Mon e Ca lo simula ions and n-p di e en ial sca e ing da a measu ed wi h
P o on Recoil Telescopes
N. Te ano a1,2,∗,O. Abe le3,V. Alcayne4,S. Amaducci5,6,J. And zejewski7,L. Audouin8,V. Babiano-Sua ez9,M.
Bacak3,10,11,M. Ba bagallo3,12,S. Benne 13,E. Be houmieux11,D. Bosna 14,A. S. B own15,M. Busso16,17,M.
Caamaño18,L. Caballe o9,M. Cal iani3,F. Cal iño19,D. Cano-O 4,A. Casano as19,F. Ce u i3,E. Chia e i13,20,3,N.
Colonna12,G . P. Co és19,M. A. Co és-Gi aldo20,L. Cosen ino5,S. C is allo16,21,L. A. Damone12,22,P. J. Da ies13,
M. Diakaki23,M. Die z24,C. Domingo-Pa do9,R. D essle 25,Q. Ducasse26,E. Dupon 11,I. Du án18,Z. Eleme27,
B. Fe nández-Domíngez18,A. Fe a i3,I. Fe o-Gonçal es28,P. Finocchia o5,V. Fu man29,R. Ga g24,A. Gawlik7,S.
Gila doni3,K. Göbel30,E. González-Rome o4,C. Gue e o20,F. Gunsing11,S. Heini z25,J. Heyse31,D. G. Jenkins15,E.
Je icha10,U. Ji i25,A. Junghans32,Y. Kadi3,F. Käppele 33,A. Kimu a34,I. Knapo á35,M. Kokko is23,Y. Kopa ch29,M.
K iˇ
cka35,D. Ku ulgil30,I. Lada escu9,C. Lede e -Woods24,J. Le endegui-Ma co20,S.-J. Lonsdale24,D. Macina3,A.
Manna36,37,T. Ma ínez4,A. Masi3,C. Massimi36,37,P. F. Mas inu38,M. Mas oma co3,13,E. Mauge i25,A. Mazzone12,39,
E. Mendoza4,A. Mengoni36,40,V. Michalopoulou3,23,P. M . Milazzo41,M. A. Millán-Callado20,F. Ming one3,J. Mo eno-
So o11,A. Musuma a5,6,A. Neg e 42,F. Ogálla 43,A. Op ea42,N. Pa onis27,A. Pa lik44,J. Pe kowski7,C. Pe one42,L.
Pie san i16,21,E. Pi o ano26,I. Po as43,J. P aena43,J. M. Quesada20,D. Ramos Do al8,R. Rei a h30,D. Rochman25,C.
Rubbia3,M. Saba é-Gila e20,3,A. Saxena45,P. Schillebeeckx31,D. Schumann25,A. Sekha 13,A. G. Smi h13,N. Sosnin13,
P. Sp ung25,A. S ama opoulos23,G. Taglien e12,J. L. Tain9,A. E. Ta i eño-Saldi ia19,L. Tassan-Go 3,23,8,B. Thomas30,
P. To es-Sánchez43,A. Tsinganis3,S. U lass3,32,S. Valen a35,G. Vannini36,37,V. Va iale12,P. Vaz28,A. Ven u a2,D.
Vesco i16,46,V. Vlachoudis3,R. Vlas ou23,A. Wallne 47,P. J. Woods24,T. J. W igh 13, and P. Žugec14
1Agenzia nazionale pe le nuo e ecnologie, l’ene gia e lo s iluppo economico sos enibile (ENEA), F asca i, I aly
2Is i u o Nazionale di Fisica Nuclea e, CNAF, Bologna, I aly
3Eu opean O ganiza ion o Nuclea Resea ch (CERN), Swi ze land
4Cen o de In es igaciones Ene gé icas Medioambien ales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT),Spain
5INFN Labo a o i Nazionali del Sud, Ca ania, I aly
6Dipa imen o di Fisica e As onomia, Uni e si à di Ca ania, I aly
7Uni e si y o Lodz, Poland
8IPN, CNRS-IN2P3, Uni . Pa is-Sud, Uni e si é Pa is-Saclay, F-91406 O say Cedex,F ance
9Ins i u o de Física Co puscula , CSIC - Uni e sidad de Valencia, Spain
10Technische Uni e si ä Wien, Aus ia
11CEA Saclay, I u, Uni e si é Pa is-Saclay, Gi -su -Y e e, F ance
12Is i u o Nazionale di Fisica Nuclea e, Ba i, I aly
13Uni e si y o Manches e , Uni ed Kingdom
14Depa men o Physics, Facul y o Science, Uni e si y o Zag eb, C oa ia
15Uni e si y o Yo k, Uni ed Kingdom
16Is i u o Nazionale di Fisica Nazionale, Pe ugia, I aly
17Dipa imen o di Fisica e Geologia, Uni e si à di Pe ugia, I aly
18Uni e si y o San iago de Compos ela, Spain
19Uni e si a Poli ècnica de Ca alunya, Spain
20Uni e sidad de Se illa, Spain
21Is i u o Nazionale di As o isica - Osse a o io As onomico d’Ab uzzo, I aly
22Dipa imen o di Fisica, Uni e si à degli S udi di Ba i, I aly
23Na ional Technical Uni e si y o A hens, G eece
24School o Physics and As onomy, Uni e si y o Edinbu gh, Uni ed Kingdom
25Paul Sche e Ins i u (PSI), Villigen, Swi ze land
26Physikalisch-Technische Bundesans al (PTB), Bundesallee 100, 38116 B aunschweig, Ge many
27Uni e si y o Ioannina, G eece
28Ins i u o Supe io Técnico, Lisbon, Po ugal
29Join Ins i u e o Nuclea Resea ch (JINR), Dubna, Russia
30Goe he Uni e si y F ank u , Ge many
31Eu opean Commission, Join Resea ch Cen e, Geel, Re ieseweg 111, B-2440 Geel,Belgium
32Helmhol z-Zen um D esden-Rossendo , Ge many
33Ka ls uhe Ins i u e o Technology, Campus No h, IKP, 76021 Ka ls uhe, Ge many
34Japan A omic Ene gy Agency (JAEA), Tokai-mu a, Japan
EPJ Web o Con e ences 239, 01024 (2020) h ps://doi.o g/10.1051/epjcon /202023901024
ND2019
© The Au ho s, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access a icle dis ibu ed unde he e ms o he C ea i e Commons A ibu ion
License 4.0 (h p://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/4.0/).
35Cha les Uni e si y, P ague, Czech Republic
36Is i u o Nazionale di Fisica Nuclea e, Sezione di Bologna, I aly
37Dipa imen o di Fisica e As onomia, Uni e si à di Bologna, I aly
38Is i u o Nazionale di Fisica Nuclea e, Sezione di Legna o, I aly
39Consiglio Nazionale delle Rice che, Ba i, I aly
40Agenzia nazionale pe le nuo e ecnologie, l’ene gia e lo s iluppo economico sos enibile (ENEA), Bologna, I aly
41Is i u o Nazionale di Fisica Nazionale, T ies e, I aly
42Ho ia Hulubei Na ional Ins i u e o Physics and Nuclea Enginee ing (IFIN-HH),Bucha es
43Uni e si y o G anada, Spain
44Uni e si y o Vienna, Facul y o Physics, Vienna, Aus ia
45Bhabha A omic Resea ch Cen e (BARC), India
46G an Sasso Science Ins i u e (GSSI), L’Aquila, I aly
47Aus alian Na ional Uni e si y, Canbe a, Aus alia
Abs ac . The neu on-induced ission c oss sec ion o 235U, a s anda d a he mal ene gy and be ween 0.15
MeV and 200 MeV, plays a c ucial ole in nuclea echnology applica ions. The long-s anding need o im-
p o ing c oss sec ion da a abo e 20 MeV and he lack o expe imen al da a abo e 200 MeV mo i a ed a new
expe imen al campaign a he n_TOF acili y a CERN. The measu emen has been pe o med in 2018 a he
expe imen al a ea 1 (EAR1), loca ed a 185 m om he neu on-p oducing a ge ( he expe imen is p esen ed
by A. Manna e al. in a con ibu ion o his con e ence). The 235U(n, ) c oss sec ion om 20 MeV up o abou
1 GeV has been measu ed ela i e o he 1H(n,n)1H eac ion, which is conside ed he p ima y e e ence in
his ene gy egion. The neu on lux impinging on he 235U sample (a key quan i y o de e mining he ission
e en s) has been ob ained by de ec ing ecoil p o ons o igina ing om n-p sca e ing in a C2H4sample. Two
P o on Recoil Telescopes (PRT), consis ing o se e al laye s o solid-s a e de ec o s and as plas ic scin illa o s,
ha e been loca ed a p o on sca e ing angles o 25.07◦and 20.32◦, ou o he neu on beam. The PRTs exploi
he ∆E-E echnique o pa icle iden i ica ion, a basic equi emen o he ejec ion o cha ged pa icles om
neu on-induced eac ions in ca bon. Ex ensi e Mon e Ca lo simula ions we e pe o med o cha ac e ize p o on
anspo h ough he di e en slabs o silicon and scin illa ion de ec o s, o op imize he expe imen al se -up
and o deduce he e iciency o he whole PRT de ec o . In his wo k we compa e measu ed da a collec ed wi h
he PRTs wi h a ull Mon e Ca lo simula ion based on he Gean -4 oolki .
1 In oduc ion
The 235U(n, ) c oss sec ion is conside ed as s anda d a
he mal neu on ene gy and be ween 0.15 MeV and 200
MeV [1]. I s impo ance in nuclea eac o applica ions
is o e whelming and, ypically, i is employed as a e e -
ence in ission c oss sec ion measu emen s, see Re . [2]
among he o he s. Despi e i s widesp ead use in many
ields, only wo measu emen s a e a ailable be ween 20
and 200 MeV [3, 4], and no expe imen al poin s exis o
neu on-induced ission c oss sec ions abo e 200 MeV. A
he neu on ime-o - ligh acili y n_TOF [5], ia an INFN-
PTB (Is i u o Nazionale di Fisica Nuclea e, Physikalisch-
Technische Bundesans al ) join expe imen al campaign,
he 235U(n, ) c oss sec ion om 20 MeV up o abou 1 GeV
has been measu ed ela i e o he 1H(n,n)1H eac ion [6].
Fission e en s o m se e al 235U samples ha e been de-
ec ed using ission chambe s and a se o pa allel pla e
a alanche coun e s (PPAC) [6]. To measu e n-p sca e ing
in p esence o an in ense γ lash and a con inuous neu on
ene gy dis ibu ion, h ee P o on Recoil Telescopes (PRTs)
we e speci ically designed. Since ission agmen s and e-
coil p o ons ha e been measu ed by di e en expe imen al
se -ups, e iciencies mus be p ecisely known and a ully
cha ac e iza ion o he de ec o s is manda o y. He e, we
p esen he model used o simula e he PRT sys ems em-
ploying he GEANT4 oolki [7]. Some p elimina y esul s
and compa isons o expe imen al da a o he wo o he
h ee PRT de ec o s o INFN concep ion a e also shown.
∗e-mail: nicholas. e ano [email p o ec ed]
2 De ec ion sys em o e iew
To measu e n-p sca e ing, h ee PRT de ec ion sys ems
we e placed in on o Polye hylene a ge s as shown in
igu e 1. In o de o co e a b oade neu on ene gy do-
Figu e 1. Expe imen al se -up o he 235U(n, ) c oss sec ion el-
a i e o 1H(n,n)1H.
main, he design p oposed in Re . [8] was ex ended o
mul i-s age sys ems wi h inc eased pa icle disc imina ion
po en ial. Two INFN-PRTs consis ing o se e al laye s o
solid-s a e de ec o s and as plas ic scin illa o s we e de-
signed o co e he whole neu on ene gy ange om 20
MeV o 1 GeV. The o me PRT, called he eina e INFN-
PRT-L, was o eseen o lowe ene gies ( om 20 o abou
200 MeV), being equipped wi h wo on al solid-s a e lay-
e s p eceding 4 s ages o plas ic scin illa ion ma e ial. The
la e (INFN-PRT-H) is made only o mul iple scin illa ion
s ages, since hin solid-s a e laye s would no con ibu e
o any de ec ion a highe ene gies. Bo h we e loca ed
in on o Polye hylene a ge s o di e en hicknesses,
2
EPJ Web o Con e ences 239, 01024 (2020) h ps://doi.o g/10.1051/epjcon /202023901024
ND2019
35Cha les Uni e si y, P ague, Czech Republic
36Is i u o Nazionale di Fisica Nuclea e, Sezione di Bologna, I aly
37Dipa imen o di Fisica e As onomia, Uni e si à di Bologna, I aly
38Is i u o Nazionale di Fisica Nuclea e, Sezione di Legna o, I aly
39Consiglio Nazionale delle Rice che, Ba i, I aly
40Agenzia nazionale pe le nuo e ecnologie, l’ene gia e lo s iluppo economico sos enibile (ENEA), Bologna, I aly
41Is i u o Nazionale di Fisica Nazionale, T ies e, I aly
42Ho ia Hulubei Na ional Ins i u e o Physics and Nuclea Enginee ing (IFIN-HH),Bucha es
43Uni e si y o G anada, Spain
44Uni e si y o Vienna, Facul y o Physics, Vienna, Aus ia
45Bhabha A omic Resea ch Cen e (BARC), India
46G an Sasso Science Ins i u e (GSSI), L’Aquila, I aly
47Aus alian Na ional Uni e si y, Canbe a, Aus alia
Abs ac . The neu on-induced ission c oss sec ion o 235U, a s anda d a he mal ene gy and be ween 0.15
MeV and 200 MeV, plays a c ucial ole in nuclea echnology applica ions. The long-s anding need o im-
p o ing c oss sec ion da a abo e 20 MeV and he lack o expe imen al da a abo e 200 MeV mo i a ed a new
expe imen al campaign a he n_TOF acili y a CERN. The measu emen has been pe o med in 2018 a he
expe imen al a ea 1 (EAR1), loca ed a 185 m om he neu on-p oducing a ge ( he expe imen is p esen ed
by A. Manna e al. in a con ibu ion o his con e ence). The 235U(n, ) c oss sec ion om 20 MeV up o abou
1 GeV has been measu ed ela i e o he 1H(n,n)1H eac ion, which is conside ed he p ima y e e ence in
his ene gy egion. The neu on lux impinging on he 235U sample (a key quan i y o de e mining he ission
e en s) has been ob ained by de ec ing ecoil p o ons o igina ing om n-p sca e ing in a C2H4sample. Two
P o on Recoil Telescopes (PRT), consis ing o se e al laye s o solid-s a e de ec o s and as plas ic scin illa o s,
ha e been loca ed a p o on sca e ing angles o 25.07◦and 20.32◦, ou o he neu on beam. The PRTs exploi
he ∆E-E echnique o pa icle iden i ica ion, a basic equi emen o he ejec ion o cha ged pa icles om
neu on-induced eac ions in ca bon. Ex ensi e Mon e Ca lo simula ions we e pe o med o cha ac e ize p o on
anspo h ough he di e en slabs o silicon and scin illa ion de ec o s, o op imize he expe imen al se -up
and o deduce he e iciency o he whole PRT de ec o . In his wo k we compa e measu ed da a collec ed wi h
he PRTs wi h a ull Mon e Ca lo simula ion based on he Gean -4 oolki .
1 In oduc ion
The 235U(n, ) c oss sec ion is conside ed as s anda d a
he mal neu on ene gy and be ween 0.15 MeV and 200
MeV [1]. I s impo ance in nuclea eac o applica ions
is o e whelming and, ypically, i is employed as a e e -
ence in ission c oss sec ion measu emen s, see Re . [2]
among he o he s. Despi e i s widesp ead use in many
ields, only wo measu emen s a e a ailable be ween 20
and 200 MeV [3, 4], and no expe imen al poin s exis o
neu on-induced ission c oss sec ions abo e 200 MeV. A
he neu on ime-o - ligh acili y n_TOF [5], ia an INFN-
PTB (Is i u o Nazionale di Fisica Nuclea e, Physikalisch-
Technische Bundesans al ) join expe imen al campaign,
he 235U(n, ) c oss sec ion om 20 MeV up o abou 1 GeV
has been measu ed ela i e o he 1H(n,n)1H eac ion [6].
Fission e en s o m se e al 235U samples ha e been de-
ec ed using ission chambe s and a se o pa allel pla e
a alanche coun e s (PPAC) [6]. To measu e n-p sca e ing
in p esence o an in ense γ lash and a con inuous neu on
ene gy dis ibu ion, h ee P o on Recoil Telescopes (PRTs)
we e speci ically designed. Since ission agmen s and e-
coil p o ons ha e been measu ed by di e en expe imen al
se -ups, e iciencies mus be p ecisely known and a ully
cha ac e iza ion o he de ec o s is manda o y. He e, we
p esen he model used o simula e he PRT sys ems em-
ploying he GEANT4 oolki [7]. Some p elimina y esul s
and compa isons o expe imen al da a o he wo o he
h ee PRT de ec o s o INFN concep ion a e also shown.
∗e-mail: nicholas. e ano [email p o ec ed]
2 De ec ion sys em o e iew
To measu e n-p sca e ing, h ee PRT de ec ion sys ems
we e placed in on o Polye hylene a ge s as shown in
igu e 1. In o de o co e a b oade neu on ene gy do-
Figu e 1. Expe imen al se -up o he 235U(n, ) c oss sec ion el-
a i e o 1H(n,n)1H.
main, he design p oposed in Re . [8] was ex ended o
mul i-s age sys ems wi h inc eased pa icle disc imina ion
po en ial. Two INFN-PRTs consis ing o se e al laye s o
solid-s a e de ec o s and as plas ic scin illa o s we e de-
signed o co e he whole neu on ene gy ange om 20
MeV o 1 GeV. The o me PRT, called he eina e INFN-
PRT-L, was o eseen o lowe ene gies ( om 20 o abou
200 MeV), being equipped wi h wo on al solid-s a e lay-
e s p eceding 4 s ages o plas ic scin illa ion ma e ial. The
la e (INFN-PRT-H) is made only o mul iple scin illa ion
s ages, since hin solid-s a e laye s would no con ibu e
o any de ec ion a highe ene gies. Bo h we e loca ed
in on o Polye hylene a ge s o di e en hicknesses,
a p o on sca e ing angles o 25.07◦and 20.32◦, espec-
i ely, ou o he neu on beam. The ∆E-E echnique has
been used o pe o m pa icle iden i ica ion and sub ac
he backg ound bo h om seconda ies p oduced by eac-
ions on Ca bon nuclei in he Polye hylene a ge , and om
spou ious ene gy deposi s due o undesi ed pa icles hi -
ing he de ec o sensi i e ma e ial.
3 Mon e Ca lo simula ion de elopmen
The e alua ion o he n-p sca e ing ob ained by A nd
and his collabo a o s [9, 10] was accep ed by he NE-
ANDC/INDC as a p ima y s anda d o c oss sec ion mea-
su emen s in he 20-350 MeV ange [11]. In Gean 4,
he applica ion de elope is called o di ec ly de ine he
physics o his own p oblem adop ing he physical mod-
els made a ailable in he oolki . To ob ia e such a com-
plexi y, e e ence physics lis classes a e al eady de ined
by Gean 4 de elope s o be easily included by use s o
implemen ing new applica ions. Un o una ely, no e e -
ence physics lis in ol es A nd da a. In igu e 2 se e al
Figu e 2. Compa ison be ween di e en physics lis s in Gean 4
o ene gy deposi ion in he i s solid-s a e laye o he PRT de-
ec o o 50 MeV neu ons impinging on he a ge .
e e ence physics lis s which a e a ailable in Gean 4 ha e
been compa ed o a use -de ined physics class including
A nd e alua ion. A simpli ied ∆E-E de ec o made o
one solid-s a e laye coupled o a plas ic scin illa o was
chosen o pe o m nuclea da a in es iga ions. The en-
e gy deposi ed in he silicon laye is lowe han wha is
ob ained using e e ence physics lis s (labeled wi h he
speci ic in a-nuclea cascade model chosen in hese p e-
de ined classes). The choice o Be ini, BIC (Bina y Cas-
cade) o he INCL (In a-Nuclea Cascade o Liege) does
no eally impac he ene gy peak heigh . The phase-shi
solu ion, a he basis o he A nd e alua ion, p o ides, in-
s ead, some signi ican disc epancies i used in place o
he had onic elas ic model o he CHIPS (CHi al In a ian
Phase Space) package used in Gean 4 e e ence physics
lis s. In es iga ions on he mos sui able physical models
as unc ions o he inciden neu on ene gy o e he whole
20 MeV-1 GeV domain is ongoing.
A de ailed Mon e Ca lo model o he INFN-PRTs includ-
ing he e e ence A nd da a o he only n-p sca e ing was
de eloped using he Gean 4 oolki [7]. The low s a is-
ics (only 25000 en ies in coincidence o he i s and
he second scin illa o o e 109neu ons simula ed) made
he compu a ion qui e ime consuming (abou 2 days on a
con en ional PC in single h ead o 109neu ons). Pa -
allel single h ead simula ions we e dispa ched on mul i-
ple co es o imp o e s a is ics and educe he compu ing
ime. Independen seeds we e gene a ed using he C++11
s d::seed_seq o ini ialize he Ranecu andom numbe gen-
e a o in Gean 4. Figu e 3 shows a sca e plo o 512 sim-
Figu e 3. Sca e plo o he ene gy deposi ion in he i s scin-
illa o o he INFN-PRT-L ( op). The ba ch a e age o 512 108-
neu ons simula ions is compa ed o a single 109-neu ons simu-
la ion (bo om).
ula ions gi ing he ene gy deposi ed in he i s scin illa-
o o he INFN-PRT-L de ec o . 108neu ons a 50 MeV
we e simula ed as p ima y pa icles o each un, sampled
om a 0.6-σ-Gaussian spa ial dis ibu ion. Ba ch a e -
ages and s anda d de ia ions we e calcula ed showing a
pe ec ag eemen wi h a single 109-neu ons simula ion
(whose unce ain ies we e es ima ed supposing a Poisson
dis ibu ion). This app oach allowed us o pe o m mul i-
ple single- h ead s able calcula ions and igo ous means o
quan i y unce ain ies o be p opaga ed du ing he pa icle
iden i ica ion p ocess. Va iance educ ion echniques a e
o eseen and hei implemen a ion is ongoing.
3
EPJ Web o Con e ences 239, 01024 (2020) h ps://doi.o g/10.1051/epjcon /202023901024
ND2019
4 Conclusions and Resul s
A Polye hylene (C2H4) a ge was used o maximize he
Hyd ogen con en in a solid a ge o de ec ecoil p o ons
om he 1H(n,n)1H eac ion. In o de o ex ac lux in o -
ma ion, a se o measu emen s, in he o iginal geome ical
con igu a ion in igu e 1, wi h Ca bon samples o equi a-
len hicknesses acing he neu on beam, we e pe o med
du ing he expe imen al campaign.
Using a simpli ied ∆E-E de ec o , he impac o undesi ed
con ibu ions coming om Ca bon nuclei in a Polye hy-
lene sample was es ima ed using Gean 4. 109neu ons a
Re . Physics Lis Any pa icle P o ons Deu e ons
Polye hylene
BERT 76700 ±300 76200 ±300 450 ±20
BIC 82600 ±300 82100 ±300 430 ±20
INCLXX 85800 ±300 83600 ±300 1970 ±40
Ca bon
BERT 6790 ±80 6120 ±80 610 ±30
BIC 13700 ±100 13100 ±100 530 ±20
INCLXX 17600 ±100 14900 ±100 2500 ±50
Hyd ogen
BERT 71583 ±300 71566 ±300 2 ±1
BIC 71582 ±300 71538 ±300 19 ±4
INCLXX 71600 ±300 71581 ±300 6 ±3
Table 1. Mon e Ca lo en ies in coincidence o a simpli ied
∆E-E de ec o , using a ge s o di e en ma e ials and se e al
physics lis s in Gean 4. Pu e Ca bon and Hyd ogen a ge s a e
made o ic i ious ma e ials ha ing nuclei densi ies which
co espond o hose in he Polye hylene a ge .
50MeV impinging on pu e Hyd ogen and Ca bon ic i ious
samples we e simula ed using di e en e e ence physics
lis s in Gean 4. Nuclei densi ies we e assumed iden ical o
hose con ained in he Polye hylene a ge . Table 1 shows
how he e en s in coincidence in he wo laye s o a simpli-
ied ∆E-E de ec o a e sys ema ically lowe han he sum
o he e en s ob ained using pu e Hyd ogen and Ca bon,
exhibi ing sel -shielding and a enua ion e ec s. Ex ensi e
Mon e Ca lo simula ions ha e being pe o med o cha ac-
e ize he INFN-PRT-L and he INFN-PRT-H elescopes.
A no able disc imina ion capabili y gi en by he mul i-
ple segmen a ion o he de ec o s has been p elimina ily
demons a ed o di e en neu on ene gies. Collec ing
signals in coincidence be ween se e al mul iple laye s al-
lows, in ac , o easily ecognize di e en seconda y pa -
icles coming om inelas ic eac ions on Ca bon. A ully
cha ac e iza ion o he de ec o s in e ms o de ec ion lim-
i s, expec ed punch h ough ene gies, in insic and global
e iciency is ongoing.
Backg ound calcula ions we e pe o med bo h o es i-
ma e he con ibu ions o he INFN-PRT-L o backsca -
e ed seconda y pa icles coming om he a ge in on
o he INFN-PRT-H elescope, and o in es iga e i pa i-
cles coming om he o me hinne sample may deposi
signi ican ene gy in he a hes elescope. No signi ican
con ibu ions we e obse ed o bo h he scena ios.
A ho ough compa ison be ween expe imen al da a and
Mon e Ca lo simula ions is unde achie emen . A p elim-
ina y esul showing Mon e Ca lo calcula ions and cali-
Figu e 4. Mon e Ca lo and expe imen al da a compa ison o
he ene gy deposi ion in he i s scin illa o o he INFN-PRT-L
de ec o ( o 50 MeV neu ons impinging on he a ge ).
b a ed expe imen al da a o he ene gy deposi ed in he
i s scin illa o o he INFN-PRT-L and o 50 MeV neu-
ons impinging on he a ge is gi en in igu e 4. Disc ep-
ancies can be obse ed o ene gies abo e 11 MeV. These
may be p esumably a ibu ed o deu e on ene gy deposi-
ions coming om eac ions on Ca bon, which may no be
co ec ly simula ed in Gean 4 using he a ailable physics
lis s.
Acknowledgmen s
The au ho s wish o hank he Na ional Cen e o he INFN
o Resea ch and De elopmen in In o ma ion and Com-
munica ion Technologies (CNAF) o hei compu a ional
suppo .
Re e ences
[1] A.D. Ca lson e al., Nuclea Da a Shee s 148, 143
(2018)
[2] Ta ío e al., Physical Re iew C 83, 044620 (2011)
[3] A.D. Ca lson e al., In e na ional Con e ence on Nu-
clea Da a o Science and Technology p. 518 (1991)
[4] R. Nol e e al., Nuclea Science and Enginee ing 156,
197 (2007)
[5] C. Gue e o e al., Eu opean Physical Jou nal A 49,
27 (2013)
[6] A. Manna e al., In e na ional Con e ence on Nuclea
Da a o Science and Technology (2019), o be pub-
lished
[7] S. Agos inelli e al., Nuclea Ins umen s and Me h-
ods in Physics Resea ch Sec ion A: Accele a o s,
Spec ome e s, De ec o s and Associa ed Equipmen
506, 250 (2003)
4
EPJ Web o Con e ences 239, 01024 (2020) h ps://doi.o g/10.1051/epjcon /202023901024
ND2019
4 Conclusions and Resul s
A Polye hylene (C2H4) a ge was used o maximize he
Hyd ogen con en in a solid a ge o de ec ecoil p o ons
om he 1H(n,n)1H eac ion. In o de o ex ac lux in o -
ma ion, a se o measu emen s, in he o iginal geome ical
con igu a ion in igu e 1, wi h Ca bon samples o equi a-
len hicknesses acing he neu on beam, we e pe o med
du ing he expe imen al campaign.
Using a simpli ied ∆E-E de ec o , he impac o undesi ed
con ibu ions coming om Ca bon nuclei in a Polye hy-
lene sample was es ima ed using Gean 4. 109neu ons a
Re . Physics Lis Any pa icle P o ons Deu e ons
Polye hylene
BERT 76700 ±300 76200 ±300 450 ±20
BIC 82600 ±300 82100 ±300 430 ±20
INCLXX 85800 ±300 83600 ±300 1970 ±40
Ca bon
BERT 6790 ±80 6120 ±80 610 ±30
BIC 13700 ±100 13100 ±100 530 ±20
INCLXX 17600 ±100 14900 ±100 2500 ±50
Hyd ogen
BERT 71583 ±300 71566 ±300 2 ±1
BIC 71582 ±300 71538 ±300 19 ±4
INCLXX 71600 ±300 71581 ±300 6 ±3
Table 1. Mon e Ca lo en ies in coincidence o a simpli ied
∆E-E de ec o , using a ge s o di e en ma e ials and se e al
physics lis s in Gean 4. Pu e Ca bon and Hyd ogen a ge s a e
made o ic i ious ma e ials ha ing nuclei densi ies which
co espond o hose in he Polye hylene a ge .
50MeV impinging on pu e Hyd ogen and Ca bon ic i ious
samples we e simula ed using di e en e e ence physics
lis s in Gean 4. Nuclei densi ies we e assumed iden ical o
hose con ained in he Polye hylene a ge . Table 1 shows
how he e en s in coincidence in he wo laye s o a simpli-
ied ∆E-E de ec o a e sys ema ically lowe han he sum
o he e en s ob ained using pu e Hyd ogen and Ca bon,
exhibi ing sel -shielding and a enua ion e ec s. Ex ensi e
Mon e Ca lo simula ions ha e being pe o med o cha ac-
e ize he INFN-PRT-L and he INFN-PRT-H elescopes.
A no able disc imina ion capabili y gi en by he mul i-
ple segmen a ion o he de ec o s has been p elimina ily
demons a ed o di e en neu on ene gies. Collec ing
signals in coincidence be ween se e al mul iple laye s al-
lows, in ac , o easily ecognize di e en seconda y pa -
icles coming om inelas ic eac ions on Ca bon. A ully
cha ac e iza ion o he de ec o s in e ms o de ec ion lim-
i s, expec ed punch h ough ene gies, in insic and global
e iciency is ongoing.
Backg ound calcula ions we e pe o med bo h o es i-
ma e he con ibu ions o he INFN-PRT-L o backsca -
e ed seconda y pa icles coming om he a ge in on
o he INFN-PRT-H elescope, and o in es iga e i pa i-
cles coming om he o me hinne sample may deposi
signi ican ene gy in he a hes elescope. No signi ican
con ibu ions we e obse ed o bo h he scena ios.
A ho ough compa ison be ween expe imen al da a and
Mon e Ca lo simula ions is unde achie emen . A p elim-
ina y esul showing Mon e Ca lo calcula ions and cali-
Figu e 4. Mon e Ca lo and expe imen al da a compa ison o
he ene gy deposi ion in he i s scin illa o o he INFN-PRT-L
de ec o ( o 50 MeV neu ons impinging on he a ge ).
b a ed expe imen al da a o he ene gy deposi ed in he
i s scin illa o o he INFN-PRT-L and o 50 MeV neu-
ons impinging on he a ge is gi en in igu e 4. Disc ep-
ancies can be obse ed o ene gies abo e 11 MeV. These
may be p esumably a ibu ed o deu e on ene gy deposi-
ions coming om eac ions on Ca bon, which may no be
co ec ly simula ed in Gean 4 using he a ailable physics
lis s.
Acknowledgmen s
The au ho s wish o hank he Na ional Cen e o he INFN
o Resea ch and De elopmen in In o ma ion and Com-
munica ion Technologies (CNAF) o hei compu a ional
suppo .
Re e ences
[1] A.D. Ca lson e al., Nuclea Da a Shee s 148, 143
(2018)
[2] Ta ío e al., Physical Re iew C 83, 044620 (2011)
[3] A.D. Ca lson e al., In e na ional Con e ence on Nu-
clea Da a o Science and Technology p. 518 (1991)
[4] R. Nol e e al., Nuclea Science and Enginee ing 156,
197 (2007)
[5] C. Gue e o e al., Eu opean Physical Jou nal A 49,
27 (2013)
[6] A. Manna e al., In e na ional Con e ence on Nuclea
Da a o Science and Technology (2019), o be pub-
lished
[7] S. Agos inelli e al., Nuclea Ins umen s and Me h-
ods in Physics Resea ch Sec ion A: Accele a o s,
Spec ome e s, De ec o s and Associa ed Equipmen
506, 250 (2003)
[8] V. Dangendo e al., Nuclea Ins umen a ion Me h-
ods A 469, 205 (2001)
[9] R.A. A nd e al., Physical Re iew D 35, 128 (1987)
[10] R.A. A nd e al., Physical Re iew C 50, 2731 (1994)
[11] IAEA, In e na ional e alua ion o neu on c oss-
sec ion s anda ds (2007)
5
EPJ Web o Con e ences 239, 01024 (2020) h ps://doi.o g/10.1051/epjcon /202023901024
ND2019