THE ROLE OF CHEMICAL ADDITIVES IN THE PRODUCTION OF MODERN BUILDING MATERIALS: ON THE EXAMPLE OF INTERNATIONAL COUNTRIES

Journal(of(Academic(Research( and(Trends(in(Educational( Sciences( Journal(home(page:(( http://ijournal.uz/index.php/jartes( THE(ROLE(OF(CHEMICAL(ADDITIVES(IN(THE(PRODUCTION(OF( MODERN(BUILDING(MATERIALS:(ON(THE(EXAMPLE(OF( INTERNATIONAL(COUNTRIES( Dilnoza(Shukrullayeva1( ( Jizzakh(Polytechnic(Institute( DOI:"10.5281/zenodo.17569977" Article+History+ Abstract+ Received:"10.09.2025" Accepted:"10.11.2025" This"article"analyzes"the"role"of"chemical"additives"in"the"production" of" modern" building" materials," their" impact" on" physical" and" mechanical"properties,"and"their"use"in"international"experiments." Today,"chemical"additives"are"an"important"factor"in"the"production" of" environmentally" friendly," energy-efficient" and" high-strength" concrete." The" study" compares" the" practices" of" Europe," the" USA," Japan,"China,"Korea"and"the"CIS"countries,"and"the"effectiveness"of" polycarboxylate-based" superplasticizers," accelerators," retarders," air-entraining" and" hydrophobic" substances" is" scientifically" examined."At"the"end"of"the"article,"recommendations"are"given"for" the"development"of"chemical"additives"suitable"for"the"conditions"of" Uzbekistan." Keywords:" concrete," chemical" additive," superplasticizer," water-cement" ratio," hydrophobic" substance,"international"standards." " This is an open access article under the Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru) (( ( 1!Jizzakh!Polytechnic!Institute,!Jizzakh,!Uzbekistan! JARTES 4;3 IJOURNAL.UZ NOVEMBER, 2025 Journal of Academic Research and Trends in Educational Sciences is produced by XALQARO TADQIQOT LLC Group, a division of ijournal.uz platform Downloaded from ijournal.uz. For personal use only. No other uses without permission. Copyright © 2025 XALQARO TADQIQOT LLC. All rights reserved. ! ( 81( ! ( ZAMONAVIY(QURILISH(MATERIALLARI(ISHLAB(CHIQARISHDA( KIMYOVIY(QO‘SHIMCHALARNING(O‘RNI:(XALQARO(DAVLATLAR( MISOLIDA( ! KALIT&SO‘ZLAR/( КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ&СЛОВА: ANNOTATSIYA/(АННОТАЦИЯ& & beton,&kimyoviy& qo‘shimcha,& superplastifikator,&suvsement&nisbati,&gidrofob& modda,&xalqaro& standartlar& Ushbu& maqolada& zamonaviy& qurilish& materiallari& ishlab& chiqarishda& kimyoviy& qo‘shimchalarning& roli,& ularning& fizikmexanik& xususiyatlarga& ta’siri& hamda& xalqaro& tajribalarda& qo‘llanishi&tahlil&qilinadi.&Bugungi&kunda&ekologik&toza,&energiya& tejamkor& va& yuqori& mustahkamlikka& ega& betonlar& ishlab& chiqarishda&kimyoviy&qo‘shimchalar&muhim&omil&bo‘lib& xizmat& qilmoqda.&Tadqiqotda&Yevropa,&AQSh,&Yaponiya,&Xitoy,&Koreya&va& MDH&davlatlari&amaliyoti&solishtirilib,&polikarboksilat&asosidagi& superplastifikatorlar,& tezlatkichlar,& kechiktirgichlar,& havo& tortuvchi&va&gidrofob&moddalarning&samaradorligi&ilmiy&asosda& yoritiladi.&Maqola&yakunida&O‘zbekiston&sharoitiga&mos&kimyoviy& qo‘shimchalarni&ishlab&chiqish&bo‘yicha&tavsiyalar&beriladi.& ! Dunyo&qurilish&sanoati&so‘nggi&yillarda&ekologik&barqarorlik&va&energiya&tejamkorlik& tamoyillari&asosida&rivojlanmoqda.&Beton&va&temirbeton&buyumlarning&sifatini&oshirishda& kimyoviy&qo‘shimchalarning&roli&katta&bo‘lib,&ular&sementning&gidratatsiya&jarayoniga&ta’sir& etadi,& suv-sement& nisbatini& kamaytiradi& hamda& aralashmaning& reologik& xususiyatlarini& yaxshilaydi.& Zamonaviy&ishlab&chiqarish&texnologiyalarida,&ayniqsa,&polikarboksilat!(PCE)!asosidagi! superplastifikatorlar&keng& qo‘llanilib,& ular& suv& sarfini& 30–35& %& gacha& kamaytirish& imkonini& beradi.& Shu& bois& O‘zbekiston& sharoitida& ham& xalqaro& tajribani& o‘rganish& va& mahalliy&xomashyo&asosida&mos&qo‘shimchalar&ishlab&chiqish&dolzarb&masala&hisoblanadi.& Kimyoviy& qo‘shimchalar& o‘z& funksiyalariga& ko‘ra& bir& nechta& asosiy& guruhlarga& bo‘linadi:& • Suv! kamaytiruvchilar! va! superplastifikatorlar&–&sement& zarrachalarini& dispers&holatda&saqlab,&aralashmaning&harakatchanligini&oshiradi,&suv&sarfini&kamaytiradi& va&beton&zichligini&kuchaytiradi.& • Tezlatkichlar! va! kechiktirgichlar& –& qotish& jarayonini& tezlashtirish& yoki& sekinlashtirish&orqali&ishlab&chiqarish&jarayonini&boshqaradi.& • Havo! tortuvchilar& –& beton& ichida& mayda& havo& pufakchalari& hosil& qilib,& sovuqqa&bardoshlilikni&oshiradi.& • Gidrofob! qo‘shimchalar& –& suv& singdiruvchanlikni& kamaytirib,& betonning& suvga&chidamliligini&ta’minlaydi.& • Korroziyaga! qarshi! va! antifriz! moddalari&–&temirbeton& armaturasini& himoya&qiladi&hamda&past&haroratda&ishlash&imkonini&beradi.& Polikarboksilat& asosidagi& zamonaviy& superplastifikatorlar& sement& zarrachalari& atrofida& elektr& itarilish& hosil& qilib,& ularning& aglomeratsiyasini& oldini& oladi& va& shu& orqali& JARTES 4;3 IJOURNAL.UZ NOVEMBER, 2025 Journal of Academic Research and Trends in Educational Sciences is produced by XALQARO TADQIQOT LLC Group, a division of ijournal.uz platform Downloaded from ijournal.uz. For personal use only. No other uses without permission. Copyright © 2025 XALQARO TADQIQOT LLC. All rights reserved. ! ( 82( ! ( beton&mustahkamligini&20–25&%&oshiradi.& Ishlab&chiqarish&jarayonida&qo‘shimchalarni&to‘g‘ri!dozalash!va!ketma-ket!kiritish& muhim.&Superplastifikatorlar&odatda&sement&massasining&0,5–1,2&%&miqdorida&qo‘llanadi.& Optimal&miqdor&laboratoriyada&aniqlanadi,&chunki&ortiqcha&doza&beton&qatlamlanishiga&olib& keladi.& Qo‘shimchalar& yordamida& suv-sement&nisbati&0,45&dan&0,30&gacha&kamaytiriladi.&Bu&esa& quyidagi&afzalliklarni&beradi:& • Betonning&harakatchanligi&oshadi;& • Mustahkamlik&15–25&%&gacha&ortadi;& • Suv&singdirish&kamayadi,&sovuqqa&bardoshlilik&yaxshilanadi;& • Karbonatatsiya&va&korroziya&jarayoni&sekinlashadi.& Zamonaviy&zavodlarda&ishlab&chiqarish&jarayonlari&onlayn!sensorlar&orqali&nazorat& qilinadi.& Har& bir& partiya& uchun& reologik& holat,& harorat,& suv& miqdori& va& qotish& tezligi& avtomatik&o‘lchanadi.&Natijada&inson&xatosi&kamayib,&mahsulot&sifati&barqaror&bo‘ladi.& Yevropa&mamlakatlarida& EN! 934-2&standarti& asosida& superplastifikatorlar& keng& qo‘llanadi.& Germaniyada& “BASF& Glenium”& seriyasi& suv& sarfini& 35& %& gacha& kamaytiradi,& Fransiyada&esa&LC3&texnologiyasi&yordamida&CO₂&chiqindilari&15&%&gacha&qisqartirilgan.& AQSh!va!Kanadada&ASTM!C494&standarti&bo‘yicha&A–G&turlaridagi&qo‘shimchalar&ishlab& chiqiladi;& sovuq& iqlim& sharoitida& havo& tortuvchi& moddalar& keng& tarqalgan.& Yaponiya!va!Janubiy!Koreyada&PCE&bilan&birga&viskozitet®ulyatorlari&qo‘llanilib,&3Dbetonda& qatlamlanish&70& %& gacha& kamayadi.& Xitoyda& PCE& asosidagi& mahsulotlar& eksport& qilinadi;& Singapurda& “yashil& beton”& konsepsiyasi& asosida& silika& fume& +& PCE& kombinatsiyasi& ishlatiladi.& MDH!va!O‘zbekistonda&esa&GOST&24211-2008&standarti&amal&qiladi.&Mahalliy&iqlim&sharoiti& uchun& antifriz,& havo& tortuvchi& va& gidrofob& qo‘shimchalarni& uyg‘unlashtirish& istiqbolli& yo‘nalish&sanaladi.& Xalqaro& tajriba& shuni& ko‘rsatadiki,& kimyoviy& qo‘shimchalar& betonning& texnik& va& ekspluatatsion&xususiyatlarini&tubdan&yaxshilaydi:& • Mustahkamlik&20–30&%&oshadi;& • Suv&singdirish&1,5–2&baravar&kamayadi;& • Sovuqqa&bardoshlilik&F100&dan&F300&gacha&ortadi;& • Qurilish&sikli&15–20&%&tezlashadi.& Ekologik& nuqtayi& nazardan,& sement& sarfining& kamayishi& 1& m³& beton& uchun& CO₂& chiqindisini&25–40&kg&gacha&kamaytiradi.&Bu&esa&“yashil&qurilish”&konsepsiyasiga&to‘la&mos& keladi.& O‘zbekiston&sharoitida&PC!400!D0&va&PC!500!D0&sementlari&bilan&mos&ishlaydigan& PCE!asosidagi!superplastifikatorlar,!gidrofob!va!antifriz&qo‘shimchalari&ishlab&chiqish& istiqbolli.& Bunday& yondashuv& mahalliy& xomashyoni& samarali& ishlatish,& ishlab& chiqarish& tannarxini&kamaytirish&va&beton&sifatini&xalqaro&darajaga&yetkazish&imkonini&beradi.& Kimyoviy& qo‘shimchalar& zamonaviy& qurilish& materiallari& ishlab& chiqarishning& JARTES 4;3 IJOURNAL.UZ NOVEMBER, 2025 Journal of Academic Research and Trends in Educational Sciences is produced by XALQARO TADQIQOT LLC Group, a division of ijournal.uz platform Downloaded from ijournal.uz. For personal use only. No other uses without permission. Copyright © 2025 XALQARO TADQIQOT LLC. All rights reserved. ! ( 83( ! ( ajralmas&qismi&bo‘lib,&ular&yordamida&yuqori&mustahkam,&ekologik&xavfsiz&va&uzoq&xizmat& muddatiga& ega& beton& turlari& yaratiladi.& Xalqaro& tajribalarni& mahalliy& ishlab& chiqarish& sharoitiga&tatbiq&etish&O‘zbekistonning&qurilish&sanoatini&yangi&bosqichga&olib&chiqadi.& FOYDALANILGAN!ADABIYOTLAR!RO’YIXATI! 1. Botirova,& N.,& Abdikomilova,& M.,& Botirov,& B.,& && Abdullayev,& M.& (2022).& DEVELOPMENT&OF&CONCRETE&COMPOSITION&WITH&THE&HELP&OF&CHEMICAL&ADDITIVES& OF&HIGH&STRENGTH&HEAVY&CONCRETE.&Академические&исследования&в&современной& науке,&1(17),&& 2. Botirova,& N.,& Rajabboyev,& A.,& && Raximboyev,& G.& A.& (2025).& TEMIRBETON& CHIQINDILARI& ASOSIDAGI& OG& ‘IR& BETONNING& FIZIK-MEXANIK& XOSSALARINI& TADQIQ& QILISHDA&EKSPERIMENTАL&TАDQIQОTLАRNI&О&‘TKАZISH&METОDIKАSI.&Теоретические& аспекты&становления&педагогических&наук,&4(4),&189-195.&& 3. &&Botirova,& N.,& Qurbonov,& S.,& && Umirqulov,& S.& (2025).& OPTIMAL& CONCRETE& COMPOSITION& FOR& ROADS:& DEVELOPMENT& IN& EUROPEAN& COUNTRIES.& Наука& и& инновации&в&системе&образования,&& 4. Botirov,&B.&F.,&&&Botirova,&N.&S.&(2024).&Identification&of&physical&and&mechanical& characteristics&of&high&strength&heavy&concrete.&Architecture.&Construction,&1(1),&134-140.& &