;'
"
..
IMACS
In e na ional
Associa ion
o
Ma hema ics
and
Compu e s
.
in
Simula ion
AFCET
ENSM
SYMPOSIUM
INTERNATIONAL
LA
SIMULATION
DANS
LES
SCIENCES
'POUR
L'INGENIEUR
SIMULATION
IN
ENGINEERING
SCIENCES
Mai
9-"
1983
.
May
NANTES
(F ance)
PRETIRAGES
.
PREPRINTS
EDITEURS /
EDITORS
Jacques
BURGER
Y on
JARNY
Labo a oi e
d'Au oma ique
ENSM
-
NANTES·
TABLE
DBS
MATmRES -CONTEN'I'S
1-
OUTILS DE
SIMULATION
-Loglciels I SIMULATION TOOLS -
So wa e
1
J
-A language
o
eal
ime Simula ion
o
p ocesses wi h Boolean inpu s l
~~
I
1l.P. Camacho,
L.G.
F.anquelo,
J.
Lozano
(E)
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
3
-Compu e aided modelling
o
complex
p ocesses,
a p og am package
L
..
Ma cocei, S
..
Sp.e1 a
(0
..................................
...............
~
..................
~
..............
" ..... 9
-Flexible
so wa e
package
o.
ailca
design
R.C. Wbi e, A.A.
Me.abe
(CON)
•••
15
...•..•.••.••••.......•..•...•••••••••••••..•
IS
-CATPAC ,a
so wa e
package
o
compu e -aided
con ol
enginee ing
M.
Ba helmes, P. B eseie , D. Biinz,
K.
GU schow,
J.
Heege , H.J.Lemke
••••••••••••••••
21
(FRG)
II
-METHODES
DE
SIMULATION
-METHODES NUMERIQUES
SIMULATION
METHODS
-NUI HlRICAL
METHODS
-Simula ion
o
on-line
s a e
es ima ion
o
dis ibu ed dynamic sys ems
A. Maslowski (PL) ...... ,.."
.........................................
........
'"
.................................
'
..........
• 29
-The use
o
nume ical simula ion
o
e i y
he
e iciency
o
new
PWM
s a egies
o he eedback con ol
o
a. D.C. mo o d i e
L.
Fo una,
A. Gallo, M.
La
Ca a
(J)
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
35
-P og amma ion
dynamique
di e en ielle,
mise
en
oeU e
d algo i hmes
e
applica ions
J.
Lopez
Co onado,
L.
La
Le y
(1')
.................................................
41
-Linea app oxima ion
o
nonlinea sys ems based on
leas
squa es
me hods
J.G.
den Hollande ,
J.A.
Hoogs a en
and
G.A.J.
an deMoesdijk (NL)
••••••••••••••••••
53
-Simula ion
o
enginee ing p oblems
USing
bounda y
elemen s
C
..
A
..
B ebbia
(GB}-
..
""
..
~
....
".
~ ~
..... " ... "
......
+
......
~
...
~"""""",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
.59
1lI-
OUTILS
DE
SIMULATION -Ma e iels I SIMULATION TOOLS
-lia dwa e
-G aphic model building sys em -
GMBS
-
Y
..
Yamamo o, M. Lenng en (S)
.....
"
~
....
""
...................
"
....
"
.........
""
......
"
....
"
....
"
...•
71
-The sole simula ion package
in
Pascal
J.E.
Rooda, S.
Joos en
(NL)
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••
71
-UNlSYS -Compu e
assis ed
modelling and
simula ion
sys em
.
, K.A. G abowiec:ki (PL) ... "
....
...... " "
......................
;
......
" " • " ..... " " ......... " " . " ... " " " " ......... " . 83
-Dynamic
sys em
simula ion
in
designing compu e pe iphe als
M.H.
Dcs
(USA) " . " .........
......................
"
...............
" ......... * "
..................................
" •
..
89
IV
-
METHODES
ET TECHNIQUES
DE
SIMULATION
ET
DE
COMMANDE
SIMULATION
AND
CONTROL
METHODS
AND
TECHNIQUES
-Applica ion d'un ou il de simula ion II
la
concep ion des
su aces
geuches , no ion
de
p ocessus
in e pola eu
R..
Haj
Nassa ,
D.
Meizel, P. Bielec (P)
................
"
.......
...................
"
................
*
.....
:
91
-Simula ion -
Aid
o p ocess
in e ac ion
D.
de
Buyse -,
L.
de
Wael,
G.Co
Vans eenkls e (B)
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
103
VII
A
LANGUAGE
FOR
,REAL
TIME
SIMULATION
OF
PROCESSES
WITH
BOOLEAN
INPUTS
AND
OUTPUTS
E.F.Camacno,
L.G.F anquel0
and
J.Lozano
E.T.S.
Ing.
Indus iales
Uni .
Se illa
This
pape
deals
wi h
he
p oblem
o
eal
ime
simula ion
o
p ocesses
wi h
boolean
inpu s
and
ou pu s.
A
language
o
his
pu pose
and
he
p og ams
ha
p ocesses
i
is
p esen ed.
The
language
allows
he
desc ip ion
o
p ocesses
wi h
simul aneous
e olu ions
as
a imed
pe i
ne
ype
o
desc ip ion
is
used.
Random
ailu es
can
also
be
In oduced
in
he
beha iou
o
he
model.
The
language
allows
he
con ol
o
a
semlg aphic
CRT
in
o de
o
acili a e
he
ask
o
ollowing
he
model
beha iou .
1.
INTRODUCTION
Simula io~
is
a
dndamen al, odl
.~hen
~e.
eloping
logical
au oma as,
especially,=
when
hose
au oma a~
a e
d~signed
o
can
ol
complex
p ocesses
o
p oceises
whe=
e
es ing
is
expensi e.
As
an
example -
he
s a ing
up
and
shu ing'down
p oce-
du e
o
a
hyd oelec ic
powe
uni
o
--
con olling
subs a ion
ope a ions,
whe e
on-line
es ing
o
he
au oma a
should
be
a oided
as
much
as
possible
due
o
--
he
isk
o
damaging
expensi e
equipeme-
n
while
unning
he
expe imen .
The
simples
o
all
pOssible
boolean
si~
mula o s
consis s
o
a
se
o
swi ches,
simula ing
p ocess
inpu s,
and
ligh s,
simula ing
p ocess
ou pu s.
The
au oma a
is
connec ed
o
hese
and a
human
ope a-
o
mo es
he
swi ches
as
he
plan
wo--
ula
do
acco ding
o
he
sequence
o
o --
de s
ecei ed
om
he
au oma a.
The.hu-
man
ope a o
is
in
his
way
simula ing
-
he
beha iou
o
he
plan .
This
me hod
o
es ing
an au oma a has
ee
majo
--
d awbacks.
The
i s
one
is
ha
human
-
ope a o s
a e
e y
slow;
i
can
ake
15
seconds
o
mo e
o
he
ope a o
o
de--
cide
which
swi ches
mus
be
changed
i
-
he
p ocess
he
is
simula ing
is
complex
enough.
The
second
disa an age
is
ha
due
o
equen
e o s
he
sys em
is
no
p ope ly
simula ed.
Finally
i
is
e y
dol icul
o
ca y
ou
sys ema ic
es s
wi h
his
me hod.
The e o e
only
e y
--
slow
o
simple
p ocesses
can
be
.imula--
ed
wi h
hl
s me hod
in
eal
ime.
A ha dwa e
model
o
he
plan
o e ides
all
hese
p oblems.bu
i
is
no mally
e-
y
cos ly
and
un lexible.
This
pape
p esen s
a
so wa e
simula o
implemen ed
in
a
POP
11/23
compu e .
The
simula o
consis s
o
a language and a -
collec ion
o
p og ams
o
p ocessing
i
The
language
Is
based
on
he
Pe i
Ne s
app oach
o
desc ibing
au oma as.
The
o e all
sys em
s uc u e
is
desc i--
bed
in
he
nex
sec ion.
The
language
Is
.
ea ed
in
sec ion
3 and some.examples
'.
a e
gi en
in
sec ion
4.
2.
SYSTEM
STRUCTURE
AND
FUNCTIONING
The
s uc u e
chosen
o
he
simula o
-
can be
seen
in
igu e
1.
I
consis s
o
a compu e
connec ed
o
he
au oma a
o
be
es ed
and
o
a
semi-g aphic
CRT
ha
allows
an
in e ac i e
simula ion.
The
au
oma a
is
connec ed
o
he
compu e
la-
,pa allel
inpu -ou pu
digi al
po s.
Se ial
Compu e
~
Line
/)
• 7
Au oma a
F1qu e
1.
Sys em
s uc u e
Once
he
model
is
unning,
manual
ope a-
ions
can be
in oduced
easily
using
he
keyboa d
a ached
o
he
CRT.
As
an
exa~
ple,
when
simula ing
an
elec ical
subs-
a ion
a
b eake
can
be
manually opened
o
closed
by
he
ope a o
While
he
mo--
del
is
unning.
A mimic can be
ela ed
o
he
model and
i
will
appea
on
he
sc een
as
soon
as
he
simula ion
p og am
begins.
Up
o
128
ac i e
poin s
can
be
de ined
o
each
--
applica ion.
These
poin s
a e
ela ed
o
4 boolean
a iables
>lO
o
which
a e
as-
SOcia ed
o
he
keyboa d
(inpu s
o
he
simula o )
and
he
o he
wo
o
he
sc ~
en
(ou pu s
o
he
simula o ).
'
The
keyboa d
signals
a e
ac i a ed
posi-
ioning
he
sc een
cu so
on
he
ac i e
posi ion
and
p essing
one
o
he
ou
--
p ede ined
keys
ha
a e
associa ed
wi h
he
alues
00,
01,
10,
11
o
he
wo
keyboa d
signals
men ioned abo e.
As
was
men ioned
be o e,
hese
keyboa d
ya ia--
bles
will
simula e
manual
ope a ions
and
wll1
be
conside ed
as
inpu
signals
o
he
model. In
he
example
o
he
ci cui
b eake
men ioned abo e,
an
ac i e
poin
could
be
ela ed
o
i
and
he
open and ,
close
would
be
associa ed
o
he
wo
key-
boa d
signals
co esponding
6
ha
ac-
i e
poin
wi h
alues
10
and
01
espec-
i ely.
The
non
logical
condi ions
(11)
o
hese
signals
can
be
used
wi~hln
he
model
o
decla e
a
de ec i e
b eake
--
whiCh
can
be
use ul
o
' es
' he
au oma a
unde
mal unc i~ning
o
he
p ocess.
>
The
wo
sc een
signals'men ioned
be o e
a e
ou pu
a iables
o
he
model.
Up
o
ou
symbols can
be
associa ed
~
he
ou
possible
alues
o
hese
wo
s~g--
nals.
The
simula o
will
ep esen
ln
--
he
ela ed
ac i e
poin
he
symbol
co -
esponding
o
, he
alues
o
he
a la---,
bles.
These
a iables
a e
e y
use ul
--
o 'an
in e ac i e
simula ion
o
he
p ~
cess,
as
he
model
beha iou
can
be
eas~
ly
ollowed
on
he
sc een.
Besides
he
keyboa d and
sc een
a ia---
bles.men ioned
abo e,
he
simula o
al-
lows
he
use
o
512
inpu -ou pu
Signals
connec ed
o
he
au oma a.
In e nal
boo-
lean
a iables
(up
o
256)
can
also
be
used. These
in e nal
signals
a e
use ul
o
connec ing
Pe i
Ne s.
In
o de
o
simula e
s ochas ics
ailu--
es
o
e olu ions
In
he
model,
up
o
32
andomly
gene a ed
boolean
signals
a e
p o ided.
The
i s
16
o
hese
signals
a~e
gene a ed
by
a 1 second
clock
whils
h'e
o he
16
wi h
a 1 minu e
clock.
The
way
o
ope a ing
he
simula o
can
be
seen
in
igu e
2.
The
model
is
de i--
ned
in
a
simula ion
language
ha
will
be
desc ibed
in
he
nex
sec ion.
The
model
is
compiled and
he
ables
and
co-
de
necessa y
o
he
simula ion
p og am
a e
p oduced
as
is
shown
in
igu e
2.
The
slm~la lon
p og am
eads
he
ou pu
da a
o
he
compile
and
he
g aphic
e-
p esen ing
he
p ocess
om a
~isk.
.
Wi h
his
in o ma ion
and
he
lnpu
Slg-
nals
(ex e nal
,
in e nal
• keyboa d and
andom)
he
simula o
mo es
he
ou pu
signals
(ex e nal,
in e nal
an~
s~ een)
acco ding
o
he
p ocess
desc lp lon
and
i s
ac ual
s a e.
A
ma ix
me hod (2)
Is
used
o
compu e -
4
he
ma king
o
he
ne s.
The
amoun
o
memo y
and
he
compu a ion
equi ed
dec ease
conside ably
i
ins e-
ad
o
using
a
single
big
ne
o
model-
ling
he
sys em,
a ious
small
ne s
a e
used.
Tables
and
Code
'.
, ... ,
Ne
P ocesso
Figu e
2.
Sys em
ope a ion.
3.
SIMULATION
LANGUAGE.
To
acili a e
he
ask
o
modelling,
a
simula ion
language has been
de ined
and
i s
p ocesso
implemen ed.
The
lan-
guage
uses
he
Pe i
Ne s app oach
all~
wing a model
o
con ain
se e al
Pe i
Ne s.
'
Each
ne
de ined
In
he
model
begins
and
inishes
wi h
ese ed
wo ds.
La---
bels
can
be
associa ed
wi h
he
boole--
ans
4 iables
desc ibed
in
he
p e ious
sec ion.
The
labels
can
be
hen
used
as
ou pu s
associa ed
o
he
ma king
o
a-
ny
place
o
can
be
used
as
pa
o
an
exp ession
in
a
ansi ion.
Labels
can
be
global,
alid
o
all
---
ne s
o
local
o
a
ne .
Labels
can
be
asso~ia ed
wi h a boolean
signal
speci-
ying
ype
and numbe
o
signal
o~
Indi
ca ing
only
ype.
The
p ocesso
wl11
a-
ssocia e
he
nex
ee
signal
o
ha
-
ype
in
his
las
case.
This
and
he
p~
ssibili y
o
using
local
labels
allows
he
e ec i e
use
o
a mac o
p ocesso ,
which
is
implemen ed
wi hin
he
p og am,
hus
acili a ing
he
modelling
o
sys-
ems wi h
epe i i e
pa s
(see
example
o
subs a ion
gi en
below).
Fou
labels
can
be
assigned
o
a
sc een
ac i e
poin ,
gi ing
he
coo dina es.
-
The
i s
wo
co espond
o
he
keyb~-
a d
and
he
las
wo
o
he
sc een
Slg-
nals.
The
ou
g aphic
simbols
associa-
ed
wi h
he
sc een
labels
mus
be
gi--
en
in
he
asigna ion
ins uc ion.
T ansi ions
a e
de ined
indica ing
hei
numbe
(wi hin
he
n ),
he
places
en l
ing
and
lea ing
he
ansi ion
and a
b~
olean
in ix
exp ession
associa ed
wi h
i .
The
exp essions
can
con ain
any
la--
bel
p e iously
de ined,
he
boolean ope-
a o s
NOT,
AND,
OR
and
pa en hes;s.
The
ne
s uc u e
;s
de ined
onCe
all
--
he
ansi ions
ha e been
speci ied.
Ou!
pu s
a e,
;n
his
mOdel,
associa ed
o
-
he
ma king
o
he
places.
The e o e
i
is
necessa y
o
use
ano he
ype
o
ins-
uc ion
speCi ying
he
ini ;al
ma king
o
he
places
and
he
ou pu s
ela ed
o
hem
i
any.
I
is
also
possible
o
in--
aduce
imed
Pe i
Ne s.
his
is
achie-
ed
by
speci ying
he
ime
delay
associ~
ed
wi h
each
place-i
.ny;,The
ma king'
o
a
place
Is
no
e ec i e
( o
ou pu s
o
alida ing
ansi ions)
un il
his
dl
lay
ime has
elapsed.
4.
EXAl~PLES
To
illus a e
he
scope
o
he
language.
wo
o
he
applica ions
whe e
he
simul!
o
has been used
a e
desc ibed.
The
---
i s
one
is
a
model
o
an
elec .'ical
-
subs a ion.
The'second example
is
a
.hy--
d o u bine
gene a ion
uni .
Aw oma as
o
con ol
some
unc ions
o - hese
wo
sys-
ems
a e
being de eloped and
he
simula-
o is
being used
o
es
he
beha iou
o
he
au oma as.
4.1
Elec ical
subs a ion
This
example
shows
how
easily
sys ems
--
wi h
epe i i e
pa s
can
be
desc ibed
wi h
he
language
p esen ed.
As
was
men ioned
in
he
p e ious
pa a---
g aph.
an
au oma a
o
con olling
ce !
in
aspec s
o
he
ope a ion
o
elec l--
cal
subs a ions
is
being
de eloped.
This
au oma a
is
based
on
mic op ocesso s
and
has h ee main
unc ions:
load
shedding,
au oma ic
eclosu e
and
aul y
g ound
--
de ec ion.
The
model
o
he
SUbs a ion
-
should
he e o e
ep oduce
in
i s
beha !
ou
hose
aspec s
o
he
beha iou
o
.-
he
subs a ion
which
a e
ele an
o
he
unc ions
men ioned abo e.
The
wo
main elemen s In a
subs a ion
a e
ci cui
b eake s
and
line
swi ches
-
as a
subs a ion
con ains
se e al
o
he-
se
elemen s,
hey
will
be
de ined
as
ma-
c os.
The
p og am
lis ing
o
he
mac o
dese i
! ing
he
ci cui
b eake
is
he,
OllON~:-'
ing:
01
.MACRO
BREAK
XX,VV
02
NET
03
!!'<!.=:X+
04
&SA=O'"
05
&;SC=O+
06
&E:A=I
...
5
07
~<EC=I'"
08
~(TA7&TC.,&PA,~(PC=XX.,yy
'.7'6,97,OlX
0';>·
TR
1
FROM
1
TO
2
EX
&TC*'&TA
...
~,EC*·'~<EA
10
TR
2
FROM
2
TO
3
EX
'(&TC*&TA)
11
TR
3
FROM
3
TO
4
EX
'&TC~&TA""&EC*&EA
12
TR
4
FROM
4
TO
1
EX
(~,TC"$<TA)
13
PL 1 M 1
&PA,&SA
14
PL
2 T S
:2
15
PL 3 &PC.&SC.&I
-16 PL 4 T S 2
17
ENDNET
18
.ENDM
&TC*'&TA+
&Ee*-&EA
-
(&TC*&TA)
'&PA,&SA
~(&TC*&TA)
T=2
sec.
-&Te*&TA
-&Ee*&EA
Figu e
3
Ci 6ui
b ea e
Pe i
Ne .
Lines 2 and
17
co espond
o
he
ins u~
ions
spec ying
he
begining
and end
o
a
Pe i
Ne .
Lines 3
o
7
a e
label
de ini ions,
he
symbol
&
speci ies
ha
hese
labels
a e
local
o
he
ne .
The
label
&1
will
be
associa ed
wi h
he
nex
a ailable
In e~
nal
signal,
he
labels
ollowing.&SA,&Se
&EA
and
&EC
will
be
associa ed
wi h--
he
ollowing
wo
a ailable
ou pu
and
inpu
signals
espec i ely.
Signals
&EA
and
&EC
a e
aSSOCia ed
o
he
open and
closu e
o de s
o
he
ci -
cui
b eake ,whils
he
local
labels
&SA
and
&se
a e
associa ed
o
he
open and
closed
posi ion
swi ches
o
he
ci cui
b eake .
The
in e nal
signal
&I
will
be
used
ino he
ne s
whe e
he
ci cui
b e~
ke
posi ion
needs
o
be
known, as
is
--
he
case
o
he
aul y
g ound
de ec ion
whe e
opological
conside a ions
a e
nel
ded. Line 8
o
he
lis ing
co esponds
-
o
he
de ini ion
o
an
ac i e
poin
on
he
sc een.
In
his
case
only
One
ac i e
poin
is
associa ed
wi h
he
ci cui
b e
ake .
The
signals
&TA
and
&Te
co espond
o
he
eyboa d
signals
associa ed
wi h
he
b eake .
simula ing
as
was
men ioned
be o e.
manual
ope a ion
on
he
ci cui
b eake .
&PA
and
&pe
co espond
o
he
sc een
a iables
o
he
ac i e
poin
and
he
ou
pa ame e s
a
he
end
o
--
he
symbols
ha
will
be
associa ed
wi h
he
ou
possible
alues
o
he
signals

&PA
and
&PC.The
pa ame e s
XX
and yy
a e
he
ela i e
x-y
posi ion
o
he
ac i e
poin
On
he
sc een.
Lines 9
o
12
desc ibe
he
ansi ions
-
o
his
pa icula
ne .
As
i
can
be
seen,
hey
a e
de ined
by
he"iii-pu and
ou pu
places
and
by
he
associa ed
boo-
lean
exp ession.
Lines
13
o
16
de ine
he
ini ial
ma king
o
he
places.
he
associa ed
ou pu
and
ime-lag.
Line 14
speci ies
ha
a 2
se-
cond ime
delay
should
be
Obse ed
o
-
place
numbe 2.
A
line
swi ch
can
be
modelled
using
an
iden ical
ne
O, he
one
desc ibed
abo e
excep
o
he
ex e nal
inpu '
signals.
which
a e
non
exis en
as
he
au oma a
Is
no
going
o
al e
line
swi ches,and
he
sc een
ep esen a ion
which
is
also
di
-
e en .
Figu e
4 shows
he
sc een
ep es~n a io.
o
a
coupling
cell
and a
line
cell.The~e
ypes
o
cells
can
be
de ined
as
ollows
.MACRO
CELLIN OX,OY
X=OX'
Y=Oy
LINE CELL POS. OX.OY
; LINE
BREAKER
POS. OX+5,OY+4
BREAK
5,4'
LINE
SWITCH
IlllS 1 POS. OX+7,OY+2
SWITCH
7,2
; .
LINE
SWITCH
BUS
:2
POS
..
IJX+~h
OY+2
SWITCH
3.2
;
SWITCH
BYPASs pas. OX, 0'1'+2
SWITCH
0,2
'
LINE
SWITCH
pas.
OX+5,OY+6
SWITCH
5-,6
VL
5,9
.ENDM
LINE
VOLTAGE
pOS.
OX+5,OY+9
.MACRO
COUPL
OX,OY
, COUPLING CELL
POS.
OX.OY
X=OX
'1'''''0'1'
, COUPLING eREAKER POS
OX+2.0Y+4
SWITCH
2.4
SWITCH
BUS
1 POS.
OX+4.0Y+2
SWITCH
4.2
SWITCH
ElIJ:;
2
POS.
OX,OY+2
SWITCH
0,2
.ENDM
The
p og am
line
wi h
VL
is
a mac o
call
o
a
Pe i
Ne whe e
he
line
ol age
is
simula ed.
The
gene al
p og am
o
a
mo
-
del
ha
only
akes
in o
accoun
he
be-
ha iou
o
he
swi ches
and
b eake s
is
gi en
in
he
ollowing
lis ing.
6
o
1.
2
,3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0074
0075
0076
0077
0078
0079
0080
0081
0082
00$3
0064
0085
0086
0087
OOss
00S9
0090
0091
0092
0093
0094
0095
0096
0097
0
1.
2
'I
L_,
,
COllF"L
CELLIN
CELLIN
CELLlN
CELLIN
CELLIN
CELLIN
COUPLU
CELLlll
CELLIU
CELLIU
CELLIU
CELLlIJ
CELLIU
X=O
¥=O
SWITCH
,
SWITCH
END
3 4
/ I
-
.J
PROGRAM
3.12
11712
22
..
12
33,.12
44,.12
55,12
66,12
3.10
11
. o
22,10
3::-!~
10
44,10
55,10
66.10
SwITCH
ells
1
76,.11
SWITCH BUS 2
78,1l
o
1.
2 3 4 5 6
,/
"
I
+
Figu e
4.
Coupling
and
1.ine
cel1.s
SC een
ep esen a ions
7
/
The
mlmlC
ep esen a ion
associa ed
o'
his
p og am can
be
seen
in
igu e
5.As
i
can
be
obse ed
his
model
only
con-
side s
he
isola ed
unc ionihg
o
he
main
elemen s
o
he
subs a ion_
Mo e
Pe
i
Ne s ha e been
de eloped
o
simu1a--
e
o he
aspec s
o
he
beha iou
o
he
p ocess.
As
an example.
le
us
conside
he
aul y
g ound
signals
gene a ion,
These
signals
a e
ob ained
a
ans o -
me s and
should
be
compu ed (by
he
si-
mula o )
aking
in o
accoun
he
aul y
lines
and
busba s
(decla ed
by
he
ope-
a o
ia
keyboa d
Signals)
and
opolo-
gical
conside a ions
(depending
on
he
s a us
o
he
ci cui
b eake s
and
line
swi ches).
Fo
his
pu pose
ou
in e -
nal
signals
a e
de ined.
These
signals
ep esen
a
aul y
g ound
ansm1 ed
o
one
o
he
ou
busba s.
and
a e
se
i
one
o
mo e
aul y
g ounded
lines
a e
-
connec ed
o
he
espec i e
busba
o
i
a
busba
g ound
signal
has been
se
by- he
ope a o .
To
ob ain
hese
signals
a
i-
ial
Pe i
Ne
wi h
ou
places
is
asso-
cia ed
wi h
each
line
cell.
The
aul y
g ound
signals
on
he
ans
-
o me s
a e
hen
easily
compu ed om
he
busba,s
aul y
g ound
signals
and
e
y
simple
opological
conside a ions
on
he
ans o me
cells
s a us.
4.2.
Hyd o u bine
powe
uni .
A model
o
a
hyd o u bine
powe
uni
has
been
de eloped
o
es
on
au oma a con -
olling
i s
s a . ing
up
.and
shu ing
-
down
p ocedu es.
TO
show' he
scope
o
~
model
le
us
suma ize
he
s a ing
up
p~
cedu e
aken
om
(3}.
A e
a
local
o
emo e
s a
up
o de
has been
ecei ed
and once
he
secu i y
condi ions
ha e been
checleed he
s a -·
ing
pl o
al e
is
ope a ed.
A e
ha .
he
limi e
o
he
hyd aulic
ac ua o
is
ese
o
he
no-load
posi ion,
he
ga e
appa a us
is
opened and
con ol
is
an~
e ed
o
he
au oma ic
synch oniza ion
-
equipmen once
he
gene a o
speed
is
:-
o. e a
po cen age
o .
i s
nominal
alue.
Thesecuence
o
ope a ions
In
he
no mal
shu ing
down
p ocedu e
is
p ac ically
he
same
bu
in
e e se
o de .
In
he
ca
se
o
an eme gency
shu
down
he
secuen~
ce
is
simple
as
mos
o
he
elemen s
o
he
uni
a e
u ned
o
a
he
same
ima
F om
he
au oma a
pOin
o
iew,
he
h
d o u bine
powe
uni
consis s
o
a
se
o
elemen s
ha
beha e
as
logical
sys-
ems. Fo example
he
oil
sys em
wi h
wo
inpu s
(ac i a ing
and
disac i a ing
he
oil
pumps) and one
ou pu
ha
is
-
se
a e
a ime
lag
which depends
on
-
he
oil
p eassu e
is
adecua e.
This
be-
ha iou
Is
e y
easily
mOdelled
wi h
a
wo
places
Pe i
ne .
The
beha iou
o
he
hyd o u bine
is
mo
delled
wi h
a
Pe i
Ne composed
o
a
doubled
linke~
chain
o
imed
places.
-
The
ou pu s
o
hese
places
co espond
o
he
speed
elays
o
0.5,
20,
90
% ,
and
o e s
peed and
he
e olu ion
o
he
ma ks
depending
on
he
al es
posi ions.
.
Va ious
ypes
o
ailu es
can
be
in o~.
duced
in
he
beha iou
o
he
model
ia
keyboa d
signals.
Fo
ins ance
keyboa d
signal
is
used
in
he
ansi ion
be-
ween
places
wi h
ou pu s
associa ed
-
wi h
20
and
90
%.
When
his
keyboa d -
signal
is
se
he
ansi ion
.is
no
a
llda ed
and a
ime
ou
ala m
should
be
p oduced In
he
au oma a.
O he
aspec s
o
he
uni
a e
modelled
his
way. The
•
11
{{
I
Figu e
5.
Subs a ion
Sc een
~1imic.
7
sc een
mimic
associa ed
wi h
he
model
-
can
be
seen
in
igu e
6.
Fo
hele
wo
examples
p esen ed,
he
c1
cle
ime has been
smalle
hen
0.2
se
-~,
conds. 60 h
o
hem
con aining
o e
400
places
and
abou
he
same
numbe~
o
aa
s1 ions.
CONCLUSIONS.
A
so wa e
simula o
o
modelling
boo-
lean
sys ems
bases'on
he
Pe i
Ne s -
desc ip ion
app oach has been implemen-
ed.
The
simula o
,allows
an
in e ac i-
e
ope a ion
ia
a
CRT,
which has p o -
ed
e y
help ul
in
he
cases
simula ed
o
inc ease
he
desc ip ion
powe
o
he'
lenguage,
ou pu
unc ions
a e
now
be ng
Impl emen ed.
,
."-'
.
-.:
,-
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.
The
au ho s
would
like
o
acknowledge -
he
help
o
he
Cia.
Se illana
de
Elec-
icidad
o
suppo ing
his
p ojec .Co
mmen s
by
M .
J.C.
Se ano,
J.
Colmene ~
F. Ma eo and J.'·Mon ane we e
especially
help ul.
REFERENCES:
1
Pe e son,J.L.
Pe i
Ne s,
A.C.M.Comp.
Su eys,
ol.
9,
n03
(1977),
223-251.
2
Oacl!n,
E.
and
Blancha d,M.,
Syn he-
se des Sys emes Logiques (Cepadues,
1976).
3 Ba zan
A.,
Au oma ion
in
Elec ical
POwe
Sys ems.(Mi ,
MoscOW,
1981).
,
....
~
, .
•
. I
---------------0--
--
------
----
- -- -
,
I'SYN~l"
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I~
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. (
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'DESL
•••
5X
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'V.RIECO
I111II111II
.CIRCUL.
-IHUND.
::::::::
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=
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~
.
____
.....,n-_~.ELECTRO
11111111111
-SOH
BAS
-
'B.REFR.
-LIHITADOR
_CARCA
VELOC.
Figu e
6.
Hyd o u bine
Sc een
Mimic.
8