Antano Salio „Kalendoriniai vardai“

LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE QUESTIONS, XXXIV (1994) LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE DIARCHEMS AND THEIR STUDIES Vitalija MACIEJAUSKIENĖ į The works of A. Salis on anthroponymy are usually mentioned or quoted on various occasions: when talking about the formation of Lithuanian surnames (articles: "About our names and surnames", "Our surnames", "Pravardé", "Surname", "Father's names!") or when discussing the current problem of changing Lithuanian surnames ("transliteration") (articles: "Problem of surnames", "Waiting for the law on surnames", "Law on surnames in the Seimas", list "Surnames of Vilnius region"). A. Salys has written extensively about Christian names, their place in the Lithuanian name book, their arrival in the Lithuanian language and the development of their adaptation in it, etc. (articles: "Kristvardžiai", "Jadvyga- ", "Jokimas- ", "Jakūbas- ", "Juozapas", "Jurgis", "Justas ir Justinas", "Kazimieras", "Klemensas", "Kristijonas", "Ona (Anna)", "Simonas (Simon)", "Urbonas" and many others). It is unthinkable to get acquainted with the old Lithuanian double names without this linguist (articles: "About our names and surnames", "Jogaila", "Mažvydas", "Mindaugas", study "Our Lithuanian names"). In the latter, the oldest Lithuanian (and Prussian) names are discussed —old double-stemmed personal names and Ju abbreviations. This is done by presenting all known roots of these names, for which, according to A. Salys, "the etymologies are also briefly indicated- ". But not about the just listed works of A. Salis dedicated to personal names here: we are going to talk. It is merely a question of drawing attention to a practical problem with the use of names. Ty a This is possible thanks to the list of names "Calendar names" prepared by the famous linguist. It contains many Christian and national names, i.e. names of Lithuanian (Baltic) origin. The former were selected by priest Stasys Yla, and the latter by Antonas Salys (he has also reviewed and corrected the gender and spelling of many Christian names and their abbreviations). All names — both Christian and national — are assigned to specific days of the year. mn ial CREE Rial i i na tN il Here will be discussed only the national (i.e. white) names of this list, which were recommended for use. Antanas Salys. In the aforementioned study "Our Lithuanian Names" A. Salio says: "... we have nothing to comfort ourselves with the lack of national names. We have more of them than any other 1 Sie, as well as the others that will be mentioned here, articles are printed: Salys A. Raštai. T. 2: Real names. Rome, 1983. | ? Idem. P. 285-304. 72 peoples. It is only necessary to acquaint the public with them, to spread them more widely"*. This is partly done in the "Calendar Names", where 726 national names are presented. : Among them are many old double-vowel personal names, e.g. : Darguilė (Darguilé 3s, Daūgilė (Daugilé), Datimanté, Eirimé, Eivilė (Eivlė), Gendvilé (Genduwilé- ), Gilvilé (Gilvilé), Mingintė, Mintauté, Minvydé, Skirmantė, Rimantė, Taūtmilė (Tautmilė), Vydmanté, Viltautė (female names) and Algimantas, Aūrimas, Darvydas, Datgvydas, Daūmantas, Eimantas, Eitautas, Jégintas, Minvydas, Nérvydas, Rimtautas, Rimvydas, Taūtgirdas, Taūtminas, Viltautas, Virgaudas, Visvaldas, Žygintas (male names). There are abbreviations that have arisen from them (or that have been formed) that can function independently, e.g. : Algė, Ginta, Gyjtė, Mantė, Nora, Taūtė, Vaida, Vyta and Dzūgas, Gėdas, Gintas, Girdas, Rimas, Taiitas, Valdas, Vytas. In addition, a number of new, so-called artificial, names have been introduced, e.g. : Banga, Gabija, Guoda, Jūra, Rijté, Rūsnė, Vakūrė, Vasūrėir Ąžuolas, Dobilas, Kernius, Putinas, Taūras, Vasaris. About the latter, A. Salys says in the same study: "Although we can pick up the most beautiful names from the old Lithuanian and Prussian names book, one of us has not come up with a new nice name. That creation of names is inevitable and irreproachable” (p. 269). Such "creation" of names is still practiced today. It is a Lithuanian name. tining path. It is often used when choosing a name for a newly born person, a future citizen. There may be various requirements for the name. Therefore, the results of the formation of a new name can be very different. It is not a new name, it is derived from a number of different sources. This can be qualifiedly prepared by K. Kuzavinis and B. Savukyn "Lietuvių vardų kilmes žodynas" (V., 1987). Or another set of recommended names (of course, compiled by specialists). : However, these may also be names collected by random persons, not specialists, from unclear sources. Here we can mention the list of Lithuanian names "Choose a name", printed in the book "A Thousand Tips" (V., 1990) compiled by V. Mikalauskas. A comparison of his names with the "Dictionary of the Origin of Lithuanian Names" revealed that about 30% of the names should not be submitted for use. This is about 220 girls and 185 boys names. Printed in a popular book, they became known to a very large group of people who are interested in names. Most of the names recommended for use in old calendars of various kinds published several decades ago would probably not fit very well in the current nomenclature. And how should we evaluate today the national names proposed by A. Salis in "Calendar Names"? To clarify this, all 726 names were compared with the aforementioned "Dictionary of the Origin of Lithuanian Names". 475 names (i.e., 65%) are among the authors submitted to this 3 Ibid. P.286. ; They were counted and compared with K. Kuzavičius, B. Savukynas' "Dictionary of the Origin of Lithuanian Names" (V., 1987) by Dalia tm The names are transliterated according to the "Lithuanian Names Origin Dictionary". 73 r dien use national names. These are the old two-stemmed names, their abbreviations and new, artificial names. Many of them have already been mentioned at the beginning of the article. 251 names (that is about 35% of all national names in the list) are not in "Lithuanian name origin dictionary". Here are some of them: Ardauga, Danmilė, Germandė, Jaunega, Miklausa, Nautilé, Nirginda, Nomėga, Povilta, Ragailė, Raudvilė, Tvirgilė, Vartvilė (female names) and Aušautas, Dauknilas, Draumantas, Gaudižadas, Kindiras, Lengaila, Lygandas, Perbandas, Rambaudas, Romantas, Tolvardas, Vindminas, Vingaudas, Vintilas, Žiyvibutas, Žugaila (male names). As you can see, these are usually compound names with two roots. They are often authentic, historically proven stems of old two-stemmed White personal names, e.g. ar-. but-, daug-, gail-, gil-, mal-, min(t)-, vil(t) and others The origin of some of these names is unclear. They can be considered as derivatives of one or another suffix or as compound names. Therefore, it is difficult to say anything precise about the origin of many of them. Some names are short, only two syllables long. This could be abbreviations of the above-mentioned compound names or other names or otherwise independently composed (occurred) names. Here are a few of them: Alka, Arga, Ata, Beda, Binga, Darba, Diva, Dringa, Gasta, Gata, Gendė, Gida, Gluoda, Kaita, Kantra, Kina, Linksma,Lita, Mara, Mata, Mila, Naudė, Nauna, Nausa, Nauta, Nindra, Rimta, Sana, Skuda, Suda, Taga, Tanga, Tena, Tyda, Vaira, Vandra, Vanga, Žada and other similar names of women and Alsys, Astys, Gilas, Skaldas, Stantas, Zyvas and others. Interestingly, these are mostly female names. Perhaps in this way they tried to fill the gap in the Lithuanian name book, which arose from the lack of old authentic female names. Some names could be regarded as derivatives of various adverbs. These are Audrilė, Augūna, Dirvona, Gelida, Giedrūnė, Gilanda, Girenė, Jūraitė, Lazduona, Narūna, Nautinga, Raimota, Saugutė, Vėjūna, Vorilė as well as Dainotas, Darsūnas, Komotas, Ligeikis, Lizdeika, Svilkenis, Vaidutis, Vaitenis, Vinotas and others similar. In this case, female names are also more common. As already mentioned, these and other similar names are not included in the “Dictionary of the Origin of Lithuanian Names”, whose authors were undoubtedly familiar with the national names presented in A. Salio’s “Calendar Names”, and apparently deliberately excluded some of them from the list of Lithuanian names recommended for use today. The reason is probably very simple — practical recommendations inevitably change with time. They are corrected, and sometimes rejected altogether. This should be borne in mind when assessing the undeniable merits of A. Salis in Lithuanian anthroponymy. Summary In the "Calendar Names" of A. Salys, many national first names (about 726) have been celebrated. These are old two-stringed personal names or. their short forms also many new first names of Lithuanian origin. A part of these first names (35%) should no longer be used today. The practical recommendations will be corrected by time. geandert. This should be kept in mind when assessing the national first names in the “calendar name”. 74