Kalbininkės sugrįžimas

mokėti, laukas, toli, sotūs, on the one hand, and Old Church Slavonic mogą, lęgą, Russian dalb, Old Church Slavonic syb, on the other (pp. 108–110), represent different roots. Because of the different root vocalism, Lithuanian glodùs and Latvian gluds (p. 109), as well as Lithuanian brėžti and braũkti (p. 114), likewise cannot be linked etymologically. The relationship in origin between Lithuanian nãmas and dimstis “Hof(raum), Gut” (p. 109) is indeed unclear16, but the possibility cannot be ruled out that namas and Latvian nams have an independent root *nem-. Old Church Slavonic trepetati and Russian pryskatb are also better not linked with Lithuanian drebėti and Russian bryzgatb (pp. 104–105), but treated as separate roots17. The difference in the initial consonants of Lithuanian strãzdas, Latvian strazds, and Slavic 'drozdъ (p. 104) should be explained by Siebs's law. Lithuanian geĩsti does not have ‘-ds- (p. 100), but is composed of the root geid- and the infinitive formant *-t(e)i, so that there is *-dt- at the morpheme boundary (> *-tt- > -st-). Page 94 states that pirštas and Old Church Slavonic prъstъ have Lithuanian š and Slavic s from ‘k, whereas on p. 115 they are assigned to the words in Lithuanian that have š derived from Indo-European ‘s after r. Page 293 indicates that the o-stem genitive singular ending ‘-ā (vilko, Old Church Slavonic vlьka) comes from Indo-European ‘-ās; on p. 210 the argument that this is the old ablative ending (‘-ōd) is correctly made. On pp. 178–179 we find Finnish paimen “Hirt”; on p. 208 piemen is correctly given instead. On p. 179 we find Old Prussian menschon “des Fisches”; on p. 263, correctly, “des Fleisches.” Old Prussian guntwei is not 1st person plural (p. 69). The following forms should read, respectively: instead of Lithuanian taišyti (p. 96), Old Prussian sachis (p. 101), Sanskrit ugnis (p. 110), Lithuanian taisytis (p. 116), Latvian bārti (p. 141), Lithuanian sù vienà šviesà (p. 226), instrumental singular bãdu (p. 227, note 269), and genitive dual Dvjijų karvių (p. 260, note 330), read tašyti, sackis, ágnis, taušytis, bārt, sù vienà šviesà, badù, dvijjų karvių. Simas Karaliūnas THE LINGUIST’S RETURN Tamara Buch. Opuscula Lithuanica. Wydal Wojciech Smoczyński, Warszawa, 1998: Katedra Językoznawstwa Ogólnego i Bałtystyki Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, 381 p. Our well-known Germanist Ina Meiksinaitė recently quoted in her memoirs about her sister Tamara Buchienė an excerpt from the latter’s letter to Monsignor Vincentas Mincevičius, who lived in Rome: “And what is life doing to me! After all, I have always wanted only to live in Kaunas, to walk along the banks of the Nemunas; I needed pine forests, lakes, silence—why did I have to live in various countries, among various people, speak various languages and—at this moment—lose 16 F r e a n k e l E. Litauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, I, Heidelberg–Göttingen, 1962, 483. 17 Ф а с м е р М. ЭСРЯ III (1987) 391, IV (1987) 99. 252 of her fifth citizenship”1. These words aptly describe the life of a talented Lithuanian language researcher, filled with tragedy and difficult trials. Born (July 3, 1923) in Vitebsk, the city of Marc Chagall. Later, she returned with her family to her parents’ homeland, Lithuania. She attended the Kaunas German Gymnasium. She received her school-leaving certificate at a Lithuanian gymnasium on June 21, 1941. The war, which began the next morning, swept her away to a remote corner of Russia, where she worked as a tractor driver and studied Germanic philology in Gorky. In the first postwar years she was a doctoral student of Academician Viktor Zhirmunsky at Leningrad University, then a lecturer at Vilnius University and Chelyabinsk Pedagogical University. Back in Lithuania, she spent several years working at the Institute of the Lithuanian Language and Literature2; these years greatly shaped the young scholar’s subsequent research direction. For a somewhat longer period (1957–1967), she was an associate professor at the University of Warsaw. She also taught Lithuanian studies courses at the Sorbonne and the University of Chicago. During difficult periods of her life, especially while living in Paris, she received moral and material support from the prominent semiotician Algirdas Julius Greimas, Monsignor Vincentas Mincevičius, and others. Forced by adverse circumstances (little known to people in Lithuania) to change countries and jobs constantly, often to live apart from her family, and weakened by a serious illness, Tamara Buchienė died on February 7, 1970, in Haifa (Israel). She had not yet reached her forty-seventh year… Every researcher of the Lithuanian language will surely be glad to take in hand the selected Lithuanian studies writings of Tamara Buchienė, recently published by the Department of General Linguistics and Baltic Studies at the University of Warsaw and edited by one of the most prominent Polish Balticists, Wojciech Smoczyński. The book begins with the editor’s memoir of Tamara Buchienė. In it, the author warmly recalls his teacher and describes her teaching work at the University of Warsaw. Separately (Nota wydawnicza), the circumstances surrounding the compilation and publication of this volume are explained. The volume Opuscula Lithuanica brings together almost all of Tamara Buchienė’s major works on Lithuanian studies, published in scholarly publications in various countries. They are presented in the languages in which they were first published: German (15 works), Polish (13), Lithuanian (3), English (2), Russian (2), and French (1). The editor has divided all the works included in the book into eight sections. Seven of them cover, by subject, the following areas of Lithuanian studies: phonology, accentology, the verb system, the language of Lithuania Minor according to Danielius Klein’s grammar, the language of Kristijonas Donelaitis, the Lithuanian dialects of the Sejny region, and Sejny onomastics. The collected works show that their author was interested both in the origins and development of various Lithuanian linguistic phenomena and in their use in the contemporary standard language and dialects. 1 Meiksinaitė I. „Ne mūsų valia!“ – Naujasis Židinys – Aidai 5–6, 1998, 311. 2 Tamara Buchienė was recommended for a research associate position by the Institute’s director, Kostas Korsakas, in 1953. The recommendation came from his childhood friend and the director of the Book Chamber at the time, Antanas Ulpis (1904–1981), “a man of noble heart and great stature, who throughout his life supported those who were persecuted” (I. Meiksinaitė’s words). 253 The three articles in the eighth chapter address questions of Germanic studies. Yet only the first of them (Die reflexive Konstruktion der Verba im Gotischen) can be said to belong purely to the field of Germanic studies. The other two—Zum ostpreussischen Deutsch im XVII–XVIII Jh. and Remarks on the syntactic influences of German in neighbouring non-German dialects (incidentally, the co-author of the latter, as of one article in the phonology chapter, is the Polish linguist Zuzanna Topolińska)—also relate to Lithuanian studies: they include observations on the writings of Lithuanians in Lithuania Minor and compare some of their linguistic features with corresponding phenomena in German. In general, works devoted to the subject of Lithuania Minor make up a fairly large part of Tamara Buch's legacy: the book includes six articles on the Lithuanian language of this region based on the grammar of Danielius Kleinas (one co-authored by Jonas Palionis), while the language of the great bard of the peasants, Kristijonas Donelaitis, is examined in as many as seven articles and in a wide-ranging but unfinished study, probably still unknown to many, The phonological system of the „Metai“ by Christian Donelaitis (pp. 129–199). The author had written this study in Polish. In 1974, its English translation (Lithuanian Phonology in Christian Donelaitis) was published in Haifa. Unfortunately, as soon as it appeared, the text—translated by a non-specialist—drew criticism from linguists; it is therefore very gratifying that Professor Axel Holvoet has carefully revised the newly published English text. Lithuanian dialectologists and researchers of Lithuanian onomastics have an opportunity to turn their attention once again to the linguist’s articles, brought together in one place, on the Lithuanian dialects of the Seinai region and the interesting place names of this area, published and discussed in six articles. Among other things, the article on the river names of the Seinai and Suwałki regions was written together with our renowned linguist Petras Jonikas. It should be recalled that, while working at the University of Warsaw, Tamara Buch became very close to the Lithuanians of the Seinai region. She would sometimes spend entire months there. One of the authors of this short article, who visited the linguist at her home in Warsaw, on Lumumba Street, saw with what pride she showed guests the tablecloths and bedspreads given to her by Lithuanians from the Seinai region, and treated them to “Lithuanian” honey. The book concludes with an article written in English by Jonas Palionis in 1971, In memory of Tamara Buch, a list of the linguist’s publications, subject and name indexes, and a list of proper names from the Seinai and Suwałki regions. Incidentally, the list of publications, comprising 44 entries, shows that Opuscula Lithuanica does not include Tamara Buch’s dissertation, defended in Leningrad in 1951, Возвратная конструкция глагола в германских языках; the work published as a separate book Die Akzentuierung des Christian Donelaitis (Wrocław etc., 1961, 147 p.); the study Pirmosios spausdintos lietuvių kalbos gramatikos (co-authored by Jonas Palionis), published in the book Pirmoji lietuvių kalbos gramatika. 1653 metai (Vilnius, 1957); and five shorter articles from various periodicals, as well as Atsiminimų nuotrupos, published in Lithuania (Proskyna 3, 1989, 164–177) and reprinted in Poland (Linguistica Baltica 2, 1993, 301–313). Not included in the bibliography is 254 the aforementioned study, printed in the book, The phonological system of the „Metai“ by Christian Donelaitis. Professor Wojciech Smoczyński, who carefully prepared Tamara Buch’s (Buch) Opuscula Lithuanica, has added another very significant item to his long list of contributions to Lithuanian studies. At the same time, the works published in this book have, as it were, brought their author back, on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of her birth, to the lands she had to leave, willingly or otherwise. Kazys Morkūnas, Algirdas Sabaliauskas Index to the Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung, volumes 1–100 (1851–1987). Edited by Ivo Hajnal, Christiane Schaefer, Gerhard Schaufelberger and Sabine Ziegler. Published by Alfred Bammesberger, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, 1997, 324 p. In 1987, the 100th, jubilee volume of the journal Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung, founded in 1851 by the eminent German linguist Adalbert Kuhn, was published. This volume had been arranged by its editors, Alfred Bammesberger and Günter Neumann, so that the 25 articles it contained would reflect current issues and methodology in the study of Indo-European languages. The response was unexpectedly favorable: a dozen or so reviews and other brief discussions appeared, comprehensively assessing the journal’s role in historical comparative Indo-European linguistics. Two reviews were also published in Lithuanian linguistic journals—V. Grinaveckis’s in Mūsų kalba (1988, No. 6, 34–35) and V. Urbutis’s in Baltistica (25, 1989, 188–190). In his review in Universitas (No. 12, 1988, 1329–1330), Professor Dr. Bernhard Forsmann of Friedrich-Alexander University [Erlangen-Nürnberg] proposed compiling a comprehensive index (Gesamtregister). As Professor Dr. Alfred Bammesberger notes in the editor’s preface, the editors and publisher gladly accepted this proposal. With financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Dr. Christiane Schaefer (Free University of Berlin), Dr. Sabine Ziegler (University of Würzburg), and Dr. Ivo Hajnal (University of Zurich) took turns working on the index, while Gerhard Schaufelberger (University of Zurich) made a major contribution to organizing the collected material. The technical work was carried out in the Department of English Philology and Comparative Linguistics at the University of Eichstätt, headed by Professor Dr. Alfred Bammesberger. The index volume consists of: contents, pp. 5–6; the editor’s preface, pp. 7–8; an author index, pp. 9–209; a subject index, pp. 209–321; and a list of the journal’s editors, pp. 323–324. The author and subject indexes are, naturally, arranged alphabetically. Listed are all the au- 255