.2 31 1.1 20 1.7 12 0.8 Household dissolved [4.3] 43 0.1 35 0.1 2 0.1 4 0.3 2 0.1 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 47 Tabelle 23 Participation at Individual Level by Subsample (AAPOR Codes) (R, M8b) Individual Level Total R M8b abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample 17,443 100.0 13,503 100.0 3,940 100.0 Interview [1.0] 5,165 29.6 3,489 25.8 1,676 42.5 Complete [1.1; 1.12] 4,982 28.5 3,346 24.8 1,636 41.5 Partial [1.21; 1.22] 183 1.1 143 1.1 40 1.0 Non-Interview [2.0] 12,278 70.4 10,014 74.2 2,264 57.5 Temporary dropout 9,870 56.6 7,698 57.0 2,172 55.1 Break-off [2.12] 212 1.2 183 1.4 29 0.7 Non-contact [2.21; 2.22] 3,700 21,2 2,385 17.7 1,315 33.4 Temporary physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.321; 2.323] 56 0.3 56 0.4 - - Language Problem [2.331] 47 0.3 28 0.2 19 0.5 Soft refusal [2.351] 5,134 29.4 4,774 35.4 360 9.1 New Adress [2.4] 89 0.5 61 0.5 28 0.7 Unable to locate adress [3.18] 632 3.6 211 1.6 421 10.7 Final Dropout 2,408 13.8 2,316 17.2 92 2.3 Permanent refusal [2.111] 2,324 13.3 2,253 16.7 71 1.8 Dead [2.31] 16 0.1 15 0.1 1 0.0 Permanently physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.322; 2.324] 26 0.1 26 0.2 - - Moved abroad [4.2] 40 0.2 22 0.2 18 0.5 Household dissolved [4.3] 2 0.0 - - 2 0.1 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 48 Partial Unit Non-response Partial unit non-response describes the situation where some but not all household members eligible and selected for the individual interviews have been successfully interviewed. A household is considered fully realized when all adult household members have been interviewed, i.e. complete personal interview has been conducted and the head of the household has answered the household questionnaire. The partial unit non-response (PUNR) is 52.2 percent for all subsamples (see Table 24 and Table 25). As a direct result of the observed differences in response behavior at the individual level, the PUNR is higher for subsample R compared to the other basis samples A-Q. It is also consistent with the previous observations that the PUNR of the migration sample M8b is lower than the PUNR of the other migration samples. Tabelle 24 Partial Unit Non-response by Subsample (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) Household Level Total Basic Migration A-Q M1, M2 M7 M8a abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 16,181 100.0 14,183 100.0 1,251 100.0 255 100.0 492 100.0 Household partly realized (PUNR) 7,397 45.7 6,232 43.9 702 56.1 147 57.6 316 64.2 Household completely realized 8,784 54.3 7,951 56.1 549 43.9 108 42.4 176 35.8 Source: infas, own calculation *Share of households with more than one adult household member. Tabelle 25 Partial Unit Non-response by Subsample (R, M8b) Household Level Total R M8b abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 7,193 100.0 5,372 100.0 1,821 100.0 Household partly realized (PUNR) 4,812 66.9 3,920 73.0 892 49.0 Household completely realized 2,381 33.1 1,452 27.0 929 51.0 Source: infas, own calculation *Share of households with more than one adult household member. The more people living in the household, the more difficult it is to fully realize a household. As the number of members increases, the proportion of fully realized household decreases continuously. Among two-person households, 54.7 percent of panel households were fully realized; this figure drops to 20.3 percent with four or more members. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 49 Tabelle 26 Partial Unit Non-response by Household Size (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) Household Level Total 2 person household 3 person household 4 or more person household abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 8,162 100.0 6,504 100.0 1,175 100.0 483 100.0 Household partly realized (PUNR) 4,114 50.4 2,945 45.3 784 66.7 385 79.7 Household completely realized 4,048 49.6 3,559 54.7 391 33.3 98 20.3 Source: infas, own calculation *Share of households with more than one adult household member. Effects of Field Measures at Individual Level As at the household level, several field measures were implemented at the individual level, whose effects are described in the following. Switch to PAPI All respondents who wished to receive PAPI were handed the paper questionnaires by the interviewer. A total of 5,717 respondents requested to fill out their questionnaires in PAPI. Of these 1,125 respondents (19.7 percent) filled out and sent back their questionnaire before the follow-up letter. Another 1,480 respondents then filled out the questionnaire after the follow-up letter (25.9 percent), demonstrating the importance of this fieldwork measure. Tabelle 27 Results of Switch to PAPI at Individual Level (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) Switch to PAPI Total abs. in % Gross Sample 5,717 100.0 Realized after switch, prior to follow-up 1,125 19.7 Realized after follow-up letter 1,480 25.9 Source: infas, own calculation Switch to CAWI All respondents wishing to answer the questionnaires online received a letter with access information to the online survey (CAWI switch). These CAWI switch letters were sent to 7,061 adult household members (see Table 28) throughout the field period. With 34.8 percent the CAWI participation was higher prior to followup than after receiving the follow-up letter (21.0 percent), which is, interestingly, the reverse of the PAPI switch measure. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 50 Tabelle 28 Results of Switch to CAWI at Individual Level (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) Switch to CAWI Total abs. in % Gross Sample 7,061 100.0 Realized after switch, prior to follow-up 2,457 34.8 Realized after follow-up letter 1,480 21.0 Source: infas, own calculation Conversion Letter All target persons and households who indicated in the interview that they did not wish to participate in this wave of the survey (soft refusals) received a conversion letter. Table 29 shows that around half of the 2,896 conversion letters sent resulted in realizations (45.9 percent). This shows, that offering flexibility in what mode respondents want to participate in the survey is essential to reach as many respondents as possible. Tabelle 29 Results of Conversion Letter at Individual Level (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) Conversion Letter Total abs. in % Gross sample 2,896 100.0 Realized 1,328 45.9 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 51 2.1.3.3 Participation at Instrument Level As explained in Chapter 2.1.2.2, a total of nine questionnaire variants were used in the SOEP-CORE in 2023 (without taking into account different language variants). Table 30 and Table 31 provide an overview of the number of questionnaires that were filled out, differentiated by the known sample groups in SOEP-CORE. A total of 49,427 questionnaires were answered in 2023. Two questionnaires stand out in terms of frequency: the two main instruments, the household questionnaire (n=12,764) and the individual questionnaire (n=18,037). As the grip strength test is to be carried out every four years by all adult target persons, the high number of completed questionnaires should also be emphasized (n=12,195). In the subsamples with CAWI-starters (M8a, M8b) the amount of grip strength test realizations is naturally lower, as it was not intended by design. This especially affected M8b since the amount of CAWI-starters was very high in this sample (see Chapter 2.1.2.1). With a total of over 1,000 completed questionnaires each, the child questionnaire, "Biography"6 and "Gap" also stand out, which are only to be completed under certain conditions. The "gap" questionnaire, for example, is to be filled out by target persons who did not fill out the "individual questionnaire" in the last wave but were scheduled to do so. This means that in 2023, more than 1,000 adults participated in the study again after having suspended their participation last year. Tabelle 30 Number of Interviews by Subsample and Questionnaire (A-Q, M1, M2, M7, M8a) Total Basis Migration A-Q M1, M2 M7 M8a Household questionnaire 8,616 7,691 537 121 267 Grip strength test 9,398 8,526 601 105 166 Individual questionnaire 12,872 11,573 790 171 338 Biography questionnaire 914 578 59 85 192 Youth questionnaire: birth year between 2006 and 2011 1,141 1,043 77 14 7 Competency test “Lust auf DJ” 71 63 7 1 - Child questionnaire: birth year between 2012 and 2023 1,203 980 163 9 51 Gap questionnaire 855 656 89 29 81 Questionnaire “The deceased individual” 372 356 11 2 3 Source: infas, own calculation 6 1,429 of those respondents that now answered the biography questionnaire in 2023 were already in the panel before 2023, 723 excluding samples R and M8b Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 52 Tabelle 31 Number of Interviews by Subsample and Questionnaire (R, M8b) Total R M8b Household questionnaire 4,148 2,837 1,311 Grip strength test 2,797 2,367 430 Individual questionnaire 5,165 3,489 1,676 Biography questionnaire 814 575 239 Youth questionnaire: birth year between 2006 and 2011 129 101 28 Competency test “Lust auf DJ” 4 3 1 Child questionnaire: birth year between 2012 and 2023 556 419 137 Gap questionnaire 240 115 125 Questionnaire “The deceased individual” 132 112 20 Source: infas, own calculation The response rates of the allocated questionnaires are at least 42.9 percent (see Table 32). Encouragingly, the important individual questionnaire as well as the child questionnaire have with 71.2 percent and 74.1 percent respectively an especially high response rate. Tabelle 32 Response Rates by Questionnaire (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) Gross sample Number of interviews Response rate Grip strength test 16,841 11,570 68.7 Individual questionnaire 25,335 18,037 71.2 Biography questionnaire 2,751 1,727 62.8 Youth questionnaire: birth year between 2006 and 2011 2,564 1,270 49.5 Competency test "Lust auf DJ" 167 75 44.9 Child questionnaire: birth year between 2012 and 2023 2,373 1,759 74.1 Gap questionnaire 1,704 1,095 64.3 Questionnaire “The deceased individual” 713 504 70.7 Source: infas, own calculation; the gross sample is the target population of participating households. The gross sample size of the additional questionnaires (Grip strength test, child questionnaire, biography questionnaire, gap questionnaire, "the deceased individual") is constituted of the amount of people who completed their individual questionnaire and were to fill out the respective additional questionnaire. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 53 2.1.3.4 Questionnaire Duration The content and length of a questionnaire are key elements in keeping the burden on target persons low and their motivation to (further) participate in the study high. The questionnaires used in SOEP-CORE 2023 consist of a different number of questions and answer options. Thus, the duration of the questionnaires varies considerably. Table 33 provides an overview of the durations of the individual questionnaire variants. In 2023, for example, an average personal interview consisting of the personal questionnaire and a children´s questionnaire lasted about 50 minutes. Tabelle 33 Interview Length by Questionnaire (in Minutes) (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) N Mean Median 5% percentile 95% percentile Household questionnaire 10,841 24.2 22.7 10.8 42.4 Grip strength test 12,195 3.0 2.8 1.0 5.6 Individual questionnaire 14,875 42.3 40.3 20.3 71.0 Biography questionnaire 1,580 25.6 22.8 9.1 50.2 Youth questionnaire: birth year between 2006 and 2011 1,169 20.7 19.5 10.5 34.7 Competency test “Lust auf DJ” 75 24.0 24.8 13.5 32.9 Child questionnaire: birth year between 2012 and 2023 1,759 8.1 7.3 2.9 15.7 Gap questionnaire 1,002 1.6 1.2 0.5 3.6 Questionnaire “The deceased individual” 462 4.6 4.3 2.4 8.2 Source: infas, own calculation 2.1.3.5 Interviewing Modes and Languages Table 34 provides information on the mode used to complete the questionnaires. It can be seen that most of the questionnaires were answered interviewer administered. However, the “Gap” and “Biography” questionnaires show that self-administered modes, especially CAWI, were increasingly chosen, with more than 40 percent each. A closer look at the self-administered modes shows that the questions on the household and the person were frequently answered via PAPI compared to other questionnaires. This can be explained by the fact that all questionnaires have been offered for completion in this form since the beginning of the study and are therefore familiar to the participants. The presentation of the youth questionnaire shows that a large proportion of the corresponding age groups represented here (cohort 2006-2011) prefer to participate online. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 54 Tabelle 34 Interviewing Modes by Questionnaire (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) Questionnaire Interviewer-Based Self-Administered Total CAPI CATI CASI CAWI PAPI Household questionnaire abs. 12,764 7,733 323 41 2,750 1,917 in % 100.0 60.6 2.5 0.3 21.5 15.0 Grip strength test abs. 12,195 12,195 - - - - in % 100.0 100.0 - - - - Individual questionnaire abs. 18,037 10,201 319 117 4,261 3,139 in % 100.0 56.6 1.8 0.6 23.6 17.4 Biography questionnaire abs. 1,728 751 42 27 786 122 in % 100.0 43.5 2.4 1.6 45.5 7.1 Youth questionnaire: birth year between 2006 and 2011 abs. 1,270 751 10 20 489 - in % 100.0 59.1 0.8 1.6 38.5 - Competency test “Lust auf DJ” abs. 75 71 - 4 - - in % 100.0 94.7 - 5.3 - - Child questionnaire: birth year between 2012 and 2023 abs. 1,759 1,153 28 14 564 - in % 100.0 65.5 1.6 0.8 32.1 - Gap questionnaire abs. 1,095 418 39 19 527 92 in % 100.0 38.2 3.6 1.7 48.1 8.4 Questionnaire “The deceased individual” abs. 504 317 17 5 123 42 in % 100.0 62.9 3.4 1.0 24.4 8.3 Source: infas, own calculation Experience shows that the panel samples in the SOEP-CORE are almost exclusively surveyed in German, although all questionnaires are also offered in English. The M8a and M8b subsamples are a major exception, with about half of their interviews conducted in English. Table 35 shows how often English was used in the personal interviews for the adult and adolescent respondents. From the 910 interviews in that were conducted in English, almost all of them (95.6 percent) were conducted in the M8a and M8b migration samples. Tabelle 35 Interviewing Languages by Questionnaire (A-R, M1, M2, M7, M8a, M8b) German English Total Individual questionnaire abs. 17,134 903 18,037 in % 95.0 5.0 100.0 Youth questionnaire abs. 1,263 7 1,100 in % 99.4 0.6 100.0 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 61 Abbildung 4 Completion of Household Interviews in the Field (M8c) Absolute numbers 0 250 500 750 1.000 1.250 1.500 Number of Household Interviews 2023 Source: infas, own figure Table 41 describes the result according to the SOEP-AAPOR classification at the household level. In 970 households, both the household questionnaire and at least one individual interview were completed besides the obligatory household matrix (AAPOR codes 1.11, 1.21). 552 households were surveyed completely, i.e. all household members born in or before 2005 could be interviewed. In 2.9 percent of all households, despite being successfully interviewed, the household questionnaire could not be completed (AAPOR code 2.353). Looking at household non-response, refusals (AAPOR codes 2.351 and 2.111), although still a factor, are a much smaller reason for non-response, at 6.0 percent of the gross sample. In contrast, non-response due to an incorrect address (AAPOR code 4.4) is more than five times higher (30.2 percent of the gross sample). A high proportion (40.9 percent of the gross sample) of temporary dropouts resulted from contacts not being attempted or not working (AAPOR code 3.11). The high number of respondents who were not eligible for the M8c sample (AAPOR code 4.1, 4.5) can be explained by the “Screen-Out”-concept. These respondents were not part of the target population. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 62 Tabelle 41 Participation at Household Level by Starting Mode (AAPOR Codes) (M8c) Household Level Total CAPI CAWI abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample 16,500 100.0 3,500 100.0 13,000 100.0 Interview 1,452 8.8 177 5.1 1.275 9.8 Complete [1.1] 552 3.3 73 2.1 479 3.7 Partial [1.2] 418 2.5 61 1.7 357 2.7 Partial without matrix [1.3] - - - - - - Partial (missing household questionnaire) [2.353] 482 2.9 43 1.2 439 3.4 Partial (missing data) [2.354] - - - - - - Non-Interview 15,048 91.2 3,323 94.9 11,725 90.2 Break-off [2.12] 11 0.1 11 0.3 - - Non-contact [2.2] 441 2.7 440 12.6 1 0.0 Temporary physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.321] 2 0.0 2 0.1 - - Language Problem [2.331] 77 0.5 76 2.2 1 0.0 Soft refusal [2.351] 796 4.8 789 22.5 7 0.1 New adress [2.4] 75 0.5 8 0.2 67 0.5 Not attempted or worked [3.11] 6,744 40.9 347 9.9 6,397 49.2 Unable to locate adress [3.18] - - - - - - Permanent refusal [2.111] 197 1.2 184 5.3 13 0.1 Dead [2.31] 4 0.0 2 0.1 2 0.0 Permanently physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.322] 5 0.0 5 0.1 - - Non-eligible [4.1, 4.5] 1,682 10.2 428 12.3 1,254 9.6 Moved abroad [4.2] 39 0.2 35 1.0 4 0.0 Household unlocatable[4.4] 4,975 30.2 996 28.5 3,979 30.6 Source: infas, own calculation Effects of Field Measures at Household Level As with the panel samples, several field measures were implemented in the refreshment sample M8c to increase response. The effects of the measures implemented at the household level are described in the following. Reminder Letter The CAWI-starters received two follow-up letters addressed to the head of household throughout the fieldwork phase. Table 42 provides an overview of how this affected the realizations. The realizations before the follow-up letter (4.6 percent) and after the first follow-up letter (4.3 percent) are almost identical. After the second follow-up letter, 116 realizations (0.9 percent) were made. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 63 Tabelle 42 Results Follow-up Letter CAWI-Starters at Household Level (M8c) Reminder Letter CAWI-Starters Total abs. in % Gross sample 13,000 100.0 Realized before follow-up letter 604 4.6 Realized after first follow-up letter 555 4.3 Realized after second follow-up letter 116 0.9 Source: infas, own calculation 2.2.3.2 Participation at Individual Level Table 43 below shows the result according to the SOEP-AAPOR classification for adult target persons born in 2005 or earlier. As shown there, a total of 1,235 individuals from the refreshment sample M8c participated in the survey. This corresponds to a total of 46.9 percent. Tabelle 43 Participation at Individual Level by Starting Mode (AAPOR Codes) (M8c) Individual Level Total CAPI CAWI abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample 2,635 100.0 309 100.0 2,326 100.0 Interview 1,235 46.9 170 55.0 1,065 45.8 Complete [1.1] 1,235 46.9 170 55.0 1,065 45.8 Partial [ 1.22] - - - - - - Non-Interview 1,400 53.1 139 45.0 1,261 54.2 Break-off [2.12] 50 1.9 15 4.9 35 1.5 Non-contact [2.21; 2.22] 1,234 46.8 25 8.1 1,209 52.0 Temporary physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.321] - - - - - - Language Problem [2.331] 2 0.1 2 0.6 - - Soft refusal [2.351] 96 3.6 96 31.1 - - New adress [2.4] - - - - - - Unable to locate adress [3.18] 17 0.6 - - 17 0.7 Permanent refusal [2.111] 1 0.0 1 0.3 - - Dead [2.31] - - - - - - Permanently physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.322] - - - - - - Non-eligible [4.1] - - - - - - Moved abroad [4.2] - - - - - - Household dissolved [4.3] - - - - - - Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 64 Partial Unit Non-response The partial unit non-response (PUNR) in the refreshment sample M8c is 63.7 percent (see Table 44), which is higher than in the panel samples. Partial unit nonresponse is expected to decrease in M8c in subsequent waves as all household members become more familiar with the study. Tabelle 44 Partial Unit Non-response by Starting Mode (M8c) Household Level Total CAPI CAWI abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 656 100.0 96 100.0 560 100.0 Household partly realized (PUNR) 418 63.7 61 63.5 357 63.7 Household completely realized 238 36.3 35 36.5 203 36.3 Source: infas, own calculation *Share of households with more than one adult household member. The more people living in the household, the more difficult it is to fully realize a household. As the number of members increases, the proportion of fully realized household decreases continuously. Among two-person households, 39.3 percent of households were fully realized; this figure drops to 4.0 percent with four or more members. Tabelle 45 Partial Unit Non-response by Household Size (M8c) Household Level Total 2 person household 3 person household 4 or more person household abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 656 100.0 577 100.0 54 100.0 25 100.0 Household partly realized (PUNR) 418 63.7 350 60.7 44 81.5 24 96.0 Household completely realized 238 36.3 227 39.3 10 18.5 1 4.0 Source: infas, own calculation *Share of households with more than one adult household member. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 65 2.2.3.3 Participation at Instrument Level Table 46 shows the number of questionnaires that were completed in the participating households of the refreshment sample M8c. A total of 3,578 questionnaires were completed. As in the panel samples, two questionnaires stand out in terms of frequency: the two main instruments, the household questionnaire (n = 970) and the individual questionnaire (n = 1,235). Additionally, many biography questionnaires were completed (n = 1,027). Tabelle 46 Number of Interviews by Starting Mode and Questionnaire (M8c) Total CAPI CAWI Household questionnaire 970 134 836 Grip strength test 155 155 -8 Individual questionnaire 1,235 170 1,065 Biography questionnaire 1,027 100 927 Youth questionnaire 19 9 10 Child questionnaire 158 18 140 Competency test “Lust auf DJ” - - - Questionnaire “The deceased individual” 14 2 12 Source: infas, own calculation Looking at the response rates for the allocated questionnaires (see Table 47), it can be seen that response is somewhat lower for the refreshment sample M8c compared to the panel samples. Fortunately, the response rate for the biography questionnaire, which is particularly important in refreshment samples, as it must be completed by all adult household members, is especially high with 83.2 percent. Tabelle 47 Response Rates by Questionnaire (M8c) Gross sample Number of interviews Response rate Grip strenght test 170 148 87.1 Individual questionnaire 2,428 1,235 50.9 Biography questionnaire 1,235 1,027 83.2 Youth questionnaire 89 19 21.6 Child questionnaire 240 158 65.8 Competency test “Lust auf DJ” 9 0 0.0 Questionnaire “The deceased individual” 28 14 50.0 Source: infas, own calculation; the gross sample is the target population of participating households. The gross sample size of the additional questionnaires (Grip strength test, child questionnaire, biography questionnaire, gap questionnaire, “the deceased individual”) is constituted of the amount of people who completed their individual questionnaire and were to fill out the respective additional questionnaire. 8 As there was, by design, no interviewer contact with the CAWI starters, the grip strength test was also not carried out. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 66 2.2.3.4 Questionnaire Duration Table 48 provides an overview of the durations of the individual questionnaire variants for the refreshment sample M8c. The durations of all instruments are about the same as in the panel samples. One outlier is the biography questionnaire which, with an average duration of 30 minutes, is about five minutes longer than in the other samples. The reason for this is that the biography questionnaire had separate questionnaire modules that were only to be completed by migrants, for example the way to Germany. Since the vast majority of respondents in the M8c sample are migrants, the interview took longer. Tabelle 48 Interview Length by Questionnaire (in Minutes) (M8c) N Mean Median 5% percentile 95% percentile Household questionnaire 970 22.4 20.2 9.5 43.7 Grip strenght test 155 3.2 2.7 1.1 7.2 Individual questionnaire 1,223 42.3 38.5 17.4 80.3 Biography questionnaire 989 30.2 27.6 12.2 56.5 Youth questionnaire 19 28.7 21.9 9.4 61.5 Competency test “Lust auf Dj” - - - - - Child questionnaire 158 6.8 5.7 2.3 14.1 Questionnaire “The deceased individual” 14 3.3 3.1 1.2 5.8 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 67 2.2.3.5 Interviewing Modes and Languages Table 49 provides information on the modes in which the questionnaires were completed. Compared to the panel samples a much larger proportion of instruments were completed in the CAWI mode which is due to the different survey design in the refreshment sample M8c. Tabelle 49 Interviewing Modes by Questionnaire (M8c) Questionnaire Interviewer-Based Self-Administered Total CAPI CASI CAWI Household questionnaire abs. 970 119 3 848 in % 100.0 12.3 0.3 87.4 Individual questionnaire abs. 1,235 139 6 1,090 in % 100.0 11.3 0.5 88.3 Grip strenght test abs. 155 155 - - in % 100.0 100.0 - - Biography questionnaire abs. 1,027 64 6 957 in % 100.0 6.2 0.6 93.2 Youth questionnaire abs. 19 8 1 10 in % 100.0 41.2 5.3 52.6 Child questionnaire abs. 158 6 2 150 in % 100.0 3.8 1.3 94.9 Questionnaire “The deceased individual” abs. 14 2 - 12 in % 100.0 14.3 - 85.7 Source: infas, own calculation As in the panel samples, English was offered in the refreshment sample M8c as the survey language in addition to German. Table 50 shows how often English was used in the personal interviews for the adult and adolescent respondents. It can be seen that more than half of the adult interviews (56.8 percent) were conducted in English. Since the vast majority of respondents in the M8c sample are migrants, this can be cited as a reason for the frequent choice of the English language. Tabelle 50 Interviewing Languages (M8c) Total German English Individual questionnaire abs. 1,235 533 702 in % 100.0 43.2 56.8 Youth questionnaire abs. 19 17 2 in % 100.0 89.5 10.5 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 68 2.2.3.6 Record Linkage Consent As in the panel samples, consent for the linkage of data from Institute for Employment Research (IAB) or the German Pension Insurance (DRV) was asked for the refreshment sample M8c. 1,222 respondents in the refreshment sample M8c were asked for their consent to link data from the Institute for Employment Research (see Table 51), and 907 (74.2 percent) gave it. Looking at the DRV-linkage, we see that 1,083 respondents were asked for their consent and 340 respondents gave it (31.4 percent). Tabelle 51 Consent to Record Linkage (M8c) Individual Level IAB DRV abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 1,222 100.0 1,083 100.0 Consent given in this survey wave 907 74.2 743 68.6 Consent not given in this survey wave 315 25.8 340 31.4 Source: infas, own calculation *Respondents who were asked the record linkage consent question Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 69 2.3 Interviewer Monitoring Intentional or unintentional misbehaviour by interviewers can occur during the entire course of the interview. In order to be able to identify these interviews as quickly as possible, various pieces of information are collated and evaluated during the fieldwork phase. Interviews are evaluated individually and behaviour is analyzed at interviewer level. In principle, the following results are taken into account: − Statistical procedures and ratios for detecting improperly conducted interviews, − Results from written interviewer checks, − results from consultations with the heads of operations and − Evaluations from listening to or recording interviews. Interviewers who are found to have conducted interviews with anomalies during the course of the fieldwork are contacted by the head of operations and asked to comment or receive individual coaching/retraining. Irrespective of this, the available sample information is compared with the information provided in the interview for all completed interviews. There is also a constant review of the response rate and the course of contact. Instruments are considered anomalous for different reasons, for example if their duration falls below the 5th percentile of the total duration, if the proportion of screens in the instrument whose duration is below the 5th percentile of the screen duration is more than 30 percent or if the interview started and/or ended between 10 pm and 7 am. The proportion of anomalous instruments in all completed instruments is between 0.5 and 54.5 percent for the corresponding interviewers. Overall, 34 interviewers had a higher proportion of anomalous instruments than 10 percent, although in most cases this is due to very rapid interviewing. A total of 224 interviewers had a proportion of anomalous instruments of zero or below one percent. The interviewer with the IDs 17752 was marked as anomalous in the udiflag variable in the method data, as in addition to the control via statistical key figures, further anomalous features were revealed via the audio recording checks or the interviewer control sheets. Additionally, intracluster correlation coefficients (ICCs) are calculated to account for the amount of variance in a variable, that could be explained by the interviewer-level. Because of the CAPI mode, potential interviewer effects may be confounded by regional effects and it is not possible to disentangle these different effects. The first step in calculating ICCs is to select filter variables (from the individual questionnaire) that affect the length of the questionnaire. ICCs are then calculated for each of these filter variables. ICC-values under 0.05 can generally be seen as unproblematic, which is a very conservative threshold in assessing ICCs. If an ICC value is greater than 0.05, then interviewers are identified that influence the ICC of that particular variable in this way. For these interviewers, other results (see above) are taken into account and the measures for anomalous interviews listed above are considered. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 70 2.4 Data Checking, Processing and Delivery 2.4.1 Data Cleaning and Data Processing After the end of the fieldwork phase, the available data were carefully cleaned and processed. Central components of this were the structural examinations of the households and the cleaning of the net data. After this, a data enrichment was conducted. Structural Examination of Households The household structure was checked for internal plausibility and compared with the data from the previous wave in order to detect implausible or problematic changes in household composition or errors in the allocation of individual interviews. Specifically, these data checks included the following: – Comparison of first names between the current and previous waves to identify cases where changes in household composition were not correctly recorded. – Plausibility checks to determine whether several persons with the same date of birth live in the household. – Plausibility checks on whether move-ins and move-outs to panel households are plausible in terms of the household context of the panel household. – Check for interviewing the correct individuals, based on a comparison of the age and date of birth information collected in the questionnaires with the information from the previous wave and from the household matrix. If the correct household composition was unclear, all interviews of this household were counted as invalid. If an interview was conducted with the wrong per-son at the individual level without any further problems in the household composition being apparent, this individual interview was counted as invalid. Cleaning of the Net Data For the data of the paper-based instruments, the following data processing rules were applied:: – Handwritten ranges for numerical questions were entered into the data as the mean value of these entries. – Inadmissible multiple answers for single answers were marked with a special code in the variable. In the case of inadmissible multiple answers to questions about the highest school-leaving qualification or training qualification, the highest was entered in the data. – Information from handwritten notes by the respondent was integrated into the data if applicable. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 77 In total, the gross sample comprised 3,063 households in the subsamples M3-M6. Of these households, 1,588 households (51.8 percent) were also interviewed in the wave 2022 (repeatedly interviewed households) and 1,475 households (48.2 percent) are considered temporary dropouts (see Table 55). Among the four subsamples, the M6 subsample is the largest with 883 households. Due to the dynamic panel design, the number of households increased over the course of the field. At the end of the fieldwork for the 2023 survey wave, 37 households were newly added as so-called split households. Tabelle 55 Panel Status of Households Before the Start of the 2023 Survey Wave by Subsample (M3-M6) Household Level Total M3 M4 M5 M6 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 3,063 100.0 695 100.0 761 100.0 724 100.0 883 100.0 Participating households from previous wave 1,588 51.8 390 56.1 420 55.2 387 53.5 391 44.3 Temporary dropouts 1,475 48.2 305 43.9 341 44.8 337 46.5 492 55.7 Source: infas, own calculation *Addresses at the beginning of the field The following tables describe the gross sample on the basis of various characteristics. Looking at household size in Table 56, we see that almost 30 percent of the gross sample consists of 1-person households, and 5 or more people live in 35.3 percent of the households. The composition of the M4 and M6 subsamples is different, as the M4 subsample has a much higher proportion of larger households (51.6 percent of households have 5 or more household members) and a much lower proportion of 1-person households (18.5 percent). In subsample M6, on the other hand, 40.0 percent of all households are only 1-person households. Tabelle 56 Gross Sample by Household Size and Subsample (M3-M6) Household Size Total M3 M4 M5 M6 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 3,063 100.0 695 100.0 761 100.0 724 100.0 883 100.0 1 908 29.6 193 27.8 141 18.5 221 30.5 353 40.0 2 287 9.4 71 10.2 50 6.6 73 10.1 93 10.5 3 324 10.6 86 12.4 52 6.8 80 11.0 106 12.0 4 462 15.1 106 15.3 125 16.4 107 14.8 124 14.0 5+ 1,082 35.3 239 34.4 393 51.6 243 33.6 207 23.4 Source: infas, own calculation *Addresses at the beginning of the field Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 78 The tables below describe the gross sample according to the regional characteristics of federal state and size of the municipality. While the differences between the subsamples M3-M5 are rather small regarding the regional characteristics, it is noticeable that the households of the M6 subsample tend to come from the metropolitan area (500,000 inhabitants and more). This also explains the higher percentage of M6-households in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Berlin. Tabelle 57 Gross Sample by Federal State and Subsample (M3-M6) Household Level Total M3 M4 M5 M6 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 3,063 100.0 695 100.0 761 100.0 724 100.0 883 100.0 SchleswigHolstein 135 4.4 33 4.7 51 6.7 24 3.3 27 3.1 Hamburg 103 3.4 33 4.7 14 1.8 16 2.2 40 4.5 Lower Saxony 338 11.0 73 10.5 84 11.0 100 13.8 81 9.2 Bremen 66 2.2 24 3.5 8 1.1 4 0.6 30 3.4 North RhineWestphalia 979 32.0 145 20.9 186 24.4 275 38.0 373 42.2 Hesse 231 7.5 45 6.5 60 7.9 83 11.5 43 4.9 Rhineland Palatinate 109 3.6 23 3.3 22 2.9 46 6.4 18 2.0 Baden-Wuerttemberg 246 8.0 70 10.1 91 12.0 52 7.2 33 3.7 Bavaria 267 8.7 81 11.7 82 10.8 62 8.6 42 4.8 Saarland 80 2.6 29 4.2 18 2.4 - - 33 3.7 Berlin 186 6.1 45 6.5 30 3.9 13 1.8 98 11.1 Brandenburg 74 2.4 30 4.3 35 4.6 7 1.0 2 0.2 MecklenburgWestern Pomerania 30 1.0 10 1.4 11 1.4 4 0.6 5 0.6 Saxony 104 3.4 16 2.3 41 5.4 17 2.3 30 3.4 Saxony-Anhalt 56 1.8 15 2.2 23 3.0 2 0.3 16 1.8 Thuringia 59 1.9 23 3.3 5 0.7 19 2.6 12 1.4 Source: infas, own calculation *Addresses at the beginning of the field Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 79 Tabelle 58 Gross Sample by Municipality Size and Subsample (M3-M6) Household Level Total M3 M4 M5 M6 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 3,063 100.0 695 100.0 761 100.0 724 100.0 883 100.0 fewer than 2.000 inhabitants 26 0.8 6 0.9 8 1.1 9 1.2 3 0.3 2,000 to 5,000 inhabitants 85 2.8 18 2.6 31 4.1 19 2.6 17 1.9 5,000 to 20,000 516 16.8 118 17.0 161 21.2 126 17.4 111 12.6 20,000 to 50,000 inhabitants 603 19.7 132 19.0 162 21.3 169 23.3 140 15.9 50,000 to 100,000 inhabitants 386 12.6 132 19.0 88 11.6 85 11.7 81 9.2 100,000 to 500,000 inhabitants 726 23.7 154 22.2 189 24.8 199 27.5 184 20.8 more than 500,000 inhabitants 721 23.5 135 19.4 122 16.0 117 16.2 347 39.3 Source: infas, own calculation *Addresses at the beginning of the field Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 80 3.1.2 Design The mixed-mode design used in the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees in 2023 is presented below (Chapter 3.1.2.1). In addition, the survey instruments used are presented (Chapter 3.1.2.2) so that an insight can be gained into what content was surveyed in 2023. The contact strategy (Chapter 3.1.2.3) is then presented at household and individual level. Finally, this chapter presents information on training and deployment of the interviewers (Chapter 3.1.2.4). 3.1.2.1 Mixed-mode Design The IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees used a similar mixed-mode design as the main survey (see Chapter 2.1.2.1), but without the use of paper-based instruments (PAPI) and standard telephone interviews (CATI). The survey of a household started with the recording or updating of the household composition in the so-called household matrix. The updating of the household composition had to be carried out with the head of the household in an interviewer-administrated manner. The main mode for this part of the interview was CAPI. Once the household composition was updated, it was known which persons in the household were to be interviewed and which questionnaires these persons were to receive. For the individual interviews two additional modes were provided in the mixed mode design: If the interviews took place at the target persons' homes, they could also fill out their questionnaires on a tablet brought along by the interviewer (CASI). Alternatively, the questionnaires could be self-administered online (CAWI). In this case, the target persons received their personalized access information for the online questionnaire by mail afterwards. Target persons who could not be reached in the household during the fieldwork phase (temporary absentees) and those who refused to be interviewed due to "soft reasons for refusal" (no time, no desire, etc.) were also switched to the CAWI mode. The survey instruments were offered in German, English, Arabic, Farsi and additionally, to address the new target groups of the M9 sample, Turkish, Ukrainian, and Russian. To administer the questionnaires in all survey languages, native speaker interviewers were hired. An additional possibility to administer interviews despite a language barrier was the use of the CASI mode, where the respondents could answer the questions in their preferred language. To further support interviewers and respondents during the interview, a response option booklet was offered to the respondents. For questions that are particularly complex, the response options booklet contained the response categories for the corresponding questions so that the respondents could read them themselves. The response options booklet was available in all seven survey languages. As innovation in 2023, all adult household members as well as adolescents born in 2006 or 2007 were actively asked for their panel consent at the end of their personal interview. Only those respondents who gave the consent will be Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 81 readdressed for the next wave in 2024. Temporary dropouts in 2023 will be asked for their consent in the following wave. 3.1.2.2 Survey Instruments In the panel samples of the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees 2023, a total of ten computer-assisted instruments were used for the respondents. These were interlinked and controlled in such a way that the assignment of the individual instruments was automated based on the information from the electronic household matrix during the interview, so that each respondent received their individual number and compilation of questionnaires. Additionally, the interviewers received a short questionnaire on the residential environment of the household. As special feature of the 2023 wave a grip strength test was carried out with all adult household members. The survey started in each household by recording the household composition. This information was only ever collected from one person. This person was most familiar with the needs of the household and therefore had the role of “head of household” for the interview. The composition of the household was used to identify the other people who were to be interviewed as part of the study. Table 59 gives an overview of all administered instruments and the respective target persons. Tabelle 59 Overview of Survey Instruments (M3-M6) Questionnaire Target person Modes Languages Household Matrix Head of Household CAPI German, English, Arabic, Farsi, Turkish, Ukrainian, Russian Household questionnaire Head of Household CAPI, CASI, CAWI German, English, Arabic, Farsi, Turkish, Ukrainian, Russian Grip strenght test Adult respondent CAPI German, English, Arabic, Farsi, Turkish, Ukrainian, Russian Individual questionnaire (refugee) Adult respondent (refugee) CAPI, CASI, CAWI German, English, Arabic, Farsi, Turkish, Ukrainian, Russian Individual questionnaire (non-refugee) Adult respondent (non-refugee) CAPI, CASI, CAWI German, English Biography questionnaire (refugee) First-time adult respondent (refugee) CAPI, CASI, CAWI German, English, Arabic, Farsi, Turkish, Ukrainian, Russian Biography questionnaire (non-refugee) First-time adult respondent (non-refugee) CAPI, CASI, CAWI German, English Gap questionnaire Adult respondents, who were not interviewed in 2022 CAPI, CASI, CAWI German, English, Arabic, Farsi, Turkish, Ukrainian, Russian Child questionnaire: birth year 2012 to 2023 Adult respondents CAPI, CASI, CAWI German, English, Arabic, Farsi, Turkish, Ukrainian, Russian Youth questionnaire: birth year 2006 to 2011 Adolescent respondents CAPI, CASI, CAWI German, English, Arabic, Farsi, Turkish, Ukrainian, Russian Residential environment questionnaire Interviewers CAPI German Source: infas Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 82 Household Matrix The composition of a household is recorded using an electronic tool (household matrix). This matrix shows an overview of all the people named in the last interview. This overview was used to check with the head of household who still lives in the household, who no longer lives there or who may have moved in. In addition to the composition of the household, the relationships between the household members were also updated and completed. If children born in 2012 or later lived in the household, it was determined who (usually one parent) would later receive the questions about the child or children. In addition, for adolescents that were between 12 and 16 years old, parental consent was obtained, so that they could also be interviewed. In the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees, information on the refugee background of all adults were also collected as part of the household matrix. On this basis, the appropriate individual questionnaires could be assigned. Household Questionnaire The household questionnaire asked for information on all aspects of the household and is answered by the head of household. Different questions are asked about households living in private housing and households living in shared accommodations. The topics of the household questionnaire were: – Housing situation – Income and expenditure – Children and care Grip Strength Test In the main study adult household members are asked to measure their grip strength every four years. For the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees, however, the measurement of grip strength took place for the first time in 2023. The target person’s grip strength test is always administered by an interviewer at the beginning of an interview (even for those who want to complete their questionnaires self-administered online (CAWI) or on a tablet (CASI)). Grip strength, or the strength of the handshake, is a recognised health indicator in science. It influences many everyday functions, such as holding heavy objects or pulling up one's own body. The gripping force is measured using a hand force meter (or dynamometer), which consists of a handle with a load gauge and an analogue reading scale. Two measurements are taken alternately for each hand. Individual Questionnaire The individual questionnaire is used annually for all adults, which means it addressed all household members born in 2005 or earlier in the 2023 wave. In the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees two versions of the questionnaire were Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 83 administered: One for refugees with special questions on origin, legal status, and language skills. Adult household members, who are not refugees themselves, received the individual questionnaire designed for the main study. This group included all persons who were born in Germany, did not enter Germany as refugees, or were not older than 16 at the time. The topics covered by both individual questionnaires include: – Life situation today – Satisfaction and emotionality – Education – Employment and secondary jobs – Health and illness – Political orientation – Attitudes and opinions – Origin and family As part of the individual interview the respondents are also asked for their consent to link the survey data to administrative data available at the Institute for Employment Research (IAB) and the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF). The IAB data includes information on employment history, phases of unemployment and participation in measures during unemployment. The BAMF data includes data on integration courses in which the respondents may have participated. Biography Questionnaire The biography questionnaire is used only once in total per target person to collect important biographical data. It was aimed at new adult household members born in 2005 or earlier. In addition, it was directed at household members who had not previously answered this questionnaire in previous waves or who were completing the individual questionnaire for the first time (e.g., because they had reached or would reach the age of 18 this year). As with the individual questionnaire, two versions of the biography questionnaire are used, a special one for refugees and the questionnaire from the main study for non-refugees. Both questionnaires from the main study (individual and biography) were only available in German and English. All other questionnaires were available in all seven survey languages. Topics of both biography questionnaires are: – Nationality and origin – Route to Germany – Occupation – Childhood and family – School and education – Marriage and partnership Part of the biography questionnaire is also the recording of educational qualifications obtained abroad. For this, the established CAMCES-tool for computer-assisted measurement and coding of educational qualifications in surveys is used. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 84 Gap Questionnaire The gap questionnaire addresses all target persons who did not complete an individual questionnaire in the last survey wave in 2022 but were scheduled to do so. It serves to close the temporal "gap" from the last interview to the current survey wave. The topics of the gap questionnaire are: – Changes in employment – Social status – Educational attainment – Changes in family environment Youth Questionnaire In 2023 the youth questionnaire for adolescent household members was redesigned and now addresses all adolescents born between 2006 and 2011 (12 to 17 years old), not only certain birth cohorts. For all adolescents that were below 17 years old, parental consent was required. The topics of the youth questionnaire differs according to age, but overall covers the following areas: – Origin – Attitudes and opinions – Relationships and social environment – Leisure and sports – School, training and career – Future plans – Health and well-being – Self-image – Life situation and satisfaction – Job and money – Political identity Child Questionnaire The child questionnaire was answered by a parent rather than by the children themselves and asks questions about all children younger than 12 years old (born in 2012 or later). Topics of the child questionnaire include (but are not limited to): – Pregnancy history and birth – Health status of the child – Personality of the child – Development, language and behaviour – School and personal environment of the child – Care situation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 85 Residential Environment Questionnaire As in the main study, information on the residential environment was also obtained from the interviewers. They were asked to answer ten questions on the residential environment for each household they worked with, regardless of whether an interview with the household could be completed or not. If the household lived in shared accommodation for refugees, additional questions about the accommodation were asked at the end of the interview with the head of household. 3.1.2.3 Contacting and Communication Prior to being contacted by an interviewer, all household members listed in the panel register who turned 18 in the survey year (in 2023 all household members born 2005 or earlier) received an advance letter to announce the start of the new survey wave. Enclosed with the advance letter the target persons received a data protection sheet and a study flyer. As in 2022, the study flyer not only contained basic information on the survey but also some scientific results from the previous waves to illustrate the importance and value of the study for improving the knowledge about and ultimately also the lives of refugees in Germany. After receiving the letter, the households were contacted by an interviewer. If a valid telephone number was available, the interviewer contacted the household by telephone. If no valid telephone number was available or the telephone contact attempts were unsuccessful, the interviewer made personal contact with the household, to schedule an interview appointment. To help the interviewers establishing contact and scheduling an interview with the household, they were given some supporting materials. Contact cards for example could be dropped into the mailbox, thus establishing initial contact, if the household was not at home when contacting in person. To overcome potential language barriers the interviewers in the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees also received contact sheets in all survey languages, which explained the central background of the study to the target persons. The goal was to obtain a current telephone number of the target person so that an interviewer with the appropriate language skills could subsequently contact that person. To prevent access problems in shared accommodation for refugees, the interviewers were also provided with a letter of support from the BAMF. This could then be presented to the relevant shelter management if necessary. Field Measures During the fieldwork phase several accompanying measures to increase response rate were carried out. Most of these measures were part of the general mixed mode and communication design also implemented in the main study (see Chapter 2.1.2.3). Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 86 This included the following send-outs: 1) Letter for non-contacts on the household level, sent to household heads which could not be reached by an interviewer and requesting a contact data update. 2) Letter with access information for the online survey on the individual level for respondents wishing to switch to the CAWI mode. 3) Refusal conversion letter with access information for the online survey (CAWI) for soft refusals and non-contacts on the individual level. 4) Follow-up letters for non-respondents after a switch or refusal conversion letter (including access information for the online survey). As a new feature of the 2023 IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees, up to three follow-up letters were sent, each 4 weeks apart and alternating between postal delivery and e-mail. Furthermore, enclosed with the letter for non-contacts the household heads received a study flyer in the 2023 wave to illustrate the importance of their participation and for the first time the letter not only asked for an update of contact data but also about their availability and their language skills. This information was used by the interviewers to easier obtain contact and interviews with the respective households. The letter for non-contacts was sent two times during the field period, once in the beginning of October and once in the end of November. Each mailing was accompagnied by a short e-mail to boost feedback. Effects of the different field measure on the response are described in the Chapters 3.1.3.1 and 3.1.3.2. Incentive Concept In 2023 adult respondents born in 2005 or earlier received 20 euro in cash with a thank-you letter after the interview. The incentive increase from the later phase of the 2022 wave was thus continued. Adolescent respondents received 5 euro as in the previous wave. The thank-you letters were sent out continuously during the course of the fieldwork. In addition, a doorstep incentive of 2 euro for each household was introduced in 2023 for the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees as well as the main study. The amount could be used by the interviewers to buy a small gift for the households (e.g. chocolate). The amount could also be accumulated across several households, i.e. if no doorstep incentive is given out in one household, another household can be given a bigger gift for 4 euro (or 6 euro, etc.). Panel Maintenance As panel maintenance measure a New Year's card was sent to households in all subsamples in January 2024. In addition to New Year's wishes from DIW Berlin and infas, this card contained a thank-you for participating in the 2023 survey wave with a brief outlook on the next wave. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 93 Effects of Field Measures at Household Level As described in chapter 3.1.2.3, several field measures were implemented in the 2023 survey to increase response. The effects of the measures implemented at the household level are described in the following. Letter for Non-contacts At two times during the field period, letters for non-contacts on the household level were sent to household heads which could not be reached by an interviewer, requesting a contact data update. In total, 1,058 households received such a letter and 428 of those also the newly introduced accompanying e-mail (see Table 64). Of the households receiving the letter and the accompanying e-mail 92 (21.5 percent) updated their contact data and of the household receiving only the letter because no valid e-mail address was available only 23 (2.2 percent) delivered an update. This could mean that the households are more likely to respond to an email but also that motivated households give out more e-mail-addresses. The second assumption also supports the following finding that when only looking at households without updated contact data those with a valid e-mail-addresses are much more likely to be interviewed (23.8 percent) than those without a valid e-mail-address (15.3 percent). Whereas in both groups households with updated contact data had a similar response rate of 34.8 percent. Tabelle 64 Results Letter for Non-contacts at Household Level (M3-M6) Letter for Non-contacts Total Household interview (matrix) realized Household interview (matrix) not realized abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Households receiving letter and accompanying e-mail Gross sample 428 100.0 112 26.2 316 73.8 No update contact data 336 100.0 80 23.8 256 76.2 Contact data updated 92 100.0 32 34.8 60 65.2 Households receiving only the letter (no e-mail address available) Gross sample 1,058 100.0 166 15.7 892 84.3 No update contact data 1,035 100.0 158 15.3 877 84.7 Contact data updated 23 100.0 8 34.8 15 65.2 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 94 3.1.3.2 Participation at Individual Level The following Table 65 describes the results of the 2023 wave at individual level according to the SOEP-AAPOR classification, broken down by subsample. Of the 6,508 people to be interviewed, 1,602 completed an interview. Of these, 111 participants did not complete an assigned household or gap questionnaire resulting in a partial interview (1.7 percent). This corresponds to a response rate of 24.6 percent. The majority of non-participants can be categorized as temporary dropouts (65.0 percent). 10.4 percent of the gross sample dropped out of the survey permanently. The most common reason for non-participation is soft refusal (no interest, no time, etc.). Different from the household level, it can be seen here that people from all samples have approximately the same level of soft refusals. However, M6 is above average when looking at those who dropped out permanently. Tabelle 65 Participation at Individual Level by Subsample (AAPOR Codes) (M3-M6) Individual Level Total M3 M4 M5 M6 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample 6,508 100.0 1,503 100.0 1,862 100.0 1,540 100.0 1,603 100.0 Interview [1.0] 1,602 24.6 398 26.5 451 24.2 408 26.5 345 21.5 Complete [1.1; 1.12] 1,491 22.9 378 25.1 422 22.7 371 24.1 320 20.0 Partial [1.21; 1.22] 111 1.7 20 1.3 29 1.6 37 2.4 25 1.6 Non-Interview [2.0] 4,906 75.4 1,105 73.5 1,411 75.8 1,132 73.5 1,258 78.5 Temporary dropout 4,230 65.0 972 64.7 1,246 66.9 962 62.5 1,050 65.5 Break-off [2.12] 105 1.6 33 2.2 27 1.5 25 1.6 20 1.2 Non-contact [2.20, 2.21; 2.22] 1,174 18.0 256 17.0 330 17.7 315 20.5 273 17.0 Temporary physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.321; 2.323] 63 1.0 16 1.1 24 1.3 13 0.8 10 0.6 Language Problem [2.331] 66 1.0 14 0.9 11 0.6 17 1.1 24 1.5 Soft refusal [2.351] 2,282 35.1 560 37.3 699 37.5 471 30.6 552 34.4 New adress [2.4] 66 1.0 25 1.7 20 1.1 12 0.8 9 0.6 Unable to locate adress [3.18] 474 7.3 68 4.5 135 7.3 109 7.1 162 10.1 Final Dropout 676 10.4 133 8.8 165 8.9 170 11.0 208 13.0 Permanent refusal [2.111] 662 10.2 128 8.5 162 8.7 168 10.9 204 12.7 Dead [2.31] 2 0.0 - - - - - - 2 0.1 Permanently physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.322; 2.324] 3 0.0 3 0.2 - - - - - - Moved abroad [4.2] 7 0.1 2 0.1 2 0.1 1 0.1 2 0.1 Household dissolved [4.3] 2 0.0 - - 1 0.1 1 0.1 - - Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 95 PUNR – Partial Unit Non-response Partial unit non-response describes the situation where some but not all household members eligible and selected for the individual interviews have been successfully surveyed. A household is considered fully realized when all adult household members have been interviewed, i.e. complete personal interview has been conducted and the head of the household has answered the household questionnaire. In 2023, the PUNR is at a similar level as in 2021 with only 45.7 percent and thus decreased again compared to 2022. Sample M3 has the highest PUNR at 52.0 percent, while sample M6 has the lowest with 39.4 percent (see Table 66). Tabelle 66 Partial Unit Non-response by Subsample (M3-M6) Household Level Total M3 M4 M5 M6 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 683 100.0 171 100.0 193 100.0 177 100.0 142 100.0 Household partly realized (PUNR) 312 45.7 89 52.0 95 49.2 72 40.7 56 39.4 Household completely realized 371 54.3 82 48.0 98 50.8 105 59.3 86 60.6 Source: infas, own calculation *Share of households with more than one adult household member. The more people living in a household, the more difficult it is to fully realize the household. As the number of members increases, the proportion of fully realized household decreases continuously. Among two person households, 66.0 percent were fully realized; this figure drops to 27.6 percent with four or more members. Tabelle 67 Partial Unit Non-response by Size of Household (M3-M6) Household Level Total 2 person household 3 person household 4 or more person household abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 683 100.0 429 100.0 131 100.0 123 100.0 Household partly realized (PUNR) 312 45.7 146 34.0 77 58.8 89 72.4 Household completely realized 371 54.3 283 66.0 54 41.2 34 27.6 Source: infas, own calculation *Share of households with more than one adult household member. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 96 Effects of Field Measures at Individual Level As at the household level, several field measures were implemented at the individual level, whose effects are described in the following. Switch to CAWI All respondents wishing to answer the questionnaires online received a letter with access information to the online survey (CAWI switch). These CAWI switch letters were sent to 123 adult household members and 43 adolescents (see Table 68) throughout the field period. With 27.6 percent the total CAWI participation was higher among adults than adolescents (18.6 percent). This was only due to the up to three follow-up letters which were sent to adult household members who did not complete the online survey promptly after the switch letter. With every reminder another 4 to 5 respondents participated online, summing up to an increase in the response rate from initially 17.1 percent to 27.6 percent until the end of the fieldwork phase. Tabelle 68 Results of Switch to CAWI at Individual Level (M3-M6) Switch to CAWI Adult participants (born up to 2005) Adolescents (born 2006 to 2011) abs in % abs in % Realized prior to first follow-up letter 21 17.1 - - Realized prior to second follow-up letter 26 21.1 - - Realized prior to third follow-up letter 30 24.4 - - Realized until end of fieldwork phase 34 27.6 8 18.6 Gross Sample 123 100.0 43 100.0 Source: infas, own calculation Refusal Conversion via CAWI Additionally, soft refusals and non-contacts on the individual level were sent access information to the online survey in refusal conversion letters at two points in the course of the fieldwork (mid-October and mid-December). In total 240 adult household members and 212 adolescents received such a letter (see Table 69). Tabelle 69 Results of Refusal Conversion via CAWI at Individual Level (M3-M6) Refusal conversion (CAWI) Adult participants (born up to 2005) Adolescents (born 2006 to 2011) abs in % abs in % Total 240 100.0 212 100.0 Realized in CAWI 6 2.5 13 6.1 Realized in other mode 12 5.0 1 0.5 Not realized 222 92.5 198 93.4 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 97 Only 2.5 percent of the invited adults participated online, but at least 6.1 percent of the adolescents. It can also be seen that the parallel further contact by the interviewer was important, because nearly as many as those who completed the questionnaire online, were still realized in other survey modes (5.0 percent of adults and 0.5 percent of adolescents). 3.1.3.3 Participation at Instrument Level As can be seen in Table 70, a total of 963 household questionnaires and 1,602 individual questionnaires were completed (1,404 by refugees and 198 by non-refugees). The grip strength test, as special feature of this wave, was completed by 1,340 adult household members. First-time respondents also received the biography questionnaire. Here, 61 questionnaires were completed (20 by refugees and 41 by non-refugees). 492 respondents who had temporarily not taken part in the survey in the previous wave were also asked about important events in the meantime with the gap questionnaire. In addition, questionnaires were completed for a total of 668 children and 281 adolescents. Tabelle 70 Number of Interviews by Subsample and Questionnaire (M3-M6) Total M3 M4 M5 M6 Household questionnaire 963 243 250 248 222 Grip strength test 1,340 343 361 338 298 Individual questionnaire (refugee) 1,404 347 383 376 298 Individual questionnaire (non-refugee) 198 51 68 32 47 Biography questionnaire (refugee) 20 7 7 2 4 Biography questionnaire (non-refugee) 41 9 15 8 9 Gap questionnaire 492 119 136 128 109 Child questionnaire: birth year 2012 to 2023 668 147 189 184 148 Youth questionnaire: birth year 2006 to 2011 281 67 122 51 41 Source: infas, own calculation Tabelle 71 Response Rates by Questionnaire (M3-M6) Gross sample Number of interviews Response rate Grip strength test 2,251 1,340 59.5 Individual questionnaire (refugee and non-refugee) 2,251 1,602 71.2 Biography questionnaire (refugee and non-refugee) 107 61 57.0 Gap questionnaire 576 492 85.4 Child questionnaire: birth year 2012 to 2023 1,005 668 66.5 Youth questionnaire: birth year 2006 to 2011 583 281 48.2 Source: infas, own calculation; the gross sample is the target population of participating households. The gross sample size of the additional questionnaires (child questionnaire, biography questionnaire, gap questionnaire) is constituted of the amount of people who completed their individual questionnaire and were to fill out the respective additional questionnaire. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 98 Only validly completed households are included in the calculation of the response rates shown in Table 71. At the level of the individual questionnaires, the combined response rate for refugees and non-refugees is 71.2 percent. The questionnaire for adolescents has a response rate of 48.2 percent while the questionnaire about children has a response rate of around 66.5 percent. The response rates of the additional components lay between 57.0 percent for the biography questionnaire and 85.4 percent for the gap questionnaire. 3.1.3.4 Questionnaire Duration Table 72 below shows the duration of all questionnaires used in the panel samples M3-M6. The household questionnaire took an average of 19.5 minutes to complete in 2023, which is around 2 minutes shorter than in the previous wave. For individual questionnaires, the average duration ranged from around 45.6 minutes for non-refugee respondents to 48.3 minutes for refugees. The additional biography questionnaire took on average 35.2 minutes for refugees and 27.1 minutes for non-refugees. In comparison to the previous wave, the individual questionnaire for refugees got a little longer, while the on for non-refugees was a few minutes shorter. The biography questionnaires both had a similar length to the previous wave. The gap questionnaire only took 2.4 minutes to complete, and the grip strength test was only a little longer with 3 minutes. The duration of the child questionnaire was 11.2 minutes on average and thus around 2 minutes shorter than in the previous wave. As part of the redesign the youth questionnaire was shortened for all age groups and took only 25.2 minutes to complete in 2023, compared to nearly 44 minutes in 2022. Tabelle 72 Interview Length by Questionnaire (in Minutes) (M3-M6) N Mean Median 5% percentile 95% percentile Household questionnaire 962 19.5 17.0 6.5 39.7 Grip strength test 1,340 3.0 2.6 0.9 6.0 Individual questionnaire (refugee) 1,401 48.3 44.9 21.1 89.4 Individual questionnaire (non-refugee) 197 45.6 41.2 14.0 84.7 Biography questionnaire (refugee) 20 35.2 32.5 17.3 71.0 Biography questionnaire (non-refugee) 41 27.1 26.3 12.2 47.0 Gap questionnaire 492 2.4 1.8 0.7 5.6 Child questionnaire: birth year 2012 to 2023 666 11.2 10.2 3.9 21.8 Youth questionnaire: birth year 2006 to 2011 281 25.2 24.0 10.8 44.3 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 99 3.1.3.5 Interviewing Modes and Languages The following tables show the modes and languages used to answer the various questionnaires at household and individual level in the 2023 survey wave. As shown in Table 73, all questionnaires were predominantly administered by an interviewer (CAPI) with over 90 percent for the household questionnaire and around 81 percent for individual and child questionnaires. Only for the youth questionnaire the CAPI share drops below 70 percent. In return adolescents made most use of the self-administered modes CASI (22.1 percent) and CAWI (8.5 percent) to complete their interviews. In total, the share of CAPI and CASI interviews adds up to more questionnaires being administered in the households than in the previous wave. Tabelle 73 Interviewing Modes by Questionnaire (M3-M6) InterviewerBased Self-Administered Total CAPI12 CASI CAWI Household questionnaire abs. 963 880 70 13 in % 100.0 91.4 7.3 1.3 Individual questionnaire abs. 1,602 1,304 245 53 in % 100.0 81.4 15.3 3.3 Child questionnaire abs. 668 541 98 29 in % 100.0 81.0 14.7 4.3 Youth questionnaire abs. 281 195 62 24 in % 100.0 69.4 22.1 8.5 Source: infas, own calculation Table 74 shows the interviewing languages for the different questionnaires. The distribution of the languages is similar among all questionnaires answered by adult household members, with 30 to 36 percent answered in German, around 58 to 67 percent in Arabic, between 2 and 3 percent each in English and Farsi. The newly introduced languages for the refreshment sample Turkish, Russian and Ukrainian were only used in single cases of the samples M3-M6. For adolescent respondents the distribution is very different, with 73.0 percent of German, 26.3 percent Arabic and only some cases of English. 12 Towards the end of the fieldwork phase, a few individual households that could not be interviewed in any other way were interviewed by telephone by interviewers from the F2F field (CAPI by phone). These cases are included here. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 100 Tabelle 74 Interviewing Languages by Questionnaire (M3-M6) German English Arabic Farsi Turkish Russian Ukrainian Total Household matrix abs. 362 27 603 29 - 5 1 1,027 in % 35.2 2.6 58.7 2.8 - 0.5 0.1 100.0 Household questionnaire abs. 293 29 608 29 - 3 1 963 in % 30.4 3.0 63.1 3.0 - 0.3 0.1 100.0 Individual questionnaire abs. 582 43 936 36 - 4 1 1,602 in % 36.3 2.7 58.4 2.2 - 0.2 0.1 100.0 Child questionnaire abs. 157 41 448 19 - 2 1 668 in % 23.5 6.1 67.1 2.8 - 0.3 0.1 100.0 Youth questionnaire abs. 205 2 74 - - - - 281 in % 73.0 0.7 26.3 - - - - 100.0 Source: infas, own calculation 3.1.3.6 Panel Consent As an innovation in the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees, all adult household members as well as adolescents born in 2006 or 2007 were actively asked for their panel consent at the end of their personal interview. Only those respondents who gave the consent will be readdressed for the next wave in 2024. Temporary dropouts in 2023 will be asked for their consent in the following wave. Most respondents gave their panel consent, the consent rate being a little higher among adult participants with 92.8 percent compared to 88.6 percent among adolescent participants. Tabelle 75 Panel Consent (M3-M6) Individual Level Adult participants (born up to 2005) Adolescent participants (born 2006 or 2007) abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 1,629 100.0 114 100.0 Panel consent given 1,511 92.8 101 88.6 Panel consent refused 118 7.2 13 11.4 Source: infas, own calculation *Respondents who were asked the panel consent question Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 101 3.1.3.7 Record Linkage Consent As in the main study, to be able to link data from other institutions to the survey data after completion of the survey, each adult respondent is asked for their consent in the questionnaire if they have not already given it before or have refused it twice. Consent is requested separately for linkage purposes with the Institute for Employment Research (IAB) and the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF). For the BAMF-linkage written consent is needed while for the IAB-linkage verbal consent is sufficient. In the 2023 survey wave, 65 respondents in the panel samples M3-M6 were asked for their consent to link data from the Institute for Employment Research and 28 respondents (43.1 percent) gave their consent (see Table 76). Looking at the BAMFlinkage, we see that 689 respondents were asked for their consent this year and 361 respondents gave it (52.4 percent). Tabelle 76 Consent to Record Linkage (M3-M6) Individual Level IAB BAMF abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 65 100.0 689 100.0 Consent given in this survey wave 28 43.1 361 52.4 Consent not given in this survey wave 37 56.9 328 47.6 Source: infas, own calculation *Respondents who were asked the record linkage consent question Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 102 3.1.3.8 Tracking Techniques For the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees in particular, intensive tracking of address information is essential to establish contact with target persons and to reduce panel attrition between survey waves. For this reason, tracking takes place continuously, both during the field phase and between waves. During the field phase, new contact information is always fed back to the respective interviewers for contacting. Likewise, contact information is collected and researched especially by interviewers during the contacting process. Table 77 shows the tracking results during the 2023 survey, separated according to the different types of tracking. It should be noted that individual persons may be tracked more than once if it turns out that contact information is outdated or inaccurate. In total, 810 addresses were tracked in the panel sample M3-M6 during the fieldwork phase. With this around one-quarter of the households contacted were included in the tracking this year, which is about the same as in the previous wave. In about 26 percent of these, the known address was confirmed and in 71.6 percent new address data could be researched. The highest proportion of newly researched addresses resulted from feedback from the target persons themselves (via the infas hotline or by e-mail). Tabelle 77 Result of Tracking Techniques (M3-M6) Tracking Total Adressfactory EWO infas hotline Interviewer tracking Total abs. 810 348 271 395 91 in % 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Deceased abs. 3 - - - 3 in % 0.4 - - - 3.3 Moved abroad abs. 8 - 3 - 5 in % 1.0 - 1.1 - 5.5 No information provided abs. 6 8 154 - - in % 0.7 2.3 56.8 - - New address data returned abs. 580 78 60 378 78 in % 71.6 22.4 22.1 95.7 85.7 Old address data confirmed abs. 213 262 54 17 5 in % 26.3 75.3 19.9 4.3 5.5 Source: infas iSMS, multiple answers possible Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 109 3.2.2.3 Contacting and Communication The general contact strategy as well as most of the field measures used were the same as in the panel samples M3-M6 (see Chapter 3.1.2.3). However, the M9 incentive concept differed from the panel samples. In addition to the 5 euro pre-paid incentive for the pre-recruitment survey in the subsamples M9-REF and M9-SUARE 1 tranche 2, all adult household members born before or in 2005 who completed their full personal interview (including the biography questionnaire) received 20 euro together with the thank-you-letter. Since the biography questionnaire is an essential part of first wave interviews, especially in this target group, adult household members who only completed their individual questionnaire and no biography questionnaire received a combined thank-you and follow-up letter containing only 10 euro as post-paid incentive. If the missing biography questionnaire was realized online afterwards, the respondents received another thank-you-letter containing another 10 euro as post-paid incentive. Additionally, as in the panel samples, a doorstep incentive of 2 euro for each household was introduced. Concerning the field measures there were also some small differences to the panel samples: The letter for non-contacts on the household level, which was sent in mid-October and the end of November, was accompagnied by the study flyer as for the panel samples. But no additional questions about availability and language were asked, since these questions were already part of the pre-recruitment survey. Also, no accompagnying mail was sent for the refreshment sample. Additionally, the pre-recruited households who were not yet contacted by an interviewer until the end of September received a short letter announcing that an interviewer would soon be in touch for the main part of the survey. Furthermore, pre-recruited households that could not be reached until the end of the fieldwork phase received a farewell letter in the beginning of January with a thank you for their willingness to participate and the information, that the fieldwork phase has ended, and they will not be a part of the next survey wave. 3.2.2.4 Follow-up Online Survey In the aftermath of their participation in the 2023 survey wave, respondents from the subsamples M9-SUARE 1 and 2 were invited to participate in a small additional online survey. The aim of this study using a factorial survey design was to examine conditions under which Ukrainian refugees would be willing to start vocational training in Germany. More information on the survey design and the results are presented in Chapter 3.2.3. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 110 3.2.3 Results The following chapter presents the field results for the refreshment sample M9 in 2023. Results of the pre-recruitment are presented first (Chapter 3.2.3.1), followed by results at the household level (Chapter 3.2.3.2) and the individual level (Chapter 3.2.3.3). The results at the instrument level are then discussed (Chapter 3.2.3.4), as well as questionnaire duration (Chapter 3.2.3.5), the use of different interviewing modes and languages (Chapter 3.2.3.6), the result of the question on panel consent (Chapter 3.2.3.7) and the results of the questions on consent to record linkage (Chapter 3.2.3.8). 3.2.3.1 Pre-Recruitment Prior to the main field phase, all 33,787 target persons of the M9 refreshment sample were invited to a short pre-recruitment survey which was administered via CAWI or PAPI. With 9,251 respondents more than one fourth (27.4 percent) of the addressed target persons completed the interview, 20.0 percent online and 7.4 percent via PAPI. In addition to this, 21.9 percent of the send-outs were returned due to false address information (n=7,388) and 1.1 percent of the target persons actively refused their participation in the survey (n=375; see Table 82). When comparing the different subsamples, it can be observed that the response rate in the AZR refreshment samples ranged from 19.7 percent in M9-SUARE 2 to 23.9 percent in M9-REF, having higher response rates in both CAWI and PAPI. Additionally, the share of false address information was nearly 10 percentage points higher in M9-SUARE 2. The panel sample M9-SUARE 1 on the other hand expectedly had a much higher response rate with 53.0 percent in tranche 1 and 58.4 percent in tranche 2. The additional measures taken to boost the response rate in tranche 2 therefore seem to have been successful, especially the prepaid incentive. The enclosed PAPI questionnaire on the other hand did not lead to a higher response rate. Tabelle 82 Overview Pre-Recruitment by Subsample (M9) Total M9-REF M9-SUARE 1 Tranche 1 M9-SUARE 1 Tranche 2 M9-SUARE 2 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample 33,787 100.0 22,352 100.0 3,000 100.0 1,715 100.0 6,720 100.0 Response total 9,251 27.4 5,337 23.9 1,591 53.0 1,002 58.4 1,321 19.7 Of which CAWI 6,743 20.0 3,476 15.6 1,407 46.9 926 54.0 934 13.9 Of which PAPI 2,508 7.4 1,861 8.3 184 6.1 76 4.4 387 5.8 Refusal 375 1.1 302 1.4 23 0.8 17 1.0 33 0.5 Postal return 7,388 21.9 4,458 19.9 636 21.2 338 19.7 1,956 29.1 Source: infas, own calculation A comparison of the development of the response rate during the pre-recruitment phase in the two AZR refreshment samples shows that the use of the prepaid incentive in the advance letter in the M9-REF subsample led to a higher response Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 111 rate directly afterwards with 13.8 percent, compared to 9.3 percent in M9-SUARE 2. Furthermore, the response rate after the first follow-up letter was also higher in M9-REF with an increase of 10.1 percentage points, compared to an increase of 6.9 percentage points in M9-SUARE 2. The positive effect of the prepaid incentive thus appears to continue after the first reminder. The second follow-up letter, which was only sent in the M9-SUARE 2 subsample, led to another substantial increase in response rate of 3.5 percentage points, even if, as expected, it decreased with each mailing. Thus, although the positive prepaid effect in the M9-REF subsample could not be completely compensated for, the overall response rate of the M9SUARE 2 subsample was raised to a similar level by the second reminder (see Table 83). When looking at the two tranches of the subsample M9-SUARE 1, besides the positive prepaid effect it can be observed that the accompanying mail, introduced in tranche 1 with the first follow-up letter and in tranche 2 with the advance letter, also seems to have led to higher response rates. This is especially true for the CAWI response, which can be explained by the fact that a direct link to the CAWI questionnaire was included in the mails. The response rate in tranche 2 was nearly 5 percent higher than in tranche 1 prior to the first follow-up letter. This difference was almost eliminated prior to the second follow-up letter but rose again to over 5 percentage points until the end of the pre-recruitment phase (see Table 83). Tabelle 83 Development of Response Pre-Recruitment Total by Subsample (M9) Cumulated response Total M9-REF M9-SUARE 1 Tranche 1 M9-SUARE 1 Tranche 2 M9-SUARE 2 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Realized prior to first follow-up letter 4,998 14.8 3,093 13.8 762 25.4 515 30.0 628 9.3 Realized prior to second follow-up letter 8,541 25.3 5,337 23.9 1,337 44.6 778 45.4 1,089 16.2 Realized until end of pre-recruitment phase 9,251 27.4 5,337 23.9 1,591 53.0 1,002 58.4 1,321 19.7 Gross sample 33,787 100.0 22,352 100.0 3,000 100.0 1,715 100.0 6,720 100.0 Source: infas, own calculation 3.2.3.2 Participation at Household Level In the face-to-face field, a total of 14,243 households were to be contacted in the refreshment sample M9 in 2023. In 5,301 households at least one interview was successfully conducted, resulting in a total response rate of 37.2 percent over all subsamples. Figure 6 shows the cumulation of completed household interviews over the fieldwork phase. The field period ran from July 2023 to the beginning of January 2024 as for the panel samples. Interviews were completed at a quite similar rate throughout the entire fieldwork phase, with an accelerating tendency until November 2023 and a deceleration in the last two months of the fieldwork phase. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 112 Abbildung 6 Completion of Household Interviews in the Field (M9) Absolute numbers 0 500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500 4.000 4.500 5.000 5.500 Number of Household Interviews 2023 2024 Source: infas, own figure The following Table 84 describes the results of the 2023 survey on household level according to the SOEP-AAPOR classification differentiated for the following subsamples: M9-REF pre-recruited, M9-REF non-pre-recruited, M9-SUARE 1, M9SUARE 2. In the subsamples M9-SUARE 1 and 2 only pre-recruited households were transferred to the face-to-face-field. In the subsample M9-REF in addition to the pre-recruited households a random sample non-respondents was drawn for the face-to-face field to account for non-random effects of non-response in the pre-recruitment survey (M9-REF non-pre-recruited). Of the 5,301 interviewed households more than two thirds were surveyed completely (n=3,760), i.e. all household members born in or before 2005 could be interviewed. In a total of 4,881 households, both the household questionnaire and at least one individual interview were completed besides the obligatory household matrix (AAPOR codes 1.11 and 1.21). In the remaining 420 households (2.9 percent) at least one essential questionnaire, e.g. the household questionnaire was missing. The response rates differ substantially between the four subsamples: The pre-recruited subsamples of M9-REF und M9-SUARE 1 and 2 have much higher response rates than the non-pre-recruited households of M9-REF, which indicates that the pre-recruitment survey had the desired effect of recruiting motivated households for the face-to-face field. But the numbers also show a remarkable difference between the two targets groups of Ukrainian refugees and those from all over the world. While the response rate in M9-SUARE 1 and 2 lay around 60 percent, it was more than 15 percentage points lower in the pre-recruited M9-REF subsample with a response rate of 44.7 percent. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 113 Tabelle 84 Participation at Household Level by Subsample (AAPOR Codes) (M9) Household Level Total M9-REF pre-recruited M9-REF nonpre-recruited M9-SUARE 1 M9-SUARE 2 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample 14,243 100.0 5,337 100.0 4,992 100.0 2,593 100.0 1,321 100.0 Interview [1.0] 5,301 37.2 2,386 44.7 534 10.7 1,607 62.0 774 58.6 Complete [1.11] 3,760 26.4 1,549 29.0 341 6.8 1,276 49.2 594 45.0 Partial [1.21] 1,121 7.9 586 11.0 118 2.4 276 10.6 141 10.7 Partial (missing household questionnaire) [2.353] 299 2.1 168 3.1 57 1.1 43 1.7 31 2.3 Partial (missing data) [2.354] 121 0.8 83 1.6 18 0.4 12 0.5 8 0.6 Non-Interview [2.0] 8,942 62.8 2,951 55.3 4,458 89.3 986 38.0 547 41.4 Temporary dropout 7,383 51.8 2,586 48.5 3,516 70.4 820 31.6 461 34.9 Break-off [2.12] 59 0.4 35 0.7 8 0.2 11 0.4 5 0.4 Non-contact [2.2] 1,108 7.8 346 6.5 558 11.2 141 5.4 63 4.8 Temporary physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.321] 44 0.3 11 0.2 12 0.2 13 0.5 8 0.6 Language Problem [2.331] 333 2.3 171 3.2 118 2.4 29 1.1 15 1.1 Soft refusal [2.351] 4,042 28.4 1,881 35.2 1,216 24.4 590 22.8 355 26.9 New adress [2.4] 240 1.7 142 2.7 47 0.9 36 1.4 15 1.1 Not attempted or worked [3.11] 1,557 10.9 - - 1,557 31.2 - - - - Final Dropout 1,559 11.0 365 6.8 942 18,9 166 6.4 86 6.5 Permanent refusal [2.111] 569 4.0 188 3.5 269 5.4 81 3.1 31 2.3 Dead [2.31] 5 0.0 1 0.0 4 0.1 - - - - Permanently physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.322] 29 0.2 9 0.2 16 0.3 3 0.1 1 0.1 Moved abroad [4.2] 65 0.5 6 0.1 5 0.1 38 1.5 16 1.2 Household unlocatable[4.4] 709 5.0 118 2.2 531 10.6 32 1.2 28 2.1 Non-eligible [4.5] 182 1.3 43 0.8 117 2.3 12 0.5 10 0.8 Source: infas, own calculation The non-pre-recruited households of M9-REF in comparison only reached a response rate of 10.7 percent, but it must be taken into consideration here that the assumed response rate here also lay around 10 percent. This is also the reason for the higher shares of households without a contact attempt (31.2 percent) or a successful contact (11.2 percent). Additionally, without pre-recruitment the share of unlocatable households was much higher with 10.6 percent compared to around 2 percent in the other subsamples. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 114 In contrast to the pre-recruitment phase there is no big difference between the face-to-face response rates between the previously interviewed subsample M9SUARE 1 and the newly sampled M9-SUARE 2 with 62.0 and 58.6 percent. This little difference is due to a slightly higher share of soft refusals in the M9-SUARE 2 subsample. The highest share of soft refusal can be found in the pre-recruited households of M9-REF with 35.2 percent, the main reasons for refusal being "no time" and "no interest", same as in the panel samples. The share of final dropouts is similar with 6 to 7 percent in all three pre-recruited subsamples. Contact Effort The following Table 85 to Table 87 show the average number of contacts of the three pre-recruited subsamples M9-REF, M9-SUARE 1 and 2 over the entire fieldwork phase. These three subsamples needed to be contacted thoroughly to obtain an interview with as many households as possible. On average, interviewed households in M9-REF had 3.5 contact attempts. In M9SUARE 1 it was 3.1 contact attempts and in M9-SUARE 2 3.2 contact attempts. With this the interviewed refreshment households were easier to reach and motivate then the panel households in the samples M3-M6 with an average of 4.1 contact attempts. At most, an interview was completed after 19 contact attempts in the M9-REF subsample. The average number of contact attempts overall and in the group households that could not be reached until the end of the fieldwork phase was around the same as needed for an interview in M9-SUARE 1, a little higher than needed in M9-SUARE 2 and a little lower in M9-REF. Tabelle 85 Number of Interviewer Contacts by Field Result (AAPOR Codes) (M9-REF Pre-recruited) N Mean Minimum Maximum Total 5,337 2.7 0 19 Interview [1.0] 2,386 3.5 1 19 Non-contact [2.2] 346 2.9 1 12 Soft refusal [2.351] 1,880 1.8 0 17 Source: infas, own calculation Tabelle 86 Number of Interviewer Contacts by Field Result (AAPOR Codes) (M9-SUARE 1) N Mean Minimum Maximum Total 2,593 2.9 0 15 Interview [1.0] 1,607 3.1 1 12 Non-contact [2.2] 141 3.0 1 9 Soft refusal [2.351] 589 2.3 0 15 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 115 Tabelle 87 Number of Interviewer Contacts by Field Result (AAPOR Codes) (M9-SUARE 2) N Mean Minimum Maximum Total 1,321 2.8 0 14 Interview [1.0] 774 3.2 1 11 Non-contact [2.2] 63 3.5 1 11 Soft refusal [2.351] 355 2.0 0 13 Source: infas, own calculation Effects of Field Measures at Household Level As described in chapter 3.1.2.3, several field measures were implemented in the 2022 survey to increase response rates. The effects of the measures implemented at the household level are described in the following. Letter for Non-contacts At two times during the field period, letters for non-contacts on the household level were sent to household heads which could not be reached by an interviewer, requesting a contact data update. In total, 840 households received such a letter and 193 of these households (23.0 percent) could be reached and interviewed in the following weeks. The update request did not elicit a huge reaction with 129 households (15.4 percent), who updated their contact data. Nevertheless, compared to the respective group in the panel samples M3-M6 (without an accompagnying mail) the response was much higher. Also, these households had a higher response rate in the household interview with 28.7 percent compared to 21.9 percent without contact data update (see Table 88). Tabelle 88 Results Letter for Non-contacts at Household Level (M9) Letter for non-contacts Total Household interview (matrix) realized Household interview (matrix) not realized abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample letter for non-contacts 840 100.0 193 23.0 647 77.0 No update contact data 711 100.0 156 21.9 555 78.1 Contact data updated 129 100.0 37 28.7 92 71.3 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 116 3.2.3.3 Participation at Individual Level The following Table 89 describes the results of the 2023 wave at individual level according to the SOEP-AAPOR classification, broken down by subsample. Tabelle 89 Participation at Individual Level by Subsample (AAPOR Codes) (M9) Individual Level Total M9-REF pre-recruited M9-REF nonpre-recruited M9-SUARE 1 M9-SUARE 2 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample 9,132 100.0 4,042 100.0 925 100.0 2,748 100.0 1,417 100.0 Interview [1.0] 7,635 83.6 3,231 79.9 742 80.2 2,422 88.1 1,240 87.5 Complete [1.1] 7,635 83.6 3,231 79.9 742 80.2 2,422 88.1 1,240 87.5 Non-Interview [2.0] 1,497 16.4 811 20.1 183 19.8 326 11.9 177 12.5 Temporary dropout 1,374 15.0 746 18.5 167 18.1 300 10.9 161 11.4 Break-off [2.12] 188 2.1 114 2.8 23 2.5 30 1.1 21 1.5 Non-contact [2.21] 455 5.0 234 5.8 65 7.0 98 3.6 58 4.1 Temporary physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.321] 30 0.3 17 0.4 1 0.1 11 0.4 1 0.1 Language Problem [2.331] 28 0.3 22 0.5 2 0.2 3 0.1 1 0.1 Soft refusal [2.351] 673 7.4 359 8.9 76 8.2 158 5.7 80 5.6 Final Dropout 123 1.3 65 1.6 16 1.7 26 0.9 16 1.1 Permanent refusal [2.111] 88 1.0 55 1.4 10 1.1 12 0.4 11 0.8 Dead [2.31] 1 0.0 - - - - 1 0.0 - - Permanently physically or mentally unable/incompetent [2.322] 27 0.3 9 0.2 5 0.5 10 0.4 3 0.2 Moved abroad [4.2] 7 0.1 1 0.0 1 0.1 3 0.1 2 0.1 Source: infas, own calculation Of the 9,132 adult household members to be interviewed, 7,635 completed an interview. This corresponds to an overall response rate of 83.6 percent. The majority of non-participants can be categorized as soft refusals and non-contacts. Only 1.3 percent of the gross sample dropped out permanently. As at the household level, it can also be seen here that people from subsamples M9-SUARE 1 and 2 are easier to motivate to participate than in the subsamples of M9-REF with a response rate of around 88 compared to 80 percent. This is due to a higher share of soft refusals and non-contacts in the M9-REF subsamples. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 117 PUNR – Partial Unit Non-response Compared to the panel samples M3-M6, the M9 subsamples show a lower overall partial unit non-response (PUNR) of 36.7 percent. This is mainly due to the subsamples M9-SUARE 1 and 2 which have a PUNR below 30 percent. The M9-Ref subsamples on the other hand are rather close to the panel samples with 40 to 44 percent (see Table 90). Tabelle 90 Partial Unit Non-response by Subsample (M9) Household Level Total M9-REF pre-recruited M9-REF nonpre-recruited M9-SUARE 1 M9-SUARE 2 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 3,058 100.0 1,328 100.0 293 100.0 926 100.0 511 100.0 household partly realized (PUNR) 1,121 36.7 586 44.1 118 40.3 276 29.8 141 27.6 household completely realized 1,937 63.3 742 55.9 175 59.7 650 70.2 370 72.4 Source: infas, own calculation *Share of households with more than one adult household member. As in the panel samples, the more people living in the household, the more difficult it is to fully realize a household. As the number of members increases, the proportion of fully realized household decreases continuously. Among two person households, 70.5 percent were fully realized; this figure drops to 31.4 percent with four or more members. Tabelle 91 Partial Unit Non-response by Size of Household (M9) Household Level Total 2 person household 3 person household 4 or more person household abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Gross sample* 3,058 100.0 2,241 100.0 540 100.0 277 100.0 Household partly realized (PUNR) 1,121 36.7 660 29.5 271 50.2 190 68.6 Household completely realized 1,937 63.3 1,581 70.5 269 49.8 87 31.4 Source: infas, own calculation *Share of households with more than one adult household member. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 118 Effects of Field Measures at Individual Level As at the household level, several field measures were implemented at the individual level, whose effects are described in the following. Switch to CAWI As in the panel samples, all respondents wishing to answer the questionnaires online received a letter with access information to the online survey (CAWI switch). These CAWI switch letters were sent to 449 adult household members throughout the field period (see Table 92). With 59.9 percent the CAWI participation was more than twice as high as in the panel samples, which means the switch was much less used as hidden refusal in the refreshment sample. Almost half of the interviews were realized prior to the first follow-up letter. Another 10.7 percent could be realized after the reminders, with the highest boost given by the first follow-up letter. The other two reminders only had minor effects. Tabelle 92 Results of Switch to CAWI at Individual Level (M9) Switch to CAWI Adult participants (born up to 2005) abs. in % Realized prior to first follow-up letter 221 49.2 Realized prior to second follow-up letter 255 56.8 Realized prior to third follow-up letter 266 59.2 Realized until end of fieldwork phase 269 59.9 Gross Sample 449 100.0 Source: infas, own calculation Refusal Conversion via CAWI Additionally, like in the panel samples soft refusals and non-contacts on the individual level were sent access information to the online survey as part of the refusal conversion letters at two points in the course of the fieldwork. In the M9 subsamples a total of 1,075 adult household members received such a letter. Like with the CAWI switch the response rate in the refreshment sample was much higher than in the panel sample with 14.6 percent realized in CAWI and 2.6 percent in other modes (see Table 93). Tabelle 93 Results of Refusal Conversion via CAWI at Individual Level (M9) Refusal conversion (CAWI) Adult participants (born up to 2005) abs. in % Total 1,075 100.0 Realized in CAWI 157 14.6 Realized in other mode 28 2.6 Not realized 890 82.8 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 125 Design For the study, a factorial survey design (vignettes) was implemented. In addition, a short list experiment was included as well as a short questionnaire, including information on the intentions to stay or return, the employment status and general attitudes. In order to be able to analyze the development of their intentions and attitudes, the online survey was conducted at three measurement points for each respondent (waves 1 to 3). The questionnaire remained the same, only the vignettes presented changed. The fieldwork phases of the three tranches are displayed in Figure 7. Abbildung 7 Overview Fieldwork Phases (Follow-up Online Survey) 2023 2024 Tranche 3 Wave 1 Tranche 1 Wave 1 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 12345678910 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Tranche 2 Wave 1 Tranche 1 Wave 2 Tranche 1 Wave 3 Tranche 2 Wave 2 Tranche 2 Wave 3 Tranche 3 Wave 2 Tranche 3 Wave 3 Dispatch Follow-Up Dispatch Follow-Up Dispatch Follow-Up Dispatch Follow-Up cw Dispatch Follow-Up Dispatch Follow-Up Dispatch Follow-Up Dispatch Follow-Up Source: infas, own figure The questionnaire started with five randomly assigned vignettes, drawn from a total of 216 vignettes. The vignettes describe different fictional but realistic scenarios of offers for vocational training in Germany. They vary in the dimensions of sector, length of training, wage during vocational training and afterwards, working hours, required German language skills, and risk of unemployment. For each scenario, the respondents were asked how likely it is that they would accept the offered job described in the scenario, how confident they are with that decision and how useful they think this kind of vocational training would be for a future occupation in Germany and Ukraine. This was followed by a list experiment about reasons for accepting or rejecting a job offer. For this the respondents were divided into two groups. One group was asked for reasons in favour of accepting a job offer (positive wording). The other group was asked for reasons for rejecting a job offer (negative wording). Within these two groups all respondents were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups, receiving an additional reason for accepting or rejecting a job offer, or to the control group. Such a list experiment, where the respondents only specify how many of the presented response options fit for them, is intended to reduce social desirability bias. Subsequently, the questions on intentions to stay and return, employment status and personal attitudes were asked. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 126 The whole communication in the follow-up survey was administered via e-mail. Available languages were German, Ukrainian and Russian, which were assigned according to the interview language in the main survey. An advance letter was sent with the start of each tranche. Follow-up letters were sent two weeks later to all respondents, who did not yet participate (see Figure 7). Temporary dropouts were still contacted at all further measurement points and asked again to participate. Following the third wave, a thank-you letter was sent to everyone who participated in at least one of the waves. A monetary incentive was not included for the follow-up survey. Results Table 105 provides an overview completed interviews and break-offs across all three waves and tranches. Overall, a total of 2,460 interviews were completed and 415 were cancelled during the course of the survey. Tabelle 105 Completed Interviews and Break-offs by Tranche and Wave (Follow-up Online Survey) Total Wave 1 Wave 2 Wave 3 Complete Break-off Complete Break-off Complete Break-off Complete Break-off Total 2,460 415 986 132 767 157 707 126 Tranche 1 463 74 181 27 133 24 149 23 Tranche 2 1,157 192 449 56 377 80 331 56 Tranche 3 840 149 356 49 257 53 227 47 Source: infas, own calculation Table 106 shows the completed interviews by waves and tranches. The cooperation rate starts at 40.0 percent in the first wave, then falls to 31.1 percent in the second wave and drops only slightly to 28.7 percent in the last wave. The development of completions is similar in tranches 2 and 3. In tranche 1, however, it does not fall constantly but rises again to 34.6 percent in wave 3. However, the response rate not only decreases as the number of waves increases, but also with each tranche. Tabelle 106 Response Rate by Wave and Tranche (Follow-up Online Survey) Total Tranche 1 Tranche 2 Tranche 3 abs. % abs. % abs. % abs. % Total 2,465 100.0 431 100.0 1,131 100.0 903 100.0 Wave 1 986 40.0 181 41.9 449 39.7 356 39.4 Wave 2 767 31.1 133 30.9 377 33.3 257 28.5 Wave 3 707 28.7 149 34.6 331 29.3 227 25.1 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 127 Table 107 to Table 109 differentiate the completions according to whether the respondents took part in the survey before or after receiving the follow-up letter. The proportion of people who took part in the survey before the follow-up letter decreases with each wave. While just under a third of the cases were completed in the first wave after the invitations were sent out, this figure was just under a quarter in the second wave. In the third wave, one fifth of respondents accepted the invitation to take part in the survey directly. Tabelle 107 Progression of Response Wave 1 by Tranche (Follow-up Online Survey) Cumulated response Total Tranche 1 Tranche 2 Tranche 3 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Realized prior to follow-up letter 745 30.2 135 31.3 325 28.7 285 31.6 Realized until end of fieldwork phase 986 40.0 181 41.9 449 39.7 356 39.4 Gross Sample 2,465 100.0 431 100.0 1,131 100.0 903 100.0 Source: infas, own calculation The reminder e-mails led to an increase in completions in each wave. In wave 1, further 9.8 percent of the total sample was completed. In wave 2, the figure was only 7.3 percent. In wave 3, another 8.8 percent were completed after the followup letter. In wave 1, the follow-up letters had the smallest effect in tranche 3 (7.8 percentage points). In the second wave, the effect of the follow-up letters was by far the smallest in tranche 1 (2.4 percentage points). In wave 3, however, it was strongest in the first tranche (10.2 percentage points). Ultimately, the results show that sending follow-up letters has a positive effect on response rates. Tabelle 108 Progression of Response Wave 2 by Tranche (Follow-up Online Survey) Cumulated response Total Tranche 1 Tranche 2 Tranche 3 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Realized prior to follow-up letter 586 23.8 123 28.5 293 25.9 170 18.8 Realized until end of fieldwork phase 767 31.1 133 30.9 377 33.3 257 28.5 Gross Sample 2,465 100.0 431 100.0 1,131 100.0 903 100.0 Source: infas, own calculation Tabelle 109 Progression of Response Wave 3 by Tranche (Follow-up Online Survey) Cumulated response Total Tranche 1 Tranche 2 Tranche 3 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Realized prior to follow-up letter 491 19.9 105 24.4 235 20.8 151 16.7 Realized until end of fieldwork phase 707 28.7 149 34.6 331 29.3 227 25.1 Gross Sample 2,465 100.0 431 100.0 1,131 100.0 903 100.0 Source: infas, own calculation Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 128 Table 110 illustrates how many respondents took part in how many waves. The size of the groups differs only marginally. A total of 1,260 people (51.1 percent) took part in the follow-up survey at least once. The other 48.9 percent of the people contacted did not take part at all. Tabelle 110 Frequency of Participation by Tranche (Follow-up Online Survey) Total Tranche 1 Tranche 2 Tranche 3 abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % abs. in % Total 2,465 100.0 431 17.5 1,131 45.9 903 36.7 No respondance 1,205 48.9 194 16.1 546 45.3 465 38.6 Respondance in one wave 457 18.5 83 18.2 200 43.8 174 38.1 Respondance in two waves 406 16.5 82 20.2 198 48.8 126 31.0 Respondance in three waves 397 16.1 72 18.1 187 47.1 138 37.8 Source: infas, own calculation Table 111 provides an overview of the durations of completed interviews according to the waves and tranches. The average duration in wave 1 is 14.6 minutes. With each additional wave the average survey duration decreases in each tranche. In wave 3, the average processing time is then only 12.2 minutes. Tabelle 111 Interview Length by Wave and Tranche (Mean in Minutes) (Follow-up Online Survey) Total Tranche 1 Tranche 2 Tranche 3 Wave 1 14.6 15.1 14.7 14.1 Wave 2 13.2 13.2 13.1 13.4 Wave 3 12.2 12.8 12.3 11.8 Source: infas, own calculation In addition to 2,460 completed interviews over the three waves (see Table 105), there were another 415 interviews, which were broken off at some point before the end of the questionnaire. 55 of the break-offs took place in the introduction page of the questionnaire. By far the most break-offs took place in the first vignette (n = 199) and over the other vignettes (n =116). The remaining break-offs are distributed across the rest of questionnaire (n = 45). Table 112 provides an overview of the interview break-offs according to the waves and tranches. In tranche 1, the break-offs decrease constantly with each wave. In the other two tranches, there were more break-offs in wave 2. This is particularly noticeable in tranche 2. Here, the break-off rate rose from 4.3 percent in wave 1 to 7.1 percent in wave 2, only to fall again to 4.3 percent in the third wave. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 129 Tabelle 112 Proportion of Break-Offs by Wave and Tranche (Follow-up Online Survey) Total Tranche 1 Tranche 2 Tranche 3 abs. % abs. % abs. % abs. % Total 2,465 100.0 431 100.0 1,131 100.0 903 100.0 Wave 1 132 5.4 27 6.3 56 4.3 49 5.4 Wave 2 157 6.4 24 5.6 80 7.1 53 5.9 Wave 3 126 5.1 23 5.3 56 4.3 47 5.2 Source: infas, own calculation 3.3 Interviewer Monitoring As in the main study, all interviews are evaluated by infas throughout the field period and potential misbehavior is analyzed at interviewer level. The indicators considered here are the same as in the main study: statistical indicators based on the net data, especially durations, feedback from respondents and supervisors as well as recordings of interviews and intracluster correlation coefficients (ICCs). For more details see Chapter 2.3. Interviewers who are found to have conducted interviews with anomalies during the course of the fieldwork are contacted by the head of operations and asked to comment or receive individual coaching/retraining. Irrespective of this, the available sample information is compared with the information provided in the interview for all completed interviews. There is also a constant review of the response rate and the course of contact. The proportion of anomalous instruments in all completed instruments lays between 0.5 and 44.1 percent for the corresponding interviewers. A total of 116 interviewers had a proportion of anomalous instruments of zero or below one percent. Overall, 43 interviewers had a higher proportion of anomalous instruments than 10 percent, although in most cases this is due to very rapid interviewing. In the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees additional analyses were carried out by the IAB. The IAB interviewer monitoring focusses on interview durations and a range of data quality indicators such as answer patterns and item nonresponse. After the end of fieldwork phase all interviewers with anomalies in their interviews were discussed in a joint meeting. As a result of this meeting, one interviewer (ID 20912) was identified as critical due to strong deviations in the standardization of the interview, short interview durations and a lack of willingness to change his behavior. All questionnaires administered by this interviewer were excluded from the final data delivery. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 130 3.4 Data Delivery As in the main study, bi-weekly field reports were delivered throughout the fieldwork phase (calendar week 31 in 2023 to calendar week 3 in 2024) to illustrate the progress of the fieldwork. The survey data was delivered in two interim data deliveries during the fieldwork phase and one final data delivery after the end of the field phase. The first interim data delivery, transferred on 25 August 2023, contained the uncleaned net data and preliminary methodological and gross data. The second interim data delivery, containing uncleaned and enriched net data as well as preliminary methodological and gross data, was transferred on 13 December 2023. The final data delivery, containing uncleaned and enriched net data as well as the final versions of methodological and gross data, was transferred on 27 February 2024. The final data delivery also contained the corresponding infas360 geodata. The microm geodata was delivered on 18 June 2024. The delivered datasets are listed in detail in the following Table 113. A detailed description of data cleaning and processing in all subsamples can be found in Chapter 2.4.1. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 131 Tabelle 113 Data Delivery (M3-M9) Data set Description Gross data soep-core-2023-hbrutto.dta Gross data set household sample soep-core-2023-pbrutto.dta Gross data set individual sample soep-core-2023-hhmatrix.dta Data set household matrix soep-core-2023-relmatrix.dta Data set relationship matrix soep-core-2023-infas360.dta Geodata from the infas360 dataset soep-core-2023-microm.dta Geodata Microm soep-core-2023-microm-koordinaten.dta Geo-coordinate of the residential address based on Microm Net data soep-core-2023-vorabkurz-ref Pre-recruitment survey soep-core-2023-hh-ref Household REF soep-core-2023-gs Grip strenght test soep-core-2023-p-ref Individual REF soep-core-2023-pe2 Individual CORE soep-core-2023-camces CAMCES soep-core-2023-fluchtroute Flight Route soep-core-2023-ju2 Youth soep-core-2023-ll-ref Biography REF soep-core-2023-ll2 Biography CORE soep-core-2023-l2 Gap soep-core-2023-ki-2 Child Methodological data soep-core-2023-contact Contact history data set soep-core-2023-instrumentation Instrumentation data set soep-core-2023-intband Interviewer data set soep-core-2023-kontext Context data set soep-core-2023-wuma Data set residential environment questionnaire Time stamp data sets (n = 12) Time stamp data sets soep-core-2023-qlogeachlog Language change data set Source: infas Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 132 4 SOEP-IS 4.1 Panel Samples (E1, E2, I1-I6) The SOEP-IS 2023 panel sample survey began in May 2023 and ended in November 2023. 3,189 households were contacted during this period, of which 1,941 household took part. The interviews were conducted in the following modes: – Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) – Computer Assisted Self-administered Interview (CASI) – Computer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) Within the participating households, a total of 2,400 individual interviews were conducted. In addition, parents provided information on 276 children. Table 114 below presents the key parameters of the 2023 survey, which will be discussed in more detail in the following chapters. Tabelle 114 Summary Fieldwork (E1, E2, I1-I6) SOEP-IS 2023: Subsamples E1, E2, I1-I6 Mode Mixed-Mode design: CAPI, CAWI, CASI Implementation period November 2022 until March 2024 Fieldwork phase May (CW 17) 2023 – November 2023 (CW 48 2023) Target Population Households with follow-up concept of all household members (nationwide) Sample Panel sample: − all households from previous waves without panel refusal − minus revocations in the meantime Gross sample (household level) Total n = 3,189, of which: n = 2,126 repeater n = 1,063 temporary dropout n = 51 new households (split) Survey instruments – Household questionnaire (CAPI, CASI, CAWI) – Individual questionnaire (CAPI, CASI, CAWI) – Biography questionnaire (CAPI, CASI, CAWI) – Integrated child questionnaire (CAPI, CASI, CAWI) – Innovative Modules (CAPI, CASI, CAWI) Questionnaire durations – Household questionnaire: Ø 9.9 min. – Individual questionnaire: Ø 24.1 min. – Biography questionnaire: Ø 10.0 min. – Child questionnaire: Ø 2.3 min. – Innovative Modules Ø appox. 30-40 min. 14 14 Depending on the set of modules Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 133 Completed interviews Household Level: Households with interview: 1,941 (59.9 percent) Interviewed households with household questionnaire and at least one individual questionnaire: 1,144 (35.3 percent) Completed individuals born 2005 or earlier: 2,400 (41.6 percent) Incentive Incentivization of all respondents (up to cohort 2005: 10 euro) Tracking Proactive tracking techniques: − Panel maintenance between survey waves (New Year’s Card to household, birthday card to adults in households) − Advance letter to the individuals in the panel sample − Thank-you letter send to all participants with incentive − free hotline − Study-specific e-mail-address − Study website Address research via information − Of the interview households/household members − Of the interviewers − Address factory of the Deutsche Post − EWO research (registration office tracking) − Telephone number research − Online address portal Interviewer deployment 255 interviewers from the face-to-face field Interviewer training (digital or presence) CAPI: − 6 trainings for interviewers with experience in the SOEP survey − 7 trainings for interviewers without experience in the SOEP survey Source: infas Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 134 4.1.1 Gross Sample In contrast to SOEP-CORE and the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees, only adult household members (born up to 2005 in 2023) are surveyed in SOEP-IS. The gross sample for the 2023 survey is based on the results of the previous year's wave. In principle, all active participants (households and household members) from the previous wave as well as the temporary dropouts from this wave - i.e. those who suspended their participation in 2022 - are asked again in 2023 to participate in the study. Households or individuals who indicated in 2022 that they are no longer willing or able to support the study in the subsequent waves, on the other hand, will no longer participate in the study and do therefore not receive another invitation. Table 115 provides an overview of the subsamples of SOEP-IS 2023. These subsamples go back to 1998 with E1 and E2, at that time still part of SOEP-CORE. Tabelle 115 Overview of the Subsamples (E1-E2, I1-I6) Identifier Subsamples Year of initial survey Language E1 Supplementary 1998/PAPI 1998 German E2 Supplementary 1998/CAPI 1998 German I1 Innovation sample 2009 2009 German I2 Supplementary Innovation sample 2012 2012 German I3 Supplementary Innovation sample 2013 2013 German I4 Supplementary Innovation sample 2014 2014 German I5 Supplementary Innovation sample 2016 2016 German I6 Supplementary Innovation sample 2020 2020 German Source: infas As a result, 3,189 households formed the gross sample for the 2023 survey wave (see Table 116). Of these, 2,126 belonged to the repeatedly surveyed households and 1,063 households to the temporary dropouts group. The table also shows how many households belonged to each subsample. The fewest households were in the early samples E1 and E2 with n=91 and n=80. All other subsamples comprised between n=405 (I4) and n=652 (I6) households. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 141 Innovative Modules The SOEP-IS 2023 also included fourteen innovative modules. Those modules dealt with a variety of different topics, including work, climate change and life events. These innovative modules with diverse research interests and topics were integrated into the individual questionnaire at appropriate points. Tabelle 122 Assignment of the Innovative Modules to the Subsamples (E1, E1, I1I6 & I7) Module Survey modes svar SOEP-IS subsamples E1 E2 I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 I6 I7 Imod1 MollemanSocial information use across families15 CAPI, CASI 1,2 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Imod2 Müller - Effects of Life Events on Boundary Management CAPI, CASI, CAWI 2 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Imod3 Lejarraga - Loss Aversion CAPI, CASI,CAWI 1,2 √ √ √ √ √ √ Imod4 Spantig - Individual Preferences for Truth-Telling CAPI (self-administered), CASI, CAWI 1,2 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Imod5 Schmidtpetri – Knobe-Effect CAPI, CASI, CAWI 1 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Imod6 Schneider - Higher Order Risk Preferences CAPI, CASI, CAWI 1,2 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Imod7 Bobzien - Digital platforms and life satisfaction CAPI, CASI, CAWI 1 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Imod8 Wömmel - Digital Skills CAPI, CASI, CAWI 1,2 √ √ √ √ √ √ Imod9 Boneva - Perceived child penalties and labor supply decisions16 CAPI, CASI, CAWI 1,2 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Imod10 Tuppat - Gender role orientations CAPI, CASI, CAWI 1 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Imod 11 Graeber - Conservation Behavior and Climate Change CAWI 1,2 √ Imod12 Menzner - Climate Policy CAPI, CASI, CAWI 1,2 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Imod13 Yang - Chinese Investments CAPI (self-administered), CASI, CAWI 2 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Imod14 Auspurg - Earnings Vignettes Module CAPI (self-administered), CASI, CAWI 1,2 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Source: infas A different subset of these modules was defined for each of the SOEP-IS subsamples to keep the overall time required for the respondents within reasonable limits. Table 122 shows which subsamples received which innovative modules. All members of a household, including new household members, received the same subset of innovative modules. Table 122 also shows special features in the allocation to the subsamples for some modules. Module 11 (“Graeber”) only went to the refresher sample. The sub15 Only submitted if children between the ages of 6 and 13 live in the household, 16 Only submitted if at least one person between the ages 18 and 40 live in the household Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 142 samples E1 and E2 received the fewest modules since they did not get the Modules 3 (“Lejarraga”) and 10 (“Tuppat”). The subsamples I5 and I6 did not receive the Module 8 (“Wömmel”). The households of the refresher sample did not receive the Modules 3 (“Lejarraga”), 4 (“Spantig”), 6 (“Schneider”), 8 (“Wömmel”) and 12 (“Menzner”). In addition to the allocation at sample level, certain modules were also allocated via the additional variable “svar” at gross sample level. All those with “svar=1” did not receive Modules 2 (“Müller”) and 13 (“Yang”), while all those with “svar=2” were excluded from Modules 5 (“Schmidtpetri”), 7 (“Bobzien”) and 10 (“Tuppat”). All modules except Module 1 (Molleman) were administered in CAWI and all modules except Module 11 (“Graeber”) were administered in CAPI resp. CASI. However, in CAPI, Module 4 (“Spantig”), Module 13 (“Yang”) and Module 14 (“Auspurg”) ran as self-administered modules. These three modules were not suitable for interviewer-administered implementation due to their text-heavy nature. They were completed independently by the respondents on the interviewer's laptop. The following modules differed from the other innovative modules: Module 1 (“Molleman”) involved answering a series of estimation questions. A picture with many objects was shown for six seconds at a time (see Figure 8). Following the presentation of the picture, the respondent was asked to estimate how many objects could be seen in the picture. Abbildung 8 Example of an estimation question of the Module “Molleman” Source: Module “Molleman” All children in the household aged 6 to 13 (born between 2010 and 2017) and one of their parents were interviewed. Which of the parents answered the module was decided at random in advance in the household matrix. If the children in the relevant age group were present at the interview date and had given their consent to participate, the procedure was as follows: Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 143 The individual interview of the parent who was selected in the household matrix to answer began with this module. While the parent completed this module, which lasted around three minutes, independently, the children present were given a child-friendly pen as a gift to tide them over. If possible, the children to be interviewed should not be present when the parent is interviewed and later when their siblings are interviewed, i.e. they should be in another room, for example. When the parent had finished the module, the interview with the children began. This was done individually and in a random order. The children were asked to answer the module independently; if they could only read a little themselves, the interviewer provided support. The Module 11 (“Graeber”) contained a series of questions on climate change and was only administered to the refreshment sample (see Chapter 4.2.2.2). At the very beginning of the module, respondents were asked to give their best estimate of the annual probability of a major heatwave with global warming of 1.5 °C. If their estimate was within 10 percent of the scientists' prediction, they were asked to give their best estimate. If their estimate did not deviate by more than 10 percent from the scientists' prediction, they received an additional incentive of 5 euro with the thank-you letter. The respondents were assigned to a treatment and a control group. The former group was asked an additional question about their estimate: “The scientists' estimate is 21%. How does the scientists' estimate compare with your expectations?”. The rest of the module included questions on attitudes towards climate change and assessments of various climate and energy policy measures. At the end of the module, respondents were told whether they had previously made an accurate estimate and whether they had earned the additional incentive of 5 euro. The Module 14 (“Auspurg”) dealt with fair earnings (income) from gainful employment. It contained vignettes, i.e. short descriptions of situations that were evaluated. The vignettes and questions were allocated at random: each respondent received a selection of 3 vignettes from a large number of vignettes. Specifically, the interviewees in this module were each presented with 3 fictitious descriptions of people, which were varied experimentally in several characteristics. The personal descriptions varied regarding gender, occupation, region, working hours, employment status, work performance if applicable, marital status, number of children and earnings (gross or net). Taking these characteristics into account, the respondents were asked to answer questions for each of the three fictitious person descriptions, including how realistic and fair they considered their gross earnings to be. In order not to place too much of a burden on the participants, they were actively asked in advance of the vignette module whether they would like to take part in it. All respondents who decided to participate received an additional incentive of 5 euro in cash with their thank-you letter. For example, a vignette module at the end of the individual questionnaire was incentivized with additional 5 euro, provided it was completed. Another module Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 144 with estimation questions was asked at the beginning of the interview with all children in the household aged 6 to 13 and a randomly selected parent. There was also a module on climate change, which was only given to people in the refresher sample and was incentivized with additional 5 euro if an estimation question was answered correctly. 4.1.2.3 Contacting and Communication Various dispatch measures were implemented during the fieldwork to ensure the best possible completion of the household and individual interviews. The content of these measures is presented below and their impact in the field is evaluated and described in each case. Advance Letter The advance letters were sent by mail to all respondents known from the previous survey wave, i.e. all household members born up to 2005. In the advance letter, the respondents were informed about the change of institution, the upcoming contact by the interviewer, the app study, and data protection. The 10 euro incentive for a completed interview was also mentioned. The advance letter was initially sent at household level to households that were scheduled to start directly in CAWI mode. As can be seen in Table 123, a total of 487 household heads were contacted in this way. Of these, 78.4 percent took part. At the individual level, the advance letter was sent to n=4,857 persons. Most of them started in CAPI mode, but some of them also started directly in CAWI mode, provided that the respective household heads had completed their household interview. Around a quarter of the people (26.4 percent) completed their interview in CAPI, 14.7 percent in CAWI and 0.1 percent in CASI. This means that in n=2,853 cases no interview could be realized as a result of the advance letter. Thank-you Letter The thank-you letters were sent by mail from calendar week 25 2023 in a twoweek cycle to people born up to 2004 who had previously successfully taken part in the SOEP-IS, i.e. who had completed their individual interview either CAPI, CASI or CAWI. The thank-you letters were accompanied by the incentive, which could be 10 euro or 15 euro in cash, depending on whether the respondents completed the Module 14 “Auspurg” (see above). Non-contact Letter The non-contact letter was a measure that was used if the household could not be reached. Households received this letter by mail if they could not be reached after at least six contact attempts. In the "Not reached" letter, the persons were informed of the unsuccessful contact and asked to contact infas by telephone or email or to update their contact details using an online address tool (OAT). These letters were sent from week 26 2023 in a two-week cycle. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 145 As can be seen in Table 123, this letter was sent to a total of 72 households during the fieldwork phase. Of these, 34.8 percent completed their interview, 18.1 percent in CAWI and 15.3 percent in CAPI and 1.4 percent in CASI. 47 households (65.3 percent) that had previously received this letter did not complete the interview. Tabelle 123 Result of the Measures of SOEP-IS 2023 at Household Level (E1-E2, I1I6) CAPI CAWI CASI Not completed Total Advance letter Panel CAWI (Post) abs. - 382 - 105 487 in % - 78.4 - 21.6 100.0 Non-contact letter (Post) abs. 11 13 1 47 72 in % 15.3 18.1 1.4 65.3 100.0 CAWI-switch Letter abs. - 47 - 25 72 in % - 65.3 - 34.7 100.0 Conversion letter (Post) abs. 1 28 - 236 265 in % 0.4 10.6 - 89.1 100.0 Source: infas, own calculation CAWI-switch Letter The CAWI-switch letters were sent out on a weekly basis from calendar week 24 2023. All respondents who had requested further processing in CAWI during their CAPI interview received the access data for the websurvey with the switch letter. They could decide in advance whether they wanted to receive this letter by e-mail or by mail. Both variants contained the same text; in the e-mail, direct participation was possible by clicking on the survey link. The survey link was also printed in the letter, and the websurvey could also be accessed directly via QR code. Table 124 shows that n=22 mail and n=324 e-mail switch letters were sent during the fieldwork phase. Around a third (31.8 percent) of the switch letters by mail and more than two thirds of the switch letters by e-mail (67.9 percent) resulted in the completion of the interview. The head of the household could also initiate a switch to CAWI for the entire household. The CAWI-switch letter was then sent to the head of household and applied to the entire household. At the household level, the CAWI-switch letter was sent to a total of 72 households (see Table 124). Around two thirds (65.3 percent) of those resulted in the completion of the household interview. Conversion Letter From calendar week 28 2023, conversion letters were sent by mail every two weeks at the household and the individual level. These letters were sent those in the CAPI field who had softly refused and those who could not be reached at least 10 successful contacts. The conversion letter contained the access data for the websurvey in each case. The conversion letters were either sent to the head of household at the household level or to individual persons from households whose Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 146 household composition the respective head of household had at least indicated in the household matrix. As can be seen in Table 123, this letter was sent to a total of 265 households during the fieldwork phase. Of these, 11 percent completed their interview, 10.6 percent in CAWI and 0.4 percent in CAPI. 236 households (89.1 percent) that had previously received this letter did not complete the interview. Table 124 shows that out of n=153 conversion letters sent on the individual level, n=15 (9.8 percent) led to the completion of the interview. It should be noted here that the target group for this measure was people who were very difficult to reach or very difficult to motivate. First Reminder Letter Like the switch letters, the first reminder letters were also sent by mail or e-mail, depending on how the original CAWI switch letter had been sent. The reminders were sent to respondents who had requested further processing in CAWI but had either not yet started the websurvey or had interrupted it. This reminder letter was sent every two weeks from calendar week 28 2023, one person received their reminder letter at the earliest four weeks after the initial switch letter was sent. The first reminder letter was sent (Table 124) to n=16 people by mail and to n=262 people by e-mail. As a result of the reminder by mail, a total of 30.4 percent of people took part, while 45.8 percent took part after receiving the e-mail reminder. Second Reminder Letter The second reminder letter was sent in calendar week 31 2023. This reminder was sent by mail to all respondents who had switched to CAWI and who had not yet fully participated and had not yet refused to participate. The second reminder letter was sent by e-mail to n=172 people, n=65 (37.8 percent) of whom took part in the survey (see Table 124). Third Reminder Letter The third reminder was sent in week 43 and week 45 2023, i.e. towards the end of the field period. This reminder again was sent to all respondents who had switched to CAWI and who had not yet fully participated and had not yet refused to participate. To achieve a higher willingness of participation, this reminder was sent by mail with an enclosed cash incentive of 5 euro. In addition, an accompanying letter was sent by e-mail a few days after the mailing. This referred to the reminder by mail and once again requested participation. The reminder was sent by mail to n=460 persons (see Table 124). Of these, 34.3 percent took part. In 65.2 percent of cases, it was not possible to conduct an interview. The reminder via e-mail was sent to 309 persons and of these n=111 (35.9 percent) did participate. This third reminder proved to be very successful, as most of the participants had already been reminded several times. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 147 Tabelle 124 Result of the Measures of SOEP-IS 2023 at Individual Level (E1-E2, I1I6) CAPI CAWI CASI Not completed Total Advance letter Panel (Post) abs. 1,283 715 6 2,853 4,857 in % 26.4 14.7 0.1 58.7 100.0 CAWI-Switch letter (Post) abs. - 7 - 15 22 in % - 31.8 - 68.2 100.0 CAWI-Switch letter (email) abs. 13 207 - 104 324 in % 4.0 63.9 - 32.1 100.0 Conversion letter abs. - 15 - 138 153 in % - 9.8 - 90.2 100.0 First reminder (Post) abs. - 7 - 16 23 in % - 30.4 - 69.6 100.0 First reminder (e-mail) abs. - 120 - 142 262 in % - 45.8 - 54.2 100.0 Second reminder (Post) abs. - 65 - 107 172 in % - 37.8 - 62.2 100.0 Third reminder with 5 euro preincentive (Post) abs. 2 158 - 300 460 in % 0.4 34.3 - 65.2 100.0 Third reminder (e-mail) abs. - 111 - 198 309 in % - 35.9 - 64.1 100.0 Source: infas, own calculations Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 148 4.1.2.4 Interviewer Deployment Training for CAPI Interviewers The training for the CAPI interviewers for SOEP-IS took place in parallel with the training for SOEP-CORE and the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees. This decision was made based on the great similarities between the three SOEP studies. At the same time, it was decisive that all interviewers deployed in SOEP-CORE were also deployed in SOEP-IS at the same time - if there were addresses in their area - and thus had to be trained in both studies. For a more detailed description of the CAPI training, please refer to Chapter 2.1.2.5. The interviewers were trained on all aspects of SOEP-IS, the training covered the following content: – study design: background and target group – all questionnaires of the study – overview of the survey modes – a glance at the survey instruments Around one hour was set aside for SOEP-IS-specific content in the second part of the training. In particular, the differences to SOEP-CORE and the special features of SOEP-IS were discussed. Face-to-face Interviewers As Table 125 shows, a total of n=255 interviewers were deployed in the CAPI field of SOEP-IS. Overall, the gender ratio is almost balanced, although more men work in the CAPI field (59.8 percent) and more women in the CATI field (56.9 percent). At 37.6 percent, the proportion of interviewers under the age of 50 is almost four times higher among CATI interviewers than among CAPI interviewers (9.7 percent). On the other hand, the proportion of over-65s among CAPI interviewers is twice as high as among CATI interviewers at 54.0 percent. In terms of experience with infas, the two groups of interviewers differ only slightly, with the majority having two years or less experience (42.8 percent) and around a third (34.0 percent) having six or more years of experience working for infas. Looking at the overall school education of the interviewers, over half (51.7 percent) have a higher education entrance qualification. Furthermore, 24.7 percent of the interviewers have an intermediate secondary school qualification and 14.4 percent have an advanced technical college certificate. Meanwhile, the CAPI and CATI interviewers differed only slightly in their educational background. Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 149 Tabelle 125 Characteristics of the Interviewer Staff (E1-E2, I1-I6) Characteristics Total abs. in % Number of Interviewers 255 100.0 Gender Male 156 61.18 Female 98 38.43 Other, not listed gender 1 0.39 Age Up to 29 years 2 0.78 30-49 years 16 6.27 50-65 years 89 34.90 Over 65 years 148 58.04 Experience with infas 2 years or less 77 30.20 3 - 5 years 80 31.37 6 – 10 years 46 18.04 10 years and longer 52 20.39 Highest school qualification Lower secondary school qualification/ primary school certificate/ polytechnic secondary school qualification 18 7.06 Intermediate secondary school qualification/ vocational extension certificate 63 24.71 Advanced technical college certificate 44 17.25 Abitur/ higher education entrance qualification 128 50.20 Other school qualification 1 0.39 No school qualification (yet) 1 0.39 Not specified 18 7.06 Source: infas, own calculations Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Page 150 4.1.3 Results 4.1.3.1 Participation at Household Level This chapter deals with participation at household level, differentiated according to SOEP-AAPOR codes. Due to the dynamic panel concept, the size of the gross sample, with its original size of n=3,189 (see Chapter 4.1.1), increased from during the fieldwork. At the end of the fieldwork for the 2023 survey wave, 51 new households had been added. These households were due to people who moved out of panel households, which form so-called split households in the SOEP and were also surveyed as part of the panel. Accordingly, the gross sample at the end of the fieldwork phase comprised a total of n=3,240 households. Of these, n=1,941 households were completed, which corresponds to 59.9 percent of the gross sample (see Table 126). Based only on the participants of the previous wave, the response rate was higher at 74.6 percent and considerably lower for temporary dropouts (33.3 percent). Of the n=51 new households that had formed as split households, there were only 2 partial participations [2,353 according to AAPOR]. More than half (58.5 percent) of all completed households [1.0 according to AAPOR] were fully completed [1.11 according to AAPOR], 34.1 percent were partially completed [1.21 according to AAPOR]. The remaining 6.9 percent were partial due to a missing household questionnaire or missing data [2.353 and 2.354 according to AAPOR]. The n=1,299 not completed households [2.0 according to AAPOR] are mostly soft refusers [2,351 according to AAPOR] with 37.5 percent, permanent refusal [2,111 according to AAPOR] with 26.2 percent and non-contact [2.20 according to AAPOR] with 12.6 percent. At around 73 percent, the proportion of soft refusals is as high in the group of temporary dropouts as in the group of participating households from the last wave. Meanwhile, the proportion of permanent refusals in the group of temporary dropouts is slightly higher (28.1 percent) than in the group of participating households from the last wave (22.4 percent). Attachment Page 77 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Seite 2 Wo erhalten Sie weitere Informationen? Für Fragen zur Teilnahme an der Studie stehen wir Ihnen zu den üblichen Bürozeiten unter der kostenfreien Telefonnummer 0800/66 77 876 gerne zur Verfügung. Nutzen Sie auch gern unsere E-Mailadresse [email protected]. Weitere Informationen zu „Leben in Deutschland“ haben wir auf unserer Homepage für Sie zusammengestellt. Diese finden Sie unter www.leben-in-deutschland.de. Machen Sie mit und sagen Sie uns, was Sie denken! Wir freuen uns auf Ihre Teilnahme und bedanken uns herzlich für Ihre Unterstützung. Mit freundlichen Grüßen Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn Doris Hess Vize-Direktorin des Bereichsleiterin Sozialforschung Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) infas Institut für angewandte am DIW Berlin Sozialwissenschaft Bonn Attachment Page 78 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 infas, Postfach 240101, 53154 Bonn *7708/LFD* Anrede Name Anschrift PLZ Ort Bonn, Monat 2023 Sehr geehrte Frau …/Sehr geehrter Herr …, wir laden Sie ganz herzlich dazu ein, an der einzigartigen wissenschaftlichen Studie „Leben in Deutschland“ teilzunehmen. Diese bundesweite Befragung wird bereits seit 1984 durchgeführt, um gesellschaftlich relevante Fragen zu beantworten: Wie hat sich das Leben der Menschen in Deutschland in den letzten Jahren verändert? Wie bewerten die Bürgerinnen und Bürger ihre wirtschaftliche und soziale Lage? Und wie zufrieden sind sie mit ihrem Leben? Werden Sie Teil der größten Langzeitstudie zu den gesellschaftlichen Entwicklungen in Deutschland. „Leben in Deutschland“ richtet sich immer an den ganzen Haushalt. Ein Mitglied Ihres Haushalts hat unseren Fragebogen in diesem Jahr bereits beantwortet und Sie als weiteres Haushaltsmitglied genannt. Ihre persönliche Teilnahme ist für uns sehr wichtig, denn nur, wenn möglichst alle Personen eines Haushalts mitmachen, entsteht ein vollständiges Bild vom Zusammenleben der Menschen in Deutschland. Als kleines Dankeschön erhalten Sie von uns nach der Teilnahme an der Befragung 10 Euro in bar per Post. Teilnehmen können Sie ganz einfach online. Verwenden Sie dazu bitte den folgenden Link oder scannen Sie den QR-Code auf der rechten Seite: <urlcawi> Geben Sie dort zum Start der Befragung bitte das folgende Passwort ein: <pwdblock> Wir freuen uns, wenn Sie den Onlinefragebogen innerhalb der nächsten zwei Wochen ausfüllen. Warum gerade Sie? Eine Person aus Ihrem Haushalt wurden zufällig aus dem Melderegister Ihrer Gemeinde für die Teilnahme ausgewählt (§46 BMG) und hat Sie im Rahmen der Studie als weiteres Haushaltsmitglied genannt. Ihre persönliche Teilnahme ist für uns sehr wichtig –Ihre Meinung kann nicht durch eine andere ersetzt werden! Dennoch ist die Teilnahme an der Befragung natürlich freiwillig. Alle Regeln des Datenschutzes infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de 7708/A_01c/2023 QR-Code <qrcawi> 4 Advance Letter Refreshment Sample (Other Household Member) Attachment Page 79 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Seite 2 werden eingehalten. Weitere Informationen dazu entnehmen Sie bitte der beiliegenden Datenschutzerklärung. Wer führt die Studie durch? Der Auftraggeber von „Leben in Deutschland“ ist das Sozio-oekonomische Panel (SOEP) am Deutschen Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW Berlin). Durchgeführt wird die Studie vom infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft. Wo erhalten Sie weitere Informationen? Für Fragen zur Teilnahme an der Studie stehen wir Ihnen zu den üblichen Bürozeiten unter der kostenfreien Telefonnummer 0800/66 77 876 gerne zur Verfügung. Nutzen Sie auch gern unsere E-Mailadresse [email protected]. Weitere Informationen zu „Leben in Deutschland“ haben wir auf unserer Homepage für Sie zusammengestellt. Diese finden Sie unter www.leben-in-deutschland.de. Machen Sie mit und sagen Sie uns, was Sie denken! Wir freuen uns auf Ihre Teilnahme und bedanken uns herzlich für Ihre Unterstützung. Mit freundlichen Grüßen Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn Doris Hess Vize-Direktorin des Bereichsleiterin Sozialforschung Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) infas Institut für angewandte am DIW Berlin Sozialwissenschaft Bonn Attachment Page 80 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 infas, Postfach 240101, 53154 Bonn *7708/LFD* Anrede Name Anschrift PLZ Ort Bonn, Monat 2023 Sehr geehrte Frau …/Sehr geehrter Herr …, wir laden Sie ganz herzlich dazu ein, an der einzigartigen wissenschaftlichen Studie „Leben in Deutschland“ teilzunehmen. Diese bundesweite Befragung wird bereits seit 1984 durchgeführt, um gesellschaftlich relevante Fragen zu beantworten: Wie hat sich das Leben der Menschen in Deutschland in den letzten Jahren verändert? Wie bewerten die Bürgerinnen und Bürger ihre wirtschaftliche und soziale Lage? Und wie zufrieden sind sie mit ihrem Leben? Werden Sie Teil der größten Langzeitstudie zu den gesellschaftlichen Entwicklungen in Deutschland. „Leben in Deutschland“ richtet sich immer an den ganzen Haushalt. Ein Mitglied Ihres Haushalts hat unseren Fragebogen in diesem Jahr bereits beantwortet und Sie als weiteres Haushaltsmitglied genannt. Ihre persönliche Teilnahme ist für uns sehr wichtig, denn nur, wenn möglichst alle Personen eines Haushalts mitmachen, entsteht ein vollständiges Bild vom Zusammenleben der Menschen in Deutschland. Als kleines Dankeschön erhalten Sie bereits jetzt 5 Euro, die wir diesem Schreiben beigelegt haben. Im Anschluss an Ihre Teilnahme erhalten Sie ein weiteres Dankeschön in Höhe von 10 Euro. Teilnehmen können Sie ganz einfach online. Verwenden Sie dazu bitte den folgenden Link oder scannen Sie den QR-Code auf der rechten Seite: <urlcawi> Geben Sie dort zum Start der Befragung bitte das folgende Passwort ein: <pwdblock> Wir freuen uns, wenn Sie den Onlinefragebogen bis zum 26.11.2023 ausfüllen. Warum gerade Sie? Eine Person aus Ihrem Haushalt wurden zufällig aus dem Melderegister Ihrer Gemeinde für die Teilnahme ausgewählt (§46 BMG) und hat Sie im Rahmen der Studie als weiteres Haushaltsmitglied genannt. Ihre persönliche Teilnahme ist für uns sehr wichtig – Ihre Meinung kann nicht durch eine andere ersetzt werden! Dennoch ist die Teilnahme an der Befragung natürlich freiwillig. Alle Regeln des Datenschutzes infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de 7708/A_01e/2023 QR-Code <qrcawi> 5 Advance Letter Refreshment Sample Prepaid (Other Household Member) Attachment Page 81 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Seite 2 werden eingehalten. Weitere Informationen dazu entnehmen Sie bitte der beiliegenden Datenschutzerklärung. Wer führt die Studie durch? Der Auftraggeber von „Leben in Deutschland“ ist das Sozio-oekonomische Panel (SOEP) am Deutschen Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW Berlin). Durchgeführt wird die Studie vom infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft. Wo erhalten Sie weitere Informationen? Für Fragen zur Teilnahme an der Studie stehen wir Ihnen zu den üblichen Bürozeiten unter der kostenfreien Telefonnummer 0800/66 77 876 gerne zur Verfügung. Nutzen Sie auch gern unsere E-Mailadresse [email protected]. Weitere Informationen zu „Leben in Deutschland“ haben wir auf unserer Homepage für Sie zusammengestellt. Diese finden Sie unter www.leben-in-deutschland.de. Machen Sie mit und sagen Sie uns, was Sie denken! Wir freuen uns auf Ihre Teilnahme und bedanken uns herzlich für Ihre Unterstützung. Mit freundlichen Grüßen Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn Doris Hess Vize-Direktorin des Bereichsleiterin Sozialforschung Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) infas Institut für angewandte am DIW Berlin Sozialwissenschaft Bonn Attachment Page 82 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 infas, Postfach 240101, 53154 Bonn *7708/LFD* Anrede Name Anschrift PLZ Ort Bonn, Monat 2023 Sehr geehrte Frau …/Sehr geehrter Herr …, wir haben uns sehr über Ihre Teilnahme an unserer Studie „Leben in Deutschland“ gefreut. Herzlichen Dank, dass Sie sich die Zeit dafür genommen haben. Anbei übermitteln wir Ihnen als Dankeschön für Ihre Unterstützung 10 Euro. Ihre Kontaktdaten haben sich geändert? Damit wir Sie beim nächsten Mal wieder erreichen können, möchten wir Sie bitten, uns über Änderungen Ihrer Kontaktdaten zu informieren. Dazu können Sie folgende Möglichkeiten nutzen: –unser Portal unter <URL> mit Ihrem persönlichen Zugangscode <PASSWRDBLOCK> –den QR-Code auf der rechten Seite –unsere E-Mail-Adresse [email protected] –unsere kostenfreie Telefonnummer 0800/66 77 876 Falls Sie Rückfragen haben, können Sie sich unter den im Briefkopf angegebenen Kontaktdaten gerne jederzeit an uns wenden. <IF EEMETH =1>Wie fanden Sie das Interview? Noch eine kleine Bitte: Auf dem beiliegenden Antwortblatt finden Sie einige wenige Fragen zu dem geführten Interview. Wir möchten Sie bitten, dieses auszufüllen und innerhalb der nächsten Tage im beiliegenden portofreien Rückumschlag zurückzuschicken. <IF-ENDE> Mit freundlichen Grüßen und Ihnen weiterhin alles Gute! Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn Doris Hess Vize-Direktorin des Bereichsleiterin Sozialforschung Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) infas Institut für angewandte am DIW Berlin Sozialwissenschaft Bonn infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de 7708/D/2023 QR-Code <HYPLINK> 6 Thank-you Letter with 10 Euro Incentive Attachment Page 83 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 infas, Postfach 240101, 53154 Bonn *7708/LFD* Anrede Name Anschrift PLZ Ort Bonn, Monat 2023 Sehr geehrte Frau …/Sehr geehrter Herr …, wir haben uns sehr über Ihre Teilnahme an unserer Studie „Leben in Deutschland“ gefreut. Herzlichen Dank, dass Sie sich die Zeit dafür genommen haben. Anbei übermitteln wir Ihnen als Dankeschön für Ihre Unterstützung 15 Euro. Enthalten sind dabei bereits die 5 Euro, die Sie im Rahmen der Befragung zusätzlich erhalten haben. Ihre Kontaktdaten haben sich geändert? Damit wir Sie beim nächsten Mal wieder erreichen können, möchten wir Sie bitten, uns über Änderungen Ihrer Kontaktdaten zu informieren. Dazu können Sie folgende Möglichkeiten nutzen: –unser Portal unter <URL> mit Ihrem persönlichen Zugangscode <PASSWRDBLOCK> –den QR-Code auf der rechten Seite –unsere E-Mail-Adresse [email protected] –unsere kostenfreie Telefonnummer 0800/66 77 876 Falls Sie Rückfragen haben, können Sie sich unter den im Briefkopf angegebenen Kontaktdaten gerne jederzeit an uns wenden. <IF EEMETH =1>Wie fanden Sie das Interview? Noch eine kleine Bitte: Auf dem beiliegenden Antwortblatt finden Sie einige wenige Fragen zu dem geführten Interview. Wir möchten Sie bitten, dieses auszufüllen und innerhalb der nächsten Tage im beiliegenden portofreien Rückumschlag zurückzuschicken. <IF-ENDE> Mit freundlichen Grüßen und Ihnen weiterhin alles Gute! Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn Doris Hess Vize-Direktorin des Bereichsleiterin Sozialforschung Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) infas Institut für angewandte am DIW Berlin Sozialwissenschaft Bonn infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de 7708/D/2023 QR-Code <HYPLINK> 7 Thank-you Letter with 15 Euro Incentive Attachment Page 84 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 infas, Postfach 240101, 53154 Bonn *7708/LFD* Anrede Name Anschrift PLZ Ort Bonn, Monat 2023 Sehr geehrte Frau …/Sehr geehrter Herr …, wir haben uns sehr über Ihre Teilnahme an unserer Studie „Leben in Deutschland“ gefreut. Herzlichen Dank, dass Sie sich die Zeit dafür genommen haben. Anbei übermitteln wir Ihnen als Dankeschön für Ihre Unterstützung 20 Euro. Enthalten sind dabei bereits zweimal 5 Euro, die Sie zusätzlich im Rahmen der Befragung gewonnen bzw. erhalten haben. Ihre Kontaktdaten haben sich geändert? Damit wir Sie beim nächsten Mal wieder erreichen können, möchten wir Sie bitten, uns über Änderungen Ihrer Kontaktdaten zu informieren. Dazu können Sie folgende Möglichkeiten nutzen: –unser Portal unter <URL> mit Ihrem persönlichen Zugangscode <PASSWRDBLOCK> –den QR-Code auf der rechten Seite –unsere E-Mail-Adresse [email protected] –unsere kostenfreie Telefonnummer 0800/66 77 876 Falls Sie Rückfragen haben, können Sie sich unter den im Briefkopf angegebenen Kontaktdaten gerne jederzeit an uns wenden. <IF EEMETH =1>Wie fanden Sie das Interview? Noch eine kleine Bitte: Auf dem beiliegenden Antwortblatt finden Sie einige wenige Fragen zu dem geführten Interview. Wir möchten Sie bitten, dieses auszufüllen und innerhalb der nächsten Tage im beiliegenden portofreien Rückumschlag zurückzuschicken. <IF-ENDE> Mit freundlichen Grüßen und Ihnen weiterhin alles Gute! Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn Doris Hess Vize-Direktorin des Bereichsleiterin Sozialforschung Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) infas Institut für angewandte am DIW Berlin Sozialwissenschaft Bonn infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de 7708/D/2023 QR-Code <HYPLINK> 8 Thank-you Letter with 20 Euro Incentive Attachment Page 85 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 infas, Postfach 240101, 53154 Bonn *7708/LFD* Anrede Name Anschrift PLZ Ort Bonn, Monat 2023 Sehr geehrte Frau …/Sehr geehrter Herr …, wie von Ihnen gewünscht, senden wir Ihnen Ihre persönlichen Zugangsdaten zur Online-Befragung der Studie „Leben in Deutschland“. Herzlichen Dank für Ihre Unterstützung. Wir bitten Sie, die Fragen möglichst in den nächsten Tagen zu beantworten. Selbstverständlich ist Ihre Teilnahme freiwillig und alle gesetzlichen Bestimmungen des Datenschutzes werden eingehalten. Nachdem Sie den Fragebogen ausgefüllt haben, erhalten Sie das angekündigte Dankeschön in Höhe von 10 Euro. Sie erreichen die Befragung über folgenden Link: <urlcawi> Geben Sie dort zum Start der Befragung bitte das folgende Passwort ein: <pwdblock> Alternativ können Sie die Online-Befragung auch über den QR-Code auf der rechten Seite starten. Falls Sie technische Probleme mit dem Fragebogen oder andere Rückfragen haben sollten, können Sie sich gerne an uns wenden. Nutzen Sie dazu bitte die im Briefkopf angegebenen Kontaktdaten. Ganz herzlichen Dank für Ihre Teilnahme! Mit freundlichem Gruß Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn Doris Hess Vize-Direktorin des Bereichsleiterin Sozialforschung Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) infas Institut für angewandte am DIW Berlin Sozialwissenschaft Bonn infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de 7708/S_02a/2023 QR-Code <qrcawi> 3.2 Fieldwork Measures 1 Letter after Mode-Switch CAWI Attachment Page 86 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 24 01 01 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de Haben sich Ihre Kontaktdaten geändert? Hier gelangen Sie zum infasOnline-Portal www.leben-in-deutschland.de Leben in Deutschland {{params.Anrede}} {{params.Name}}, wie von Ihnen gewünscht, senden wir Ihnen Ihre persönlichen Zugangsdaten zur Online-Befragung der Studie „Leben in Deutschland“. Herzlichen Dank für Ihre Unterstützung. Wir bitten Sie herzlich, die Fragen möglichst in den nächsten Tagen zu beantworten. Selbstverständlich ist Ihre Teilnahme freiwillig und alle gesetzlichen Bestimmungen des Datenschutzes werden eingehalten. Nachdem Sie den Fragebogen ausgefüllt haben, erhalten Sie das angekündigte Dankeschön in Höhe von 10 Euro. Um die Befragung direkt zu starten, klicken Sie bitte hier: Zur Online Befragung Falls Sie technische Probleme mit dem Fragebogen oder andere Rückfragen haben sollten, können Sie sich gerne an uns wenden. Nutzen Sie dazu bitte die angegebenen Kontaktdaten. Ganz herzlichen Dank für Ihre Teilnahme! Mit freundlichem Gruß Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn Vize-Direktorin des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) am DIW Berlin Doris Hess Bereichsleiterin Sozialforschung, infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH, Bonn 7708/S_02b/2023/{{params.lfd}}/{{params.projid}} Leben in Deutschland Tel. 0800/66 77 876 E-Mail: [email protected] Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn www.infas.de infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Geschäftsführer: Menno Smid, Axel Glemser Registergericht und Sitz der Gesellschaft: Bonn Handelsregisternummer: HRB 7010 Ust-Id.Nr. DE174688157 infas ist zertifiziert nach ISO 20252 für die Markt-, Meinungsund Sozialforschung, Mitglied im Arbeitskreis Deutscher Marktund Sozialforschungsinstitute e.V. (ADM) und ESOMAR und unterstützt die Initiative Marktund Sozialforschung. 2 E-Mail after Mode-Switch CAWI Attachment Page 93 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 infas, Postfach 240101, 53154 Bonn *7708/LFD* Anrede Name Anschrift PLZ Ort Bonn, Monat 2023 Sehr geehrte Frau …/Sehr geehrter Herr …, vor einiger Zeit haben wir Sie eingeladen, an unserer Studie „Leben in Deutschland“ teilzunehmen. Sollten Sie zwischenzeitig bereits teilgenommen haben, möchten wir uns im Namen des gesamten Projektteams ganz herzlich bedanken. Falls Sie bisher noch nicht teilgenommen haben, möchten wir Sie heute nochmals dazu einladen. Nutzen Sie Ihre Chance dieses wichtige wissenschaftliche Projekt mit Ihrer Teilnahme zu unterstützen. Füllen Sie hierfür einfach den Online-Fragebogen bis zum 05.11.2023 über folgenden Link aus: <urlcawi> Geben Sie dort zum Start der Befragung bitte das folgende Passwort ein: <pwdblock> Alternativ können Sie die Online-Befragung auch über den QR-Code auf der rechten Seite starten. Ihre Teilnahme ist uns wichtig. Nur mit Ihren Antworten können wir aktuelle Problemlagen aufzeigen und langfristig Informationen für politische Entscheidungen bereitstellen, um das Leben in Deutschland für alle zu verbessern. Als kleines Dankeschön erhalten Sie bereits jetzt 5 Euro, die wir diesem Schreiben beigelegt haben. Im Anschluss an Ihre Teilnahme erhalten Sie ein weiteres Dankeschön in Höhe von 10 Euro. Selbstverständlich ist Ihre Teilnahme freiwillig und alle gesetzlichen Bestimmungen des Datenschutzes werden eingehalten. Machen Sie mit und sagen Sie uns was Sie denken! Für Rückfragen stehen wir Ihnen unter den im Briefkopf angegebenen Kontaktdaten gerne zur Verfügung. Ganz herzlichen Dank für Ihre Teilnahme! Mit freundlichem Gruß Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn Doris Hess Vize-Direktorin des Bereichsleiterin Sozialforschung Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) infas Institut für angewandte am DIW Berlin Sozialwissenschaft Bonn infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de 7708/Prepaid_07a/2023 QR-Code <qrcawi> 9 Follow-up Letter Prepaid Attachment Page 94 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Leben in Deutschland {{params.Anrede}} {{params.Nachname}}, infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 24 01 01 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de Den Online-Fragebogen erreichen Sie noch bis zum 05.11.2023. Ihre Antworten helfen dabei, aktuelle Problemlagen aufzuzeigen und werden langfristig für politische Entscheidungen genutzt, um das Leben in Deutschland für alle zu verbessern. Im Anschluss an Ihre Teilnahme erhalten Sie ein Dankeschön in Höhe von 10 Euro. Selbstverständlich ist Ihre Teilnahme freiwillig und alle gesetzlichen Bestimmungen des Datenschutzes werden eingehalten. Machen Sie mit und sagen Sie uns was Sie denken! Für Rückfragen stehen wir Ihnen unter den angegebenen Kontaktdaten gerne zur Verfügung. Ganz herzlichen Dank für Ihre Teilnahme! Mit freundlichem Gruß Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn Vize-Direktorin des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) am DIW Berlin Doris Hess Bereichsleiterin Sozialforschung, infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH, Bonn Weitere Informationen Haben sich Ihre Kontaktdaten geändert? Hier gelangen Sie zum infasOnline-Portal www.leben-in-deutschland.de 7708/Prepaid_07b/2023 {{params.lfd}} (P-{{params.projid}}) Leben in Deutschland Tel. 0800/66 77 876 E-Mail: [email protected] Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn www.infas.de infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Geschäftsführer: Menno Smid, Axel Glemser Registergericht und Sitz der Gesellschaft: Bonn Handelsregisternummer: HRB 7010 Ust-Id.Nr. DE174688157 Sie haben in den letzten Tagen bereits einen Brief zur Teilnahme an unserer Studie „Leben in Deutschland“ erhalten. Um die Befragung direkt zu starten, klicken Sie bitte hier: Zur Online Befragung Sollten Sie zwischenzeitig den Fragebogen bereits beantwortet haben, möchten wir uns im Namen des gesamten Projektteams ganz herzlich bedanken. infas ist zertifiziert nach ISO 20252 für die Markt-, Meinungsund Sozialforschung, Mitglied im Arbeitskreis Deutscher Marktund Sozialforschungsinstitute e.V. (ADM) und ESOMAR und unterstützt die Initiative Marktund Sozialforschung. 10 Follow-up E-Mail Prepaid Attachment Page 95 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 infas, Postfach 240101, 53154 Bonn *7708/LFD* Anrede Name Anschrift PLZ Ort Bonn, Monat 2023 Sehr geehrte Frau …/Sehr geehrter Herr …, vor einiger Zeit haben wir Sie eingeladen, an unserer Studie „Leben in Deutschland“ teilzunehmen. Da Sie bislang noch nicht teilgenommen haben, möchten wir Ihnen die Möglichkeit geben den Fragebogen online selbst zu beantworten. Wir bitten Sie herzlich, die Fragen möglichst in den nächsten Tagen zu beantworten. Selbstverständlich ist Ihre Teilnahme freiwillig und es werden alle Bestimmungen des Datenschutzes eingehalten. Sie erreichen die Befragung online über folgenden Link: <urlcawi> Geben Sie dort zum Start der Befragung bitte das folgende Passwort ein: <pwdblock> Alternativ können Sie die Online-Befragung auch über den QR-Code auf der rechten Seite starten. Nachdem Sie den Fragebogen ausgefüllt haben, erhalten Sie das angekündigte Dankeschön in Höhe von 10 Euro. Für Rückfragen stehen wir Ihnen unter den im Briefkopf angegebenen Kontaktdaten gerne zur Verfügung. Über Ihre Unterstützung würden wir uns freuen! Mit freundlichem Gruß Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn Doris Hess Vize-Direktorin des Bereichsleiterin Sozialforschung Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) infas Institut für angewandte am DIW Berlin Sozialwissenschaft Bonn infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de 7708/K_05a/2023 QR-Code <qrcawi> 11 Refusal Conversion Letter Attachment Page 96 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 infas, Postfach 240101, 53154 Bonn *7708/LFD* Anrede Name Anschrift PLZ Ort Bonn, Monat 2023 Sehr geehrte Frau …/Sehr geehrter Herr …, vor Kurzem haben wir Sie eingeladen, an unserer Studie „Leben in Deutschland“ teilzunehmen. „Leben in Deutschland“ ist die größte Langzeitstudie zur gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung in Deutschland. Leider konnten wir Sie bisher nicht erreichen. Möglicherweise liegen uns Ihre aktuellen Kontaktdaten nicht vor. Wir wären Ihnen deshalb sehr dankbar, wenn Sie uns diese so bald wie möglich mitteilen könnten. Dafür können Sie einfach unser Online-Adress-Portal unter folgendem Link nutzen: <URL> Geben Sie dort Ihren persönlichen Zugangscode ein: <PASSWRDBLOCK> Alternativ können Sie dafür auch den QR-Code auf der rechten Seite nutzen. Sie können uns aber auch gerne unter der Telefonnummer 0800/66 77 876 anrufen oder eine E-Mail an L[email protected] schreiben. Als Dankeschön erhalten Sie nach der Teilnahme am Interview 10 Euro. Selbstverständlich ist Ihre Teilnahme freiwillig und es werden alle Bestimmungen des Datenschutzes eingehalten. Weitere Informationen zur Studie finden Sie unter www.leben-in-deutschland.de. Für Rückfragen stehen wir Ihnen unter den angegebenen Kontaktdaten gerne zur Verfügung. Herzlichen Dank für Ihre Unterstützung! Mit freundlichem Gruß Prof. Dr. Sabine Zinn Doris Hess Vize-Direktorin des Bereichsleiterin Sozialforschung Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) infas Institut für angewandte am DIW Berlin Sozialwissenschaft Bonn infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de 7708/N_04a/2023 QR-Code <HYPLINK> 12 Letter for Non-Contact Households Attachment Page 97 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Erklärung zum Datenschutz Nachfolgend erhalten Sie von uns die gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen Informationen zum Datenschutz für die Studie „Leben in Deutschland“. Die vorliegende Erklärung beschreibt, wie wir personenbezogene Daten, die Sie uns im Rahmen Ihrer Teilnahme an der vorliegenden Studie bereitstellen, verarbeiten. Mit Ihrer Teilnahme an der Studie erklären Sie sich mit der hier beschriebenen Erklärung einverstanden. Wir bitten Sie diese Erklärung sorgfältig zu lesen. Verantwortlich für die Verarbeitung Ihrer Daten sind: infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Kurt-Schumacher-Straße 24 53113 Bonn DIW Berlin Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Sozio-oekonomisches Panel (SOEP) Mohrenstraße 58 10117 Berlin Bei der Untersuchung „Leben in Deutschland“ arbeitet das Sozio-oekonomische Panel (SOEP) des Deutschen Instituts für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW Berlin) mit der infas GmbH zusammen. infas führt die Befragungen des SOEP im Auftrag des DIW Berlin durch. Beide Institute arbeiten gemäß den Bestimmungen der EU-Datenschutzgrundverordnung (DSGVO) und des Bundesdatenschutzgesetzes (BDSG) und tragen gemeinsam die datenschutzrechtliche Verantwortung für Ihre Daten. Ziel und Zweck der Studie: Die Untersuchung „Leben in Deutschland“ befasst sich jährlich mit Ihrer aktuellen Lebenssituation und deckt einen breiten Kanon an Themen ab. Sie dient als unabhängige Sozialforschungsstudie wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und ist international führend in der Qualität, Originalität, Aussagekraft, und Zuverlässigkeit der Forschungsarbeit. Freiwilligkeit der Teilnahme: Ihre Teilnahme an der Untersuchung „Leben in Deutschland“ ist freiwillig. Wenn Sie nicht daran teilnehmen oder die Teilnahme beenden möchten, entstehen Ihnen keine Nachteile. Ihre Einwilligung zur Teilnahme können Sie jederzeit ohne Angabe von Gründen und ohne weitere Konsequenzen mit Wirkung für die Zukunft widerrufen. Wir bitten Sie herzlich, mit Ihrer Teilnahme zum Gelingen dieser wichtigen wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung beizutragen. Herkunft Ihrer Kontaktdaten, Rechtsgrundlage der Verarbeitung: Die Kontaktdaten wurden 2021 durch die Kantar GmbH (Kantar - Public Division) an infas übermittelt. Wenn Sie in der Vergangenheit bereits an der Untersuchung „Leben in Deutschland“ teilgenommen haben, basiert die Einladung zur Teilnahme auf Ihrem Einverständnis gemäß Art. 6 Abs. 1 lit. a DSGVO und auf Art 9 Abs. 2 lit. a DSGVO, soweit besondere Kategorien personenbetroffen sind. Wenn Sie in der Vergangenheit noch nicht teilgenommen haben, basiert die Einladung auf dem öffentlichen Interesse an dieser Untersuchung gemäß Art. 6 Abs. 1 lit. e DSGVO. Die Erhebung von besonderen Kategorien personenbezogener Daten im Rahmen der Befragung ist für die wissenschaftliche Forschung erforderlich gemäß Art. 9 Abs. 2 lit. j DSGVO i.V.m. §27 Abs. 1 BDSG. Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Sozio-oekonomisches Panel (SOEP) Mohrenstr. 58 10117 Berlin www.diw.de Datenschutzbeauftragter: Udo Wenzel Budapester Str. 31 10787 Berlin [email protected] infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de Datenschutzbeauftragter: infas GmbH - Datenschutzbeauftragter Friedrich-Wilhelm-Straße 18 53113 Bonn [email protected]e 7708/DS-Pan/2023 3.3 Further Documents 1 Data Protection Statement Panel Attachment Page 98 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Umgang mit den Daten und Löschung: Für den Umgang mit Ihren personenbezogenen Daten und den Angaben, die Sie bei der Befragung gemacht haben, gelten folgende Grundsätze: − Die bei der Befragung erhobenen Daten (Ihre Antworten) werden getrennt von Ihrem Namen und Ihren Kontaktdaten unter Verwendung eines Pseudonyms (Codenummer) gespeichert, dass auch bei Wiederholungsbefragungen verwendet wird. − infas übermittelt die Ergebnisse der Befragungen pseudonymisiert, also ohne Ihre Kontaktdaten, an das DIW Berlin. Das DIW Berlin führt mit den Ergebnissen der Befragung Forschungsarbeiten durch. Außerdem gibt es sie an andere wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen und Personen – auch an solche in Drittländern, in denen die DSGVO und das BDSG nicht unmittelbar gelten - zu Forschungszwecken und für die universitäre Lehre weiter. Alle Auswertungen und Analysen werden ohne Bezug zu Ihrem Namen und Ihrer Anschrift vorgenommen, die gewonnenen Informationen werden ausschließlich in anonymisierter Form dargestellt. − Das DIW Berlin hat infas damit beauftragt, die Umfragen in den kommenden Jahren durchzuführen. Ihre Kontaktdaten werden bei infas aufbewahrt, um Sie später im Rahmen dieser Untersuchung noch einmal kontaktieren und befragen zu können. Das DIW Berlin ist im Rahmen der gemeinsamen Datenschutzverantwortung ebenfalls berechtigt, die Kontaktdaten zu speichern und zu verarbeiten. Das DIW Berlin behält es sich für den Fall einer Beendigung der Zusammenarbeit mit infas vor, zum Zweck der Fortsetzung der Studie „Leben in Deutschland“ ein anderes Umfrageinstitut zu beauftragen und diesem dann die Kontaktdaten auf vertraglicher Basis zu übermitteln. Nach Auslauf der Förderung des SOEP werden Ihre Kontaktdaten unwiederbringlich gelöscht. − Für die Postversendungen an Sie und für Adressrecherchen setzt infas Auftragsverarbeiter ein. Sie können sicher sein, dass sowohl infas als auch das DIW Berlin Ihren Namen und Ihre Anschrift nur an diese Dienstleister, außerdem an die Interviewerinnen und Interviewer, die unter Umständen einen Teil der Befragungen durchführen und gegebenenfalls an ein nachfolgendes Umfrageinstitut (siehe vorhergehenden Punkt) weitergeben. Ihre Rechte gemäß Art. 13 und 14 DSGVO: Im Hinblick auf Ihre personenbezogenen Daten können Sie bis zur Löschung der Kontaktdaten bei Projektabschluss gegenüber infas oder dem DIW Berlin jederzeit die folgenden Rechte geltend machen: − Auskunftsrecht Art. 15 DSGVO − Recht auf Berichtigung Art. 16 DSGVO − Recht auf Löschung („Recht auf Vergessenwerden“) Art. 17 DSGVO − Recht auf Einschränkung der Verarbeitung Art. 18 DSGVO − Recht auf Datenübertragbarkeit Art. 20 DSGVO Zur Kontaktaufnahme nutzen Sie bitte die auf der Vorderseite genannten Kontaktmöglichkeiten. Außerdem haben Sie gemäß Art. 77 DSGVO ein Beschwerderecht bei einer DatenschutzAufsichtsbehörde. Sie können Ihre Beschwerde sowohl bei der Aufsichtsbehörde im Bundesland Ihres Wohnsitzes oder Arbeitsplatzes als auch bei der für den Verantwortlichen im jeweiligen Bundesland zuständigen Aufsichtsbehörde erheben. Auf Ihre Anfrage stellen wir Ihnen die datenschutzrechtlichen Vereinbarungen zwischen dem DIW Berlin und infas gerne zur Verfügung. Attachment Page 99 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Erklärung zum Datenschutz Nachfolgend erhalten Sie von uns die gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen Informationen zum Datenschutz für die Studie „Leben in Deutschland“. Die vorliegende Erklärung beschreibt, wie wir personenbezogene Daten, die Sie uns im Rahmen Ihrer Teilnahme an der vorliegenden Studie bereitstellen, verarbeiten. Mit Ihrer Teilnahme an der Studie erklären Sie sich mit der hier beschriebenen Erklärung einverstanden. Wir bitten Sie diese Erklärung sorgfältig zu lesen. Verantwortlich für die Verarbeitung Ihrer Daten sind: infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Kurt-Schumacher-Straße 24 53113 Bonn DIW Berlin Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Sozio-oekonomisches Panel (SOEP) Mohrenstraße 58 10117 Berlin Bei der Untersuchung „Leben in Deutschland“ arbeitet das Sozio-oekonomische Panel (SOEP) des Deutschen Instituts für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW Berlin) mit der infas GmbH zusammen. infas führt die Befragungen des SOEP im Auftrag des DIW Berlin durch. Beide Institute arbeiten gemäß den Bestimmungen der EU-Datenschutzgrundverordnung (DSGVO) und des Bundesdatenschutzgesetzes (BDSG) und tragen gemeinsam die datenschutzrechtliche Verantwortung für Ihre Daten. Ziel und Zweck der Studie: Die Untersuchung „Leben in Deutschland“ befasst sich jährlich mit Ihrer aktuellen Lebenssituation und deckt einen breiten Kanon an Themen ab. Sie dient als unabhängige Sozialforschungsstudie wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und ist international führend in der Qualität, Originalität, Aussagekraft, und Zuverlässigkeit der Forschungsarbeit. Freiwilligkeit der Teilnahme: Ihre Teilnahme an der Untersuchung „Leben in Deutschland“ ist freiwillig. Wenn Sie nicht daran teilnehmen oder die Teilnahme beenden möchten, entstehen Ihnen keine Nachteile. Ihre Einwilligung zur Teilnahme können Sie jederzeit ohne Angabe von Gründen und ohne weitere Konsequenzen mit Wirkung für die Zukunft widerrufen. Wir bitten Sie herzlich, mit Ihrer Teilnahme zum Gelingen dieser wichtigen wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung beizutragen. Herkunft und Rechtsgrundlage der Verarbeitung der Kontaktund Befragungsdaten: Die Studie liegt im öffentlichen Interesse. Der Name und die Adresse eines Haushaltsmitglieds wurden daher auf Basis von §46 des Bundesmeldegesetzes durch Ihre Gemeinde an infas übermittelt. Diese Person wurde unter allen von 1948 bis 2004 geborenen Einwohnern zufällig aus dem Melderegister Ihrer Gemeinde für die Teilnahme ausgewählt. Die Gemeinde nimmt damit weder zum Forschungsprojekt noch zu diesem oder möglichen weiteren Schreiben inhaltlich Stellung. Wenn diese zufällig ausgewählte Person Angaben zu weiteren Haushaltsmitgliedern macht, wird infas auch weitere Haushaltsmitglieder zur Teilnahme an der Studie einladen. Die Einladung zur Studie erfolgt gemäß Art. 6 Abs. 1e DSGVO im öffentlichen Interesse. Ihre Teilnahme an der Befragung ist freiwillig und basiert auf Ihrem Einverständnis gemäß Art. 6 Abs. 1a DSGVO. Rechtsgrundlage für die Verarbeitung Ihrer Daten aus der Befragung (Ihrer Antworten) ist ebenfalls Ihre Einwilligung (Art. 6 Abs. 1 lit. a bzw. Art. 9 Abs. 2 lit. a DSGVO) Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Sozio-oekonomisches Panel (SOEP) Mohrenstr. 58 10117 Berlin www.diw.de Datenschutzbeauftragter: Udo Wenzel Budapester Str. 31 10787 Berlin [email protected] infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH Postfach 240101 53154 Bonn Tel. 0800/66 77 876 [email protected] www.leben-in-deutschland.de Datenschutzbeauftragter: infas GmbH - Datenschutzbeauftragter Friedrich-Wilhelm-Straße 18 53113 Bonn [email protected]e 7708/DS-Auf/2023 2 Data Protection Statement Refreshment Sample Attachment Page 100 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 sowie unabhängig davon Art. 9 Abs. 2 lit. j DSGVO i.V.m. § 27 Abs. 1 BDSG, weil zur Erfüllung des Forschungsauftrages ein berechtigtes Interesse an der Datenverarbeitung besteht. Umgang mit den Daten und Löschung: Für den Umgang mit Ihren personenbezogenen Daten und den Angaben, die Sie bei der Befragung gemacht haben, gelten folgende Grundsätze: − Die bei der Befragung erhobenen Daten (Ihre Antworten) werden getrennt von Ihrem Namen und Ihren Kontaktdaten unter Verwendung eines Pseudonyms (Codenummer) gespeichert, dass auch bei Wiederholungsbefragungen verwendet wird. − infas übermittelt die Ergebnisse der Befragungen pseudonymisiert, also ohne Ihre Kontaktdaten, an das DIW Berlin. Das DIW Berlin führt mit den Ergebnissen der Befragung Forschungsarbeiten durch. Außerdem gibt es sie an andere wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen und Personen – auch an solche in Drittländern, in denen die DSGVO und das BDSG nicht unmittelbar gelten - zu Forschungszwecken und für die universitäre Lehre weiter. Alle Auswertungen und Analysen werden ohne Bezug zu Ihrem Namen und Ihrer Anschrift vorgenommen, die gewonnenen Informationen werden ausschließlich in anonymisierter Form dargestellt. − Das DIW Berlin hat infas damit beauftragt, die Umfragen in den kommenden Jahren durchzuführen. Ihre Kontaktdaten werden bei infas aufbewahrt, um Sie später im Rahmen dieser Untersuchung noch einmal kontaktieren und befragen zu können. Das DIW Berlin ist im Rahmen der gemeinsamen Datenschutzverantwortung ebenfalls berechtigt, die Kontaktdaten zu speichern und zu verarbeiten. Das DIW Berlin behält es sich für den Fall einer Beendigung der Zusammenarbeit mit infas vor, zum Zweck der Fortsetzung der Studie „Leben in Deutschland“ ein anderes Umfrageinstitut zu beauftragen und diesem dann die Kontaktdaten auf vertraglicher Basis zu übermitteln. Nach Auslauf der Förderung des SOEP werden Ihre Kontaktdaten unwiederbringlich gelöscht. − Für die Postversendungen an Sie und für Adressrecherchen setzt infas Auftragsverarbeiter ein. Sie können sicher sein, dass sowohl infas als auch das DIW Berlin Ihren Namen und Ihre Anschrift nur an diese Dienstleister, außerdem an die Interviewerinnen und Interviewer, die unter Umständen einen Teil der Befragungen durchführen und gegebenenfalls an ein nachfolgendes Umfrageinstitut (siehe vorhergehenden Punkt) weitergeben. Ihre Rechte gemäß Art. 13 und 14 DSGVO: Im Hinblick auf Ihre personenbezogenen Daten können Sie bis zur Löschung der Kontaktdaten bei Projektabschluss gegenüber infas oder dem DIW Berlin jederzeit die folgenden Rechte geltend machen: − Auskunftsrecht Art. 15 DSGVO − Recht auf Berichtigung Art. 16 DSGVO − Recht auf Löschung („Recht auf Vergessenwerden“) Art. 17 DSGVO − Recht auf Einschränkung der Verarbeitung Art. 18 DSGVO − Recht auf Datenübertragbarkeit Art. 20 DSGVO Zur Kontaktaufnahme nutzen Sie bitte die auf der Vorderseite genannten Kontaktmöglichkeiten. Außerdem haben Sie gemäß Art. 77 DSGVO ein Beschwerderecht bei einer DatenschutzAufsichtsbehörde. Sie können Ihre Beschwerde sowohl bei der Aufsichtsbehörde im Bundesland Ihres Wohnsitzes oder Arbeitsplatzes als auch bei der für den Verantwortlichen im jeweiligen Bundesland zuständigen Aufsichtsbehörde erheben. Auf Ihre Anfrage stellen wir Ihnen die datenschutzrechtlichen Vereinbarungen zwischen dem DIW Berlin und infas gerne zur Verfügung. Attachment Page 101 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Rückmeldung zum Interviewgespräch im Rahmen der Studie „Leben in Deutschland“ Um die Arbeit unseres Interviewerstabes kontinuierlich verbessern zu können, sind wir sehr an Ihren Erfahrungen und Rückmeldungen aus dem Interviewgespräch interessiert. Wir wären Ihnen sehr dankbar, wenn Sie sich kurz Zeit für die Beantwortung der nachfolgenden Fragen nehmen und uns Ihre Antwort innerhalb der nächsten Tage im beiliegenden portofreien Rückumschlag zurückschicken. 2. Mit wem hat das Interviewgespräch stattgefunden? Mit Ihnen selbst .......................................................... 1 Mit einer anderen Person im Haushalt ............. 2 3. Wie wurde das Interviewgespräch geführt? Persönlich vor Ort ............1 Am Telefon ..........................2 4. Wie lange hat das gesamte Interviewgespräch Ihrer Einschätzung nach gedauert? Minuten 5. Wie hat Ihnen das Interviewgespräch gefallen? 6. Wie zufrieden waren Sie mit unserer Interviewerin bzw. unserem Interviewer? 7. Wie viele Personen leben in Ihrem Haushalt? Anzahl Personen: 8. Wurden außer Ihnen weitere Personen in Ihrem Haushalt befragt? Wenn ja, wie viele? Ja, es wurden weitere Personen befragt .........................1 → Anzahl Personen: Nein, es wurden keine weiteren Personen befragt .....2 9. In welchem Jahr sind Sie geboren? Ihr Geburtsjahr: 10. Wir danken Ihnen ganz herzlich für die Beantwortung der Fragen. Hier ist noch Platz für Ihre Anmerkungen: 1. Wann hat das Interviewgespräch stattgefunden? An einem Wochentag ....1 Und zu welcher Zeit? Am Vormittag ...................... 1 Am Nachmittag .................. 2 Am Abend .............................. 3 Am Wochenende .............2 Es hat kein Interviewgespräch stattgefunden .......... 3 → Bitte weiter mit Frage 9 4 Subsample Overarching Material 1 Interviewer Control Questionnaire Attachment Page 102 Wave Report - Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 2023 Sehr geehrte Dame, sehr geehrter Herr, wir bitten Sie herzlich um Unterstützung unserer Studie Leider konnte ich Sie nicht erreichen, um einen persönlichen Gesprächstermin zu vereinbaren. Ich werde es nochmals versuchen am um Uhr Vielen Dank für Ihre Terminzusage. Unser Gespräch findet statt am um Uhr Sie können zentral bei infas eine Nachricht für mich über die kostenfreie Telefonnummer 0800/66 77 876 hinterlassen. Leben in Deutschland Mitteilung Leben in Deutschland 2 Contact Card/ Message Card