Terminology at the Dutch Language Institute: Towards a Centre of Expertise for Professional Language

7Te minologija | 2021 | 28 doi.o g/10.35321/ e m28-01 Te minology a he Du ch Language Ins i u e: Towa ds a Cen e o Expe ise o P o essional Language FRIEDA STEURS Ins i uu oo de Nede landse Taal, Leiden & KU Leu en ORCID id: h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-2884-5713 ABSTRACT When i comes o e minology, he Du ch-speaking egions ha e a long adi- ion o collabo a ion. Since he eigh ies he e ha e been se e al ini ia i es, all led by he Du ch Language Union. The e was a g owing awa eness ha a pla - o m was needed o b ing oge he all in o ma ion conce ning Du ch e mi- nology and o make i accessible o e e y possible use . Since 2016, he Du ch Language Ins i u e (INT) in Leiden manages and de elops all kinds o Du ch language ma e ials. The whole spec um o language, including p o es- sional language, egional languages and dialec s, is now gi en a en ion, mak- ing i ob ious o he INT o accommoda e he Cen e o Expe ise o Du ch Te minology (ENT). In his a icle I will go deepe in o he wide ange o in- o ma ion supplied by he ENT, including speci ic so wa e ools o e mino- logical asks. I will also desc ibe a p ojec on medical e minology ha links lexicog aphy and e minology and ha is conduc ed a he INT. KEYWORDS: Du ch e minology, economic impac , e minology ools, educa ion, medical e minology ANOTACIJA Olandų kalba kalban ys egionai e minologijos s i yje u i jau seniai gy uojan- čias bend ada bia imo adicijas. Nuo XX a. 8-ojo dešim mečio įgy endin os kelios inicia y os, isoms joms ado a o Olandų kalbos sąjunga. Vis labiau di- dėjo sup a imas, kad eikia suku i isiems a o ojams p ieinamą pla o mą, ku ioje bū ų su elk a isa su olandų e minologija susijusi in o macija. Nuo 2016 m. į ai ią olandų kalbos medžiagą a ko Leidene įsikū ęs Olandų kalbos ins i u as (INT). Dėmesys šiuo me u ski iamas isoms kalbos a mainoms, o- kioms kaip p o esinė kalba, egioninės kalbos, a mės, aigi apo aišku, kad Olandų kalbos ins i u e eikia s eig i Olandų e minologijos žinių cen ą (ENT). S aipsnyje ap a siu šio cen o eikiamą į ai aus pobūdžio in o maciją, 8F ieda S eu s Te minology a he Du ch Language Ins i u e: Towa ds a Cen e o Expe ise o P o essional Language įskai an konk ečias p og amines p iemones, ski as e minologinėms užduo- ims a lik i. Taip pa p is a ysiu Olandų kalbos ins i u o įgy endinamą leksiko- g a iją i mediciną siejan į medicinos e minologijos p ojek ą. ESMINIAI ŽODŽIAI: olandų e minologija, ekonominis po eikis, e minologinės p iemonės, edukacija, medicinos e minologija 1. TERmINOLOgy IN ThE DUTCh-SPEAkINg REgIONS: A ShORT hISTORy The Du ch-speaking egions ha e a long adi ion o (linguis ic) col- labo a ion. Since he eigh ies he e ha e been se e al pa ne ships and commi ees, all led by he Du ch Language Union (Nede landse Taalunie, NTU). Linguis ic ideas saw a signi ican change in he eigh ies. In he wen ie h cen u y, heo e ical linguis ics had e ol ed om s uc u alism o gene a i e g amma , ocusing on syn ax. The app oach o he lexicon was s ill a he adi ional, wi h an emphasis on s anda d language, mod- e n and his o ical. Because o he g owing in e na ionalisa ion and he consequen ial inc eased demand o ansla o s and in e p e e s capable o dealing wi h specialis ex s, p o essional language ecei ed mo e and mo e a en ion, al hough no immedia ely, om he side o adi ional, heo e ical linguis ics. The NTU ealised he e was a need o a consul a- ion pla o m on he subjec o p o essional language. The e we e wo o he in e es ed pa ies: he Royal Ne he lands S anda diza ion Ins i u e ( hen NNI, now NEN) and he Belgian Bu eau o S anda disa ion ( hen BIN, now NBN). A pa ne ship was s a ed: he Du ch e minology g oup SaNT (Samenwe kings e band oo Nede landse Te minologie). The SaNT was wo king closely oge he in he pe iod 1988-1996. Wi hin his collabo a ion, he in e es ed pa ies we e b ough oge he in o wo g oups: a ‘Language and Educa ion’ g oup and a ‘Language and Business’ g oup. In he se ies Voo ze en (‘p oposals’) by he Du ch Language Union, wo epo s on e minology we e published. The i s epo (Voo ze en 32)1 included a icles on he p omo ion o he use o au ho ised e minology lis s, on how o use e minology da abases in businesses and go e nmen ins i u ions, and also an a icle on how uni e si ies should o e ‘Te mi- nology’ as a subjec in i s own igh 2. Recommenda ions we e w i en on 1 V oomen Pim de (ed.) (1990). 2 Ve oo n Ad (ed.) (1992). 9Te minologija | 2021 | 28 he con en s o such cou ses and on how he esea ch in o p o essional language could be gi en shape. As a esul o hese ecommenda ions by he SaNT, all ansla ion and in e p e a ion p og ammes in Flande s began o pay mo e a en ion o e minology, making i a sepa a e subjec in he cu iculum. A he ime, his was highly inno a i e, as mos language cou ses s ill main ained an o e whelmingly philological app oach. This was also he ime o he POINTER p ojec . POINTER s ood o ‘P oposals o an Ope a ional In as uc u e o Te minology in Eu ope’ and was launched in Decembe 1994 by he Eu opean Commission. Back hen, he e was al eady an awa eness ha p o essional language was be- coming e y impo an in Eu opean businesses and ha a mul ilingual policy was equi ed. “The p ope and accu a e use o a specialised o- cabula y o ‘ e minology’ is i al o success ul communica ion in he mod- e n wo ld and consequen ly also o businesses, esea ch and he u he de elopmen o ideas. many companies and o ganisa ions use and in en e ms on a daily basis, no only in hei own ins i u ions and coun ies, bu also ac oss egional and na ional bo de s. Al hough new and e- quen ly occu ing e minology is o en eco ded, he e is a lack o a io- nalisa ion despi e ou so-called ‘in o ma ion socie y’ and ha dly any e o s a e made o wo k oge he o maximise he use o aluable sou ces.”3 The POINTER p ojec is aimed o make a se o conc e e, p ac ical p oposals in o de o suppo e minology use s all o e Eu ope by acili a ing he dis ibu ion o e minologies. The emphasis o POINTER was on mee ing he mul ilingual needs o a g owing Eu opean ma ke . These we e ascina ing imes: mos esea che s had g adually swi ched o e om pape o wo king digi ally and we e lea ning o use hei i s PCs. The impo ance o digi al linguis ic da a o esea che s and use s be- came clea . The SaNT wo king g oup ‘Language and Business’ expe imen - ed wi h he i s digi al e minology banks: Eu o e m (maas ich ) and Eu- odicau om (Eu opean ins i u ions, Luxembou g, la e eplaced by IATE). In all he ac i i ies o hese wo wo king g oups, we no iced an inc eas- ing in e es in p o essional language. Economic ac i i y and he use o p o essional language a e o cou se closely in e wo en. Because o he s ong economic ma ke s in he Ne he lands and Flande s, many busi- 3 A ailable a : h ps://co dis.eu opa.eu/p ojec /id/LRE63090/ esul s. 1 0 F ieda S eu s Te minology a he Du ch Language Ins i u e: Towa ds a Cen e o Expe ise o P o essional Language nesses needed p o essional ex s o cus ome s, supplie s and echnicians. These ex s had o be quickly a ailable in di e en languages, which caused a need o e minology lis s and la e e minological da abases. This phenomenon has ce ainly con ibu ed o he de elopmen o a consul a ion pla o m o Du ch e minology. The ac i i ies o he SaNT came o an end in 1996, when his collabo- a ion was discon inued by he NTU. As he s anda disa ion ins i u es had ha dly con ibu ed o his ini ia i e, he NTU did no conside i a eal pa ne ship be ween he pa ies men ioned. The colleagues conce ned, e minologis s, linguis s and ansla o s, who had been wo king oge he wi h he SaNT, we e le on hei own and decided in 1997, on he oc- casion o a cong ess in U ech , o ound a ield associa ion o Du ch e minology o he Ne he lands and Flande s. Thus NL-Te m was bo n, an associa ion which aimed o be a con ac poin o anyone in ol ed wi h Du ch e minology, bo h i s p ac ice and i s heo y. In i s i s yea s NL-Te m was kep a loa by olun ee s and en husias ic membe s o he associa ion, wi hou any subsidies. La e a subsidy was g an ed by he NTU. NL-Te m has been success ul now o o e 30 yea s and o ganises a cong ess o a wo kshop e e y yea 4. A e cancelling he SaNT, he NTU did no abandon e minology, bu appoin ed a s a egic commi ee which was o es ablish he policy and p io i ies o e minology in he Du ch-speaking egions. CoTe m was ounded in 2006 and d ew up policy decisions un il 2012. I was he commi ee’s ask o ad ise he NTU on he e minology policy o be implemen ed wi hin he long- e m policy amewo k o he NTU, o o mula e p ojec s wi hin ha amewo k and o ca y hem ou o ha e hem ca ied ou unde i s own supe ision. Wi hin he commi ee, he exchange o expe ise was p omo ed. Eu odicau om was he pionee ing e minology da abase o he Eu o- pean Commission, se up in 1975, a i s o be used by ansla o s and o he employees o he Commission. By 1980 i was accessible online o he Commission. Du ing he eigh ies and nine ies he da abase g ew, while i was s ill necessa y o call in h ough a modem o consul he da abase om ou side o he Eu opean Ins i u ions. A i s , only Du ch, F ench, ge man and I alian we e ep esen ed, he ou languages o he 4 A ailable a : h ps://www.nl e m.eu. 1 1Te minologija | 2021 | 28 six coun ies ha o med he EEC ( he h ee Benelux coun ies, F ance, ge many and I aly). When mo e coun ies joined he Eu opean Union, o he languages we e added, he numbe inc easing o six, hen se en, nine and e en ually ele en languages (La in was added o scien i ic names). La e , public use in e aces we e added, gi ing he la ge public ee access o mul ilingual e minology ela ed o he Eu opean Union ac i i ies. The minis ies o Fo eign A ai s o se e al membe s a es add- ed e minology o he da abase. Senio e minologis s wo ked on he e alua ion and c ea ion o new en ies in he exis ing da abase in di e - en languages. In 2007, Eu odicau om was eplaced by In e ac i e Te mi- nology o Eu ope (IATE). On June 28 h, 2007 he Eu opean ins i u ions sen ou a p ess elease o announce h ee exis ing e minology banks we e me ged in o a single EU e minology da abase: IATE, which co e ed 23 languages and was open o he public. Two pa icula ea u es dis in- guish IATE om i s p edecesso s EURODICAUTOm, EUTERPE and TIS. Fi s o all, IATE is in e ac i e: any ansla o in an EU ins i u ion can add and upda e in o ma ion in he da abase. To ensu e he quali y o he indi idual con ibu ions, a change in he da abase au oma ically launches a alida ion cycle: e minologis s o he ansla ion depa men s alida e he new and modi ied in o ma ion. Secondly, IATE is in e ins i- u ional: i s p ojec pa ne s a e he Eu opean Pa liamen , he Council, he Commission, he Cou o Jus ice, he Cen al Bank, he Cou o Audi o s, Economic and Social Commi ee, he Commi ee o he Regions, he Eu opean In es men Bank and he T ansla ion Cen e. No all knowledge and insigh s ega ding e minology came om he ansla ion communi y, howe e . As i happens, he i s s eps in he heo iza ion o e minology we e made by enginee s and p o essional expe s and we e s ic ly monolingual. I all s a ed wi h he ‘Viennese school’, which laid he ounda ions o classical e minology, a icula ed by Eugen Wüs e (1898-1977). Wüs e was an Aus ian enginee and he ounde o e minology. he go a deg ee in elec ical enginee ing, bu was abo e all ascina ed by he science o e minology. Li ing in a ime when echnology was de eloping apidly, he asked himsel ques ions abou he way in which new concep s a e e lec ed in language. his disse a ion In e na ionale Sp achno mung in de Technik, besonde s in de Elek o echnik (Be lin, 1931) was ega ded a e minological s anda d wo k. he augh a he Uni e si y o Vienna, whe e a e his dea h he Ins i u ü Wissen- 1 2 F ieda S eu s Te minology a he Du ch Language Ins i u e: Towa ds a Cen e o Expe ise o P o essional Language scha s heo ie und Wissenscha s o schung and he Eugen Wüs e A chi e we e ounded. his esea ch in o echnical communica ion esul ed in he es ablishmen o he Technical Commi ee o S anda diza ion o he In- e na ional O ganiza ion o S anda diza ion (ISO/TC 37). Wüs e de el- oped he gene al Theo y o Te minology (gTT)5. he was in ol ed in In o e m6, he In e na ional In o ma ion Cen e o Te minology ound- ed in 1971 by Unesco. In o e m aims o suppo and coo dina e in e na- ional collabo a ion in he ield o e minology. The membe s o In o e m a e na ional, in e na ional and egional ins i u es, o ganiza ions and p i a e specialis s, in sho , e e yone who has any hing o do wi h he s anda d- iza ions and ha moniza ion o p o essional language. I is a wo ldwide pla o m, wi h membe s on all con inen s. In o e m and he la e ounded Te mNe 7, he in e na ional ne wo k o e minology, will keep playing an impo an ole in he dissemina ion o e minological insigh s, he o ganiza ion o wo kshops and he p omo ion o e minology applica ions in businesses and go e nmen s. Ano he impo an playe in he in e na ional ield is Tekom. Bo h Tekom ge many8 and Tekom Eu ope9 a e e y la ge p o essional asso- cia ions o echnical communica ion. Thei ac i i ies a e wo ldwide and o g ea impo ance in he wo ld o echnical and p o essional documen- a ion. Again, e minology is one o hei co e asks. In he ollowing we will speci ically look in o he si ua ion ega ding Du ch, especially wi h ega d o how all he da a conce ning e minology can be cen alised and p omo ed. 2. DUTCh TERmINOLOgy INSTITUTIONS AND PROJECTS In 2016, he Ins i u e o Du ch Lexicology ans o med in o he mo e b oadly o ien ed Du ch Language Ins i u e. This change wen hand in hand wi h he enewed ask o he gene al Sec e a ia o he NTU, which was o ocus on policy asks, lea ing he execu i e asks o he INT. To he Du ch Language Ins i u e his ans e o asks o e ed he oppo u- 5 Wûs e Eugen (1979). 6 A ailable a : h p://www.in o e m.in o. 7 A ailable a : h ps://www. e mne .o g. 8 A ailable a : h ps://www. ekom.de. 9 A ailable a : h ps://www. echnical-communica ion.o g. 1 3Te minologija | 2021 | 28 ni y o b oaden i s own ac i i ies. The ins i u e became he cen al poin o con ac ega ding he keeping and main enance o digi al language ma e ials and he sa ekeeping o da a collec ions ela ed o any a ia ions o Du ch. This e olu ion e lec s he s ongly al e ed landscape o linguis- ic esea ch: la ge language in as uc u es a e digi ally se up and con ain he co po a, dic iona ies and o he specialised lexicons and da abases, g amma and so much mo e. The ins i u e de elops and p o ides da a o dic iona ies, (compu a ional) lexicons, co po a and ools. The dic iona ies a e online accessible. So wa e and compu a ional linguis ic ools a e a ail- able as open sou ce. The INT akes up a cen al posi ion in he whole o he Du ch-speaking wo ld ( he Ne he lands, Flande s, Su iname and he Ca ibbean) as a de- elope , keepe and dis ibu o o schola ly and sus ainable language e- sou ces. The ins i u e is well-equipped o his ask and has a la ge in e - na ional ne wo k o he exchange o in o ma ion wi h like-minded ins i- u ions. The Du ch Language Ins i u e also p o ides he necessa y building blocks o all language applica ions aimed a he de elopmen and imp o e- men o businesses and public o ganisa ions. We in end o s eng hen his ole in he coming yea s, which is why we a e ocusing on he sus ainable dis ibu ion o any language ma e ials, wi h an emphasis on: · he Du ch ocabula y, bo h his o ical and con empo a y, bo h s an- da d language and he dialec s, bo h gene al language and p o es- sional language; ·new echnologies and echniques o make he In e ne accessible o linguis ic esea ch and o he ongoing main enance o con- s an ly upda ed, ex ensi e co po a o con empo a y Du ch; ·con ibu ion o he accessibili y o his o ical ex ma e ial (coming om inside and ou side o he INT), in which he conside able spelling a ia ion is no longe a sea ch impedimen and ways a e o e ed o de ec and ci cum en a ia ions in wo d use; ·use o and con ibu ion o new compu a ional linguis ic o lan- guage echnology echniques in aid o in o ma ion e ie al om language ma e ials; · o mal s uc u ing o linguis ic in o ma ion, making i sui able o compu a ional linguis ic applica ions; · u he expansion o spelling in o ma ion; 1 4 F ieda S eu s Te minology a he Du ch Language Ins i u e: Towa ds a Cen e o Expe ise o P o essional Language · ealisa ion o acili ies o hi d pa ies o con ibu e in e ac i ely o he desc ip ion o he Du ch language and he op imiza ion o he cen al digi al da a in as uc u e o his pu pose; ·becoming a poin o con ac o all language eache s and building an in as uc u e o language ma e ials ha a e use ul and necessa y o he suppo o eaching Du ch o a ious ypes o language lea ne s. The ins i u e esponds o he new de elopmen s in he ield o Digi al humani ies. In o de o ul il his ole, he INT keeps and main ains a digi al in as uc u e o he Du ch language, paying a en ion o language a ia ion ( e minology, dialec s, e c.). Bo h academic and non-academic pa ies can make use o his in as uc u e. The INT sees a clea o e lap be ween i s own ac i i ies – he cen al da a in as uc u e – and ecen de elopmen s wi hin he ehumani ies. Wi h i s own expe ise, he INT con ibu es o he digi al u u e o he humani ies in he Ne he lands and Flande s. On he one hand, knowledge and p oduc s a e deli e ed in aid o o he scien i ic o ganisa ions, and on he o he hand collabo a- ion wi h he ehumani ies enhances he quali y o he cen al da a in- as uc u e o he Du ch language. In he nex yea s we will wo k close- ly oge he wi h cen es o digi al humani ies a a ious uni e si ies and wi h ne wo ks such as he kNAW humani ies Clus e (Ne he lands), Digi al humani ies Benelux and he WOg Digi al humani ies (Flande s). The INT unc ions as a Cla in cen e o Flande s and in o ms Flemish esea che s abou he la es de elopmen s in he ield o linguis ic sou c- es and he wide linguis ic in as uc u e in Eu ope (Cla in-E ic)10. This allows e e y esea che o lea n mo e abou access o eposi o ies, s an- da ds, me ada a, a ailable co po a, he me hods o encode hei own co pus ma e ial, s o age acili ies, e c. Tha an in as uc u e like he INT’s can become a eal digi al pla o m o all language ma e ials is an in e es ing and qui e ecen de elopmen . Fo a long ime, a en ion bo h in heo e ical and applied linguis ics had been ocused on he gene al s anda d language, which was s udied om a diach onic and synch onic poin o iew. Public ins i u ions o language we e no expec ed o build collec ions o dialec s, egiolec s o specialis p o essional language. 10 A ailable a : h ps://www.cla in.eu. 1 5Te minologija | 2021 | 28 Only when he insigh s in o language a ia ion changed, he s ep was made o a wide esea ch ield, desc ibing he comple e language spec um wi h a en ion o all egis e s. F om highly specialis e ms o mo e com- mon e ms o echnical o scien i ic concep s in s anda d language, o local speech, egional a ia ion and in o mal usage: he whole ange is now co e ed. I was no mo e han a logical s ep o embed he Cen e o Expe ise o Du ch Te minology (ENT) in an exis ing ins i u e ha makes all lan- guage ma e ials a ailable. The ENT is a junc ion in a wide ne wo k o ela ions bo h wi h he e minological ield and wi h mo e gene al social sec o s and wide use g oups. Two lines o policy a e being u he de eloped: ·The ENT p o ides di e si ied suppo ing acili ies wi h ega d o e minology, especially Du ch e minology. ·The ENT posi ions i sel in he e minological ne wo k by means o con ac o collabo a ion wi h e minological associa ions o e - minology- ela ed ins i u ions, bo h na ionally and in e na ionally. The ENT is pa o he wide INT o ganisa ion. Fo he sake o he ecognisabili y o his s uc u al connec ion and also o make use o he wide epu a ion o he INT websi e, he ENT has no de eloped a sepa- Fig. 1. The connec ion be ween gene al language and p o essional language: a con inuous spec um 2 2 F ieda S eu s Te minology a he Du ch Language Ins i u e: Towa ds a Cen e o Expe ise o P o essional Language Fig. 4. De ails o he lexicog aphic wo king en i onmen in Lex’i 2 3Te minologija | 2021 | 28 2 4 F ieda S eu s Te minology a he Du ch Language Ins i u e: Towa ds a Cen e o Expe ise o P o essional Language Fig. 5. The use iendly e sion o he medical pilo in Lexi ’ 2 5Te minologija | 2021 | 28 2 6 F ieda S eu s Te minology a he Du ch Language Ins i u e: Towa ds a Cen e o Expe ise o P o essional Language 3. CONCLUSION The c ea ion o he Cen e o Expe ise o Du ch Te minology has allowed us o b ing oge he a lo o in e es ing in o ma ion on p o es- sional language and on how he Du ch language has de eloped in he ield o science and echnology. The cen e also makes i possible o build a la ge ne wo k oge he wi h go e nmen s, businesses, in e na ional in- s i u ions and use s such as eache s and ansla o s. Such a cen e can ce ainly be o g ea ex a alue and maybe se e as a sou ce o inspi a ion o o he language communi ies. REFERENCES Ve oo n Ad (ed.) 1992: Samenwe kings e band Nede lands alige Te minologie. Te minologielee : Beleid en P ak ijk. – Voo ze en 38, The hague, S ich ing Bibliog aphia Nee landica. V oomen Pim de (ed.) 1990: Te minologie in he Nede landse Taalgebied. Ve slagen en appo en o e he ee s e d ieja enplan (1988–2000) an he Samenwe kings e band Nede lands alige Te minologie (SaNT). – Voo ze en 32, The hague. S ich ing Bibliog aphia Nee landica. Wüs e Eugen [1979]: In oduc ion o he Gene al Theo y o Te minology and Te minological Lexicog aphy, Wien, Sp inge . SOURCES h p://www.in o e m.in o/ h ps://co dis.eu opa.eu/p ojec /id/LRE63090/ esul s h ps://ec.eu opa.eu/in o/ esou ces-pa ne s/eu opean-mas e s- ansla ion-em _en h ps://i dn .o g/ e minologie/expe isecen um/ h ps://i dn .o g/woo denboeken/algemeen-nede lands-woo denboek/ h ps://www.cla in.eu/ h ps://www.geneeskundeboek.nl/pinkho -geneeskundig-woo denboek h ps://www.nic iz.nl/english/ h ps://www.nic iz.nl/o e ig/ an-eenduidige-in o ma ie-ui wisseling- o -hulpmiddel- oo -be e e-zo g/ h ps://www.nl e m.eu/ h ps://www.snomed.o g/ h ps://www. echnical-communica ion.o g/ h ps://www. ekom.de/ h ps://www. e mne .o g/ h ps://www.iso.o g/s anda d/62510.h ml TERMINOLOGIJA OLANDŲ KALBOS INSTITUTE: ŽINGSNIAI PROFESINĖS KALBOS ŽINIŲ CENTRO SUKŪRIMO LINK San auka S aipsnyje ap ašomas augan is susidomėjimas e minų inkiniais, specializuo ų žo- dynų s a ba i p o esinės olandų kalbos žinių cen o sukū imas. Olandų kalba kalban- ys egionai u i seniai gy uojančią (kalbinio) bend ada bia imo adiciją. Nuo XX a. 8-ojo dešim mečio eikė kele as pa ne ysčių i komi e ų. Ekonominė eikla i p o e- sinės kalbos a ojimas y a glaudžiai susiję. S ip ios Nyde landų i Fland ijos ekono- 2 7Te minologija | 2021 | 28 mikos inkos, daugybė e slų nulėmė p o esionalių eks ų, ski ų klien ams, iekėjams i echnikams, po eikį. Šie eks ai u ėjo bū i g ei ai pa eng i ski ingomis kalbomis, odėl iškilo e minų inkinių i e minologijos duomenų bazių po eikis. Šis eiškinys neabejo inai p isidėjo p ie olandų e minologijai ski os konsul acinės pla o mos su- kū imo. Me ams bėgan , p adedan XX a. 9-uoju dešim mečiu, ma ėme didelių skai - meninių e minologijos duomenų bazių, okių kaip Eu odicau om (daba – IATE), au- gimą Eu opos ins i ucijose. S aipsnyje ap a iamas i Vienos e minologijos mokyklos (Bend osios e minologijos eo ijos) iškilimas, In o e m i Te mNe bei a p au inio e - minologijos inklo aidmuo. Olandų kalbos ins i u as (INT) a lieka s a bų aidmenį kalbinėje bend uomenėje, p z., siekia suku i in as uk ū ą, ku i eik ų kaip eali skai meninė pla o ma, api- man i isą kalbinę medžiagą. Ilgą laiką daugiausia dėmesio eo inėje i aikomojoje kalbo y oje bu o ski iama bend inei kalbai i jos diach oniniams i sinch oniniams y- imams. Suda y i a mių, egiolek ų a p o esinės kalbos inkinius nebu o als ybinių kalbos ins i ucijų ikslas. Tik pasikei us požiū iui į kalbos a mainas, bu o ženg as žingsnis į pla esnį y imų lauką, ku iame y a ap ašomas isas kalbinis spek as, o dėmesys y a k eipiamas į isas kalbos a mainas. Nuo specialiųjų i bend esnių echninių a mokslinių e minų ben- d inėje kalboje iki ie inių kalbinių a ian ų, egioninių a mainų i ne o maliosios a osenos – daba ap ėpiamos isos kalbos a mainos. Olandų e minologijos žinių cen o (ENT) in eg a imas į jau egzis uojan į ins i u ą, ku iame bū ų p ieinama isa kalbinė medžiaga, bu o logiškas žingsnis. Šiame s aipsnyje ap ašome užduo is i konk ečius ENT e minologijos p ojek us. Jie apima e minų inkinius, p og amines p iemones, Te m aad (ES) i Te m aad aka- demijos a lik ą da bą. Pabaigoje pa eikiame bandomojo medicinos p ojek o, ku iame susiejama medicinos s i ies e minija i bend inės kalbos žodynas, pa yzdžių. gau a 2021-06-14 F ieda S eu s Rapenbu g 61 N2311 gJ Leiden E-mail ieda.s eu s@i dn .o g