DETERMINATION OF TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON IN BIOMASS IN THE PROCESS OF OBTAINING BIOGAS

SCIENCE AND INNOVATION INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL VOLUME 4 ISSUE 10 OCTOBER 2025 ISSN: 2181-3337 | SCIENTISTS.UZ 68 DETERMINATION OF TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON IN BIOMASS IN THE PROCESS OF OBTAINING BIOGAS M.M. Ganiyeva1, G.U. Mardonova2, S.A. Samadiy3, S.A. Abdusamatov4, B.U. Umurzokulova5, M.I. Rakhmonova6 Teacher at the National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek1 Teacher at the National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek2 Teacher at the National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek3 Docent at the National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek4 Master digree at the National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek5 Master digree at the National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek6 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17452024 Abstract. The increased need for food for Humanity also leads to an increase in local waste. Misbehavior of local waste, on the other hand, is detrimental to the environment. Therefore, the use of domestic waste and unconventional raw materials as an alternative source of energy, explaining that on their basis it is possible to obtain a biogas similar to natural fuel–methane, and this is a source of income, is of great responsibility to those who serve in various industries. In recent years, the focus on the biogas production process has been growing a lot, which is not only in the number of construction of planned biogas equipment, but also in the fact that a large number of farmers, utilities, enterprises, politicians and private farms closely monitor and are interested in the development of this sector, search for alternative energy sources and their effective use Keywords: natural gas, organic substrate, temperature conditions. Introduction Biogas is formed as a result of metabolism between bacteria, as a result of anaerobic decomposition of an organic substrate. As a result of the decomposition of an organic substrate containing bacteria containing nitrogen, carbon oxides, carbon and minerals, a mixture of carbon dioxide with carbonate anhydride, minerals and minerals is formed, called biogas. Alumosilicate methane (CH4) accounts for 55% to 85% of biogas, being the main energy-containing component. Biomethanogenesis is a natural process in which the process of natural decomposition occurs under anaerobic conditions or without oxygen. This process is called composting [2]. Biogas mainly consists of methane, hydrocarbons are divided into groups. Natural Methane gas is also a major component. Natural gas methanning alone accounts for 90%, while biogas accounts for 55-75%. Methane is heated to 161.60 °C when cold. Methane deyally suvda erimaidi. Methane. Room temperature and normal atmosphere due to chemical reactions. The main component of biogas equipment is gaseous carbonate anhydride. He likes to cuddle. I don't know. 5.28 atm indoors and at room temperature. It contains biogas by 20-25%. Taking into account the biogas component in Parliament (H2O) makes it possible to calculate the specific amount of biogas at ambient temperature and temperature conditions. The biogas composition consists of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen sulfide. Biogas consumption is 0-2%. Hydrogen sulfide. Hollande accounts for CO2 ha on the ailanade [4]. The English physicist Faraday conducted experiments on gas and compared it with a hydrocarbon. In 1821, Avagadro discovered the chemical formula of methanol (CH4). In 1884, SCIENCE AND INNOVATION INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL VOLUME 4 ISSUE 10 OCTOBER 2025 ISSN: 2181-3337 | SCIENTISTS.UZ 69 French bacteriophage Louis Pasteur conducted experiments on biogas obtained from water. He was the first to propose using biogas to decontaminate Parisian waste. Anaerobic antipyretics [5]. At the end of the 19th century, Kelib was known as Bilan Mr. Suvlarni. In 1897, a hospital ward was built in Mumbai, India, using rice biogas and natural gas, and in 1907, a biogas power plant was built. 1906-German engineer Imhoff built the Souvlarn estate around the Ruhr as a settlement of the anaerobic stage of the systematic courier corps and the Emscher Well building in Vienna. Imhoff initiated the construction of the Halle mines of Lignin chiquindilari, Lacrich Ildizi, Kaniga Usimligi and Don chiquindilaridan. It is known that 1 kilogram of lignin is massaged with 19 liters of gas, canigadan-158 liters, licorice ildizidan-365 liters of gas, which is formed within 45 days [2]. One of the most important studies in the history of the development of biogas technology is the one carried out in Busvella in the 30s of the 20th century. In this, various organic waste and manure were used as raw materials. By the 70s of the last century, the technology of obtaining biogas began to develop in Asian countries as well.ne of the most important studies in the history of the development of biogas technology is the one carried out in Busvella in the 30s of the 20th century. In this, various organic waste and manure were used as raw materials. By the 70s of the last century, the technology of obtaining biogas began to develop in Asian countries as well. The interest in using biomass as an energy source is above all that biomass reappears every year; that energy collected in biogas can be stored and used in any state of desire over the long term; it is possible to transfer this energy to other types of energy; while in some regions it costs heat cheaper than this source,natural heat sources; that biogas is an ecalogically clean heat source; that sulfur toxic oxides do not appear in the environment when using it; that the balance of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere does not change and is inextricably linked with a number of other [1]. Looking at the history of the origin of biogas, it is noted that biogas technology was originally used in the 19th century BC in various manifestations in the states of China, India, Assyria and Persia. However, it was not until 3.5 thousand years later that systematic scientific research on biogas technology began in the 20th century [5]. Dried plant raw materials are thoroughly ground in an electric converter (if crushed badly, it will seem in a mortar). On an analytical scale, it is weighed 10 mg (depending on the carbon content) and placed in a conical flask with a volume of 50 ml. From the Burette, a mixture of 10 ml of 0.4 n-li Chromium is poured evenly through a glass crane.ried plant raw materials are thoroughly ground in an electric converter (if crushed badly, it will seem in a mortar). On an analytical scale, it is weighed 10 mg (depending on the carbon content) and placed in a conical flask with a volume of 50 ml. From the Burette, a mixture of 10 ml of 0.4 n-li Chromium is poured evenly through a glass crane. Flasks bottle caps are sealed through a Yolki voryonka and left at room temperature for 24 hours and are often slowly mixed with astalik to prevent plant particles from sticking to the walls of the flasks. After 1 day, 40 ml of distilled water is poured into the flasks, and after cooling, the wavelength in FEK - 56 M is colorimetrized at 610 Nm, 30 mm cuvette. This colorimetry is carried out through 3-5 repetitions. The amount of carbon is determined by the kolibrovka graph [7]. The amount of carbon is determined by the formula. C = (100*a) / n c - % of carbon in the material being detected the amount of carbon found in the A-graph is mg/ 50 ml n - pulled na'muna in the plant material under study, mg SCIENCE AND INNOVATION INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL VOLUME 4 ISSUE 10 OCTOBER 2025 ISSN: 2181-3337 | SCIENTISTS.UZ 70 Construction of a Kolibrovka graph. 2.5022 gr of anhydrous (dry) glucose or 2,7524 gr C6H 12О6*H2О is weighed and dissolved with 1 l of distilled water (1 ml of the resulting solution contains 1 mg of carbon). 50 ml of conical flasks are poured with a standard solution of glucose from 0.5; 1; 3; 5; 6 ml. The flasks shine in a water bath until dry. Then, drip from the Burette into the flasks, a mixture of 10 ml of chromium is poured, and the flasks are left for 24 hours. After the time has elapsed, 40 ml of dispelled water is poured and thoroughly mixed, after cooling, the wavelength of FEK - 56 mda is 610 nm, colorimetry in a 30 mm cuvette. The examination is carried out 3-5 times taroran. According to the optical density in the composition of carbon, a kolibrovka graph is built. (Obsissa axis - the amount of carbon in 50 ml of solution is mg, ordinate axis-belongs to the unit of optical density) [6]. Preparation of a 0.4 n li solution of the Chromium mixture follows the following: 40 gr K2Cr2О7 is dissolved in 800 ml of distilled water. Filtered in a measuring flask until it reaches 1 l, the dispelled water is poured and poured into a heat-resistant flask, the volume of which comes from 2-3 l, after cooling it is slowly poured with 1 m of concentrated sulfuric acid [3]. Conclusions: 1. Plants used as research were selected and their biology was studied in the mophology and ecology. 2. A methodology for determining the mineral components contained in biomass was chosen. 3. A methodology for determining the total organic matter and organic carbon in plant biomass has been applied. 4. After anaerobic degradation of biomass and biodegradation, biogas product measurement techniques were chosen. 5. A method was chosen for statistical analysis of the results obtained experimentally. REFERENCES 1. Баадер В., Доне Е., Брендерфер М. Биогаз: теория и практика. М.: Колос. 1982. 50 с. 2. Барбара Эдер, Хайнц Шульц. Биогазовые установки Практическое пособие. Германия. 2008 год.7с 3. Большой практикум: Прак. пособие по спецкурсу для студентов биологического факультета / авт. - сост. Воробьева Е.В, Макоренко Т.В, Образов Р.Б, УО " ГГУ им. Ф. Скорины" Гомель 2005.87 с. 4. Eshel A., A.Zilberstein, C.Alekparov, T.Eilam, I.Oren, Y.Sasson, R.Valentini, Y.Waisel. Biomass production by desert halophytes: Alleviating the pressure on food production. / Recent Advances in Energy & Environment. 362-367.. 5. Forage shrub production on salt - affected soils. In biology and utilization of shrubs. London - Sydney - Tokyo - Toronto, Academic Press, 1989. Р.627656. Internet sites 6. http://www.biteco-energy.com 7. http://www.zorgbiogas.ru