Meeting Points for Learning: Terragni and Rossi

Sp inge Se ies in Design and Inno a ion 23 Manuel A. Ródenas-López José Cal o-López Maca ena Salcedo-Gale a Edi o s A chi ec u al G aphics Volume 3 - G aphics o Educa ion and Though Sp inge Se ies in Design and Inno a ion Volume 23 Edi o -in-Chie F ancesca Tosi, Uni e si y o Flo ence, Flo ence, I aly Se ies Edi o s Claudio Ge mak, Poli ecnico di To ino, Tu in, I aly F ancesco Zu lo, Poli ecnico di Milano, Milan, I aly Zhi Jinyi, Sou hwes Jiao ong Uni e si y, Chengdu, China Ma ilaine Pozza i Amado i, Uni e sidade Fede al de San a Ma ia, San a Ma ia, Rio G ande do Sul, B azil Mau izio Caon , Uni e si y o Applied Sciences and A s, F ibou g, Swi ze land Sp inge Se ies in Design and Inno a ion (SSDI) publishes books on inno a ion and he la es de elopmen s in he fields o P oduc Design, In e io Design and Communica ion Design, wi h pa icula emphasis on echnological and o mal inno a ion, and on he applica ion o digi al echnologies and new ma e ials. The se ies explo es all aspec s o design, e.g. Human-Cen e ed Design/Use Expe ience, Se ice Design, and Design Thinking, which p o ide ans e sal and inno a i e app oaches o ien ed on he in ol emen o people h oughou he design de elopmen p ocess. In addi ion, i co e s eme ging a eas o esea ch ha may ep esen essen ial oppo uni ies o economic and social de elopmen . In fields anging om he humani ies o enginee ing and a chi ec u e, design is inc easingly being ecognized as a key means o b inging ideas o he ma ke by ans o ming hem in o use - iendly and appealing p oduc s o se ices. Mo eo e , i p o ides a a ie y o me hodologies, ools and echniques ha can be used a di e en s ages o he inno a ion p ocess o enhance he alue o new p oduc s and se ices. The se ies’scope includes monog aphs, p o essional books, ad anced ex books, selec ed con ibu ions om specialized con e ences and wo kshops, and ou s and- ing Ph.D. heses. The olumes o he se ies a e single-blind pee - e iewed. Keywo ds: P oduc and Sys em Inno a ion; P oduc design; In e io design; Communica ion Design; Human-Cen e ed Design/Use Expe ience; Se ice Design; Design Thinking; Digi al Inno a ion; Inno a ion o Ma e ials. How o submi p oposals P oposals mus include: i le, keywo ds, p esen a ion (max 10,000 cha ac e s), able o con en s, chap e abs ac s, edi o s’/au ho s’CV. In case o p oceedings, chai men/edi o s a e eques ed o submi he link o con e ence websi e (incl. ele an in o ma ion such as commi ee membe s, opics, key da es, keyno e speake s, in o ma ion abou he e iewing p ocess, e c.), and app ox. numbe o pape s. P oposals mus be sen o: se ies edi o P o . F ancesca Tosi ( ancesca. osi@unifi.i ) and/o publishing edi o M . Pie paolo Ri a (pie paolo. i a@sp inge .com). Mo e in o ma ion abou his se ies a h ps://link.sp inge .com/bookse ies/16270 Manuel A. Ródenas-López • JoséCal o-López •Maca ena Salcedo-Gale a Edi o s A chi ec u al G aphics Volume 3 - G aphics o Educa ion and Though 123 Edi o s Manuel A. Ródenas-López A chi ec u e and Building Technology Poly echnic Uni e si y o Ca agena Ca agena, Spain Maca ena Salcedo-Gale a A chi ec u e and Building Technology Poly echnic Uni e si y o Ca agena Ca agena, Spain JoséCal o-López A chi ec u e and Building Technology Poly echnic Uni e si y o Ca agena Ca agena, Spain ISSN 2661-8184 ISSN 2661-8192 (elec onic) Sp inge Se ies in Design and Inno a ion ISBN 978-3-031-04639-1 ISBN 978-3-031-04640-7 (eBook) h ps://doi.o g/10.1007/978-3-031-04640-7 ©The Edi o (s) (i applicable) and The Au ho (s), unde exclusi e license o Sp inge Na u e Swi ze land AG 2022 This wo k is subjec o copy igh . All igh s a e solely and exclusi ely licensed by he Publishe , whe he he whole o pa o he ma e ial is conce ned, specifically he igh s o ansla ion, ep in ing, euse o illus a ions, eci a ion, b oadcas ing, ep oduc ion on mic ofilms o in any o he physical way, and ansmission o in o ma ion s o age and e ie al, elec onic adap a ion, compu e so wa e, o by simila o dissimila me hodology now known o he ea e de eloped. The use o gene al desc ip i e names, egis e ed names, adema ks, se ice ma ks, e c. in his publica ion does no imply, e en in he absence o a specific s a emen , ha such names a e exemp om he ele an p o ec i e laws and egula ions and he e o e ee o gene al use. The publishe , he au ho s and he edi o s a e sa e o assume ha he ad ice and in o ma ion in his book a e belie ed o be ue and accu a e a he da e o publica ion. Nei he he publishe no he au ho s o he edi o s gi e a wa an y, exp essed o implied, wi h espec o he ma e ial con ained he ein o o any e o s o omissions ha may ha e been made. The publishe emains neu al wi h ega d o ju isdic ional claims in published maps and ins i u ional a filia ions. This Sp inge imp in is published by he egis e ed company Sp inge Na u e Swi ze land AG The egis e ed company add ess is: Gewe bes asse 11, 6330 Cham, Swi ze land Con en s Educa ion A New E alua ion o a New Teaching No mali y: P ac ical Example Applied o he Topog aphic Map Sys em ........................ 3 Víc o An onio La uen e Sánchez, Daniel López B agado, Se gio Alonso Alonso, and An onio Ál a o To desillas Ál a o Siza Viei a Malaguei a’s No ebooks: A Reading on he Rele ance o D awing o A chi ec u al Resea ch ............ 13 Ped o Guilhe me and Sofia Salema A chi ec u al G aphic Exp ession o He i age in he Academic T aining o A chi ec s. The Exhibi ion o he D awings ............. 22 Ma ía del Ca men Vílchez La a and Jo ge Gab iel Moline o Sánchez Compa a i e Analysis o Au oCAD Sc eencas s Applied o Technical D awing o Online Teaching ................................. 32 Juliane Sil a de Almeida and Nicole San ini Ba a o Co id-19 and Online Teaching: Impac on Academic Resul s in he Subjec s o A chi ec u al G aphic Exp ession a he Poly echnic Uni e si y o Ca agena ...................... 42 Ped o M. Jimenez-Vica io, Da id Na a o-Mo eno, Ma ía Mes e-Ma í, Ped o Ga cía-Ma ínez, Manuel A. Ródenas-López, and Ma ía JoséMuñoz-Mo a D aw (wi h) he Wo ld: Emb acing Mino Con en s Be ween he Disciplina y and he Con empo a y ......................... 51 Jose Ca asco Ho al D awing Places: New S a egies o Teaching A chi ec s o Ske ch .... 61 Sebas ian Ha is ix Ecology and Cos (i) Mopoli ics in he D awing Room: The Lines ha Expand he Limi s o A chi ec u e ............................. 71 Ángela Ruiz Plaza, A xu Amann y Alcoce , and Edua do Roig Sego ia E ching –Seamless Alignmen o Lines and Pa ches as Role Model o a G aphic Geome y as Design C osso e o Pixels and Vec o s in he Di ec ion o All-In-One Image Relie s ..................... 79 Niels-Ch is ian F i sche Explo a ion Models as C ea i e T igge s o Concep ualize A chi ec u e ................................ 87 Mónica Gómez Zepeda and Juan Ca los O iz Taba ez How o B eak Down D awing Pedagogies by Decoding Disciplines on a Classic Boa d ......................................... 98 Edua do Roig, A xu Amann, and Ángela Ruiz Implemen ing BIM in A chi ec u al G aphic Exp ession Subjec s in he Fi s -Deg ee Cou ses .................................. 107 JoséJa ie Pé ez, Ma ía Sende os, and Iñigo Leon Inside he Da k Came a: Co id-19 Home Confinemen as a Phenomenological Lea ning Expe ience Based on Obse a ion ... 115 Ángel Allepuz Ped eño, Jo ge Domingo G esa, and Pablo J. Juan Lapis Resiliency, h ough Analogic and Digi al D awing ............ 126 Lese i Massimo, Mo ena Sa a, and An inozzi Sa a Mee ing Poin s o Lea ning: Te agni and Rossi ................. 137 Ma ía del Ca men Vílchez La a Teaching he G aphic in Times o Pandemic. Cape Cod and he Bauhaus .......................................... 147 Jo ge Gab iel Moline o Sánchez and Juan F ancisco Ga cía No uen es The C ea i e Capaci y o Geome ic Objec s -poin and line- in A chi ec u e Teaching ............................. 157 Fe nando Manuel Alonso Ped e o and Ma ía del Pila Salaza Lozano The Model as a Teaching Expe ience: The Case o F ank Lloyd W igh ’s Uni a ian Chu ch (1905–1908) ........................ 167 Ma a Úbeda Blanco, Daniel Villalobos Alonso, and Sa a Pé ez Ba ei o The Ske ching Club as a Didac ic S a egy ...................... 178 F ancisco Xabie Goñi Cas añón and Inmaculada Jiménez Caballe o x Con en s Though Analog D awing –Digi al D awing. The A chi ec u al Vi ual Model as Mo e Than a Technological Implemen a ion ................... 191 Ja ie Fco. Raposo G au, Ma ía Asunción Salgado de la Rosa, Belén Bu agueño Diaz-Gue a, and Blanca Raposo Sánchez A chi ec u e, Ligh and Sequence o Falla’s Puppe Show .......... 201 Ma ía Te esa Ga cíaSánchez A iadne’s Th ead. Lines Towa ds A chi ec u al P ojec ............ 212 Ma ia Pompeiana Ia ossi, Daniela O eni, and Daniele Gio anni Papi Codi ying, En isioning, and Idea ing Th ough Da a on In o ma ion Based Designs ............................................. 223 Ca los L. Ma cos and Ángel J. Fe nández-Ál a ez C i ique o he A chi ec u al Compe i ion S imula ed by G aphic Exp ession: Semio ic Con e gences in he Rhe o ic o Judgmen P ocess........................................ 233 AsunciónDíaz-Ga cía Design by Hand in a Digi al En i onmen . D awing S o y elling and ICT De elopmen ...................................... 243 Juan Saumell, F ancesca Fa a, and Ma io Docci D awing in Siena: The A chi ec ’s Lea ning ..................... 253 Cla a Maes e-Galindo Fe nando Higue as, Expansi e Geome ies h ough Models ......... 261 Noelia Ce e o Sánchez Fi e Keys ones Vaul s Pa ame ic Model Gene a ion om Poin Cloud Da a ............................................... 271 Ma a Capone, Daniela Palomba, and Emanuela Lanza a Fla w i e Today. Towa ds F iedman’s U opia Th ough Gene a i e Design ......................................... 281 Ana Sánchez-Pé ez, Manuel A. Ródenas-López, and Ma ino Peña Fe nandez-Se ano Flexibili y o cGANs o Encode A chi ec u e Isome ics in Colou Pa e ns ......................................... 292 Diego Na a o-Ma eu, O iol Ca asco, and Ped o Co és Nie es F agmen , O e lap and Time. Ca lo Sca pa’s G aphic Memo y ...... 302 Lucía Balboa Domínguez, Albe o G ijalba Bengoe xea, and Noelia Gal án Des aux Con en s xi G aphic Analysis o he Pa en s and U ili y Models Regis e ed by Spanish A chi ec s Be ween 1950 and 1970 .................... 312 Fá ima Sa asola Rubio Pedagogy o P ac ical Lea ning in he A chi ec u al Idea ion and Communica ion ........................................ 322 Angelique T achana and Juan Ca los González O iz Pe cep ion and Phenomenology o Ligh and Colou in he A chi ec u e o Luis Ba agán........................... 333 Luis Na a o Jo e and Ca los L. Ma cos Alba Pos e mania.Talle de A qui ec u a and he Pos e as Manifies o ...... 342 Raquel Ál a ez A ce, Ál a o Mo al Ga cía, and Noelia Gal án Des aux Telling o Images. The “Cou o Ligh s”o Piazza Sca a illi in Bologna ............................................... 352 C is iana Ba olomei, Cecilia Mazzoli, and Ca e ina Mo gan i The Discu si e Cons uc ion in OMA’s Exhibi ions ................ 362 Ja ie Rod íguez Ga cía and Angelique T achana The Expe ien ial Time in he D awing o En ic Mi alles ............ 373 Humildad San iago Ped aza and Angelique T achana The Random Machine. G aphic Rep esen a ion Based on Mechanical Repe i ion .................................... 384 Ca los Campos and Alessand a Ci afici T adi ional and Inno a i e Tools o Planning Though . The P ojec o Town Hall in Ses o San Gio anni by Pie o Bo oni .............. 394 Ma ia Pompeiana Ia ossi and Cecilia San ac oce Whe e Do We S ep? The Ho izon is on he Ladde : Landscapes ha Lina Bo Ba di C ea ed in He D awings .................... 404 Ma a Sánchez-Llo ens and Fe mina Ga ido Au ho Index................................................ 415 xii Con en s Rossi p esen ed Cuneo's p ojec in 1962, oge he wi h Gian Ugo Polesello and Luca Meda. I is a cubic wo k measu ing 12 m on a side, which a ends o he place while ying o e oke he memo y o he eeling o e uge and e o o he I alian comba an s in he Second Wo ld Wa [9]. The s ai case, which is comp essed in he i ual o ascen in o he in e io o he cube, eaches a ho izon al pla o m om which i di ec s he gaze o he moun ains o Bo es, whe e he pa isan g oups ough in hei Resis ance o he Nazi occupa ion. The sec ion o he monumen , a s ai case ha ends in an elonga ed window like a fissu e ha looks ou in o he landscape, will be epea ed by Rossi in o he wo ks such as he Sand o Pe ini monumen in Milan, buil be ween 1988–1989. The s ai case is concei ed by Rossi mo e o i s seman ic han o mal alue, by gi ing i a powe ul meaning in i s a chi ec u e. The cube, as an ideal a chi ec u al o m [10], will be used again by Rossi, a e he p ojec o he monumen o he Resis ance, in he Modena ceme e y, buil be ween 1971–1978, in he Tea o del Mondo, epheme al a chi ec u e p esen ed o he 1979 Venice Biennale, o in he a o emen ioned monumen o Sand o Pe ini. Rossi's analogous hough in which his o y is emembe ed h ough he objec s o a ec ion (ogge i d’a ezione) ha memo y makes use o [11] is disco e ed in his p ojec . Rossi shows us he my h o he pa isans’ e uge, ec ea ing one o he ca es in his cube h ough he spa ial o ganiza ion and ou o he monumen . The commemo a ion o his o y hanks o a monumen ha allows us o unde s and he pas is wha gi es i i s own s a us as a monumen [12]. Fig. 5. Conical pe spec i e o he Pa igliani monumen , in Seg a e (EGA 1 s uden : López, P., 2020). 142 M. C. Vílchez La a The monumen al oun ain in he Plaza de Seg a e is one o he mos ep esen a i e monumen s o memo y o Aldo Rossi's a chi ec u e (Fig. 5). I is p esen in nume ous publica ions, exhibi ions and composi ions made by his I alian heo is and g ea hinke , such as, in he pain ing o A duino Can a o a en i led Analogue Ci y, which chai ed he A chi ec u e Sec ion o he XV T iennial [13]. Designed in 1965, i has ecen ly been es o ed by one o his disciples and collabo a o s, Gianni B aghie i [14]. The squa e, equipped wi h some s eps, appea s as an almos emp y space delimi ed by a wall wi h ew openings, es iges o columns eme ging om he g ound and he oun ain. This is made up o simple jux aposed olumes: a pa allelepiped ha lodges he s ai case, a cylinde and a iangula p ism, like a ympanum, h ough which he wa e ci cula es be o e being pou ed in o an elonga ed line o wa e . E en hough i is a mino wo k, i is capable o explaining he poe ics o he a chi ec u e o Rossi wi h special exp essi eness, h ough “a dense and olun a y combina ion o G eek simplici y, neo-enligh ened exal a ion, me aphysical plas ic sen imen and Co busian adhesion”[15] (p. 533). Rossi himsel would ecognize he exis ence o an upwa d mo emen in he whole o he squa e, p ojec ed as a podium, hea e , a public place pa excellence, a he same ime ha he jus ified he appea ance o he ympanum – he iangle–as “a o m e y pu e de i ed om classical a chi ec u e such as he column elemen ”[16] (p. 13). Pe e Eisenman will in oduce Rossi o he Ame ican public as he c ea o o a deep imagina y and will choose as he back co e o his book “Aldo Rossi in Ame ica: 1976 o 1979”a ske ch by Rossi o he Seg a e monumen oun ain, loca ed a a closeup [17]. E nes o Na han Roge s, di ec o o he Domus and Casabella magazines, exe ed a g ea in luence on a chi ec s such as Aldo Rossi wi h his in ense heo e ical co pus a ound he essen ial ole o his o ical consciousness in a chi ec u e and he eco e y o adi ion o he p og ess o cul u e [18]. Aldo Rossi was pa o he g oup o young a chi ec u e s uden s a he Milan Poly echnic, since he mid-1950s, which would be known as he “Gio ani delle colonne”[19], in hei commi men o ealism and his o ical adi ion as opposed o a ionalism and unc ionalism o he Mo imien o di S udi pe l'A chi e u a, de ended by Gianca lo De Ca lo as a con inui y o he fi s I alian Mode n Mo emen . The inno a ion and ein e p e a ion o he his o ical adi ion wi h o ms and ypologies o he pas , such as a ches and columns, a e closely linked wi h he collec i e memo y and he place. 4 Resul s and Conclusions The monog aphic wo ks esul ed in p oduc s ob ained om he sel -lea ning o he s uden s, supe ised by hei eache : a se ies o d awings and collages in A3 o ma , in addi ion o he physical models o he s udied e e en s, in which he ma e iali y and he scale o he monumen e e enced wi h espec o he human scale. These monog aphs o case s udies a e he p ac ical and di ec applica ion o he heo y augh in he subjec : he block o he Dihed al Sys em, which includes p oblems o esea ch exe cises, documen a ion, analysis, 2D iews, changes o plane and com- posi ion; o hogonal and oblique Axonome ies; Conical Pe spec i es; and, Shadows. Mee ing Poin s o Lea ning: Te agni and Rossi 143 Fig. 6. Dihed al iews o he penul ima e e sion o he monumen o Robe o Sa a i (EGA 1 s uden : González, R., 2019). Fig. 7. Dihed al iews o he penul ima e e sion o he monumen o Robe o Sa a i (EGA 1 s uden : Abdul, M., 2019). 144 M. C. Vílchez La a The p ac ices de eloped in he monog aphic wo ks achie ed no only ha he s uden s lea ned he undamen als o he di e en ep esen a ion sys ems and he g aphic codes ha a e used in a chi ec u al g aphic exp ession, bu we we e able o obse e ha as he s uden s we e able o con ol wha basic, hey we e paying a en ion o he es o he con en s and hey began o make he esea ch wo k and he p oposed g aphic expe ience o ally hei own, unique and pe sonal (Fig. 6, Fig. 7). Wi h he p esen a ion and co ec ion o he wo ks in he ace- o- ace sessions ca ied ou in he class oom, he s uden s lea ned o de elop cons uc i e c i ical hinking in addi ion o being awa e o he ways in which a wo k can be ead and ha e a special meaning wi hin he g aphic signifie ha shows. These wo academic yea s ha we ha e wo ked monumen s o memo y wi h EGA 1 s uden s, p ojec ed by Te agni and Rossi, ha e allowed us o disco e a se ies o mee ing poin s be ween hese wo I alian a chi ec s, belonging o di e en e as and poli ical ideologies. Among hem we s and ou : – he monumen linked o he eeling o collec i e memo y and o he place, –in e es in he pas , – he use o s one as he mos sui able ma e ial o exp ess he monumen ali y and ela ionship wi h he land, – he use o abs ac and ound geome ies, wi h pe ec symme ies, – he sculp ed s ai case as a powe ul composi ional elemen ha ele a es he body and he gaze, he incidence o ligh and shadows gene a ed by he a chi ec u e o he monumen (Fig. 8). Rega ding he pe cep ion o he subjec by s uden s, we conclude ha he linking o he lea ning o geome ic shapes and ep esen a ion sys ems o such significan a chi ec u al e e ences, cons i u es a mo i a ing elemen ha b eaks wi h he abs ac isola ion o he old Desc ip i e Geome y subjec , o which comes om EGA 1, while enhancing in e ac ion wi h o he disciplines o he deg ee in A chi ec u e, such as His o y o A chi ec u e and A chi ec u al Composi ion. The in e es in he sea ch o pedagogical and mo i a ing exe cises o he eaching o Desc ip i e Geome y, using ecognizable a chi ec u es and making he s uden eel he owne o his lea ning, has ecen ly been e idenced by au ho s such as Ál a o, Alonso and Gal án[20]. Fig. 8. Axonome ies wi h shadows o he monumen by Te agni (Le . S uden : Pa a, A., 2019) and o he monumen by Rossi (Righ . S uden : López, P., 2020). Mee ing Poin s o Lea ning: Te agni and Rossi 145 Re e ences 1. Vílchez La a, M.C.: G aphic app oaches o he i age om desc ip i e geome y: a eaching and esea ch expe ience. In: Agus ín-He nández, L., Vallespín Muniesa, A., Fe nández- Mo ales, A. (eds.) G aphical He i age. EGA 2020. SSDI, ol. 7, pp. 419–430. Sp inge , Cham (2020). h ps://doi.o g/10.1007/978-3-030-47987-9_35 2. Mo ales Bueno, P., Landa Fi zge ald, V.: Ap endizaje basado en p oblemas: p oblem–based lea ning. Theo ia 13, 145–157 (2004) 3. Mou sund, D.: P ojec –Based Lea ning Using In o ma ion Technology. 2nd edn. In e na- ional Socie y o Technology in Educa ion, Eugene (2002) 4. Man e o, E.: El labo a o io de Giuseppe Te agni. 2c: cons ucción de la ciudad 20–21, 56– 63 (1982) 5. Díaz Cabiale, L.M.: The Te agni’s idea o mass: analysis o he monumen o Robe o Sa a i. EGA Exp esión G áfica A qui ec ónica 25(39), 108–119 (2020) 6. Acos a, F.J.: Las ideas y los ins umen os específicos del p oyec o a qui ec ónico. Giuseppe Te agni en e a la o odoxia del Mo imien o Mode no. Uni e si a Poli ècnica de València, Valencia (2015) 7. Pesque a González, E.: La lección de Roma: Libe a, Ridolfiy Te agni. Uni e sidad Poli écnica de Mad id, Mad id (2010) 8. Vi ale, D.: Monumen alidad, simbolismo, aulicidad en la a qui ec u a de Giuseppe Te agni. DPA: Documen s de P ojec es d’A qui ec u a, ol. 18, pp. 48–55 (2002) 9. Fe e Sala, M., Ródenas Ga cía, J.F.: Memo y, legend and landscape: he monumen o he esis ance in Cuneo by Aldo Rossi. J. Res. Con emp. A chi . 10,8–23 (2020) 10. Lobsinge , M.L.: Tha obscu e objec o desi e: au obiog aphy and epe i ion in he wo k o Aldo Rossi. G ey Room 8, 38–61 (2002) 11. Rossi, A.: La a qui ec u a análoga. 2c: cons ucción de la ciudad 2,8–11 (1975) 12. Rossi, A.: La a qui ec u a de la ciudad. Edi o ial Gus a o Gili, Ba celona (1986) 13. Rossi, A., B aghie i, G., Raggi, F.: Sección de a qui ec u a de la XV T ienal. 2c: cons ucción de la ciudad 2, 12–15 (1975) 14. Sa i, V.: Res au o della on ana di Aldo Rossi a Seg a e e nuo a sis emazione u bana. A chi: i is a s izze a di a chi e u a, ingegne ia e u banís ica 1, 40–47 (2002) 15. González Capi el, A.: La con es ación al desa ollo mode no: el pensamien o y la ob a de Aldo Rossi. In: A qui ec u a eu opea y ame icana después de las angua dias, pp. 529–548. Espasa–Calpe, Mad id (1996) 16. Rossi, A.: Con e ències a l’Escola. Cicle A qui ec u a: P o essiói Cul u a. Annals d’a qui ec u a 2,6–26 (1983) 17. Ga cía Es é ez, C.B.: Tan ce ca, an lejos: Aldo Rossi y el g upo 2c: A qui ec u a, ideología y disidencias en la Ba celona de los 70. P oyec o, p og eso, a qui ec u a, ol. 11, pp. 104– 117 18. To es Cueco, J., Roge s, E.N.: Lea ning om his o y. Dea q 22, 56–57 (2018) 19. Fio elli, F.: I gio ani delle colonne, adición y con inuidad an e li e am. Cuade nos de P oyec os A qui ec ónicos 5, 12–21 (2014) 20. Ál a o-To desillas, A., Alonso-Rod íguez, M., Gal án Des aux, N.: The geome ic cas - shadows o he mo i a ion e ie al. In: Ma cos, C.L. (ed.) EGA 2018, pp. 1131–1140. Sp inge , Cham (2019). h ps://doi.o g/10.1007/978-3-319-93749-6_93 146 M. C. Vílchez La a