Terminas prie termino. IV

160 Jonas Klimavičius | Deadline after deadline. IV Jonas KlimovičiUs Institute of Lithuanian Language Place Names with Sand -Place Deciding, Should the location be corrected? and providing a place instead of a place, it is hardly sufficient to say that “minuscule-type punches with accent place are not many in the language” and that they “are essentially only 19th-20th-century novelties” (Umbrasas 2007: 14). The simplest accuracy requires to say that in Konstantinas Sirvydas’ dictionaries there was already a place of release for the newcomers – “harlot’s house”, a place of need – “outplace” (Pakalka 1979: Rodyklė). Kalvietė "prison" is in the dictionary of Jakubas Brodovskis (~1692-1744) (LKŽ V 1959). And now the terms lydvietė, litavietė are used, but the irregularity of this one site and its substitutes is not the most important, but nevertheless it is not forgotten that there is a lot of other ways of making it – dktv. / bdv. + place – punches, including a lot of old ones. In Sirvydo dictionaries there is already a marketplace, a fireplace. K. Sirvydas’s own re-creations of mergavietė, auksavietė, geležiesvietė „rūdynas“ (Pakalka 1979: Rodyklė) did not come alive, although there was a living ore (1. „slough with brown water, peat“, 2. „with rust, rusty water“, 3. „soil containing ore“) 4. „orodos telkinys, kasykla“ K. Milkaus dictionary (now a term), in modern times it became a Sirvydiška ore site LEnc VI 1937 568 (LKŽ XI 1978), only DŽ 1993 ore site see ore 1. geol. „orodos telkinys“ (DŽ 1954 and 1972 ore site geol. „place where there are ores; ore“, and ore 1. „ore deposit, ore mine“). From the living language we can mention the forms willninė (with unchanged ending) – dvarvieta and kéavietė, naũjinės – keliãvietė / kéavietė, daržavietė, gubavietė and statvietė, kaimavietė, kiemavietė, kluon(a)vietė, kaupavietė, kérvietė „a place where the cows were fed, where the sheep were fed“, kongiavietė, miškavietė, namavietė and trobavietė, butvietė „a place where there was an apartment; „sodyba, butas, gyvenimas“, nors 1. „gyvenamasis namas, trova, pirkia“), farmstead and farmstead, žagvietė. From writings (and dictionaries) – more: dead end, alkvietė, bebravietė BM and RT 281, workplace S. Daukantas / workplace P. Ruigis and F. Kuršaitis dictionaries / Term to Term. IV Terminology | 2007 | 14 161 workplace, empty place, manor, fireplace, birthplace, graveyard, campsite “battlefield” F. Nesselmanno žodynas, S. Daukantas, resort GKr 1988 36 6, campfire, nesting place, school “school”, overnight place, farmstead L. Ivinskis, swamp, recreation place, pond, hiding place, starting place, construction site, stable, campsite, shrine F. Nesselmanno žodynas, S. Daukantas, 1988 36 6, campfire, nesting place, school “school”, overnight place, farmstead L. Ivinskis, swamp, recreation place, pond, hiding place, starting place, construction site, stable, campsite, shrine F. Nesselmanno žodynas, S. Daukantas, 1988 36 6 Kuršių kalbos žodynas / J. Šlapelis, water place, summer place, business place, lightning place, hiking place. We must not forget that there were also places that did not happen at all, for example, senraštvietė A 1883 80, kalnavietė and slesnavietė (Whilst taking slesnavietes, dry them, and irrigate the mountains) Vaižgantas. It should be remembered that there are many (and repeated) and similar village names: Bdvietė, Bdvietės (also Bdvieetis, Bdviečiai and Būdviečiaė, Būdãviečiai); Arlõvietė, Čeriõškavietė, Diliãvietė, Gražiãvietė, Gùčiavietė, Kluonãvietė, Linksmãvietė, Liẽgavietė, Pirktãvietė, Ramóvietė, Salunniavietė, Ššlvietė, Šmylãvietė, Šùkiavietė, Zumbrickãvietė; Žárdvietė; also Balvietis, Masikvietėškis, Põcvietis, Rãdvietis, Šãkvietis, Úosvietis; Bãzviečiai, Daukšviečiaė, Daddviečiai, Dvárviečiai / Dvarviečiaė, Gérviečiai, Júostaviečiai, Kiškélviečiai, Kúokaviečiai, Lénkviečiai, Mẽtirkviečiai, Mąlviečiai, Mųsviečiai, Nõrkviečiai, Pėzraviečiai, Sárviečiai, Skesviečiai, Svirnaviẽčiai, Šiaũdviečiai, Tatõrviečiai, Žárdviečiai; Dangviẽtai. The grounds and grounds are irregular, and there is no clearly defined border. But in another sense – the harvest place “the place of the former harvest”, at least as a potentialism, could be the antonym of the woodland “the place where the forest grew, the place of the former forest” (LKŽ VIII 1970). In terminology it is impossible to do without words of difficult structure, e.g.: urinary tract, heat carrier, railway, rain gauge, farm site, construction site, petal, peduncle, petal, petal bud, petal stem, petal stem… In this respect, terminology is similar to a name book – even more difficult structures are inevitable, especially the pronunciation, e.g.: žuolpamūšė and Lašménpamūšis, Aržúolupis, Dambėjaragio plėliakalnis, Didžprūdliai, Kerkùtviečiai, Ketùrnaujiena, Kunigókalnis, Meeddikviršiai, Paantvardỹs, Pabąddupiai, Pãbūdviečiai, Pajúodupė, Pãlazdijis and Pãpalazdijai, Pãpiliakalnis, Pasandravỹs, Pašilùpiai, Pavilkijỹs, Pykuõliakalnis, Plinkáigalis, Salapéraugis, Tiltẽliamiškio kalnas,... The most important thing is that both different ways of making – dktv. / bdv. + place (was or is) and vksm. + place (usually existing) – the words are part of common semantic microsystems – mine and mine site, drilling site, logging site; nesting site and breeding site; recreation site, resort(a) site and healing site. Adding some of them to one cater method is quite tricky. Therefore, we need to speak before the time. The best example was the article by Vincas Urbutis, Dar dėl kirtavietės ir gerai sudarytas žodis kirtavietė (KK I 1961: 35–36). The question of the form of the verb and the form of the noun – kirtavietė – was solved exemplarily by Urbutis. But one thing remained unsolved and it lasted for a long time. The meaning of the word kirtavietė is clearly stated by the opponent – забой (Lyberis 1961: 35). It is interesting that there is already mentioned a well site, a well site, although well sites are not only in LKŽ V 1959, but also in DŽ 1954, and 1972 (appears only in DŽ 1993); gręžvietė is not mentioned either in LKŽ III 1956, nor in DŽ 1993, although the drilling site is mentioned earlier by A. Lyberis himself (Lyberis and Ulvydas 1958: 71, 102), it is in the dictionaries of terms: забой – logging site (in quarries), gręžvietė (in a well), забой скважины – 1. well site, gręžinio dugnas (geol.), 2. gręžinio dugnas (geol.), забой штрека – logging site of a shaft (mining) G and FGTŽ 1956, забой – logging site, cf. забойщик – ore miner PolŽ 1959, забой – 1. cas. kirtavietė, 2. geol. gręžvietė, забой скважины – gręžvietė PolŽ 1984. But it is proposed to change the logging site not only into a logging site, but also “in the best case, into a logging site” (Lyberis 1961: 35). Urbutis replies: "<...> the word kirtavietė <...> as a term of special significance (for example, instead of Russian забой) can boldly be used further. For ordinary speech, of course, it is little needed. Instead of clearing logging sites (in the forest) the most beautiful word is clearing logging” (Urbutis 1962: 49). We are surprised to find that in DŽ 1954 harvest site see harvesting (2nd meaning) “area of forest that is harvested or cut down”, and in LKŽ V 1959 without reference – harvest site “area of forest that is harvested; The "Cleanup of logging sites is one of the most important forestry work (Soviet letters), although logging 6. “a cut-off area of forest, harvesting” – both from living language and from writings. It would appear that before the mining term logging site appeared (perhaps together with logging site and drilling site), foresters replaced the living language word harvesting, -ai, no one knows why, invented themselves or whose advice, with the new thing intended for other purposes logging site. Urbutis’ advice in 1962 was either ignored, or probably not even heard by the linguists themselves: and in DŽ 1972 the felling site is only “a stretch of forest to be cut; cut forest area’, and cut 2. ‘area of forest cut down, harvesting’. The justified rejection of the unnecessarily inserted cut (забой!) (cut see cut DZ 1972) probably also contributed to this. 1993: The 1992-93 season is the only one to have a double-header. “a section of forest to cut; area of forest cut’; 2. ‘rock quarry’ means a coal quarry. This is probably a transitional – compromise presentation. The following definitions are used in the dictionary: 1. Visurdaug kirtaviečių,riogsokelmaiVd 2007 32 54. 2. <...> miners, <...>, forced into logging sites Vd 2007 47 44. kirtimvietės (KK III 1962: 45–50) – a response to the article by Antanas Lyberis, Ar Terminology | 2007 | 14 163 None of the authors – Pranas Skardžius, Vincas Urbutis, Saulius Ambrazas – have spoken about the more significant, distinctive past-time need of the names of such results of action as kirtimas, -ai what – that result can be in the future, now and can have occurred. This is confirmed by lexical meanings, e.g. weaving 2. „the quantity of fabric to be woven at one time“: From those yarns there will be one weave Geistaraä, 3. „canvas, fabric“: How many meters of fabric did you use? It's up. Spin the spinner, spin the fabric – you will be offered, J. Jablonskis; mixing 4. “bread dough, kneaded and leavened bread”: For mixing flour will be, but for memory not Geistaraaan; 2. puffing, puffing 1. „left unsown, resting working field“: Does not keep pudding now, only sowing, sowing Juodáičiai (Jurbarko r.). Although it is often more common to talk about these results in the past tense, for example, I picked up the picking, I picked up the weaving Katena, but it can always be a future thing to do, already having a name (now a plan, a project). Perhaps influenced by the form – from the past tense, although “other vedic forms with the suffix -imas were made from the present tense stems of verbs” (Ambrazas 1993: 24). By the way, some of these vedic verbs have no semantic connection with time – kinkimas, -ai, grendymas, -ai, pasakymas, -ai. It should be noted that in the interpretation of meanings, the past tense is often used unnecessarily instead of the present tense. In naming, there is usually no time distinction – it is not the time, present or past, but the purpose that is important – cf. grinding 2. ‘ground or ground grains’. If the filling was only “already poured”, then how about “still pouring”? Foresters took the word they heard and made an unnecessary distinction – logging site (by the way, the past tense – kirt-o) and felling: in the logging site forest or individual trees are being felled, but what is in the felling? This is not a live language-based distinction, it is more of a language logification. If already distinguished, the "felt forest area" would be more accurate and clearer than felling, but the living language word "forest cut area; skenimas, kirtimas“ Šimkáičiai, Telšiaė, Ùžventis, Žemaitė, A. Juška’s dictionary (LKŽ IV 1957); less suitable would be forest area Gegrnai, Dùsetos (LKŽ VIII 1970) – this may be oriented to the forest as a mass. The LTE V 1979 system is completely confused: logging site – 1. ‘a surface bordering the end of a quarry, formed by a rock-breaking tool <...>’, and 2. “area of forest allocated or cut down for logging”, also ↗ biržė 1. ‘forest area to be cut, …’ LTE II 1977, and there is no cut because the felling site is ‘… or a cut forest area’. In VLE X 2006, the “surface bordering the end of the quarry, <...>” is cut-off 3., and 1. “a forest area that has been cut down and not re-saturated or has not yet grown by itself <...>” (author – forester Antanas Juodvalkis) and 2. ‘the cutting of forest 164 Jonas Klimavičius | Terminas prie termino. IV plotas“, also ↗ June 3. ‘forest area there is no cutting. A short conclusion – after obtaining a logging area half a century ago, foresters do not cease to hesitate about what this is – it is “assigned to logging or logged”, it is both “logged” and “logged” area. Without a serious dictionary of forestry terms, there will be nothing here. 1968, and D.J. 1993 standardized: Growing place see growing place – “place where the plant grows naturally”. Radvietė was recorded much later – in AplApsŽ 2000. 7 years later, it was proposed to use the analogy with the planting site – the site of discovery (Umbrasas 2007: 14). Is this analogy necessary – we have a good precedent, how Urbutis rejected the analogous – based on the quarry and the well – form of the logging site: he assessed it as “of the same quality” (Urbutis 1962: 48), but offered a logging site – “used for more than fifteen years” (Urbutis, ibid.). It is more important that there is no lack of desire, will and time to fix what is really necessary. And there are various analogies, drawing in opposite directions, in this case – radvila: radvilà, radviliukas psn., tarm. „rastinis vaikas“ – see pamestinukas DŽ 1954 (DŽ 1972 – nei psn., nei tarm.; DŽ 1993 – see rastinukas). A. Umbrasas missed the inheritance without any evaluation (formal excuse – not in the dictionaries). It is similar, but different from radimvietė, augimvietė – perėti, peri, perėjo is a verb of the mixed type, so from perėjimas would be griozdas perėjimas(a)vietė, and conjugations with such a (mixed type) verb sandi are not characteristic, although possible (there is guldavietė „gulykla“ and even settlement – from the secondary verb). It is believed that he was a member of the 1000s, but this is not known. And the possible derivative peravietė would probably be ambiguous – perhaps first of all as perai (bees) + vieta (hive). It is therefore necessary to decide on the form pérvietė (it would strengthen the village). Nesting place “place for a nest”, used by Vaižgantas and ornithologist Tadas Ivanauskas, lexicographically recorded in LKŽ VII 1966, but from DŽ – only DŽ 1993. It is not easy to decide which way of construction is wintering LEnc IV 1936: 1383, T. Ivanauskas (LKŽ XX 2002) and wintering DŽ 1972. Unfinished and standardization – DŽ 1993 as a more expressive winterhouse, because it is explained – “hibernation place”, and winterhouse is described only by synonym – “hibernation”. The verb antonym vasarvietė “summering place” in DŽ 1993 is also not quite clear – the I verb may also be from vasar-oti. Formally, Žiemovietė would be from žiema + vieta, žiemavietė – from žiem-oti + vieta, but not necessarily – the connecting vowel -analogically it can also be from žiemos. Again, it would be best to look at the usage priority – to provide the form wintering (T. Ivanauskas). allocated under point 1. and intermediate cuttings, <...>’ (author) VLE III 2003, and Terminology | 2007 | 14 165 The spawning place „fish spawning place“ in DŽ 1954, 1972 and 1993, LKŽ VIII 1970 formally could also be of both forms, although it is probably made up of spawning + place.The fishing place „fishing place“ in DŽ 1993, LKŽ XX 2002 is made up of fishing + place. With the spread of the fashion of clearly motivated creations, perhaps some disappeared vėena fishing to be able to engage. But for a pair of medž-ioklei fishing is better suited (:2žūti ryt. „fishing, fishing“ DŽ 1993), and changing the fishing place is irrational. Similar formations are constantly found, but not always successfully. For example, the writer Pulgis Andriušis has used the word – [mus] sleeping place Mt 1992 2 36. Perhaps more correct would be sleeping place, but after all, with the conjunction vowel -o, workplace has also come into force. It is a 1985-1986 season, but it is not a 1986-1987 season, but a 1988-1989 season. It should be recalled that the values of the punch and the corresponding compound may differ, e.g. : workplace “place of work, service (as an institution)” and workplace “specially equipped place for work”; settlement – DŽ3 is incorrectly interpreted as “residential place”: this is the residence “place where a person lives”, and settlements, residential areas – “places of life and activity of people” – cities, towns, villages VLE VI 2004. not FLAT ROOF, NOT TAPPED ROOF The question is whether a well-taped roof would be almost unnecessary – what goodness, that is not clear? Not only unclear, but also strange. However, after investigating it is clear that other possible candidates stumbled, although without a necessary need, but not at all and without any reason. Of course, it is necessary to land, because the worst option was chosen (by no means the worst of all). It is explained that such a roof overlaps with the ceiling. But here immediately comes the inaccuracy of the term – and the sloping roof (or part of it) can be overlapped with the ceiling. Another flaw is that it is unclear (from the term itself) with whom it coincides. And there is nothing else overlapping in the construction, although, say, the ceiling of one floor can overlap with the floor of another. The overlapping roof is also used in the construction scientific literature, and especially in periodicals (a completely new example: specializing in the field of overlapping and sloping roofs Vd 2007 31 20). But the wonderful thing is that he is not only absent from the DŽ 1993, LKŽ XIII 1984 and XV 1991, RLKŽ II 1983 and IV 1985, LRKŽ 1988, but also from the PolŽ 1959 and 1984, StatŽ 2002. And we will find in the dictionaries of terms also otherwise. For example, PolŽ 1959 плоская крыша – flat roof, PolŽ 1984 и плоская, и плоскоскатная крыша – flat roof. 166 Jonas Klimavičius | Terminas prie termino. IV lėkštasis stogas (prūsng. skataя крыша [deck] roof, terrace – Flachdach – toiture-terrase – toit plat [en terrasse] – плоская крыша, and statusis stogas – steep roof – steiles Dach – toit abrupt – крутаякрыша. In literature, there is also a mixture, e.g. : If the building is without a roof, the functions of covering and roofing are performed by a single structure, called the overlapping covering civilP 1969 7. Depending on the size of the slope, roofs can be divided into rectangular (with a slope greater than 100), flat roofs (4-100) and flat roofs (0-40) (ibid., 98). The construction of flat roofs consists of reinforced concrete covering, steam insulation, thermal insulation, waterproofing layer and floor, which is also the roofing material (ibid., 119). 1972, pp. 1. is plate, status, flat (as in DŽ 1993). All different, but are they all clear? The question will seem empty to many, but the answer will be unexpected. A truly unexpected interpretation of the word plate – 1. „flat, shallow“ (although the examples do not indicate flatness: flat bowl (see plate – 1. „flat bowl“), flat roof, flat island shores (unstable, sloping) DŽ 1954; 1. “flat, smooth”: flat soil – water does not run, 2. “unstable, sloping, inclined”: flat roof, flat island shores, 3. ‘shallow’: plate bowl DŽ 1972 and 1993 (see plate – 1. ‘circular dish with sloping edges’ DŽ 1972, 1. ‘circular edible dish with sloping edges’ DŽ 1993, although both DŽ 1972 and DŽ 1993 are: deep plate for soup, shallow plate for meat)1. Deep plates and edges are probably steeper. Already DŽ 1954 flat 1. “flat, unconvex, flattened” illustrated in 1 DZ 1954 is not a half-plate of the word, and 1 DZ 1972 and 1993 give the false meaning of half-plate – 1. “small plate” (2. “half plate quantity”), which is actually – consumption clearly shows! – is a plate „small plate for glass, cup or other to put“: serviso plokštė DŽ 1972, 1. “small plate” DZ 1993 (and 2. “half quantity” is half a plate). Similarly, half-cup is interpreted in many places – 1. ‘small bowl’ DŽ 1954, 1972 and 1993, 1. „small, smaller bowl“ LKŽ X 1976. Smaller vessels are usually not called dumb with sandu half-, but derivatives of minor suffixes – statnaitė, bunkėlis, puodelis, tindelė, buteliukas / butelaitis, stiklinėlė / stiklinaitė, plokštėlė / plokštelaitė, dubenėlis (also sašelis, krepšelis, pintinėlė / pintinaitė, dėžutė), only the newer half-bottle stands out, but here from the meaning of quantity (see halflitris „half-litre bottle“) – like halfkartė, pusmašis. The term of the Agricultural Chamber half-dish instead of the foreign word palmiskas (in Polish półmisek) GK 1934 5–8 86 (var. palunskas 1. „dubuo“, 2. „padėklas“ LKŽ IX 1973, LKŽ IX not recorded palumickas Pļlviškiai) should actually be half-plate – after all, it is explained: 2. „a slightly deeper elongated plate“, because it is a vessel of the material (ceramics) and shape usual for plates, but not „half of a plate“, but „half a plate“ (cf. semi-trailer). It should be noted that блюдо is first 1. big plate, 2. plate, only 3. bowl PrekŽ 1996. Two similar dishes – bowl 1. ‘circular bowl vessels; <...>’ DŽ 1993, 1. „wide and round bowl for soup, washing, washing etc., <...>“ LKŽ II2 1969, lėkštė 1. ‘circular edible dish with sloping edges’ DZ 1993, 1. „round dish with flat edges, from which to eat“ LKŽ VII 1966 (definitions – sloping roof), although плоское перекрытие – flat roof, and StatŽ 2002 is flat roof – flat Terminology | 2007 | 14 167 compound flat roof, DŽ 1972 is interpreted more accurately – “straight and smooth surface, horizontally smooth”, DŽ 1993 worse – “which has a straight and smooth surface”. In 1972 and 1993 there was also a flat roof, -ė (house). The meaning of the plate in common language is unequivocally shown by its derivatives – the terms plate, plate, plateau, plateau geom. and geog., plateau (albeit with a slightly wavy surface), plateau, plateau, plateau (grave) archeol. (flat surface), as well as the term adjectives flat bottom, -ė (ship, boat), flat tops (hills), flat grains (wikis), flatworms (barley). 1978: 6th place in 4×100m freestyle. „plate“: flache Schüssel – flat bowl P. Ruigi’s dictionary (specified de visu) (flat and flat in this sense is not fixed). Of course, this is not from the current common language – now a flat bowl would be contradictio in adiecto. The next piece of the thread is LKŽ VII 1966 – plate 1. “flat, flat, smooth” Kvdarna, Katena, Skisnemunė, Prussian writings, also – 1. „flat“ Sintautau (ZanŽ II 2004), variant plate see plate 1: plate roof J. Jablonskis (although plate see plate 3: plate torielka – also J. Jablonskis). Only plate 2. ‘slopey, sloping, uneven’ (area of the value is insufficiently specified), 3. „with sloping edges, shallow, undeep“: flache Schüssel – flat bowl (o tiefe Schüssel – deep bowl) F. Kuršaitis dictionary (precised de visu) // „shallow“: shallow place Vilkaviškis, also 3. ‘shallow, shallow’ in Lukšiai (ZanŽ II 2004). In K. Milkaus dictionary – ambiguously: bliūdas lėkštas, plokštus – eine flache Schüssel (specified de visu). The basic meaning of flat in common language can only be "horizontally flat". However, both the mentioned variations of the meaning of flat and plate in dialects, are not yet quite accurate) differ not in substance, but more material (not always), in addition, the purpose of the bowl is broader. That there are two, it happened historically. The roots of both, now motivated by the shape of the dish (dubuo: bowl, lėta: plate), are related to the dish and eating. Dubuo (Kvdarna, Gargždai; var. dubenis Skraũdžiai) LKŽ II2 1969 on the suggestion of Kazimieras Būga (Sabaliauskas 1990: 293) and perhaps with the concern of Jon Jablonski replaced the already fixed in P. Ruigi dictionary Slavic word bliūdas (bliūdelė already in J. Bretkūno Bible) LKŽ i2 1968, and Russian. блюдо – the general Slavic loan from got. Biu⁊is (from biudis) "double" < biudan "to offer" (Fasmer I 1986). The word is a diminutive form of the Polish word miska. misa, miska, miseczka – common Slavic debt – probably through got. mēs iš vulg. lot. mēsa < lot. mensa “table; valgis, patiekalas’ (Фасмер II 1986; Brückner 1974). The word is derived from the Latin discus (< Greek discoi) "fly" (and place for food; in form - the predecessor of the plate / bowl) - through Germanus (Middle Old Dutch disc, Old High German tisc → modern German Tisch) Slavic form - Polish. Deska, rus. доска, ukr. board (Fasmer I 1986; Brückner 1974). Lėkštė (Šãtės, Pandėlỹs, Skisnemunė) LKŽ VII 1966 (perhaps unnecessarily Fraenkel 1955–1965 is considered a novelty) again probably installed by Jablonski instead of the already used in J. Bretkūnas Bible torielka (there are also variants) LKŽ XVI 1995, borrowed from the Slavic – Russian. тарелка < Polish. plate < check. talalř, Slavic – from Germanic (Middle High German talier), these from Italian tagliere < tagliare "cut" < Latin taliare "cut" (Фасмер IV 1987; Brückner 1974). 168 Jonas Klimavičius | Term to term. IV manding, does not allow them to be not yet have a general language thesaurus – SinŽ 1980 is a thesaurus of the whole Lithuanian language (although in general, if synchrony and especially syntopia are ignored, the creation of the synonym line is arbitrary, rather than true synonym data). It is a distorted image: flat 1. (roof) – plate (roof), and 2. → shallow, but shallow – first shallow, shallow (plate), then plate. AntŽ 2003 4status – flat, sloping, sloping, sloping – “which is almost not raised at all, low”: The banks of this stream are very steep, and the banks of the other are flat Vėšakio Rūdà; and flat – pointed “which is out of place” (?!). There are many examples of non-consistency of meaning, for example: lėkštas – 1. плоский: lėkštas dubuo – плоское блюдо (although flat – 1. плоский ), only 2. (nestatus) пологий, отлогий LRKŽ 1988, пологий – first of all sloping, sloping, sloping, sloping, sloping, sloping, sloping, sloping, only then flat, but with a certificate tarm. (later still sloping pronunciation) RLKŽ III 1984. It seems that each author here defines, sorts and marks the meanings in dialect. And SinŽ 1980 among the dominants notakus (slowly, unevenly descending) synonyms – nuolaidus (mountain), nuožulnus (roof), pažulnus, žulnas (shore), nuokalnus, nuokalvus, pakalnus, nuožvilnus dialekte, pašliaunus dialekte. (roof, mountain) and pašliaũtinas tarm., pašlėdnus tarm. (soil), sloped tarm. (roof), sloping tarm. – there is no plate at all: according to the author’s dialect, the plate is “flat”... But this is wrong. StatŽ 2002 is inclined floor – einsteigender Fußboden – plancher oblique – наклонный пол. Perhaps the failure to overcome the inter-dialectal collision of the adjectives flat and flat – when it was not yet abolished in normative lexicography, as a compromise and artificial overlapping roof appeared. Maybe that's why next to the plate MokŽ 2000 is not the word plate. The compromise must be eliminated. And the codification of the meaning of the flat and flat words must be urgently completed and consolidated. It is impossible to keep such a collision of meanings of the word plate in common language – flat – 1. lēzens; plakans: flat roof – lēzens jumts, flat chest – flat chest, and plate – 1. plakans, 2. lēzens LieLaŽ 1964, plate – 1. flat; plane, 2. (nestatus) gently-sloping LAKŽ 1991. The idea that the plate can be “flat” is somewhat supported by etymology, but not entirely – the earliest motivation would certainly be only “flat” – although the Latvian relative lêzns, lêzens – “flach” (Būga II 1959: 421), but Lit. height. ložėti, -ėja (lõži), -ėjo "to be broken, to be lying down" (from another area considered synonyms of common language. Here it is necessary to say that we do