Povilo Matulionio „Žolyne“ pateiktų augalų genčių vardų autoriniai šaltiniai

BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 ALBINA AUKSORIŪTĖ Lietuvių kalbos institutas GENUS NAMES OF PLANTS PRESENTED IN POVILAS MATULIONIS GREENHOUSE AUTHOR SOURCES KEY WORDS: plant genus name, author's source, botany dictionary, plant nomenclature, Povilas Matulionis Herbarium, botany nomenclature. ANNOTATION The article examines the first printed dictionary of botanical terms in Lithuania – the plant nomenclature Žolynas prepared by Povilas Matulionis. Parts II. The Lithuanian plant dictionary and plant taislas (1906) presents Lithuanian names of plant genera, their authorial sources are identified, the original forms of plant genus names used by Jurgis Ambraziejus Pabrėža and Laurynas Ivinskis are presented in the dictionary. The names of plant genera given by J. A. Pabrėža in the nomenclature under analysis are compared with the names of plant genera given in his manuscript Taislius augyminis and in J. A. Pabrėža’s dictionary Botanika or Taislius augyminis printed in America in 1900. The names of L. Ivinski’s plant genera presented in the herbarium are compared with the names of plant genera used in two of L. Ivinski’s manuscripts (Scaurus Agaricus aptariami ir paties Žolyno sudarytojo Povilo Matulionio bei kitų autorių sukurti augalų genčių rufo divaceus and Prigimtūmenėje). Short names. INTRODUCTION The first Lithuanian dictionaries and nomenclators of botanical terms were prepared as early as the beginning of the 19th century: the priest Jurgis Ambraziejus Pabrėža (1771–1849) from Žemaitija, who began to systematically organize natural science terms and nomenclatural names, was the first author of dictionaries of these terms. In 1821 he wrote a bilingual dictionary Dictionarium Botanicum Latino Samogiticum. ALBINA AUKSORIUTĖ. Author’s Sources of Plant Genus Names Presented in Povilas Matulionis’s Zoology | 2 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 (Latin-Samoyed language botany dictionary) and included 860 plant names. Alphabetical list of plant 1834 m. J. A. Pabrėža pabaigė rengti 505 puslapių darbą Sryje Balsenyyny, tai taip pat dvikalbis morphology terms in Latin and Lithuanian. In 1843 he completed his most important work Taislius augyminis (Tayslós augumynynis), in which he described in detail the entire vegetation of Žemaitija: he discussed the structure of plants, explained the terms of plant morphology, described 643 flowering plants and 150 genera of spore plants and fungi. The mentioned works by yourself 1 J. A. The emphasis could not be printed. His manuscript was published by the Lithuanian Language Institute several years ago: the first part of the manuscript appeared in 2009, the second part in 2014, and the remaining part of the manuscript was completed in 2015 (see TA I, TA II, TA III). 2 The works of another Žemaites – the teacher Laurynas Ivinskis (1810–1881) are also important for the terminology of botany, especially his unprinted manuscript Prigimtùmėné, turenté sawieje dalijkus źemies, żoliun and giwunun with the display of anun wartojimo (hereinafter – Prigimtūmenė), written about 1870. In the second part of this manuscript, Žolėmina, the author presents a systematic nomenclature of fungi and plants, which includes Lithuanian names of 218 families and over 2520 genera (for more details see Žolėmina). Jankevičius, Jankevičienė 1962: 151–163; Auksoriūtė 2000; 2004). In 1900, on the initiative of the editor of the newspaper Dirva published in Lithuanian language in America, priest Antanas Milukas, a part of J. A. Pabrėža’s manuscript of Taislius’s botanical works, entitled Botanika or Taislius augminis, was printed. It is the first Lithuanian printed dictionary of botanical terms, which also includes a nomenclature of plants, only it was printed in America. The second printed Lithuanian dictionary of botanical terms is the hectographed publication Lietuviški augalų pavadinimai (Lithuanian Plant Names), published in 1902 in Irbit, Russia. A Lithuanian-Latin dictionary of botanical terms prepared by Kazimieras Drąsutavičius. It is a 42-page dictionary, signed by Buginis' pseudonym (see more. Kruopas 1998 (1975): 266–267; Klimavičiūtė 2005: 26; LKTŽ 2008: 13). The first printed dictionary of botany in Lithuania was published in 1906 by Povilas Matulionis. Parts II. 3 Lietuvos augalų žodynas ir augalų taislas (hereinafter referred to as Žolynas), although chronologically it is the third printed dictionary in this field (see Figure 1). It is a plant nomenclature, which also contains some botanical terms. 1 Apie J. A. Pabrėžos kalbą ir rašybą plačiau žr. Subačius (1996: 10–113; 2009: 9–28). 2 The manuscript Taislius augyminis was prepared for press by Dr. Rita Šepetytė, I thank her for her advice. 3 The first page of the book indicates 1906, because the book was planned to be published that year, but the printing press delayed it, so the cover indicates 1907. ALBINA AUKSORIŪTĖ. Povilo Matulionio Žolyne pateiktų augalų genčių vardų autoriniai šaltiniai | 3 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 P. Matulionis (1860–1932) – a famous Lithuanian forester, scientist and educator. “Many of P. Matulionis’s works have to use the term first: he was the first to publish a local history article in Lithuanian (1891), the first to describe amber in Lithuanian (1922) and was recognized as the first local historian; he was the first Lithuanian to establish the limits of Lithuanian distribution in Vilnius Governorate (1901) and prepared an ethnographic map; he is the co-author of the first Lithuanian fisheries and aquaculture development programme (1903) <...>; He prepared and published the first Lithuanian dictionary of plant names (1906), known as Žolynas, the first dictionary of geografinį žemėlapį (1923), pirmąjį reljefinį žemėlapį Lietuvių ir latvių žemė (1921); jis vadovavo botanical names in Lithuania (1907), the first dictionary of botanical names in Lithuania (1909), the first dictionary of botanical names in Lithuania (1910). 1 PAV. The Grassland Cover ALBINA AUKSORIUTĖ. Author’s Sources of Plant Genus Names Presented in Povilas Matulionis’s Zoology | 4 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 P. Matulionis, who started preparing the nomenclature of plants, had already accumulated a number of Lithuanian plant names as a Lithuanian forester. He had an undisputed advantage over his predecessors and contemporaries, because he had studied botany at the St. Petersburg Forestry Institute and received the scientific foundations of plant systematics (Deltuvas 2014: 312). Matulionis planned to publish a two-part work: the first part was to describe the morphology of plants and provide illustrations, and the second part was to consist of a Lithuanian plant dictionary and plant system. The first part remained unreleased. As Jonas Dagys writes, “the main obstacle was the transfer of his place of service from Lithuania to Smolensk. Having found himself far from Vilnius, he could no longer maintain close relations with Vilnius publishers, or perhaps the administrative work increased, preventing the author from devoting himself to purely scientific work” (Dagys 1957: 33). In the preface to the book, P. Matulionis states what he aimed to achieve by preparing the dictionary: "1. to give the number of plants known in our homeland, 2. to gather together the knowledge scattered everywhere, 3. to arrange and harmonize them, as well as the confused names of plants in the language of people and in writings, thereby reducing the number of contradictions” (Z 3). He emphasized that in the living language of people, and even more often in keleriopai. Autorius nurodė ir principus, kaip tuos dalykus pateikia vardyne: „Tokiuose writings, 2-3 different plants are named with one word, and vice versa – one plant is named in occasions I have raised only those names that are broadly understood, or more accurately they express the plant’s species, or older origins, or meaning are confirmed in the languages of our neighboring nations: Latvian, Polish, Russian” (Z 3). According to P. Matulionis, about 3000 Lithuanian plant names were selected from 5000 heard or read words. The author rejected some names as incorrect, because not all of the word selectors knew botany or Lithuanian language, and those who provided the plant names did not always know the plant, so they gave inaccurate names. Only the names of plants growing in Lithuania are included in the Herbarium, P. Matulionis did not include the names of potted and imported plants (Z 4). There are 716 plant genera and about 2,000 species named in the herb garden. It should be noted that the nomenclature does not distinguish, i.e. presents together, the names of plants and fungi. At that time, fungi were classified as plants, they were not yet separated into a separate kingdom, so in this article fungi are also considered as part of plants. P. Matulionis's Herbarium consists of three parts: 1. The index is equal to the Latin alphabet; 2. Indicator equal to Lithuanian alphabet; 3. The plant order is equal to the historical-natural order. The first part contains the names of the plants ALBINA AUKSORIUTĖ. Author’s Sources of Plant Genus Names Presented in Povilas Matulionis’s Zoology | 5 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 in Latin alphabet; First the Latin name is given, then the Lithuanian name with the reference of the author who mentioned it and the Russian and Polish equivalents. The name of the genus is given first, followed by the names of the species, e.g. : Asperugo. L. – Grub. P. (Ašryna) – Ostritsa – Lepczyca A. procumbens. L. – S. blue. – O. Lying – L. Leząca (Z 10). It is rare that only the name of the genus is given, for example, Ligustrum. – Lubistras, Mln. – Ligustr. (Z 37), the names of the species are usually given, and the number of them varies, with some plants mentioned over ten species names, for example, 15 species names are given in the float (see fig. 2). 2 PAV. Page 48 of 48 Synonyms of some Lithuanian names of genera and species are also given, they are written in parentheses, e.g. : Althaea – Ybiškė. P. (Rose) (v. 7); Lactarius trivialis F. – Small-leaved Beech IV. ALBINA AUKSORIŪTĖ. Povilo Matulionio Žolyne pateiktų augalų genčių vardų autoriniai šaltiniai | 6 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 (S. 35). Synonyms are written without parentheses, e.g. : Convallaria, Lin. - Smoothies. hillhead (V 21); Cornus mas – Sedula tikroji P., Smiltre Iv. (Z 21). It is common for the name of a Lithuanian genus to be given as a synonym for a species name, e.g. : Lamium L. – Notruole (Deaf Dill) (Z 35). It is worth noting that not all names of genera and species have Russian and Polish equivalents, e.g. : Ptilidium – Kerpunele – Eagle’s Nest P. ciliare Ness. – K. Pintinele Mln. The witch-hunter (Ž 49) Sphaerella Wittr – Apivale P. A. a. aethiopicus (A. A. Auers) (Ž 56). In the second part of the Herbarium, the Lithuanian names of plant genera and species are written in the Lithuanian alphabet, with their Latin equivalents indicated next to them (see Figure 3). 3 PAV. Beginning of part II of the grassland, page 63 ALBINA AUKSORIUTĖ. Author’s Sources of Plant Genus Names Presented in Povilas Matulionis’s Zoology | 7 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 In the third part of the Herbarium, P. Matulionis presents a plant system based on the principles set out by the Danish botanist Johan Eugenius Warming (1841–1924) in his work Ecological Geography of Plants (Oekologische Pflanzengeographie, 1896) (Deltuvas 2014: 315). Its presentation is shown in Figure 4. As Jonas Dagys emphasizes, “[J]if we compare this system of P. Matulionis with the current phylogenetic system of plants, we will see that only the division of ringless plants is now classified differently: what Matulionis considered as classes is now considered as separate types. And in the system of flowering plants no fundamental changes occurred” (Dagys 1957: 33). 4 PAV. 2019. doi:10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11. ALBINA AUKSORIŪTĖ. Povilo Matulionio Žolyne pateiktų augalų genčių vardų autoriniai šaltiniai | 8 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 The works of P. Matulionis and his garden have been written mainly by natural science researchers: in 1957 a collection of articles was published Įžymus lietuvių miškų ūkininkas – prof. Povilas Matulionis, in 2014 Romualdas Deltuva published a monograph Povilas Matulionis: ateities pradžia – tai mes. The aim of this article is to identify the original forms of tribal names based on P. Matulionio pateiktų Žolyno augalų genčių vardų autorinius šaltinius, vardyne pateiktų augalų the descriptive comparative method. The basis of the comparison is the names given in the manuscripts of J. A. Pabrėža and L. Ivinskis. The object of the article is 716 Lithuanian names of plant genera presented in the first part of the Herbarium, excluding synonyms. In the afterword of Žolynas, P. Matulionis presented a list of the sources used, and as the last source he indicated the names of plants he had collected from various corners of Lithuania over the course of 15 years. In addition to the Lithuanian name of the plant, he usually gave the abbreviation of the surname of the researcher who wrote or proposed the name of the plant, and the list of abbreviations was placed at the end of the book (see Figure 5). The list contains 17 abbreviations, but after reviewing the abbreviations of Lithuanian tribe names given in the first part, several more abbreviations were found, not included in the list, e.g. : Ficus – stega Al., Melilotus – barkuns Al., Platanus – jievaras All. ; Actaea – blackberry Hag., Chaerophyllum – star of the valley Hag., Cardamine – cress H.; Ceramium – ragmaure I.; Elaphomyces – nuts Sember. ; Lupinus – lupin Staug., Viburnum – viburnum Staug., Castanea – chestnut St.; Conferva – maurena Z.; As can be seen from the Lithuanian botanical dictionary (hereinafter – LBŽ), the names stega (LBŽ 142) and barkūnas (LBŽ 218) are accompanied by the abbreviations Alk and Mln, while theyvaro (LBŽ 266) is accompanied by Alk. The latter abbreviation is an abbreviation of the surname of Jon Aleksas, his list of plant names collected in Suvalkija was used by Jonas Staugaitis (LBŽ XXIX), and Mln is an abbreviation of the surname of P. Matulionis. Thus, P. Matulionis, apparently, as Al. shortened J. Aleksa's surname, only a proofreading error was added to his name. The same error can be considered and abbreviations Hag. and H. bei Staug. and St. inequalities. The first are abbreviations of K. G. Hagen’s surname, although in the list of abbreviations P. Matulionis shortened Hg., and the second are abbreviations of J. Staugaitis’s surname. This is confirmed by LBŽ data. It is difficult to say ALBINA AUKSORIUTĖ. Author’s Sources of Plant Genus Names Presented in Povilas Matulionis’s Zoology | 9 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 what the abbreviations I., Sember., Z. and Ž. mean, because the LBŽ states that ragmaurė is a name given by J. A. Pabrėža, and išnė – by L. Ivinskis. (see LBŽ 79 and 237). 5 PAV. Surname abbreviations list, page 110 1. Similar names of plant genera in Žolyno and J. A. Pabrėžos manuscripts The main part of Žolyno contains the names of plant genera provided by J. A. Pabrėžas – there are 303 of them. As an adult (hereinafter referred to as BT), released in America pratarmėje nurodo P. Matulionis, jis naudojosi J. A. Pabrėžos žodynu Botanika arba Taislius in 1900 (Z 3). This dictionary prints a small list, about which the preface to BT says: “The most J. A. Pabrėžos 1843 m. rankraščio Taislius augyminis (toliau – TA) dalis – įvadas ir augalų important thing in this work is an alphabetical list of plants found in the western part of Lithuania, with a prefix to each Latin name” (BT 8). The editors of BT indicated that J. A. Pabrėža’s work was written in Žemaičių kalba, only the spelling was changed during printing: “Let’s print everything we have, word for word, changing only the spelling.” (BT 8). ALBINA AUKSORIUTĖ. Author’s Sources of Plant Genus Names Presented in Povilas Matulionis’s Zoology | 16 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 Slightly fewer names of plant genera are presented in Žolinyje with the abbreviation of the name of Friedrich Kuršaitis – 33: Ervum, Eupatorium, Guajacum, Helichrysum, Malva, Mandragora, Petasites, Primula, Tragopogon, Xanthium, etc. P. Matulionis kaip šaltinius nurodė ir Konstantino Sirvydo, Fridricho Kuršaičio, Mykolo 3) and other authors (Z 3). Some authors (Bakutis, Adalberto Bezzenbergeris, Gabrielė Petkevičaitė Bitė, Kazis Grinius, Petras Matulaitis, Georg Heinrich Ferdinand Nesselmann, Konstantinas Sirvydas, etc.) have only a few names, so they will not be discussed in more detail, except that the total number of such names is 71. These are such names as papartys Širv. (Aspidium), varnish shirv. (Lappa), balkuote Grn. (Brisa), barškuti Grn. (Rhinanthus), bitch-criesle Ness. (Calaminta), pear Ness. "Bezz". bezz.org. (Typha), a star of the night Hag. (Chaerophyllum), cress Hg. (Cardamine), odors Gabr. (Asparagus), jurginas Gabr. (Dahlia), chard Jac. (Atropa), snowman Jac. (Galanthus), delgutis Mlt. (Erodium), snaudale Mlt. (Leontodon), a bitch Staug. (Viburnum), jievaras All. (Platanus). The contribution of both these and the already discussed authors to the terminology of the Žolyno plant genera, expressed as a percentage, is shown in Figure 6. 6 PAV. Sources of the names of plants in the herbarium by author, per cent 42% 20% 9% 5% 10% 14% J. A. Pabrėža L. Ivinskis P. Matulionis F. Kuršaitis Other Not specified ALBINA AUKSORIŪTĖ. Povilo Matulionio Žolyne pateiktų augalų genčių vardų autoriniai šaltiniai | 17 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 The herbarium also contains the names of 102 plant genera without any abbreviations, such as: chestnut (Aesculus), alder (Alnus), alopecurus, dill (Anethum), arnica (Arnica), corynephorus, diatomite (Diatoma), furcelaria, gentiana, limosella, ononis, oxycoccos, potentilla, ptilidium, rhytisma, scheuchzeria, schizophyllum, tropaeolum, urtica, zanichelia. CONCLUSIONS 1.P. Matulionis's Herbarium is the first printed botanical nomenclature in Lithuania, which presents the names of plants and mushrooms growing in Lithuania, collected from the living spoken language and from various writings and manuscripts. The abbreviations of the surname of the author who wrote down or created the name show that about 86 per cent of all the names of plants and fungi presented in the ZOLYN have an author’s source. P. Matulionis presented a list of abbreviations of 17 surnames, but the register also contains more abbreviations of surnames, from which two more surnames – J. Aleksas and J. Staugaitis – emerge. names taken from J. A. Pabrėža's dictionary 2. Didžiausią Žolyne duodamų augalų genčių vardų dalį (42 proc. visų genčių vardų) sudaro Botanika or Taislius augyminis (BT), published in America in 1900, which printed a small part of J. A. Pabrėža's 1843 manuscript Taislius augyminis. However, only slightly more than half of the names of plant genera assigned to J. A. Pabrėžis in Žolinys are presented in the same way as they are presented in BT, the other part, slightly smaller, shows the differences in nomenclatures. The spelling of the names of plant genera in the BT was changed compared to the manuscript of J. A. Pabrėža, and the form of some names was also changed. Mr. Matulionis, taking over the names of BT, also changed some of them. As many as 11 names of plant genera, presented in Žolynas with the abbreviation of J. A. Pabrėža's surname, are not included in J. A. Pabrėža's manuscript or in the BT, so they are probably not taken from this author raštų. 3. half the number of mushrooms drawings with the abbreviation of L. Ivinskis’s surname are nei vardų su J. A. Pabrėžos pavardės santrumpa. P. Matulionis kaip šaltinį nurodė L. Ivinskio included in Žolynas, but when comparing the mushroom genus names included in Žolynas with the remaining manuscripts of the mushroom atlas prepared by L. Ivinskis, it was determined that only 8 mushroom genus names could be taken from them. ALBINA AUKSORIUTĖ. Author’s Sources of Plant Genus Names Presented in Povilas Matulionis’s Zoology | 18 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 When comparing the names of the plant genera in the Zoliny with the names of another manuscript by L. Ivinskis – Prigimtūmenė, it is clear that the names of the plant genera used in the nomenclature are not from this manuscript by L. Ivinskis. Most likely, P. Matulionis used other manuscripts of L. Ivinskis or secondary sources. 4. The herbarium contains about 9% of the names of plant genera given by the author of the nomenclature, P. Matulionis. Some of the names of these plant genera were taken from colloquial language, and more than half were probably composed by the author himself. Among P. Matulionis's names of plant genera, most are derived from adverbs. 5. Names of plant genera created or recorded by other authors (F. Kuršaitis, K. Sirvydas, M. Miežinis, F. Nesselman, K. Grinius, etc.) are presented only a few at a time, they constitute about 10% of all names of plant genera in Žolynas. ŠALTINIAI BT – Pabrėža A. 1900: Botanika arba Taislius Auguminis, Shenandoah, Pa. GA – Ivinskis L. Scaurus Agaricus rufo divaceus, rankraštis saugomas Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos instituto bibliotekos Rankraštyne, F1-661. Pr – Ivinskis L. Prigimtūmenė (Prigimtùmené turenté sawieje dalijkus źemies, żoliun ir giwunun su parodimu anun wartojimo), rankraštis saugomas Lenkijos mokslų akademijos bibliotekoje Krokuvoje, 1 d. katalogo nr. 1801; 2 d. katalogo nr. 2824. LBŽ – Lietuviškas botanikos žodynas, red. J. Dagys. Kaunas, 1938. LKŽe – Lietuvių kalbos žodynas (t. 1–20, 1941–2002): elektroninis variantas, vyr. red. G. Naktinienė Vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas, 2005 (atnaujinta versija, 2008). Prieiga internete www.lkz.lt. TA I – Pabrėža J. A. Taislius augyminis. I–223. Parengė O. Kažukauskaitė, R. Šepetytė. Vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas, 2009. TA II – Pabrėža J. A. Taislius augyminis. 224–776. Parengė R. Šepetytė. Vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas, 2014. TA III – Pabrėža J. A. Taislius augyminis. 777–980. Parengė R. Šepetytė. Vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas, 2015. ALBINA AUKSORIŪTĖ. Povilo Matulionio Žolyne pateiktų augalų genčių vardų autoriniai šaltiniai | 19 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 "Matulinis P. Žolynas". Parts II. Lithuanian plant dictionary and plant taislas, Vilnius: M. Kutkos spaustuvė, 1906. LITTERACY Auksoriūtė A. 2000: Laurynas Ivinskis terminology works. Doctoral dissertation. Auksoriūtė A. 2004: New Words in Prigimtūmenės of L. Ivinskis. – History of terminology and current problems, Vilnius: Lithuanian Language Institute publishing house, Auksoriūtė A. 2012: Manuscript of 127–149. Lauryno Ivinskio mushroom atlas. – Science, culture and education of the dawn: to mark the 200th anniversary of the birth of Laurynas Ivinskis, Vilnius: Lithuanian Language Institute, 1957. 217–243. – Famous Lithuanian forester – Prof. Povilas 31–39. Matsumoto, pp. 31–39. Deltuvas R. 2014: Povilas Matulionis: The beginning of the future – that’s us, Kaunas: Lututė. Jankevičius K., Jankevičienė R. 1962: Some new data about L. Ivinskis's works lietuviškos botanikos terminijos srityje. – Botanikos klausimai 2, 151–163. Klimavičiūtė J. 2005: Creators of Lithuanian botany terminology in the first half of the 20th century. – Botanica Lithuanica, Supplementum 8, 25–28. Kruopas J. 1998 (1975): K. Drąsutavičiaus (Drąsučio) dictionaries and lists of terms. – Selected papers, Vilnius: Institute of Science and Encyclopedia Publishing, 265–271. LKTŽ 2008: Dictionaries of Lithuanian language terms: Annotated bibliographic index 1900-2005 / Gaivenytė-Butler J., Keinys S., Noreikaitė A., Vilnius: Lithuanian Language Institute. 1988: Laurynas Ivinskis: Monograph. Vilnius: Mokslas. 1996: Ambroise Paré, The Language of the World. – Lithuanian Revival Studies 8: The Person: Between Nation and State, 10–113. 2009. pp. 183. "Ambroise Paré (1843)". – George Ambrosius emphasizes. Taislius augyminis I-223, Vilnius: Lithuanian Language Institute, 9–28. Received 11/12/2019 Adopted on 30 December 2019 ALBINA AUKSORIUTĖ. Author’s Sources of Plant Genus Names Presented in Povilas Matulionis’s Zoology | 20 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 AUTHORIAL SOURCES OF PLANT GENERA NAMES OF POVILAS MATULIONIS’ GROLYNAS Summary The article analyzes 716 Lithuanian plant genera names used in Povilas Matulionis' glossary Žolynas. Parts II. A Dictionary of Plant Names and Plant Species (1906). Matulionis' Žolynas is the first plant glossary published in Lithuania. The name of the plant is displayed next to the abbreviation of the name of the author who wrote or created it. About 86 percent of the names of all the genera of plants and mushrooms presented in Žolynas have such abbreviations. Most of the names included in the glossary are the plant names given by Jurgis Ambraziejus Pabrėža and Laurynas Ivinskis. Most of the plant genera names in Žolynas (42 percent of all genera names) are those of Pabrėža taken from his dictionary Botanika arba Taislius augyminis (BT) published in the USA in 1900, which contains a small part of his manuscript Taislius augyminis of 1843. Slightly more than half of Pabrėža's plant genera names given in Žolynas are identical to those in BT, and the rest of the names given in the dictionaries under analysis have differences. The analysis were not included in any of his has shown that over 10 plant genera names presented in Žolynas with the abbreviation of Pabrėža works under analysis, thus, these names are probably not taken from the writings of the said author. The number of plant genera names by Ivinskis included in Žolynas is twice as small as the number of names by Pabrėža. Matulionis referred to Ivinski’s drawings of mushrooms as a source. However, the analysis shows that only eight mushroom genera names were taken from Ivinski's surviving manuscripts of mushroom atlas Scaurus Agaricus rufo divaceus and included in Žolynas. Comparing the plant genera names given in Žolynas with the names presented in another Ivinski's manuscript Prigimtūmenė, it is clear that Ivinski's plant genera names used in the glossary were taken not from the mentioned manuscript. Most likely, Matulionis used other Ivinski’s manuscripts or secondary sources. ALBINA AUKSORIUTĖ. Author’s Sources of Plant Genus Names Presented in Povilas Matulionis’s Zoology | 21 doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2019.92.11 BENDRINĖ KALBA 92 (2019) www.bendrinekalba.lt ISSN 2351-7204 About 9% of the plant genera names found in Žolynas were given by Matulionis himself, who took part of these plant genera names from colloquial language and, most probably, composed more than half of them himself. Other authors (F. Kuršaitis, K. Sirvydas, M. Miežinis, F. Nesselman, K. Grinius, etc.) have only a few plant names that make up about 10 percent of all plant genera names of the glossary. KEYWORDS: plant genus name, authorial source, a dictionary of botany, plant glossary, Povilas Matulionis’ Žolynas, nomenclature of botany. ALBINA AUKSORIŪTĖ Lietuvių kalbos institutas Petro Vileišio g. 5, LT-10308 Vilnius, Lithuania [email protected]