Towa ds he in elligen diagnosis o hema ological diseases
Se gio Díaz-del-Pino, Robe o T elles-Ma inez, Es eban Pe ez-Wohl eil, Oswaldo T elles
In adi ional medicine, pa ien diagnosis usually implies an in dep h s udy o i s s a e and
symp oms ha a specialis has o ca y ou . The adap a ion and cus omiza ion o he medical
ea men o hose indi idual cha ac e is ics o each pa ien is wha we know as P ecision
Medicine. Howe e , he whole p ocess equi es se e al es s, analysis and adminis a ion
p ocedu es which in he end consumes ime and makes i expensi e o he public heal h
sys em. The e o e, he esea ch o new me hods ha assis s he specialis s could lead us o
educe no only he economic e ec o he p ocess bu he wo kload while p oducing mo e
accu a e diagnosis and be e quali y o li e o he pa ien s.
Fu he mo e, in he case o mul idisciplina y ields such as haema ology, he iden i ica ion o
se e al diseases usually implies complex analyses such as pe iphe al blood smea , capilla y
elec opho esis and ch oma og aphy, in o de o ha e a high deg ee o ce ain y in he
diagnosis. A be e unde s anding o he clinical es s and hei ela ionship and he inding o
new pa e ns be ween hem will enable us o a oid a signi ican amoun o such es s by
suppo ing he specialis wi h new in o ma ion.
In his line, A i icial In elligence has p o en o be a use ul me hodology o da a analy ics in
gene al whose main d awback is he need o huge amoun s o da a o achie e high
accu acy. In he pa icula case o clinical da a, i is widely gene a ed in hospi als bu he lack
o s anda diza ion and he di icul ies o a ailabili y equi e complex p ep ocessing.
The e o e, we ha e collec ed 100,000 comple e blood coun s (CBC) om he Hospi al
Clínico San Ca los (Mad id) and de eloped a me hod o 1) au oma ically label ex ual
diagnosis using deep neu al ne wo ks wi h Long sho - e m memo y cells. In his app oach,
a g oup o specialis s has manually labelled 1,000 CBCs h ough a mobile applica ion, which
ha e hen been used o eed he ne wo k in o de o lea n o in e p e he diagnosis, and 2)
o make an in elligen diagnosis o new samples in which a subse o 10,000 CBCs has been
used as an inpu o a Suppo Vec o Machine.
In summa y, in his wo k we p esen wo di e en p o o ypes o a chi ec u es in o de o
de ine me hods o he collec ion, p ep ocessing and in elligen classi ica ion o clinical da a,
ocusing in haema ological disease. Ou p oposal p esen s encou aging esul s wi h
accu acies g ea e han 90% in bo h cases.