Lexicography, Terminography and the Role of New Mobile Devices in Teaching Terminology

7 5Te minologija | 2013 | 20 Lexicog aphy, Te minog aphy and he Role o New Mobile De ices in Teaching Te minology1 Ágo a Fó is Ká oli Gáspá Uni e si y TERMIK Pé e gaÁl Ká oli Gáspá Uni e si y TERMIK KEYWORDS: eaching lexicog aphy and e minology, mas e in e minology, new ools in educa ion, sma phones, able s 1. INTRoDucTIoN The es ablishing and launch o he Mas e in Te minology s a ed wo yea s ago, and as a esul he aining o e minologis s has been in oduced in o Hunga ian e ia y educa ion a a mas e ’s le el. The Mas e in Te minology is a wo-yea p og amme a he Facul y o Humani ies o he Ká oli Gáspá uni e si y, Budapes . The language o ins uc ion is Hunga ian. The i s yea comp ises he in oduc o y and specialis subjec s (mainly o linguis ics), and he second yea ocuses on p ac ical aining, du ing which s uden s ha e he oppo uni y o wo k as ainees a a ious ins i u ions (c . Fó is 2011, 2013). Te minology, lexicog aphy and e minology managemen o m he co e ma e ial o he p og amme. When designing he cu iculum, beyond including he mos impo an heo ies and me hods o lexicog aphy and e minology, a key ques ion is which mode n ools ( hei use, con en and o m) we should ocus on in he aining. No long ago desk op compu e s we e a s a e-o - he-a , bu soon hey a e becoming a hing o he pas , and i seems ha in a ew yea s ime po able compu e s (lap ops, ne books) will also become ou da ed. cu en ends clea ly indica e he sp ead o sma phones and able s. Some o hese gadge s al eady measu e up o a e age pe sonal compu e s 1 Acknowledgemen s. This s udy was suppo ed by he Bolyai János Pos doc o al Fellowship (Hunga ian Academy o Sciences). 7 6 Ágo a Fó is, Pé e Gaál | Lexicog aphy, Te minog aphy and he Role | o New Mobile De ices in Teaching Te minology bo h in pe o mance and in unc ionali y, and hey a e expec ed o ou pe o m Pcs soon. Today, jus like egula compu e s, sma phones and able s o e a wide ange o so wa e and a e able o ca y ou a ious asks. The pape discusses he emphasis placed in he MA in Te minology on mode n ools and he possibili ies hey open, p ima ily in he eaching o lexicog aphy and e minology. 2. LexIcoGRAPHy AND TeRMINoLoGy IN THe PRoGRAMMe owing o he de elopmen and in e connec ion o elecommunica ion and in o ma ion echnology and he es ablishmen o in e ne and o he ne wo ks, easy and quick access and ansmission o in o ma ion is a ailable o use s. The easy pe meabili y o he sys ems o di e en p o essions is acili a ed by accu a e de ini ions and he compa ison o pa icula sys ems and hei ha moniza ion. The me hods o e minology esea ch and applica ions and possibili ies o eaching e minology ha e been changed undamen ally by in ocommunica ion sys ems and he sp ead o he in e ne . I he da abase no only con ains he de ini ions o concep s bu also de ails on he ela ions among he concep s and on he cha ac e is ics o such ne wo ks o ela ions, ha helps handling he la ge amoun o in o ma ion con ained in hem and makes i possible o use he in o ma ion in he mos e ec i e way. e icien and quick selec ion o he equi ed in o ma ion is helped by hese seman ic and on ology sys ems. compe ences o e minologis s mainly include o ming e minology sys ems in ega d o en i ies o he wo ld and de eloping he sys em o e ms which ca ies in o ma ion in on ologies (wi h aking no ice o p o essional knowledge and p inciples o e bal communica ion). In he Mas e knowledge is con eyed in an onomasiological app oach, connec ed o concep ual sys ems. The desc ip ion o connec ions among concep s, c ea ing e ms and de ini ions, he use o e minology managemen ools, p inciples o e minological sys ems based on he la es esea ch ha e an impo an ole in he cu iculum. The sp ead o elec onic and mobile applica ions demands handing o e and using he ma e ial o mode n e minology in his a i ude, which is possible only wi h specialis s ained o his goal. The co e ma e ial o he MA in Te minology p og amme is made up o : seman ics; onomas ics; mo phology; wo d o ma ion, e m o ma ion; e minology, lexicog aphy; language poli ics; language planning, language 7 7Te minologija | 2013 | 20 igh s; co pus linguis ics; e minology managemen , e minog aphy and documen a ion; s anda diza ion, quali y managemen . S uden s a end lec u es on e minology in he second semes e o he aining, lexicog aphy as well as e minology managemen (bo h lec u es and semina s) in he hi d semes e , and ake pa in e minology semina s in he ou h semes e . ou cu en pape ocuses on ecen ly appea ed gadge s in he a ea o lexicog aphy and e minog aphy. 3. NeW TooLS IN LexIcoGRAPHy AND TeRMINoLoGy The quick and wide sp ead o mobile communica ion ools in ecen yea s has caused signi ican changes in he ield o e minology and lexicog aphy. Ten o wen y yea s ago o dina y desk op compu e s we e a s a e-o - he-a . Bu soon no only desk op Pcs, bu o dina y po able compu e s (lap ops, ne books) will also become ou da ed o use s. cu en ends p edes ina e he e a o mobile communica ion ools (e.g. sma phones, able s). He e a e some s a is ics abou hese ends: he Pew In e ne & Ame ican Li e P ojec , 2013 su ey, which summa ized he s a is ical da a be ween 2011 and 2013 in he uSA, e ealed ha 55% o mobile phone use s ha e a sma phone and only 45% o hem ha e a adi ional mobile phone (Pew In e ne & Ame ican Li e P ojec , 2013). (In 2011 hese we e in a e e se o de , so signi ican changes happened in he las wo yea s.) Simila ends could be obse ed abou able s. Acco ding o he 2013 p ognosis o In e na ional Da a Co po a ion (IDC), he numbe o sold able s will app oxima e he numbe o sold po able compu e s, and will ou s ip desk op compu e s. The pe o mance o sma phones and able s g ows p og essi ely, he high end ones a e nea ly as powe ul as an a e age Pc, and hey will p obably ou pe o m Pcs soon. Bu in size and po abili y mobile ools lea e Pcs behind igh now. These ea u es make hem sui able o unning and using di e en applica ions, o example — wha is impo an o he poin o iew o e minology — elec onic dic iona ies, e minology da abases o o he ansla ion suppo so wa e p oduc s. elec onic dic iona ies (mainly online dic iona ies) a e he u u e (wha is mo e maybe he p esen ) in e minology and in lexicog aphy, and pape based e e ence wo ks a e pu in o shade. Six ad an ages and inno a ions o elec onic dic iona ies (compa ed o pape dic iona ies) a e emphasized by Syl iane G ange (2012): co pus in eg a ion, mo e and be e da a, 7 8 Ágo a Fó is, Pé e Gaál | Lexicog aphy, Te minog aphy and he Role | o New Mobile De ices in Teaching Te minology e iciency o access, cus omiza ion, hyb idiza ion (using he cha ac e is ics o a ious ypes o e e ence wo ks) and use inpu . I is easy o see ha in he wen y i s cen u y mode n dic iona ies need o possess all o hese six ea u es in o de o make e ec i e use possible, in he ields o ansla ion, educa ion o indus y. online dic iona ies could be classi ied as ins i u ional In e ne e e ence wo ks o collec i e ee mul iple-language In e ne e e ence wo ks (Fue es- oli e a 2010). collec i e dic iona ies become mo e and mo e popula among dic iona y use s, al hough hey a e o en men ioned as dic iona ies illed wi h ‘unau hen ic’ and ‘no eliable’ in o ma ion. The mos well-known communi y e e ence wo ks a e he Wiki dic iona y p ojec s like Wikipedia o Wik iona y. In he poin o iew o e minology, he mos in e es ing Wiki p ojec is maybe Te mWiki, which is a ee, mul iple-language, online, collec i e e minology da abase. The eason Te mWiki is new and in e es ing is because i combines he ea u es o collec i e ee mul iple language dic iona ies and ea u es o popula social ne wo k si es. Te mWiki allows non-p o essionals, p o essionals, e minologis s and ansla o s o sha e knowledge, edi pages o e ms o c ea e b and new pages. The eliabili y o his kind o e minology da abases could be imp o ed by he pa icipa ion o p o essionals in he edi ing and supe ising wo k. The use o elec onic dic iona ies on mobile pla o ms is sligh ly di e en om adi ional compu e use, because he sc een o sma phones and able s is much smalle han o dina y Pc o lap op sc eens and yping is done no on a adi ional keyboa d bu a i ual one. Fo com o able and e icien use o elec onic dic iona ies on mobile pla o ms we ha e o ake he ea u es o sma phones and able s in o conside a ion. The e a e wo oppo uni ies abou i : o c ea e he mobile e sion o he dic iona y homepage, o a mobile dic iona y applica ion. Recen ly he e is only li le esea ch and publica ion abou mobile dic iona ies because hey appea ed in la ge numbe s jus one o wo yea s ago. A good example is Deny A. Kwa y’s (2013) a icle ha deals wi h mobile business dic iona ies and i s imp o emen po en ial. The e o e mobile lexicog aphy will be an impo an a ea o u u e lexicog aphy esea ch. Sma phones and able s may soon appea in he eaching o e minology. The use o mobile ools a a lec u e could be an easy and e icien way o acquain s uden s wi h di e en online dic iona ies and e minology da abases. Mos eenage s and membe s o wen y-some hing age g oup 7 9Te minologija | 2013 | 20 al eady ha e hese gadge s, so hey don’ need a compu e oom — only in e ne connec ion — o access hese online e e ence wo ks. Bu easy access is no only a ailable in he class oom, because mobile ools a e wi h us p ac ically e e y momen in li e, so we can access dic iona y in o ma ion wi hou desk op o po able compu e s. Apa om educa ion, he wo kplace could be ano he scene o he e e yday use o mobile ools. Due o globaliza ion he e a e mo e and mo e ields o ac i i y which demand language suppo . Sma phones and able s (because o hei size) could be wi h employees all he ime, ega dless o whe e hey wo k. So when hey need a dic iona y o e minology da abase hey don’ need o access hei desk op compu e e e y ime. Ano he ad an age is he buil in oice ecogni ion o mobile ope a ion sys ems and o he applica ions which supe sedes he slow and complica ed yping. (Fo example: a ac o y enginee can’ lea e he machines and de ices behind when he needs o look up an unknown e m. Bu i isn’ necessa y because he can access he equi ed in o ma ion wi h he help o his sma phone.) The need o mobile dic iona y and e minology applica ions is conside able. I we ha e a look a Google Play (one o he mos popula online applica ion s o e on he In e ne ), we see ha he e a e many o line and online dic iona ies (bo h ee and pay) and some e minology applica ions o download. The mos a ailable e minology applica ions on Google Play a e abou medical and inancial e minology. Bu download s a is ics shows ha hese apps a e no as popula as mobile dic iona ies. I ollows he e o e, ha hey ha e only a ew use s, bu his end could easily change by de eloping hese apps and making people awa e o hei exis ence. 4. coNcLuSIoNS Ac ual e minology wo king me hods a e based on he use o ools o in o ma ion echnology and language echnology. The aim o he Mas e in Te minology is o con ibu e o ou in eg a ion in o he eu opean Highe educa ion A ea by aining p o essionals who a e able o use mode n echnology and a e amilia wi h hei linguis ic backg ound ha is needed o hei de elopmen . Quali ied e minologis s could ake an ac i e pa in Hunga ian pa icipa ion in eu opean union in eg a ion p ocess. The high le el heo e ical and p ac ical aining g ounded on a 8 0 Ágo a Fó is, Pé e Gaál | Lexicog aphy, Te minog aphy and he Role | o New Mobile De ices in Teaching Te minology wide basis allows g adua es o ind employmen easily. As he posi ion o he e minologis was unknown be o e, needs and egula ions didn’ exis in Hunga y. The e o e, besides aining e minologis s, ano he impo an ask is o make he labou ma ke awa e o he inancial and p o essional bene i s o employing one. The i s s uden s who g adua ed ha e quickly ound jobs a esea ch ins i u es, echnical ansla ion agencies, en e p ise de elopmen cen es as e minologis s, p ojec manage s and ansla o s. Te minology, e minog aphy and lexicog aphy ainings (including making s uden s acquain ed wi h mode n ools and so wa e p oduc s) play an impo an ole in eaching. The appea ance and sp eading o mobile de ices se new asks and challenges o e minology and lexicog aphy. The claim o a ailabili y and easy use o adi ional elec onic (online) sou ces and e e ence wo ks by sma phones and able s will p obably keep g owing. To achie e his i isn’ enough o ans e exis ing elec onic e e ence wo ks o mobile pla o ms. I ’s de ini ely necessa y o op imize hem o he mos e icien use. conce ning he heo e ical backg ound: e minology and lexicog aphy esea ch should be ex ended o he esea ch o mobile dic iona ies and e minology da abases. The esul o his ype o esea ch may con ibu e o he making o be e and mo e eliable applica ions, and mo e up- o-da e educa ion o s uden s. RE EREncES Fó is Á. 2011: A e minológia mes e szak indí ásának előzményei. [P oceedings o MA in Te minology]. – Hunga ológiai É köny . E. Ká pá i, O. Nádo , T. Szűcs (sze k.), Pécs: PTE BTK – Dialóg Campus 12 (2011), 110–120. Fó is Á. 2013: Te minology Mas e in Hunga y a Case S udy. – Bule in Ş iin i ic. La o ma ion en e minologie. Ac es de la Con é ence In e na ionale de Buca es 3–4 no emb e 2011. C.-Ş. S oean, N. I anciu, R. Cons an inescu-Ş e ănel, A. Lo e z (eds.), Buca es : ASE, 100–105. Fue es-oli e a P. 2010: Lexicog aphy o he Thi d Millennium: F ee Ins i u ional In e ne Te minological Dic iona ies o Lea ne s. – Specialised Dic iona ies o Lea ne s (Lexicog aphica Se ies Maio 136). P. Fue es-Oli e a (ed.), Be lin: De G uy e , 193−208. G ange S. 2012: In oduc ion: Elec onic Lexicog aphy – F om Challenge o Oppo uni y. – Elec onic Lexicog aphy. S. G ange , M. Paquo (eds.), Ox o d: Ox o d Uni e si y P ess, 1–14. Kwa y D. 2013: P inciples o he Design o Business Dic iona ies on Mobile Applica ions. – He mes Jou nal o Language and Communica ions S udies 50, 69−81. LEKSIKOGRA IJA, TERMInOGRA IJA IR nAUJŲ MOBILIŲJŲ ĮTAISŲ VAIDMUO MOKAnT TERMInOLOGIJOS Te minologijos magis o p og ama suku a i p adė a dės y i 2011 m.; aip e minolo- gų engimas Veng ijoje apo aukš ojo mokslo dalimi. P og amos b anduolį suda o e - minologija, leksikog a ija i e minijos a kyba. Šiuolaikinės leksikog a ijos endenci- jos odo išmaniųjų ele onų i planše inių kompiu e ių panaudojimo plė ą. Kai ku ie 8 1Te minologija | 2013 | 20 iš šių į enginių sa ybėmis i unkcionalumu p ilygs a idu iniškiems asmeniniams kompiu e iams; manoma, kad g ei ai u ė ų juos i p alenk i. Šiandien išmaniuosiuose ele onuose i planše iniuose kompiu e iuose, kaip i įp as iniuose kompiu e iuose, y a labai į ai ios p og aminės į angos, jie gali a lik i į ai ias užduo is. S aipsnyje ap a ia- mas mode nių p iemonių aidmuo i jų eikiamos galimybės, mokan leksikog a ijos i e minologijos pagal Te minologijos magis o p og amą. Gau a 2013-10-25 Ágo a Fó is Ká oli Gáspá uni e si y TeRMIK Re iczky u. 4, 1088 Budapes , Hunga y e-mail a o [email p o ec ed] Pé e Gaál Ká oli Gáspá uni e si y TeRMIK Re iczky u. 4, 1088 Budapes , Hunga y e-mail pe e [email p o ec ed]