scieee AI-readable full text Open interactive document viewer

Building a national integrated model to explore overshoot pathways

Moriarty, Róisín; Jaggeshar, Doorgeshwaree; Daly, Hannah

Abstract

As the temperature limits of the Paris Agreement are breached a period of drawdown, net-negative emissions, will be required to correct overshoot. Drawdown pathways, that capture increasingly pressured interactions across energy, food and land systems where reductions, balancing residual emissions with removals and removals to correct overshoot will be required at country level to aid in the development of policy and strategy that extend to mid-century and beyond. We are developing a country-level integrated assessment model (energy, food and land systems) to examine the powerful levers from across these systems that can directly and indirectly affect carbon dioxide removal particularly the level of removals required mid-century and beyond e.g. immediate reductions of methane emissions to slow near-term warming, reducing reliance on removals to correct overshoot in the long-term. Our integrated model brings together the TIMES Ireland Model with agricultural and land-use systems, allowing us to explore the connections between these systems. We have developed key modules covering livestock and crop systems, as well as forestry, all within the constraints of national land availability. Under a business-as-usual scenario to 2070 methane emissions from ruminant agriculture remain a major source of GHG emissions in Ireland. Preliminary findings reveal there is significant potential to reduce methane emissions while freeing up land for other uses, such as forestry or bioenergy. This integrated approach provides new insights into how emissions abatement can influence land use dynamics and optimize long-term mitigation strategies across multiple sectors. Unlike traditional sectoral models, our framework captures the synergies and trade-offs between land, energy, and food systems, offering a more holistic understanding of how to balance emissions reductions and removals. We aim to present the outcomes of mitigation pathways related to agricultural, including methane technologies and demand-side reductions to demonstrate the potential of methane as a mitigation lever.

Full text

The research is funded under the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Research Programme 2021-2030, under grant number 1290-Sustainable integrated pathways for carbon-negative energy, land and food systems (SELFS). The EPA Research Programme is a Government of Ireland initiative funded by the Department of the Climate, Energy and the Environment. The research is funded under the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Research Programme 2021-2030, under grant number 1290-Sustainable integrated pathways for carbon-negative energy, land and food systems (SELFS). The EPA Research Programme is a Government of Ireland initiative funded by the Department of the Climate, Energy and the Environment. The research is funded under the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Research Programme 2021-2030, under grant number 1290-Sustainable integrated pathways for carbon-negative energy, land and food systems (SELFS). The EPA Research Programme is a Government of Ireland initiative funded by the Department of the Climate, Energy and the Environment. Building a national integrated model to explore overshoot pathways Róisín Moriarty1, Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar1,2 & Hannah Daly1,2 1Sustainability Institute & School of Engineering and Architecture 2MaREI, the RI Centre for Energy, Climate and Marine research & innovation, University College Cork, Ireland Ambitious mitigation in Irish agriculture (50-55% of GHG emissions) is feasible but requires a coordinated transformation across the application of technological solutions and dietary change. Aim Develop a national integrated model (based on the TIMES energy model) that allows the exploration of overshoot pathways, particularly levers associated with reductions and removals across land, energy, agricultural and forest (LEAF) systems. Key features •Integration: energy, agriculture and forest systems linked through shared resources (land, biomass and carbon) •Land representation & allocation •Forestry: wood flow via forest area, biomass & harvest flows •HWP: annual carbon inflows, decay & cumulative stock changes •complete CO2 and non-CO2 emissions and removals Other findings •Pasture remains the dominant land use across all scenarios, only under the most ambitious scenario does significant change in land use occur. •CH4 reductions under ambitious mitigation driven by lower ruminant numbers, improved manure management, and adoption of advanced technologies. Agri. scenarios S1 > currently planned measures S2 > low-cost, technically mature & min. behavior change S3 > ambitious options requiring policy support or investment S3-LAD > S3 + low agricultural demand Major challenge Inclusion of carbon sinks within the model’s optimisation framework 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Pasture Cropland Pasture Cropland Pasture Cropland Pasture Cropland Pasture Cropland Reference S1 S2 S3 S3 - LAD Mha Agricultural land use across scenarios 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2060 2065 2070