KOMPOZITSIYA TAMOYILLARINING MUHANDISLIK GRAFIKASI VA LIBOS DIZAYNIDAGI ERGONOMIK QO'LLANILISHI
Abstract
This article analyzes the ergonomic application of composition principles in engineering graphics and clothing design. The scientific and practical aspects of compositional structure are covered based on ergonomic factors such as human body proportions, movement dynamics, and adaptation to the environment. It also examines the methodology for applying the principles of composition, harmony, proportion, rhythm, and contrast in engineering drawing, construction graphics, and fashion design on an ergonomic basis. This article analyzes the ergonomic application of composition principles in engineering graphics and clothing design. The scientific and practical aspects of compositional structure are covered based on ergonomic factors such as human body proportions, movement dynamics, and adaptation to the environment. It also examines the methodology for applying the principles of composition, harmony, proportion, rhythm, and contrast in engineering drawing, construction graphics, and fashion design on an ergonomic This article analyzes the ergonomic application of composition principles in engineering graphics and clothing design. The scientific and practical aspects of compositional structure are covered based on ergonomic factors such as human body proportions, movement dynamics, and adaptation to the environment. It also examines the methodology for applying the principles of composition, harmony, proportion, rhythmin engineering drawing, construction graphics, aThis article analyzes the ergonomic application of composition principles in engineering graphics and clothing design. The scientific and practical aspects of compositional structure are covered based on ergonomic factors such as human body proportions, movement dynamics, and adaptation to the environment. It also examines the methodology for applying the principles of composition, harmony, proportion, rhythm, and contrast in engineering drawing, construction graphics, and fashion design on an ergonomic basis.
Full text
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND EDUCATION Volume 02, Issue 09, 2025 99 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND EDUCATION universalpublishings.com KOMPOZITSIYA TAMOYILLARINING MUHANDISLIK GRAFIKASI VA LIBOS DIZAYNIDAGI ERGONOMIK QO‘LLANILISHI Omonov Dilshod Esonovich Samarqand davlat pedagogika instituti, “Tasviriy san’at va texnologik ta’lim” kafedrasi professori, “Aniq va amaliy fanlar” fakulteti, “Muhandislik grafikasi va dizayn nazariyasi” 1-bosqich magistrantlari Jõrayeva Muxlisa Alisher qizi, Yunusova Nafisa Jamshid qizi Annotatsiya Ushbu maqolada kompozitsiya tamoyillarining muhandislik grafikasi va libos dizaynidagi ergonomik qo‘llanilishi tahlil qilinadi. Inson tana proporsiyalari, harakat dinamikasi, muhitga moslashuv kabi ergonomik omillar asosida kompozitsion tuzilmaning ilmiy va amaliy jihatlari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, muhandislik chizmachiligi, konstruktsion grafika va moda dizaynida kompozitsiyaning uyg‘unlik, mutanosiblik, ritm va kontrast tamoyillarini ergonomik asosda tatbiq etish metodikasi ko‘rib chiqiladi. Kalit so‘zlar: kompozitsiya, ergonomika, muhandislik grafikasi, libos dizayni, proporsiya, muvozanat, ritm, estetik uyg‘unlik. Abstract This article analyzes the ergonomic application of composition principles in engineering graphics and clothing design. The scientific and practical aspects of compositional structure are covered based on ergonomic factors such as human body proportions, movement dynamics, and adaptation to the environment. It also examines the methodology for applying the principles of composition, harmony, proportion, rhythm, and contrast in engineering drawing, construction graphics, and fashion design on an ergonomic basis. Keywords: composition, ergonomics, engineering graphics, clothing design, proportion, balance, rhythm, aesthetic harmony. Zamonaviy dizayn va texnik ijodiyot sohalarida kompozitsiya tamoyillari ham estetik, ham funksional ahamiyat kasb etadi. Muhandislik grafikasi hamda libos dizayni inson faoliyatining ikki muhim yo‘nalishi sifatida o‘zaro yaqin nazariy asosga ega bo‘lib, ularni birlashtirib turuvchi muhim omil bu — ergonomikadir. Ergonomika inson va texnik tizim o‘rtasidagi o‘zaro munosabatni o‘rganadigan fan bo‘lib, uning asosiy maqsadi — inson faoliyatini qulay, xavfsiz va samarali tashkil
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND EDUCATION Volume 02, Issue 09, 2025 100 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND EDUCATION universalpublishings.com etishdir. Shunday ekan, libos dizayni va muhandislik grafikasi jarayonlarida ergonomik tamoyillarni kompozitsiya nazariyasi bilan uyg‘unlashtirish zamonaviy dizayn ta’limi va ishlab chiqarish amaliyotida dolzarb masaladir. Kompozitsiya — bu tasviriy, fazoviy va funksional elementlarning ma’lum tartibda joylashuvi orqali yaxlit badiiy shakl yaratish jarayonidir. Muhandislik grafikasi va libos dizaynida bu jarayon nafaqat estetik, balki texnologik va amaliy asosga ham ega. 1. Kompozitsiya va ergonomikaning o‘zaro bog‘liqligi Kompozitsiya va ergonomika o‘zaro bir-birini to‘ldiruvchi tizimlardir. Agar kompozitsiya predmetning tashqi tuzilishini, ritm, proporsiya, rang va shakl uyg‘unligini belgilasa, ergonomika bu shakllarning inson tana tuzilishi va fiziologik qulayligiga mosligini nazorat qiladi. Muhandislik grafikasi fanida kompozitsion qonuniyatlar detallarni joylashtirishda, konstruksiyalarning muvozanatini ta’minlashda, chizmalarda vizual aniqlik va estetik uyg‘unlikni yaratishda muhim ahamiyatga ega. Shu bilan birga, ergonomik tahlil detallarni inson harakati, qo‘l uzunligi, ko‘rish burchagi va ish qulayligiga moslashtirishni ta’minlaydi. Libos dizaynida esa kompozitsion tamoyillar — ritm, kontrast, simmetriya, asimmetriya, markaz, proporsiya — inson gavdasi proporsiyalariga asoslanadi. Masalan, “oltin kesim” tamoyili inson gavdasining tabiiy mutanosibliklariga mos keladi. Shu sababli ergonomik tahlil libosning shaklini, chiziqlar yo‘nalishini, ranglar nisbatini to‘g‘ri tanlashda asosiy rol o‘ynaydi. 2. Muhandislik grafikasi jarayonida kompozitsiya tamoyillarining ergonomik qo‘llanilishi Muhandislik grafikasi inson tafakkurining texnik va estetik uyg‘unligini aks ettiradi. Bu fan orqali texnik ob’ektlarning shakli, konstruksiyasi, fazoviy joylashuvi va funksional tuzilishi aniqlanadi. Muhandislik chizmasini yaratishda kompozitsion tamoyillar quyidagi yo‘nalishlarda qo‘llaniladi: • Muvozanat (balans): chizma elementlarining simmetrik yoki asimmetrik joylashuvi orqali vizual barqarorlik hosil qilinadi; • Ritm: chizmada takrorlanuvchi shakllar, chiziqlar yoki o‘lchamlar tizimi texnik uyg‘unlikni yaratadi; • Proporsiya: detallar o‘lchamlarining o‘zaro mutanosibligi konstruksiyaning estetik yaxlitligini ta’minlaydi; • Markaz va diqqat nuqtasi: asosiy elementlarning joylashuvi o‘quvchi e’tiborini muhim qismlarga yo‘naltiradi.
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND EDUCATION Volume 02, Issue 09, 2025 101 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND EDUCATION universalpublishings.com Ergonomik yondashuv esa bu kompozitsion tuzilmani inson harakat dinamikasi, ish qulayligi va vizual sezgirlik asosida moslashtirishni nazarda tutadi. Masalan, texnik panellar, boshqaruv bloklari yoki grafik interfeyslar chizilayotganda insonning ko‘rish burchagi (15–20° pastga) hisobga olinadi. Bu — ergonomikaning muhandislik grafikasi bilan uzviy aloqasini isbotlaydi. 3. Libos dizaynida kompozitsiya tamoyillarining ergonomik tatbiqi Libos dizaynida kompozitsiya tamoyillari inson tanasining estetik proporsiyalariga bevosita bog‘liq. Libosning shakli, rangi, fakturasi, chizig‘i va silueti inson gavdasining tabiiy proporsiyalariga mos kelishi lozim. Ergonomik yondashuv libos dizaynida quyidagilarni ta’minlaydi: • inson harakatini cheklamaydigan, qulay shakl yaratish; • tana proporsiyalariga muvofiq chiziqlar tizimini ishlab chiqish; • vizual og‘irlik va muvozanatni to‘g‘ri taqsimlash; • materialning havo o‘tkazuvchanligi, egiluvchanligi, harakat elastikligini inobatga olish. Masalan, libos dizaynida “vertikal ritm” inson bo‘yini vizual cho‘zadi, “gorizontal ritm” esa kenglikni ta’kidlaydi. “Markaz tamoyili” — dizayn kompozitsiyasida asosiy diqqat nuqtasini belgilaydi. Ergonomik tahlil bu tamoyillarni nafaqat estetik, balki funksional jihatdan ham moslashtirishga yordam beradi. Libosning ergonomik dizayni o‘z ichiga quyidagilarni oladi: • antropometrik o‘lchovlar asosida shakl yaratish; • harakat erkinligini ta’minlovchi kesim tizimi; • issiqlik, harakat, to‘qima va material xususiyatlariga moslashuv; • individual estetik did va qulaylik uyg‘unligini ta’minlash. • 4. Kompozitsiya va ergonomikaning integratsion modeli Kompozitsiya va ergonomika o‘zaro integratsiya qilinib, dizaynning estetik-funksional modelini hosil qiladi. Quyidagi jadval bu integratsiyani ifodalaydi: Kompozitsiya tamoyili Ergonomik talabi Natijaviy samara Proporsiya Antropometrik moslik Shaklning tabiiy mutanosibligi Muvozanat Barqarorlik va qulaylik Vizual va jismoniy uyg‘unlik Ritm Harakat dinamikasi Estetik harakat tuyg‘usi Markaz Vizual diqqat nuqtasi Kompozitsiyaning badiiy yaxlitligi Kontrast Sezgi farqlanishi Dinamik ko‘rinish va ifoda
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND EDUCATION Volume 02, Issue 09, 2025 102 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND EDUCATION universalpublishings.com Xulosa Kompozitsiya tamoyillari muhandislik grafikasi va libos dizaynining estetik va funksional asosini tashkil etadi. Ularni ergonomik yondashuv bilan uyg‘unlashtirish inson uchun qulay, estetik jihatdan mukammal va funksional jihatdan samarali mahsulot yaratish imkonini beradi. Muhandislik grafikasi sohasida ergonomika chizma, detallar va interfeyslarni inson fiziologiyasiga moslashtirish orqali texnik dizayn sifatini oshiradi. Libos dizaynida esa u estetik shakl, tana proporsiyasi va harakat qulayligini uyg‘unlashtirish orqali badiiy va amaliy mukammallikka erishishga xizmat qiladi. Shunday qilib, kompozitsiya va ergonomika o‘zaro integratsiyalashgan holda zamonaviy dizayn ta’limining ilmiy-metodik poydevorini tashkil etadi. FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR 1. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining “Raqamli O‘zbekiston – 2030” strategiyasi to‘g‘risidagi farmoni. 2. Qodirova G.X. Dizayn asoslari va kompozitsiya tamoyillari. — Toshkent: Fan, 2021. 3. Karimova N. Ergonomika va inson muhit uyg‘unligi. — Samarqand, 2020. 4. Akbarov M., To‘xtayev A. Muhandislik grafikasi asoslari. — Toshkent, 2019. 5. Golytsin V.V. Kompozitsiya v dizayne i arxitekture. — Moskva, 2018. 6. Omonov Dilshod Esonovich., Spiritual values and their importance in human development. NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT] ISSN : 2394-3696 Website: ijiert.org VOLUME 8, ISSUE 10, Oct. -2021 199 | P a g e 7. D. E. Omonov., The Role of Engineering Graphics in the Training of "Fine Arts and Drawing" Teachers Pioneer: Journal of Advanced Research and Scientific Progress (JARSP) Volume: 01 Issue: 04 | 2022 ISSN: 2751-7551 http://innosci.org 108 | Page 8. I. U. Izbosarov, D.E.Omonov, S.Abduvohidova., Stages of Working Thematic Composition in Fine Arts Lessons Pioneer: Journal of Advanced Research and Scientific Progress (JARSP) Volume: 01 Issue: 04 | 2022 ISSN: 2751-7551 http://innosci.org 112 | Page 9. DILSHOD ESONOVICH OMONOV., Ways to introduce the science of painting to the visual arts using new pedagogical technologies. International journal of philosophical studies and Social sciences ISSN-E: 2181-2047, ISSN-P: 2181-2039 http://ijpsss.iscience.uz/index.php/ijpsss Vol 1, Issue 3 2021 10. D. E. Omonov., Integration of fine arts and computer technologies in art education of students. MIDDLE EUROPEAN SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN ISSN 2694-9970 Middle European Scientific Bulletin, VOLUME 17 Oct 2021 Copyright (c) 2021
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND EDUCATION Volume 02, Issue 09, 2025 103 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND EDUCATION universalpublishings.com Author (s). This is an open -access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) .To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 11. D. E. Omonov., Improving Conversation Classes on Fine Arts in Secondary Schools. European Journal of Innovation in Nonformal Education (EJINE) Volume 2 | Issue 2 | ISSN: 2795-8612. 12. D.E.Omonov., the Role of Graphics in the Training of Teachers of "Fine Arts and Engineering Graphics" European Journal of Innovation in Nonformal Education (EJINE) Volume 2 | Issue 2 | ISSN: 2795-8612. 13. D. E. Omonov, G. Namozova, F. Rashidov, S. Abduvohidova., Engineering graphic sciences are a conceptual framework for conducting educational technologies in lectures and practical training. 14. D. E. Omonov., Conceptual Bases of the Production of Teaching Technologies in Exposure and Practical Training (In the Example of the Engineering Graphics Course) Pioneer: Journal of Advanced Research and Scientific Progress (JARSP) Volume: 01 Issue: 04 | 2022 ISSN: 2751-7551 http://innosci.org 104 | Page 15. D.Raxmatullayeva, U.Xodjayeva, F.Ataxanova. “Libos tarixi”, darslik, Toshkent: “Sano-standart” nashriyoti, 2015. -336 b. 16. К.Кантор. Правда о дизайне. - М.: АНИР, 1996. 358 20. К.Тетхем, Дж. Симен. “Дизайн в моде. Моделирование одежды”. Москва, “Риппол классик”, 2005. 17. R. Mirzaahmedov. “Chitgarlik sirlari”, Toshkent, Islom Karimov nomidagi Respublika hayriya jamoat fondi, “San’at” jurnali nashtiyoti, 2017., - 5 bet. 18. S.Bulatov. 0 ‘zbek xalq amaliy bezak san’ati. T.: “Mehnat”, 1991, - 312-b. 19. Сю Джонс. Фашион-дизайн. - Санкт Петербург, “Питер”, 2012. 359 Internet saytlari: 20. http:// devianart.com/ gremo 21. http://issuu.com/westminsterfashion/docs/westminster gim atkinson 22. http://kafedramody.ru/kursy-master-klassyseminary/dizaj n-kostj uma 23. http://pikby.com/account/quangkitaro198/6861658306348 72965/ 24. http://www.trashtocouture.com/ 25. https:// diyfashionsense.Wordpress.com/ 26. https://www.arts.ac.uk/colleges/central-saint-martins 27. www.fashionaryhand 360 28. www.academy of art university