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Лингвистическое упорядочение белорусской научной терминологии и проблемы интернационализации терминологической лексики

Любовь Адамовна Антонюк

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IlpuMepoM MOXKeT CJIyYXXHTb 3HAYHTEJNbHOE UKHCJIO TEPMHHOB CO 3HaueHHeM JeHCTBHS, mpolecca, NpOH3BOJICTBA B pyCCKOM H GeJIJOpyCCKOM SI3bIKAX, KOTODpbIe BKJIOYAIOT 3aHMCTBOBAaHHbIE KODHEBbIE MODĖDEMBI, SIBJISIO- l{Hecsi HHTePHAIHOHAJBHBIME (MO KpaiiHeii Mepe, [Js eBpOMNeiicKoro apeaJa). ITO B OCHOBHOM A€pHBaThl OT GecnpeHKCHBIX TJIATOJIOB: doprosarue (OT HeM. Dorn «MeT2JiJiHteCKHĖ IHN, JOPH») — «npojiaBJIHBAHHe C HEKOTOPLIM HATSITOM CTAJIbHOTO CTePIKHA (JIOpHA) HJM WIAPHKA Uepe3 npeABapHTeJIbHO 06pabOTaHHOE OTBEPCTHE C HeJIbIO KaJIHKOpOBAHHS, YIIPOUGHHS H YMEHbIICHHS IIEPOXOBATOCTH TOBEPXHOCTH OTBEPCTHil AeTaneil»; naakuposanue (ot Op. plaguer «nokpbiBaTb>) — «<HaHeceHHe Ha MOBEPXHOCTh METAJIJIHYECKHX JIH- CTOB TOHKOTO CJIOSl APYroro MeTaJay; XOHuuneosawue (aura. honing, ot ho- ne «X0HHHTOBATb>, OYKB. «TOUHTb») — «OT/€JKa MOBEPXHOCTH 3arOTOBOK CIie- IMaJbHBIM HHCTPYMEHTOM — XOHOM»; wabpenue (ot Hem. Schaber, or scha- ben «CKOOMHTb») — «OT/Aeq04Hass 00pabOTKa TOBEPXHOCTH IyTeM CHATHS TOHKOH CTpyxXKH InaGepom»; wesuneosanue (aura. shaving, or shave «OpHTb, CKOOJIHTb>) — B MaUIHHOCTPOEHHH «OT/Jeso4yHasi o6paboTka GOKO- BbIX MOBEPXHOCTEH 3yOuaTbIX KoJiec» H T. Jį.* B 6e10pycCKOM siI3bIKE COOT- BeTCTBEHHO OQPHABAHHKE, nAAKIPABaHHe, XxAHIH2AB8aHHe, maOpaHHe, uIBiHea- BAHHE. 4 Nedunumun tepmunos B3ATh #3 KH. [loaurtexuuueckmit caosapn/Ilox pea. akan. HU. HU. AproGoaesckoro.— M.: Cos. snuukaoneaus, 1976.— 607 c.