Kai kurie nauji žemaičių dounininkų tarmių fonetikos dalykai

I'm flying to Albotyros, I'm going to the mall, I'm going to the airport, I'm going to the airport. T S R. M: O K S LY AKADEMI JA SOME NEW SUBJECTS OF PHONETICS OF THE ZEMAIČIAN DOUNINIK DIALECT B. ROKAITĖ I. The intersection of the northern coastal Žemaičių dialects and their precognition! l. Kirtis § 1. a) Mosėdis dialect has main-ancient, main-degressive, secondary-degressive, secondary-degressive and secondary-terminal accents, characteristic of other Žemaičių dialects with general accent degressiveness.” b) The strength of the deductive accents in the descriptive dialect is the same as in other Žemaičių dialektai®. In the dialect, the declination differs from the declination of other Žemaičių dialektai dialects both in its strength and location, and especially in the variations of the accents, so it is analyzed here more extensively. $ 2. a) Subjunctive accent in dialect is given to: a) Long pronouns: klūmpė ~ klūmpiai ‘Klumpés’ „ monei ~ manie, S@uktio ~ šaūkoja'shouts', véfdm ~ vėžame, aplivkju ~ aplifikuo ‘around’. Since all long syllables with a decreasing accent receive a decreasing accent, words often have several decreasing accents: pdrmiiokiejé ~ pėrmokėjai, kidovdrné ~~ kėvarniai ‘kuosas’, pdrséldukiem ~ pėrsilaukėme ‘uZsilaukéme’. ! This section describes more extensive cases of accentuation and pronoun in the northern coastal dounininky dialects. The dialect of the town of Mosėdis (and the surrounding villages —Naujokai, Šaukliai, Igariai, Baksčiai, Nevūčiai, Miesto Kalniškiai, Šerkšniai), located in the north-western corner of the Lithuanian SSR, Skuodas district, 13 km south of the district center, was taken as the basis, which neither in dialect nor in adjectives differs almost from other northern coastal dialects of the Dounininkai, see. J. Aleksandra- "vičius, Kretinga dialekto kirtis ir priegaidė. 97—106, —„Lietuv1957. ių kalbotyros klausimai“, 1, Vilnius, The work follows the phonetic transcription, specified in the „Lietuvių kalbos atlaso medžiagos rinkimo programa“ II ed., Vilnius, 1956, only the length of e, 0 (<i u) and i, ū pronounced with a continuous or broken suffix is not marked: it is indicated by the suffix mark (pčins-> pilnas, kimb~kimba). In the case of doubles pronounced with a secondary test suffix, both syllables are marked as semilong (e.g., D.kd-—-rankėa), although the first syllable is pronounced a little longer than the second. 2 See, V. Grinaveckis, North-West Mudmen- 's Dialect Crossing. —„Lietuvių kalbotyros klausimai“, 1, 109—117, Vilnius, 1957. 3 See, V. Grinaveckis, Phonetic characteristics of the North-West mud dialects and their development (hereinafter referred to as the phonetic characteristics of Shwt). —“Vilniaus Vaist. pedagogical institute (hereinafter VVPI) Mokslo darbai“, 11, $ 10—26, Vilnius, 1960. 141 g) Short syllable between syllables with main-ancient accent with su secondary-transposed accent in long ir syllable: drnėšė dtneSei, mintovd mintuvai, pakdrdms pakuramas ‘rebuilt’, kdlnėškė kalniškiai ~ ~ ~ ~ 'on the mountain live people', Ošpakalis ~ ūžpakalis. If only short po syllables go in the dialect of the main-ancient accent, then all of them are unpronounced: drnešę atnešė, mintovus mintuvus. ~ ~ Yy) Balsiai e, a, e, 9 < a, e, 1, u (see section 4.4). § 10). b) The wingspan is particularly strong. The strongest shifted accent occurs in words with the basic-ancient accent in the long syllable: dabd now ~ ‘still’, sokdm ~ sūkame, mažūsis ~ mūžasis, jOėdėna ~ jud. When the main-ancient consonant is in a long syllable, the consonant is slightly weaker, but clearly audible: lirdėoc lytotas ~ "rainy," I'm down on my ~ knees. ‘downhill’, včikė véikiai ~ "Quickly." If a word has only one shifted ne syllable, the strongest is the last one or the one at the end of iš jų the word: ekiervėrbūlis ekétvirbalis, mūsėujėu mūsųojuo ~ ~ ‘misajam’. . c) Lateral-deferential conjugation can have as many as four prepositions: short, broken, primary continuous in individual cases intermediate ir — (for more on them see §§ 6, 7c, 10, 12). § 3. In general, all dialect words are pronounced, but when speaking monosyllabic words are usually added to the pronounced words. Proclitic ir enclitics in the dialect are conjunctions, prepositions, adverbs, pronouns, e.g. daba pūkošo vuo, "jau, "aštėnta vardu dabar | ~ ‘dar’ pakušu ‘I feel’, o I’m already aštufita ‘einu’; a, "When the night comes, I'll be there, Mom. ~ ar buckwheat “every one? yesterday you drove pry mom; ka, „«būva legūonėnie | e, "beginning those, "aiškis ldidite ~when he was in the hospital, and began to "send" those letters; vwo, "because- ,, don't want to ride because to you don't want to ~ o ride; kilo, tu “che pisti ont _Close ~ ko You're angry with the kid. 2. Priegaidė | § 4. The dialect has the following prefixes: short (*), broken ("), primary and antring testing (*), push (/) and middle (*)*. A brief anticipation. $ 5. a) The short preposition, like in other dialects of the Žemaičių, which detract from the accent, is found in short syllables, which are made up of the vowels a, e, 7, u, e, o, in the following cases: a) in monosyllabic words: kas, nėš, rės ~ ris, lėps ~ lūps (also in monosyllabic words in dialects: laps ~ lūpas, réc ~ rētas, sok ~ suka, žėb ~ žiba); f 8) to pronounce with a digressive accent: dkmdu ~ akmud, svėtės ~ svečiais, pili ~ pili, lip ~ lupi, kėtė ~ kiti, lėpė ~ lupu; | ; 4 In terms of adjectives, the descriptive dialect differs from other Žemaičių dialektai mainly in the abbreviation of the main-ancient accent, in words with a deferred accent (§ 5b), the primary test on e, 0<i, u (§ 9), the abbreviation of the secondary-deferred accent (§ 6), the lauztinė ($ 7c) and the primary continuing ($ 10—12) and the pushing adjective of the deductive accent ($ 14), cf. Here are described in more detail the above mentioned cases of whimsical pronunciation, 142 Y) pronounced with a lateral-final accent: mé.r.ga ~ merga, katės ~ katės, vinis ~ vinis (dgs. gal.), ga.i.dūs ~ gaidžiūs, pė.r.šrė ~ pirštū. b) With a short suffix, a, e are pronounced in dialect, corresponding to the Ik consonants a, e, in diphthongs and polysyllabic words with a shifted accent, e.g.: lapė ~ lapei, žėūddm ~ žadame, rėšėnt ~ rašant, karė ~ kūtei; nėšėns ~ nėšinas, kėlėų kčliuo ~ "way", séné ~ sčnei, vēdēns ~ vēdinas. $ 6. A short syllable with a downward accent may also have a short prefix in a dialect (plg. $ 2a), e.g.: dėdėlė dideliai, ~ ėšnėšdu išnešiau, ~ katėnėu kūtinuo ~ "katinui", Idopėrd ~ lėpetai, Ondėnėi ~ vandenie ‘water’, pavéddu ~ pavedziau, sėsėrėi ~ s€serie ‘brothers’. Slash (and a short preposition) a short syllable gets in the same case in ir other Dounnik dialects, like: pdžastė pažasčiai, ~ kėbėlėu kūbiluo ~ ‘kubilui’ (Grushlauk), in the valley ~ (Kulai I, Skuodo raj.), for collars ~ ‘apikakléms’ (Seda), grey-tail- ~ ed raven ‘place of už door, courtyard’ (Alsėdžiai), pavakdre ~ pavakarė (Garden of Eden, 1996). į The Fireside Prelude. § 7. The stirring preposition corresponds Ik to the firm ir beginning, in su ja dialect pronounced as ir su Ik strongly, long vowels diphthongs, ir e.g.: likt lygsta, lūpa lūpa, šlOuta ~ šlūota, ries tėvas. ~ ~ ~~ Be of the aforemesu ntioned case, with a lauZtine suffix in dialect is also pronounced: a) Secondary diphthongs, originating from iš a, e, ¢, 0 + I, m, n, r, i, 4 for the abbreviation of the ending, e.g. stdls ~ style, $ldm ~ shlima, todns ~ tvanas "flood", gdrs ~ giras, kél kėla ~ ‘kelia’, sém ~ s€ma ‘semia’, séns ~ s€nas, kérs ~ kéras, For pila, ~ green, cart, ~ carriage, month, ~ mine, kj! ~ ~ clay ‘kulia’, stēm ~ stuma ‘stuma’, kor kura ~ 'kuria', kluus ~ kluvas, lei ~ Isha "casting". Instead of dialect lauztinés prepositional vowels a, e Ik in this case pronounced with a su strong adjective, abbreviatio0 7, # — su n, because they are Ik consonants ir in different syllables. b) Long syllables of verb endings (instead of Ik a strong preposition), e.g.: raddu ~ radau, skaitdu ~ skaitu, fend žinai, ~ nešė neséi, rasis ~ ~ rašys, skaitis ~ skaitys; and the third person of the future tense (instead of the abbreviation), e.g.: lis lys Ik ~ 'lis', gis gys ~ ‘gis’, būs būs ~ ‘bus’, ‘will’, ~ ‘will be’, ‘will be’ ‘džus*, Ids ~ 1848 ‘lus’. c) Long syllables with a shifted accent (most often), e.g.: brėpgė ~ brangiai, dailė dailiai, dérbd ~ dirbai, šūokd ~ šdkai, tilėm ~ tYliame ~ ‘silence’, I ~ screamed child ‘child’, pabénge ~ pūbengė ‘pabaigé’, papliiotis ~ pūplotis ‘paplétis’, apréimba ~ šprumbą "sienono juosmenį', pdrsdove ~ pėršovė, pavdlgisi ~ pavilgysi, miosiedie ~ Mėsėdėje ‘Mosédyje’, plaukūosėm ~ plaukiosime, ratpiedé ~ ratpédziai ‘stipinai’, sdrréokies ~ sutrenkés ‘susitrenké’, vdksĖdloddms viikitiodamas. d) Vowels a, e in iStiktukus, e.g.: mdkt ~ makt, būkst ~ bakst, bdpt ~ bépt, klépt klėpt. ~ ~ : Primary test standby. § 8. The primary testiné prefix corresponds to the 1k strong prefix and is found in the dialect in the same cases as the 1k strong prefix, e.g.: kfuds ~ kuodas, mala ~ malo ‘malé’, rūkte ~ rūkti, sége ~ sĖgė, tiste ~ tisti, trūmps trumpas, tėršc tifstas. ~ ~ 143 k bs 3. Anta, e,¢,0 < a, 6, 1, u: a) jvardZivotiniy forms in the singular noun: gérdsis jó, maZdsis ~ miZasis, pastardsis ~ utóbbi, pérmdsis első, ~ mėndsis manasi in ~ prepositional compound ~~ words: apkakle ; b) dpkaklé ir “collar”, apndsris dpnasris, ~ pavakdre pavakarė, pdrsūkė ~ pérsaké, pdrdare ~ pérdarė ~ ~ "perdažė', pdréje ~ pérejo, pdsésére ~ puseseré, pdsmérgéle ~ plsmergelė, pdrré.sa pérriso, ~ pdrlė.pa pérlipo, ~ pdrsg.ka pérsuko ~ (also ZodZiuopse su riesaga -alias: 9Zdordlis ~ uzduralis, ekietvérbalis ~ ekétvirbalis, oSpakūlis uzZpakalis); in ~ verb suffixes c) -av-, ~in-, ~ij-, -ur-: béltGva béltavo, fugdva ~ ūogavo, jodéna judino, ~ eSmalagéna išmalagino, ~ paklabéna paklabino, ~ vdrgé.na vargino, ~ kdulé ~ je ~ kaiilijo, grajéje ~ grijijo, sovitd.ra ~ suvyturo ‘suvyniojo’. | $ 11. Cases where the consonant is in the root of the word? ir has a primary continuous preposition, best expressed in the conjugation paradigm: Singular Plural V. patalkis ~ patalkis patalkė ~ patalkiai K. paralkę mv patalkio paralku ~ patalkiy N. paralkėu ~ pitalkiuo patdlkéms ~ patalkiams G. patalki ~ pūtalkį - patalkus ~ patalus In. paraiko ~ patalkiu patdlkés ~ patalkiais See pardlkie ~ pūtalkėje pardlkis ~ patalkiyse MoteriSkosios genus nouns have the declination in the primary su continuous suffix also in the plural noun ir (plg. loved ~ stepmother, ~ pdsiiostes pūsostės). When the primary continuous prefix is on vowels a, e, 9 (apndsris ~ apnasris, šėlėnę šūlinė, ~ apėše apušė), the ~ singular noun of the plural noun form does ir not get the declination, e.g. : Singular Daugiskaita V. apkdkle ~ dpkaklé apkakles ~ ūpkaklės K. apkakles ~ dpkakiés apkaklu ~ ūpkaklių N. apkaklé ~ dpkaklei apkakliems ~ dpkakléms G. apkdkle ~ dpkakle apkakles ~ dpkakles In. apkakle ~ idpkakle apkakliems ~ dpkaklémis See apkallie ~ dpkakléje apkallies ~ dpkaklése In the paradigm of IvardZiuotiniy forms with the initial continuous preposition of declination at the end of the first point, the following su ja verbs are pronounced: masculine singular noun (initial continuous on a), genitive, adjective feminine singular noun adjective plural, e.g. : ir ir | ——— 7 In the case of words with a declination in the prefix, the initial continuous prefix of the declination occurs in the same vowels as in words with a ir declination su in the root. 10, Language questions, IV 145 fields, kg.rtéios ~ kurtds ‘kuréios’, md.išūs ~ sacks, vd.rlie ~ frog, žud.žvaigždie star. b) Vowels and diphthon- ~ gs with a deductive accent in the third or subsequent syllables of polysyllabic words (except where those vowels or diphthongs are by nature firm beginnings, cf. § 14), e.g.: lėižėdūs ~ liežuviūs, rėistėvūs ~ riestuvūs, sdldéfius ~ saldiniūs, dūmblėna ~ alblina, rūd.kštėfiė ~ rūgštiniū, šdukdniūos ~ šaukiančios'screaming', brdukrėvie ~ brauktuvė. c) Regressive vowel assimilation affected e, 7, u, pronounced with ancient accent, e.g.: kieli ~ kėlį, pieti ~ pėtį, mū.sis ~ mūsys "flies", vi nis ~ vinys, but: kéle ~ kélio, pėte ~ pėčio "shoulder". II. 1998-1999 Dvigarsiy an, en (> Ik 4, ¢, a, e) pachinki in northern dounininky dialects § 16. The old diphthongs an, en, dave Ik ą, g, in all the northern dounininky dialects were converted to go, e, which in some parts of this area have become diphthongs, converted to ou, ei. The diphthongs ou, ei of this origin are found in the northern coastal dounists (Skuodas, Mosėdis, Ylakiai, Salantai- ®, Grūšlaukė, Darbėnai) and the north-eastern dounists corner (Klykoliai, Viekšniai, Akmenė, Papilė)?. § 17. a) In the area mentioned above, the diphthongs of the word root ou, ei, corresponding to Ik ą, €, are both pronounced (strong initials or strong accents) and unpronounced, e.g. : a) to pronounce with the main-ancient accent: kdusnis ~ kāsnis, Oužduls ~ akmuo, Z0usld ~ žąslai, galduste ~ galdsti; drousé ~ boldly (Klykoliai- ); sp0usla ~ "„spąslai 'traps', duSos ~ ąšas 'yourself', skloustis ~ skląstis, spréiste ~ sprésti, paspéiste ~ paspgsti, téills ~ tėvas 'child, thin' (Mosėdis- ); skéiste ~ skgsti, gréiste ~ grézti (Grūšlaukė); 8) pronounced with a digressive accent: rd.u.stūs ~ rastls, drd.u.sds ~ drąsūs, gré.u.stus ~ grąžtūs; Ffusie ~ Zas€ ‘Zasis’ (Akmenė); d.usū ~ axis (Viekšniai); ské.i.s10 ~ skestl, grė.i.ži ~ grezi (Grūšlaukė); Y) not to kiryvati: drousėms ~ courage, fousiena ~ Zasiena; grouphen ~ grazina (Glycols); for rights ~ tesimas, for speeds ~ greZimas; reivgms ~ continuation (Mosédis- ). : b) In the diphthong ou word ožuolas there are also separate dialects, which have an, en < 0, ¢, e.g. : Oužėls ~ oak, oušulins ~ oak grove (Židikai); Ouž0uls ~ oak, oužoulėlis ~ oak tree (Stropeliai and Dupulčiai, Kretinga region); Odužitols ~ oak (Tickinai, Rietavo raj.), but: kOsnis ~ kasnis, galdste ~ galąsti and others. § 18. a) In Ylakis, due to regressive vowel assimilation, the strong-pronounced diphthong dn and the strong-pronounced and strong-pronounced en by on, en > o, e are conjugated u', i“: kansnis > konsnis > kėsnis > kūsnis, brensi > brensi > brėsi > brisi, skensi > skensi > skėsi ~ skisi; the assimilation of the diphthong an does not work, e.g. ždusis ~ Zasys, “"šd.usie ~ gąsėjė “Zasyje’. This is a different pronunciation of the strong and strong-end an. 8 About Ylakius and Salantus only lk ą ~ou, and lk ę—e. * This section is limited to the alterations of the old diphthongs an, en'in the mentioned area of the northern Dunin dialects and indicates the prevalence of the phenomena under consideration. 147 rašęs, vdres ~ vires, lilojęs ~ jėjęs; nusprioges ~ nusprėgęs, prisiedęs ~ pris€des (Cliffs). . b) Different forms of the plural nominative of the past tense of the masculine gender. In Klykolis, Akmena, Viekšniai, two forms of these participants are used: with the ending ¢ and ei, e.g.: biege || biegėi ~ bége, nése || nėšėi ~ nėšę (Viekšniai), priképe || priképéi ~ prikšpę, bj.ve ~ būvę, nusepérke ~ nusipirkę, géméi ~ gime (Klykoliai). In some dialects of the northern coast dounininky (Kretingos!?, Mosėdžio) forms with -e: have regressive participants. $ 23. In the open end of the word, instead of the old strong-started pronounced and unpronounced an, the o or a is pronounced. The vowel -9 < -dn occurs in the larger northern dounists area and in the south-western corner. The boundary between -a and -9 < -dn could roughly be diagonal —Klykoliai, Akmenė, Alsėdžiai, Gargždai. To the northwest of its dn, the open end turns into o. Here, the singular consonant is said: gdlvo ~ head, lazdd ~ stick, jauno ~ young, maZd ~ small, Sako ~ branch, mūšino ~ maSina, plotd ~ crust, plūvksno ~ feather; rė.v.ko ~ ranka (Klykoliai). Because of the strong root -an > -¢ in these dialects the inagnici of the feminine and masculine singular phonetically coincided, so so mało vako (~ with a little child) and sd mało gdlvo (~ with a small head) are pronounced equally. The above diagonal, which separates -dn > -o and -a, is roughly parallel to the southeastern border of am, an, em, en > om, on, em, en, which is an argument for the fact that the change of the aforementioned diphthongs, which began in the north, shifted to the southeast. The diphthong change, coming to the above line, had to find the diphthong -dn's final -n disappeared, so -a, the only one left, could not change to -o. § 24. At the end of the word, the old pronounced and unpronounced strong prefix en > e. The vowel ¢ < én is: a) -ėkamiegaliniai in the feminine singular ingressive and plural ending of English words: sėnė ~ senė, katė ~ katė, katės ~ katės, kdrvęs ~ karves; b) singular pronoun: pfude ~ pūode, ld.u.ké ~ laukė, mškė ~ miškė, dėgnė ~ dugnė. In the first case, the strong prefix -en does not change to -e in the eastern edge of Klykoliai, Akmena, Papilė. Thus, in the eastern part -ėn > At the time of -en, the -n terminal had already disappeared. III. Regressive vowel assimilation in the Doun dialects $ 25. This regressive assimilation of vowels encompasses a fairly large area of the Douniniai dialects: the boundary, which began at the Latvian border at Kulių I km. (Skuodo r.), passes through Mosėdis, from the east it bypasses Salantus, and in the south it reaches Plungė, Žarėnai, Pavandenė 12 See, J. Aleksandravičius, Kretingos dialekto verb. —VVPI Scientific Works, 8, $ 73, Vilnius, 1959, 149