V. Mykolaičio-Putino literatūrologijos terminai su „-inis“, „-ė“ formos dėmenimis

Alvydas SHADOW Institute of Lithuanian Language V. MYKOLAICIO-PUTINO LITERATUROLOGY DEADLINES SU -INIS, -E FORMS DEMENIMIS In this article we want to look at terminology | much forgotten field of literary science — terminology, more precisely one type of į terms in this field compound terms, the coordinating — focus of which is expressed by an adjective su -inis, -ė. The material for the work was collected iš V. "Mykolaitis-Putinas Literary Texts". The author’s choice slowly, that wanted limited research mė material and aimed to look at the texts of the first half of this century, 1 o V. Mykolaitis-Putinas is one of the most prominent literary iš scholars of the to period. Since the material is collected ne iš dictionaries, o iš texts of one author, is ji not very abundant. Found a 191 composite term of literature, one or more of the dependent elements of which are du expressed by adjectives su -inis, -ė. This number shows the total number of word combinations, the words that go through the main dependent o element are fewer because some of the ar elements are repeated in the terms. The variable dependent accent, when the principal remains the same, indicates species terms (reflects the species of the denotative). For example: egocentric (NLL 41, R VIII 356) // natural (R VIII 444) // conceptual (R VIII 344) // individual (NLL 41, R VIII 356) // confessional (NLL 41) // patriotic (NLL, LE 86, R VIII 325) // pseudoenthusiastic (R VIII 362) Lyrika. Iš the focus of these terms too can be made -inis, derivative, -ė which becomes the dependent element of other terms, names the species concepts of the ir denotations. tų Example: lyrical description NLL 36, lyrical song LE 113, lyrical dialogue VD 39, lyrical poem R VIII lyrical 11, hero R VIII lyrical 310, impression lyrical LE 213, experience R VIII 11, Lyrical Introduction NLL 269, lyrical work R VIII 206, Lyrical Works R VIII lyrical 356, mood lyrical Abbreviations VD 43, of sources ! explained at the end of the work; in text, Arabic numbers next to abbreviations indicate pages; Roman numerals next NLL stands for introduction pages (as in the original). There was an attempt to capture po one (usually first) use of the term in a book. 78 poetry R VIII 321, Lyrical Prose LE 213. Such terms from others (free) word combinations differ in particular in that they can perform the communicative function completely independently; In other words, the adjective that runs the term is more defined in terms of meaning than the freely functioning adjective. In terms of structure, available terms with -inis, -ė can be divided into two groups: two-word three-word terms (terms having more than į ir du -inis, form -ė markers in the study material not found). Biword terms make up the majority are — jų trizodziy 175, only — 16 (terms, contents and du -inis, form -ė adjectives; compound terms having -inis, -ė ir other forms of dependent elements, are not discussed, because their structure is different and they are examined differently). The usage of terms with -inis, -ė is very varied. Many of these -inis, -¢ derivatives are derived from single-word terms. Single-word literary terms are mostly non-Lithuanian (available data show that about 10% of 7096 V. Mykolaitis-Putinas’s literary terms are of non-Lithuanian origin), so it is not surprising that even 150 of the two-word terms with -inis, -ė in their base root are not Lithuanian. There are three main types of tų roots: non-derived, conjugated, and prepositional. Unfortunne ately, in all cases it is easy to determine whether the stem is consonant or non-consonant. It is possible to see even peculiar ways of making (see below). In some non-Lithuanian nouns with -inis, -ė the root is clearly non-derived (more precisely, it functions as a primary in Lithuanian, but in the language of origin it may be a derivative- ). It is usually based on a noun. For example: choréic (: choréjas) line R VIII 177, dactyl dactilis) ending (: NLL 306, draminis (: drama) darbas R VIII epic 336, epic) (: song LE 158, feljetonas) (: poem R VIII 450, idėjinė (: idėja) lyrika R VIII 344, individual (: individual) lyric NLL 41, R VIII yambi 444, jamb) (: chanting R VIII 180, cantata (: cantata) form NLL 252, Metaphoric (: Metaphor) style R VIII 468, patriotic (: patriot) lyric NLL 5, LE 86, R VIII 325, proletarian (: proletarian) poetry R VIII 446, satirical satire) image (: NLL 316, symbolic (: symbol) drama 79 R VIII 400, strophic (: strophe) form NLL 252, tonal (: tone) meter R VIII 346. Some non-Lithuanian -inis, -ė Vedic are based on an adjective. For example: abstract (: abstrakti) creation VD 40, cross (: kryžmas- *) consonant R VIII 175. Any word with -inis, -¢ may not have a base word in Lithuanian. For example, the terms silabiné eiléedara NLL 173, the syllabic metric R VIII 345 point silabiné is based on the Greek syllabe (syllable), but the latter word has no Lithuanianized variant now. Therefore, syllabic, -ė is considered to be a suffix of a verbified word. Not quite usual is also the dependent accent of two-word terms with an underived basic root dramatinis, -ė. Formally synchronously in Lithuanian it is considered a derivative of drama, but dramat-is the root of the Greek word (Gr. drama, dramatos). For example: dramatic conflict VD 27, dramatic literature NLL 411, LE 161, dramatic trilogy LE 200, VD 47. This indicates that the derivative is not made directly in Lithuanian, but is taken from another language. The Lithuanian variant is dramatiškas, -ė. Especially peculiar are the dependent elements of non-Lithuanian adjectives with -inis, -ė forms, which have a prepositional root. The analysis of the construction of these terms is somewhat unusual, because the suffix of the root does not always pass to the derivative. For example, all detailed grammars mention that when making suffixes -inis, -ė adjectives from international words with formants -ij-, -ik-, these formants are usually omitted (e.g., DLKG, 210; LKG I, 573). This phenomenon is relevant in terminology. The study material contains a number of two-word terms, the dependent focus of which has lost the aforementioned formats. For example, missing the formant -ij-: agitative (: agitatio) literature LE 124, allegorical (: allegory) representation VD 20, biblical (: biblija) narrative LE 214, emotional (: emocija) lyric R -VIII 344, philosophical (: filosofija) aphorism NLL 129, historical (: istorija) tragedy LE 211, religious (: religion) hymn NLL 135, R VIII 252. * The noun kryžma can also be considered a base word. 80 Multiple elements ir su in skipped control -ik-, e.g. analytical analytics) (: description NLL 32, didactic (: didactics) prose NLL class 46, classics) (: form NLL 252, lyrika) (: hero R VIII 310, rhetoric- (: al rhetoric) style R VIII 143, Romantic (: Romance) poetry NLLS, LE 74, political (: politics) satire NLL 162, LE 213 ir kt Sometimes a different ir formant is omitted, e.g.: decadentiné decadentism- (: e) literature R VIII 446. Démenj romantic, -ė formally ir semantically can also be derived ir iš romance, ir iš romanticism. Su The work associated with such abbreviation can be considered as a distinct variant of wordwork called disintegrative ir work.” But, according to V. According to Urbutis, it would be most appropriate not to consider this phenomenon as a specific way of working, but to assign it to the side o phenomena of working to talk about the type of work, about disintegrated ir basic stems ne (Urbutis V. 1978, 206). 0 In the context of these literary terms, it would be useful to mention the concept of the “site trunk”. Obviously, some adjectives ir su -inis, basic -ė root does not use suffixes, so it can end in be alegor-, bibl-, emoc-, lyr-, polit-, romant-, ma tragedkt. ir sieve trunks. As primary, they do not function independently in Lithuanian. Part -inis, -ė derivatives having a suffix root, as different as they retain — the ir suffix root in the derivative (or one of two). iš A large group consists of -inis, -ė derived, having iš the suffix of the root -ist-. For example: fictional work R VIII 49, humoristic feature R VIII 450, publicistic polemic LE 211, stylistic tool NLL 36. But they all ir have a disintegrated base trunk, lost the formant -ik-, plg. : fiction fiction- — * Adjectives can be linked ir su analysis, but an uncharacteristic z:t change would indicate that the analytic is directly derived iš from another ir language only later associatsu ed with the word analysis. 4+ See. Urbutis V. 1978, 125. V. Urbutis agrees ir su P. Zvolinski's proposed term of disintegrative (disintegrative) derivation (also, p. 204—205). > Sietiniu (or related) strain is a strain that is different from the independent (free) in that one same word (and changing) trunk does not ir always go (as primary stem) with suffix, prefix other su stem tika, humoristic ar humor. (Urbutis V. 1978, 121). 81 — The iš characterization of the novelist as a humorist is doubtful in terms of the work's significance. Some adjectives su -interpretation is much more complicated. For example: impressionist style LE 213, Positivist realism NLL 382, realistic work VD 45, socialist poetry R VIII 446. Formally, these adjectives have the root of the nouns denoting the names of persons (impressionist, positivist), but semantically they are derived from impressionism, positivism. It should not be forgotten that the relationship between the iš origin of the words impressionism impressionist type is not ir completely — clear, sometimes there is a mutual motivation (Urbutis V. 1978, 127). It is difficult to explain from the Lithuanian iš point of view, where in the adjective su -inis, -ė appears -ist-, all the more so that suffixes -inis, -ė adjectives are not iš made of nouns with a distinct constructive structure (one obstacle), meaning the names of ir the characters (second obstacle) (Screaming) P. 1976, 19-20). So it is very likely that these adjectives have come directly from other languages iš (grammarically ti su overlapping preposition) -inis, -ė) the search ir for the base word is only a formal matter. In two -inis, in -ė vedini the base trunks have suffixes -acija, -encija (such suffixes are given DLKG, 99 ir etc.), e.g.: dedication dedication) poem (: R VIII 449, correspondence) (: style NLL 163. Stains remain in the veins -ac-, -enc-. This makes us think, shouldn't we ar see two suffixes or -acija, -encija treat as extended (or compound) suffixes’. In this case, we should probably state that -inis, in the -ė derivative half of the suffix disappears due to disintegration. This would confirm the idea that -ij- (card ir -ik-) is omitted both ne as a morphological and as a phonetic element, forming a consonant of uncomfortable articulation (Screaming) P. 1976, 21). That in the terms of the investigated material non-Lithuanian dependent accent su -ic, with an -ė undisintegrated base trunk, is rare. This is only quite common elements classical, classica), -ė (: literary, -ė literature), having (: suffixes ir -ur-, -ik-. For example: classical $ Such suffixes have been mentioned by V. Urbutis (1978, 216-219). 82 literature R VIII 245, classical poetry R VIII Literary 425, Letter NLL literary 7, romanticism literary LE 72, sketch NLL literary V, genre LE 47. To be mentioned separately -inis, Vedic, -ė whose root is a prepositional adjective. Į derivative passes non-Lithuanian adjective formant -al-". For example: (: musical musical) play NLL 415, original (: (original) literature R VIII 403, sentimentalinė (: sentimentali) melodrama LE 30. Now these derivatives are unusable (KPP, 18-19, 96— 97); Iš two-word V. Mykolaitis-Putin literature terms with non-Lithuanian dependent elements su -inis, -ė, a separate group consists of terms -in, lead? -ė is based on a non-Lithuanian word, close to prepositional derivatives (or stitches). Example: auto-analytical poem R VIII 328, autobiographical work R VIII 420, Egocentric Poem R VIII 334, pseudo-enthusiastic lyricism R VIII 362, Pseudoclassical poetry NLL 5. But ir these -inis, vedic all -ė have a disintegrated root. Lithuanian dependent domains su -inis, in the -ė two-word terms of the research material there are few terms with such a dependent — object 25 su (with non-Lithuanian was 150). Mostly Lithuanian -inis, -ė derived V. In the texts of Mykolaitis-Putinas, nouns are made. Substantial iš nouns are unequal. "Creative Writing: The Art of Writing" (PDF). (: VD 48, (: R VIII social 374, society) (: lyric NLL 292, natūrali (: gamta) lyrics R 8th 444, Confessio- (: n) lyric NLL 41, R VIII 356, ir primary, e.g.: syllable (: syllable) versera R VIII 176, tautinis (: tauta) epic LE 151. There is also a distinct baseline of the final nouns. For example: (: fictional beauty) literature " We could talk about a compound suffix -alinis, -ė, but in these cases formant -allabiau belongs to the base word. Only theatrical dramaturgy LE 222, apparently, made theater, iš o ne iš a ar theatrical theatre. * Considering these elements as derivatives of prepositions would be incorrect, because they are very rarely iš made by derivative be adjectives; the chosen method of action is based on ir the meaning of the action. 83 R VIII main 393, ground) (: actor R VIII 202. Multiple - ints, Vedic -ė base is prefixed (global (: world) literature NLL III, VIII R 42) ar compound noun (poetic poetry) (: system R VIII folkloric 140, folklore) (: element R VIII 527). Lithuanian -inis, Vedic, -ė made of other iš parts of the language, in the study material completely rare. There is one po term, whose dependent focus is based on the passive past participle, pronoun verb conjugation: verstiniai verstas) writings ar (: R VIII 164, universal (: all) literature R VIII 426, reading (: read") drama LE 222. But in the last two terms already need to allocate a suffix ne -inis, -ė, its 0 variants -uotinis, -ė, -tinis, -ė. Three-word literary terms (with two -inis, -¢ adjectives) in the study material was found only 16. Term elements have iš essentially the same adjectives as two-word terms ir (many non-Lithuanian, the same problems of making). Most of the time, both (10) certificates have a non-Lithuanian root. For example: agitation revolutionary song NLL 202, dialogic-dramatic form LE 112, emotional rhetorical style NLL7, an epic dramatic scene NLL 39, historical patriotic nė tragedy NLL literary 415, dramatic genre VD 77, metric classical poetry NLL 173, opposition political poem R VIII 432, Propaganda patriotic literature NLL tonal 366, choreographic meter R VIII 177. Much less frequently, one mark has a Lithuanian, the other a non-Lithuanian o root, e.g.: natural-patriotic allegory (5), NLL love 39, erotic lyric NLL 212, R VIII 356, National patriotic ideology NLL tonal 3, syllable order R VIII Public 140, patriotic song LE 10. Only in one case are both marks Lithuanian: book poetry metrics R VIII 369. Talk about V. Mykolaitis-Putin literary term elements su -inis, -ė meaning is quite problematic. Although adjectives su " It cannot be ruled out that the reader relies on the participant (read), but according to the meaning of the verb, it seems more acceptable communicate — “read only”. 84 -inis, -ė meanings have been studied extensively, most often adjectives of Lithuanian origin are analyzed, about o adjectives with non-Lithuanian root, ką often silenced, limited to just one other example. It is known that adjectives su -inis, -ė meaning derives iš from the Vedic base word, but at the same time is closely ir related to the word su to which the adjective belongs" (in this case, this would be the main focus of the term) (Groaning P. 1976, 56-59). When these elements mean specific things, it is easier to talk about meanings, but V. Mykolaitis-Putin literature terms are usually of non-Lithuanian origin and mean abstract concepts, therefore, the ir su -inis, -ė meaning, based on the relation of su the Vedic ir with the base dependent word, is difficult, there are no clear semantic types. Operating with abstract, strictly ir undefined concepts, it is not easy to va ir strictly delimit functionir al lexical meanings. Nevertheless, in the study material, several areas can be distinguished su -inis, -ė meanings of types, namely: 1. Adjectives indicating the composition, structure, principle of ko formation of the part expressed by the main term — ‘made up of iš to (that principle), indicates ką the reference word’. (These adjectives come a little closer to the typical generalized adjectives su -inis, -ė material meanings.) For example: choreic "composiš ed choreographers" line R VIII dactyl 177, NLL 306, jambini quatuor NLL pair 255, consonant ‘pair-based’ R VIII syllable 175, metric R VIII Tone 370, Line nė Making R VIII 140. This type can be approached by adjective ir adjectives cross — "cross, formed by crosses" rhyme R VIII 12. Semantically, this type can be assigned to the terms ir syllabic sequence NLL 173, R VIII 140, syllabic metric R VIII Although 345, the syllabic kadandėmė gi in Lithuanian does not have a base word, it is not possible to talk about the meaning of the action. The attribution would be based on lexical This relationship is 0 essentially based on all iš adjectives su -inis, -ė meaning classification. For example: : Skardžius P. 1943, 246-253; Valeckienė A. 1957, 257-270; LKG I, 568-571; Gaivenis K. 1975, 70-85; In a squeaky P. 1976, 59-85; DLKG, 210-215. 85 sense; since we understand that the syllable is = syllable, the principle of analogy works. 2. Adjectives that indicate the purpose of the thing expressed by the main word of the term — "intended for what was said by the base word". For example, "a" is used to indicate a literary LE 124, character. R VIII 498, Didactic Poem R VIII 133, Wedding Song R VIII 23. 3. Adjectives that indicate the object of the subject — "descriptive, taking a motive, directed į what is said by the reference word". For example: natural "about nature" poetry NLL 31, R VIII 239, historical drama “by the motives of history” NLL 17, LE 9, political satire NLL 162, LE 213, social lyricism NLL 292. 4. Adjectives that indicate the belonging of the thing said by the main word — "belonging to what was said by the base word". A typical form of expression of belonging is the originator. By adjective su -inis, expresses a -ė weaker relationship of dependence, sometimes the relationship of dependence is not very clear. In the most obvious cases, an adjective transformation into adjective is possible. į The meaning, you can say, remains unchanged. For example, literary genre LE 140 = literary genre. In the research material, adjectives of this type often express belonging to a certain field, genre, e.g.: fictional style NLL 46 (cf., fictional style), biblical style R VIII 535, poetic system R VIII 140, folkloric element R VIII 449, cantatic form NLL 252, classical literature R VIII 245, correspondence style NLL 163, creative method VD 48, literary work VD 40, world literature NLL III, R VIII 42, poetic means R VIII 189, stylistic means NLL 36, folkloric element R VIII 527. In literary studies, quite often an adjective with -inis, -ė also indicates belonging to a certain current, direction, e.g.: decadent lyricism LE 216 (cf., lyricism of decadence), impressionist style LE 213, realistic work VD 45, romantic poetry NLL 5, LE 74, socialist poetry R VIII 446, soviet literature R VIII 374. This can be a person or a collective, such as in the national epic LE 151. 86