HOW CHILDREN LEARN LANGUAGE: STAGES OF FIRST LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT

JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 18, issue 01, 2025 ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431 www.wordlyknowledge.uz ILMIY METODIK JURNAL Istamova Shoxista Scientific advisor:teacher of SamSIFL Author:Sadulloyeva Nargiza student of SamSIFL HOW CHILDREN LEARN LANGUAGE: STAGES OF FIRST LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT Abstract:This article examines the stages of children's first language acquisition. The aim of the article is to provide a detailed analysis of the development of children's speech, from birth to the time when they are able to speak fully. The study used scientific sources from the fields of linguistics and psychology. The main results show that children learn language in several stages: the pre-linguistic stage (0-6 months), the one-word stage (12-18 months), the two-word stage (18-24 months), and the later stages, when grammatical rules begin to form. At each stage, children acquire certain speech skills, and these skills become the basis for further development. The conclusion of the article is that understanding the process of children's language acquisition is necessary for parents and teachers to support children and develop their speech skills. Providing children with a language environment, talking to them more, and reading books can help their language development. Keywords: pre-linguistic, acquisition, analysis, babbling, cooing, genetic. Introduction Language is one of the most important achievements of humanity, allowing us to express our thoughts, communicate and understand the world. Children's language is the main means of communication of a small person with the world. The process of language learning by children, its stages and factors are one of the urgent problems of the modern world. The study of children's language development is not only of scientific interest, but also of practical importance. Early identification of problems in language development and the use of the right approach are important for the future success of children. Although there are general laws of language development, each child is individual for this process. What factors cause individual differences? How important is the role of the environment in language learning? How can parents and teachers support a child's language development? This study is being conducted to find answers to these questions. JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 18, issue 01, 2025 ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431 www.wordlyknowledge.uz ILMIY METODIK JURNAL The work of scientists such as Lev Vygotsky, Noam Chomsky, Jean Piaget is of great importance in the field of language development. Their theories help to understand the biological, social, and cognitive aspects of language. This article focuses on the characteristics of children's language learning in Uzbek, taking into account modern trends in language development and new research findings. The article provides practical advice to parents and teachers to help them positively influence their children's language development. This part presents the results of a study on the stages of language development in children. The article presents the conclusions obtained by analyzing the main theories of language development and summarizing empirical data. Research methods: Literature analysis: Scientific articles, books and studies in the fields of language development, psycholinguistics and education were analyzed. This analysis made it possible to identify the theoretical foundations of language development and compare them with existing research. By observing children's interaction in a natural environment (at home, in kindergarten), their speech characteristics, vocabulary and level of application of grammatical rules were studied. Interview: Factors, problems and solutions affecting children's language development were identified through interviews with parents, educators and specialists. Results: The results of the study showed the following: Children learn language in several stages, at each stage they acquire certain speech skills. In the pre-linguistic stage (0-6 months), children communicate through crying, cooing and babbling. During this period, parental responses are important for language development. The first words (12-18 months) are usually associated with the names of the closest people (mother, father), animals and everyday objects. Two-word sentences (18-24 months) indicate the beginning of the formation of grammatical rules. Older children (2-5 years) learn to build more complex sentences and their vocabulary increases significantly. The quality of the language environment (parents' speech, books, communication opportunities) has a great influence on children's language development. Individual differences in language development may be related to genetics, socioeconomic factors, and personality traits. Analysis The results of the study confirm theoretical models of language development and show that the process of language learning in children is complex and multifaceted. Active communication between parents and children, reading to them, and teaching new words are among the most effective ways to stimulate children's language development. The education system needs to develop specific programs and methodologies to support children's language development. These programs should take into account the individual needs of children and create a learning environment that is appropriate for them. Future research should further explore the genetics, socio-economic factors, and other individual characteristics that influence language development. Conclusion This article summarizes the results of a study on the stages of language development in children. The study showed that children learn language in several stages and acquire certain speech skills at each stage. Language development begins in the pre-linguistic period and gradually progresses to the acquisition of more complex grammatical structures. The quality of the language JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 18, issue 01, 2025 ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431 www.wordlyknowledge.uz ILMIY METODIK JURNAL environment has a significant impact on children's language development. Active communication between parents and children, reading to them and teaching them new words are among the most effective ways to stimulate children's language development. Individual differences in language development may be associated with genetic, socio-economic factors and personality traits. Practical and theoretical significance:The results of this study provide practical advice to parents, educators and professionals on supporting children's language development. The information presented in the article will help to develop special programs and methodologies to stimulate children's language development in the educational system. Theoretically, this study expands knowledge in the field of language development and can serve as a basis for future research. Recommendations for future research: Further study of the characteristics of children's language learning in Uzbek. Identify genetic, socio-economic factors, and other individual characteristics that influence language development. Develop more effective programs and methodologies to support children's language development and evaluate their results. Study the impact of modern technologies on children's language development (e.g tablets and smartphones). References: 1. Gleason, J. B., & Ratner, N. B. (2017). The development of language. 2. William O’Grady "How Children Learn Language" 3. Erika Hoff "Language Development" 4. Jean Berko Gleason and Nan Bernstein Ratne "The Development of Language"