Intercorrelation between selected tests of explosive power in lower extremities of female volleyball players

201 INTERCORRELATION BETWEEN SELECTED TESTS OF EXPLOSIVE POWER IN LOWER EXTREMITIES OF FEMALE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS Mojmí Š elzig, *Aleš Suchomel, **Václa Bi ne Technical Uni e si y o Libe ec Facul y o Science, Humani i es and Educa ion S uden ská 2, 461 17, Libe ec 1, Czech Republic [email p o ec ed], *[email p o ec ed], **[email p o ec ed] Abs ac The aim o his s udy was o e i y in e co ela ion be ween selec ed es s o measu ing explosi e powe o lowe ex emi ies o cade emale olleyball playe s. The p og am was applied o a g oup o playe s a he age o 15 - 17. Fo measu ing he e we e used s anda d mo o es s: e ical jump wi h an app oach (T1), s anding e ical jump (T2), s anding b oad jump (T3) and coun e mo emen jump (T4) on dynamome ic Kis le pla e Qua o jump Type 9290 AD. Co ela ion analyses we e p ocessed in p og am S a is ica 9.0 CZ. Selec i e ile eached ollowing esul s (mean ± s anda d de ia ion): T1 = 55,8 ± 3,7 cm, T2 = 43,3 ± 4,4 cm, T3 = 205,0 ± 16,6 cm and T4 = 41,0 ± 4,2 cm. The empi ical in es iga ion e ealed ha selec ed es s a e mu ually highly o e y highly dependen ( = 0,78 o 0,90). The lowes co ela ion ( = 0,78) showed a ela ionship be ween T1 es and T3 es . The highes co ela ion ( = 0,90) was ound be ween T2 es and T4 es . In oduc ion Muscle s eng h is e y impo an o mos spo games a he p esen ime. In olleyball, he le el o explosi e powe is he mos essen ial pa o mos playe skills and ma kedly in luences p ocess o spo pe o mance. Volleyball coaches de elop explosi e powe h ough many me hods applied in aning uni s. The e o e hey design aining uni s in o pe iods o a ious ampli udes (Lehne e al., 2009; Pe ič a Do alil, 2010, Bompa and Ha , 2005). A pa o hese plans a e con ol es s because o he coaches´s no i ica ion, how success ul hey and hei a hle es a e. The e a e se e al me hods measu ing o e i ying he le el o explosi e powe . We ha e chosen some o hem and ied o ind ou , whe he i is needed o do se e al o jus a speci ic one, and hen de i e he esul . Then we ied o ind ou which one is he mos app op ia e o use, and o coaches hemsel es. 1 The aim o ou s udy The aim o his s udy was o e i y in e co ela ion be ween selec ed es s o measu ing explosi e powe in lowe ex emi ies a cade emale olleyball playe s. 2 Me hods 2.1 Cha ac e is ics o selec ed sample The p og am was applied o a g oup o emale olleyball playe s a he age o 15 – 17. The body heigh and body weigh we e measu ed (see able 1). 202 Tab. 1 Sample cha ac e is ics Cha ac e is ics M SD Age (yea s) 15,8 1,29 Body heigh (cm) 175 7,6 Body weigh (kg) 68,4 4,6 No e: M = mean, SD = s anda d de ia ion S a is ical da a oge he wi h co ela ion analysis we e p ocessed in p og amme S a is ica 9.0 CZ. 2.2 Cha ac e is ics o selec ed mo o es s T1 - Ve ical jump wi h an app oach F ig. 1 Ve ical jump wi h an app oach echnique A p oband assumes a elaxed, ups andig posi ion wi h ee abou shoulde -wid h apa . A ms a e sligh ly lexed and held close o he body. Then he o she pushes o bo h ee simul aneously and ex ends h ough he hips o land on one oo ollowed wi h he o he one. A e ha he explodes upwa d, eaching o a a ge o objec (see ig. 1). T2 - S anding e ical jump F i g . 2 S anding e ical jump echnique A p oband akes an up igh posi ion wi h ee abou shoulde -wid h apa and a ms lexed holding hem close o he body. On a signal, he p oband squa s sligh ly and explodes upwa d, eaching o a a ge o objec (see ig. 2). 203 T3 - S anding b oad jump F i g . 3 S anding b oad jump echnique A p oband akes a elaxed, ups anding posi ion wi h ee abou shoulde -wid h apa . A ms a e sligh ly lexed and holded close o he body. The p oband bends one qua e - squa posi ion, keeping ches up and back la . He explodes di ec ly ou in on ying o each as a as possible (see ig. 3) T4 - Coun e mo emen jump on Kis le Qua o Jump Type 9290AD ( ig. 4) Qua o Jump p o ides an objec i e measu emen o o ce, powe and jump heigh . This o ce pla e measu es he e ical jump o ce which is analyzed wi h he compu e connec ed o sys em. I measu es he e ical o ce du ing he jump and ansmi s i o he compu e 500 imes pe second (Kis le , 2011). F i g . 4 K is le Qua o Jump Type 9290AD 204 F i g . 5 Ou pu in o ma ion Kis le pla e gi es us much mo e in o ma ion. The e is calcula ed accele a ion „a“ (m/s2), eloci y „ “ (m/s), jump heigh „s“ (cm) and powe „P“ (W/kg) om e ical o ce „F“ (N). In ou case he jump heigh is needed (see ig. 5.) F i g . 6 Coun e mo emen jump echnique The accu a e mo e echnique is demanded (see ig. 6). P ope ly pe o med coun e mo emen jump mus be done con inuously in cu es o pe o mance. The a hle es s and up igh in socks o ba e ee , as s ill as possible on he desk wi h hands on hips o a ew seconds. Jump is s a ing wi h s aigh legs and pe o ming a na u al lexion be o e akeo . The p oband jumps as high as possible, and as as as possible. A e ha he lands wi h no mal lexion and s ands s ill in neu al posi ion. 205 3 Resul s and discusion Tab. 2 Mean and s anda d de ia ion Tes M SD T1 – Ve ical jump wi h an app oach 55,8 3,7 T2 – S anding e ical jump 43,3 4,4 T3 – S anding b oad jump 205,0 16,6 T4 – Coun e mo emen jump 41,0 4,2 Body weigh 68,8 7,6 Body heigh 174,6 4,6 Selec i e sample eached ollowing esul s (mean ± s anda d de ia ion): e ical jump wi h an app oach 55,8 ± 3,7 cm, s anding e ical jump 43,3 ± 4,4 cm, s anding b oad jump 205,0 ± 16,6 cm and coun e mo emen jump 41,0 ± 4,2 cm (see ab. 2). Fo example esul s o s anding b oad jump is in acco dance wi h Měko a and Ko ář (1995) abo e he a e age o he popula ion a he age o 16 which anges om 193 o 212 cm. Resul s o s anding e ical jump and e ical jump wi h an app oach a e in acco adance Zháněl and Lehne (2003) also abo e he a e age o spo schools pupils a he age o 16. Thei pe o mance in a e age is 45,2 (T1) and 40,4 (T2). Tab. 3 Mul i es co ela ion Tes T1 T2 T3 T4 T1 – Ve ical jump wi h an app oach T2 – S anding e ical jump 0,86 T3 – S anding b oad jump 0,78 0,86 T4 – Coun e mo emen jump 0,85 0,90 0,87 Body weigh -0,25 -0,17 -0,40 -0,17 Body heigh -0,27 -0,23 -0,18 -0,26 The empi ical in es iga ion e ealed ha he selec ed es s a e in acco dance wi h Ch áska (2007) mu ually highly o e y highly dependen ( = 0,78 o 0,90). The lowes co ela ion ( = 0,78) showed a ela ionship be ween e ical jump wi h an app oach es and s anding b oad jump es . This is p obably caused by a g ea e p es e ch load in cal muscles. The highes co ela ion ( = 0,90) was ound be ween s anding e ical jump es and coun e mo emen jump es . This is because o a simila echnique he locomo o ask pe o mance (see ab. 3). In acco dance wi h Měko a and Ko ář (1995) we also ound ou ha co ela ion o selec ed es s wi h body weigh and heigh con i m he opinion ha subjec s a ec he es sco e o a small deg ee. Coe icien s ange om – 0,17 o 0,40. Based on p eceding esul s, we can a i m ha i a p oband has a signi ican esul in one es , he o she will alsoha e signi ican esul s in he ollowing es measu ing explosi e powe o lowe ex emi ies. Ne e heless, Kis le pla e gi es us much mo e in o ma ion in con as o mo o es s, such as powe , eloci y and accele a ion, as you can see in igu e 12, so i p o ides mo e de ailed in o ma ion o he coaches. On he o he hand, he p obands do no ha e immedia e eedback o hei pe o mance. 206 Conclusion The e is an in e es ing es ablishmen due o he coaching p ac ice ha he olun ee s showed a be e app oach o he implemen a ion o selec ed mo o es s, because o ecei ing immedia e eedback o hei pe o mance in compa ison wi h measu emen on Kis le pla e. The gene al alidi y o ou indings is necessa y o e i y on la ge examples. Li e a u e [1] BOMPA, T.; HAFF, G.: Pe iodiza ion – Theo y and me hodology o aining. Human Kine ics, Champaign, IL, 2009. ISBN 0-7360-8547-5 [2] CHRÁSKA, M.: Me ody pedagogického ýzkumu. Základy k an i a i ního ýzkumu. G ada, P aha, 2007. ISBN 978-80-247-1369-4 [3] LEHNERT M.; LAMROVÁ, I.; ELFMARK, M.: Changes in speed and s eng h in emale olleyball playe s du ing and a e a plyome ic aining p og am. Ac a Uni e si a is Palckianae Olomucensis. Gymnica, 39 (1), 59 – 65. [4] MĚKOTA, K., KOVÁŘ, R.: UNIFITTEST (6-60) Tes s and No ms o Mo o Pe o mance and Physical Fi ness in Qou and in Adul Age. Palacký Uni e si y, Olomouc, 1995. ISBN 80-7067-581-0 [5] PERIČ, T., DOVALIL, J.: Spo o ní énink. G ada publishing, a.s., P aha, 2010. ISBN 978- 80-247-2118-7 [6] KISTLER – measu e, analyze, ino a e. [online]. Wo ld Wide Web ci . [2011-01-15]. Dos upný z WWW: <h p://www.kis le .com/cz_cz-cz/Kis le Coun yHome_KCS>. [7] ZHÁNĚL, J., LEHNERT, M.: Analýza ýsledků es o ání mo o ických předpokladů žáků a žákyň spo o ních říd oce 2003. Zp a odaj Českého olejbalo ého s azu, 2004, 9, 19-20, 25 - 26. ________________________________________________________________________________ Mg . Mojmí Š elzig, doc. PaedD . Aleš Suchomel, Ph.D., Mg . Václa Bi ne 207 INTERKORELACE VYBRANÝCH TESTŮ EXPLOZIVNĚ SILOVÝCH SCHOPNOSTÍ DOLNÍCH KONČETIN U HRÁČEK VOLEJBALU Cílem p áce bylo o ěři in e ko elaci yb aných es ů explozi ně silo ých schopnos í dolních konče in u h áček olejbalu kade ského ěku. Tes o aný soubo ořilo 17 h áček olejbalu na ýkonnos ní ú o ni e ěku 15–17 le . K měření byly použi y s anda dizo ané mo o ické es y: dosah jedno uč ýskokem po smečařském ozběhu (T1), dosah jedno uč ýskokem z mís a (T2), skok daleký od azem snožmo (T3) a es coun e mo emen jump (T4) na dynamome ické desce ypu Kis le Qua o Jump Type 9290AD. Ko elační analýza byla zp aco ána p og amu S a is ica 9.0. Výbě o ý soubo dosáhl jedno li ých es ech následující ýsledky (a i me ický p ůmě ± smě oda ná odchylka): T1 55,8 ± 3,7 cm; T2 43,3 ± 4,4 cm; T3 205,0 ± 16,6 cm a T4 41,0 ± 4,2 cm. V ámci empi ického še ření bylo zjiš ěno, že yb ané es y jsou zájemně ysoce až elmi ysoce zá islé ( = 0,78 až 0,90). Nejnižší zá islos ( = 0,78) ykazo al z ah es u T1 k es u T3, nej yšší ko elace ( = 0,90) byla zjiš ěna mezi es em T2 a T4. AUSGEWÄHLTE TESTS ZUR KORRELATION DER EXPLOSIVKRAFT UND DER SPRUNGKRAFT DER UNTEREN EXTREMITÄTEN BEI VOLLEYBALLSPIELERINNEN Ziel diese S udie wa es, die Ko ela ion de ausgewähl en Tes s zu Messung de Explosi k a und de Sp ungk a de un e en Ex emi ä en bei Volleyballspiele innen im Jugendal e zu übe p ü en. Das Tes kollek i bilde en 17 Volleyballspiele innen im Al e zwischen 15 und 17 Jah en. Zu Messung wu den s anda disie e mo o ische Tes s genu z : Reichwei e eines e ikalen Sp ungs nach einem linea en Anlau (T1), Reichwei e eines e ikalen Sp ungs au de S elle (T2), Wei sp ung mi einem beidbeinigem Absp ung (T3) und de Tes des „coun e mo emen jump“ (T4) au de K a messpla o m om Typ Kis le Qua o Jump Type 9290AD. Die Ko ela ionsanalyse wu de in de P og amms a is ik 9.0 e a bei e . Die ausgewähl e Mannscha e eich e im Einzelnen olgende E gebnisse (a i hme ische Mi elwe ± S anda dabweichung): T1 55,8 ± 3,7 cm; T2 43,3 ± 4,4 cm; T3 205,0 ± 16,6 cm a T4 41,0 ± 4,2 cm. Im Rahmen de empi ischen Un e suchung wu de es ges ell , dass die ausgewähl en Tes s in eine hohen bis seh hohen Abhängigkei zueinande s ehen ( = 0,78 bis 0,90). Eine ge inge Abhängigkei ( = 0,78) zeig e das Ve häl nis des Tes s T1 zu T3, die höchs e Ko ela ion ( = 0,90) wu de zwischen den Tes s T2 und T4 es ges ell . INTERKORELACJA WYBRANYCH TESTÓW SIŁY EKSPLOZYWNEJ KOŃCZYN DOLNYCH U SIATKAREK Celem op acowania było sp awdzenie in e ko elacji wyb anych es ów siły eksplozywnej kończyn dolnych sia ka ek w ka ego ii kade ek. Badania p owadzono na g upie 17 sia ka ek wyczynowych w wieku 15-17 la . Do pomia ów zas osowano zes anda yzowane es y mo o yczne: dosięg jedno ącz w wyskoku po ozbiegu (T1), dosięg jedno ącz w wyskoku z miejsca (T2), skok w dal z wybiciem z obu nóg jednocześnie (T3) i es coun e mo emen jump (T4) na płycie dynamome ycznej ypu Kis le Qua o Jump Type 9290AD. Analizę ko elacyjną op acowano w p og amie S a is ica 9.0. Badana g upa osiągnęła w poszczególnych es ach poniższe wyniki (ś ednia a y me yczna ± s anda dowe odchylenie): T1 55,8 ± 3,7 cm; T2 43,3 ± 4,4 cm; T3 205,0 ± 16,6 cm i T4 41,0 ± 4,2 cm. W amach badań empi ycznych s wie dzono, że wyb ane es y są mocno lub ba dzo mocno ze sobą sko elowane ( = 0,78 až 0,90). Najniższą ko elację ( = 0,78) wykazał es T1 z es em T3, najwyższą ko elację ( = 0,90) s wie dzono pomiędzy es em T2 i T4.