IMPROVING MODERN THERAPY METHODS OF OTITIS MEDIA IN YOUNG CHILDREN

Oktabr, 2025-Yil 160 IMPROVING MODERN THERAPY METHODS OF OTITIS MEDIA IN YOUNG CHILDREN ¹Uktamov Diyorbek Shuxratovich ²Ne'matullayev Odilbek Alisher o‘g‘li ³Qo‘chqorov Davlatbek Baxron o‘g‘li ¹Assistant, Department of Otorhinolaryngology No 2, Samarkand State Medical University; ²'³Clinical Ordinators, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Samarkand State Medical University https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17375221 Introduction. Otitis media remains one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in early childhood, affecting approximately 60–80% of children under the age of five worldwide. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, recurrent and chronic otitis media continue to pose a major health problem due to the anatomical and immunological immaturity of the Eustachian tube in children. Persistent inflammation of the middle ear can lead to hearing loss, delayed speech development, and learning difficulties, which negatively impact the child’s quality of life and cognitive growth. In recent years, the evolution of antibiotic resistance and the growing need for individualized approaches have prompted otolaryngologists to refine and improve therapeutic strategies. Objective The primary objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of modern therapeutic methods for acute and chronic otitis media in young children, to compare different treatment protocols, and to identify optimal approaches that ensure faster recovery, reduced recurrence, and minimal complications. Materials and Methods A total of 120 pediatric patients aged between 1 and 6 years, diagnosed with otitis media, were included in the study conducted at Samarkand State Medical University from 2022 to 2024. Patients were divided into three groups: Group I received conventional antibiotic therapy (amoxicillin-clavulanate), Group II received combination therapy with local antiseptics and mucolytics, and Group III underwent a comprehensive treatment protocol involving antibiotic therapy, nasal decongestants, autoinflation exercises, and physiotherapy. Diagnosis was confirmed through otoscopy, tympanometry, and audiometry. Clinical parameters such as fever duration, ear discharge, pain severity, and hearing improvement were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, with significance set at p<0.05. Results Children treated under the comprehensive protocol (Group III) demonstrated a faster resolution of symptoms, with an average recovery time of 5.4±1.2 days compared to 8.1±2.3 days in Group I. The recurrence rate within three months was significantly lower in Group III (7.8%) compared to Group I (22.5%) and Group II (15.6%). Audiometric evaluation showed earlier restoration of normal hearing thresholds in Group III patients. Furthermore, complications such as persistent effusion and tympanic membrane perforation were markedly reduced. No significant adverse effects related to medication were observed. Discussion The study findings suggest that modern, multimodal therapy integrating systemic and local interventions provides superior outcomes in managing otitis media in young children. Conventional antibiotic monotherapy, while effective for acute cases, does not Oktabr, 2025-Yil 161 adequately address the multifactorial pathogenesis of otitis media, which includes Eustachian tube dysfunction and mucosal edema. The addition of nasal decongestants, autoinflation exercises, and physiotherapy improves middle ear ventilation and drainage, thereby accelerating recovery. Preventive strategies such as parental education, vaccination, and early treatment of upper respiratory infections are also essential for reducing recurrence. Conclusion Modern comprehensive therapy methods, combining systemic antibiotics, local agents, and supportive physiotherapeutic interventions, significantly enhance the treatment outcomes of otitis media in young children. The integration of these approaches not only reduces disease duration and recurrence but also prevents hearing impairment and developmental delays. The results of this study emphasize the importance of individualized, evidence-based treatment protocols tailored to the pediatric population. Continued refinement of therapeutic standards, along with preventive public health measures, will contribute to decreasing the long-term burden of otitis media in children. References: 1. Taxsinovna N. M. et al. 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