PEDAGOGICAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF KOREAN LANGUAGE

SCIENCE AND INNOVATION INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL VOLUME 4 ISSUE 10 OCTOBER 2025 ISSN: 2181-3337 | SCIENTISTS.UZ 133 PEDAGOGICAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF KOREAN LANGUAGE S.R. Men PhD, Senior Lecturer of National Pedagogical University of Uzbekistan named after Nizami https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17463584 Abstract. The article is devoted to the development of the cultural competence of future teachers of the Korean language in the context of the reform of the education system of Uzbekistan. The essence of this concept and its significance for successful intercultural communication are considered. Using the example of Korean traditions and holidays (Paekil, Chusok), their potential in fostering respect for culture and developing intercultural understanding is shown. The importance of integrating cultural components into the learning process of the Korean language is emphasized. Keywords: cultural competence, intercultural communication, culture, traditions, holidays. Introduction In recent years, our republic has implemented fundamental structural and substantive reforms in the system of learning foreign languages, including Korean, affecting all levels and components of the education system, and aimed at ensuring its compliance with international standards. Its study allows a person to realize the most important socially significant functions: communicative, informational, educational, developmental, educational-forming, cultural, humanitarian [1, 90]. Research in the field of language learning, including Korean, shows that the content of education in the modern sense covers a wide range of cultural aspects: informational or factual, spiritual and behavioral. The cultural paradigm of education is aimed at identifying mechanisms that contribute to the cultural development of the individual, and at developing specific and practical approaches to achieve this goal. As you know, the concept of "cultural competence" entered the Russian pedagogical and methodological science in the late 90s as an indicator of a person's ability to successfully participate in intercultural communication and as an important component of a new educational paradigm." [2]. Most researchers interpret cultural competence as "knowledge of the ethnic and cultural characteristics of the country of the language being studied, the rules of speech and non-speech behavior in typical situations, and the ability to carry out one's speech behavior in accordance with this knowledge" [3, 55]. V.A. Babayants defines cultural competence: "As the ability and readiness for a dialogue of cultures, based on a set of acquired linguistic knowledge, skills in a foreign language, knowledge of the socio-cultural system of the country of the language being studied, as well as historical conditions that influenced its formation; regional knowledge and the ability to conduct a comparative analysis of native and foreign culture."[4, 22]. Culture is a complex, multicomponent system consisting of various interrelated elements. According to A.P. Sadokhin, the main components of culture include: "Depending on the method, nature, purpose and scope of application, the boundaries of distribution, the strictness of SCIENCE AND INNOVATION INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL VOLUME 4 ISSUE 10 OCTOBER 2025 ISSN: 2181-3337 | SCIENTISTS.UZ 134 execution, the whole variety of behavioral norms fixed and expressed in each culture in such varieties as mores, customs, traditions, rituals and others."[5]. From the point of view of Y.P. Ten: "Cultural components are structural elements of culture that are inherent in all cultures, regardless of geographical location, historical time and social structure of society. These include knowledge, values, norms, ritual, custom, ritual, traditions."[6]. Since ancient times, Koreans have observed unique rites of the life cycle, reflecting traditional ideas about family, age and the social role of a person at various stages of his life, which include the birth of a child, 100 days since the birth of a child, and the anniversary of the child. (돌), wedding (결혼), 60th birthday (회갑), funeral (장례), wake (제사). For example, the tradition of celebrating paekil 백일 (백일), which marks 100 days since the birth of a child, originates in Korean culture as a symbolic milestone that marks the fact that a newborn has successfully overcome the most dangerous period of his life, lived for 100 days and did not die, and meant that he would live next. On this day, the paekil Changchi (백일 잔치) festival is held and, as a sign of gratitude, parents perform an important ritual – offerings of white rice (흰밥) and seaweed (미역국) soup to Samsin Halmoni (삼신할머니), the patroness of childbirth with a plea for happiness and health for her baby. Also, on this day, festive treats are prepared for relatives and close friends, and rice biscuits are distributed to neighbors. Koreans have a belief that if 100 people taste these livers, the baby will live happily ever after, and his life will be sweet. In the event that the child is sick on this day, the holiday is not celebrated, so as not to invite misfortune. Nowadays, the importance of paekil has been preserved, but its celebration has become smaller, reflecting changes in living conditions and healthcare. M. A. Kulyashova considers the holiday to be one of the cultural components: "With the help of the holiday, humanity preserves, supports values, uses and recreates traditions. Holidays are the most ancient and constantly reproduced element of culture, which in certain periods of history can experience decline, but cannot disappear altogether. It is designed to organize and aesthetically design your free time. Being one of the foundations of human life, the holiday appears as the spiritual firmament of every epoch, every nation. As a cultural phenomenon, the holiday performs various functions: ideological, educational, socially integrative, propaganda, educational, recreational, etc. Festive events provide an opportunity for our socially divided society to unite, to feel their community with other people." [7, 169-172]. Sh. B. Mainy, O. A. Choodu state that: "The holiday is semantically connected with free, idle time, a period of rest; with a religious cult and the most important dates in the history of the people and the state; with folk customs, rituals, rituals; with traditions of social movements, celebrations, demonstrations; with joy, fun, feasting, consumption and embezzlement, folk games." [8, 58]. Therefore, the holiday, being a cultural heritage, preserves, supports values, uses and recreates traditions, and serves as a unifying principle. So, for example, one of the traditional holidays of Korea can be attributed to the Harvest Day of Chusok (추석). "It is known as Gabe, Gavi, Hangavi and is celebrated on the fifteenth day of the eighth moon according to the lunar calendar. In the mass consciousness of Koreans, this holiday means the day of family and loyalty SCIENCE AND INNOVATION INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL VOLUME 4 ISSUE 10 OCTOBER 2025 ISSN: 2181-3337 | SCIENTISTS.UZ 135 to their native places." [9, 34]. On this day, Koreans traditionally gather together to thank their ancestors for a rich harvest, relax and have fun. During the celebration of Chusok, the whole family gathers at the elder's house. In the early morning of this day, a ceremony of sacrifice to the spirits of the ancestors is held – chhara (차례), which consists in offering food and bows to the deceased ancestors. Koreans believe that it is on this day that deceased ancestors return to the earthly world for a short time and take food specially prepared for them. After the ceremony, the whole family gathers at the table and has breakfast with dishes prepared for sacrifice to the spirits of the ancestors. It is believed that this should bring happiness next year. After commemorating the ancestors, it is customary to visit the graves of the ancestral host (성묘) and weed the grass and weeds that have grown on them over the summer. This is considered a manifestation of respect for the ancestors, which every decent person should have. Already a month before Chusok, Korean highways are crowded with cars on weekends, as people rush to visit their ancestors' graves in advance. On Chusok, which marks the completion of agricultural work, cereals, vegetables and fruits are already ripening. Various dishes, sweets and wine are prepared from the grain of the new harvest – hakkoxik (햇곡식) and the fruits of the new harvest – hakkvail (햇과일). Traditional for Chusok is thoranthan soup (토란탕), a soup of beef, potatoes and seaweed, and the delicacy seongpyeong (송편), crescent–shaped loaves of glutinous rice stuffed with sesame seeds, sweet beans and chestnuts, which are then pressed on a board sprinkled with pine needles, making them light the scent of pine. The day before the holiday, in the evening, the whole family gathers together to cook seongpyeong. In Korea, they say that if the loaves are neat and even, then you will get married well or have a beautiful daughter. A. S. Bannikova, E. V. Kostetskaya emphasize that: "Chuseok is a national holiday, so at this time everyone is eager to return to their native places. Some public places are temporarily shut down. If a person does not visit the graves of their ancestors during the holiday, then in the minds of Koreans it is considered a disgrace." [9, 34]. Conclusion. So, knowledge, values, norms, ritual, custom, ritual, traditions, holidays and other cultural components provide wide pedagogical opportunities in the development of cultural competence of future teachers of the Korean language. REFERENCES 1. Иванова Л. Ф. Профессиональная компетентность учителя иностранного языка: интегративный подход //Интеграция образования. – 2003. – №. 3. – С. 90-97. 2. Зимняя И. А. 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