Improving Open Science for Heliophysics at HDRL

SPASE 3.0 Publication Transparency •Discovered gaps in publisher infrastructure for detecting data and software citations, leading to a COPDESS workshop (more on the way). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15103454, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15103616 •Uncovered gaps in international metadata infrastructure for both data and software. • Established a working group in the Research Software Alliance under the Research Software Infrastructure Forum called “Making Correct Software Citation Easy and Useful” to address gaps in software citation infrastructure. •Pursuing collaborations with GitHub, Zenodo, DataCite, ESIP’s Science-on-schema.org, and CodeMeta to resolve these gaps. Improving Open Science for Heliophysics at HDRL Rebecca Ringuette, Brian A. Thomas, Robert Candey, Jack Ireland, Lan Jian, Andriy Koval, Zach Boquet, Baptiste Cecconi*, Tressa Helvey-Kasulke, Catherine Byrd All authors are members of the Heliophysics Digital Resource Library (HDRL) with the exception of Baptiste, who so graciously provided support in some of these efforts. Figure 1: Validation errors encountered in the Schema.org validator tool for Schema.org JSON-LD generated by DataCite. The person indicated is in the contributor field in DataCite’s XML but was mapped to the editor field. The contributor type is indicated with a field name not recognized by Schema.org. Embedding this metadata in a dataset landing page would reduce discoverability of that dataset by internet search engines. The ESIP Science-onSchema.org group has developed a recognized standard for how this should be represented. https://commons.datacite.org/doi.org/10.48322/g2n0-2615 Figure 2: Screenshot of the citation.doi.org website’s generated citation for a highly used solar physics analysis software called sunpy. Note the BibTex citation type is a book. This error has been observed for several software packages hosted on GitHub with DOIs minted through the GitHub-Zenodo workflow. Levels of Service •Will use a different classification scheme for research data and mission data, likely research data transparency grades (e.g., 10.5281/zenodo.14641876) and mission data processing levels. •Preparing for engagement with missions for feedback on the mission data processing levels definitions for Heliophysics. •Development of the Levels of Service for research data to occur later. Desirable Characteristics •The majority of responses are public, only minor changes remain. • Many responses were “fully met” and already part of operations. •The exercise prompted efforts to assess and improve various approaches used. • HDRL’s public answers are available here: https://tinyurl.com/HDRLDesChar •An open spreadsheet for public use is available here: https://tinyurl.com/PublicDesChar, 10.5281/zenodo.14207399 Mapping from SPASE to DataCite and Schema.org Mapping from Space Physics Archive Search and Extract (SPASE) metadata to Schema.org and DataCite improves Heliophysics infrastructure to support Open Science, primarily citation and FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability). Existing mappings to these structures significantly lack the support for these goals, motivating an effort to improve them. We present the final implemented mappings from the current version of SPASE to Schema.org and DataCite with improved support for these goals and alignment with existing standards. Averaged FAIR Score Schema.org DataCite Before 27.91% 42.04% After 60.28% 54.63% Projected 68.39% 64.57% Projected Increase + 40.48% + 22.53% Figure 5: Sample FAIR assessment of Schema.org (left) and DataCite (center) metadata created from a goldstandard SPASE record shown on a radial plot, with averaged scores shown in the table (right). A larger covered area implies a greater FAIR score. Before: Schema.org JSON-LD currently embedded in SPASE landing page, DataCite xml from their API. After: New Schema.org generated with soso. New DataCite generated from a new Python implementation. Projected: Once the data license metadata is added to the SPASE record. See https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15692839 for more details. Mappings are implemented in https://github.com/clnsmth/soso and https://github.com/Kurokio/SPASE-DataCite, to be incorporated into operations at HDRL soon to improve FAIR. SPASE 3.0 is the next generation of the SPASE metadata format for Heliophysics which was established in 2005 (current version is 2.7.0). Its development is driven by the need to increase support for FAIR principles and solve difficulties with creating and managing SPASE resources. The fundamental functionality of the SPASE model will be in support of a Heliophysics-wide search interface where space physics and solar physics data are purposefully supported. Progress to date ❑Three rounds of use case development and international voting complete. ❑66 accepted use cases with 3 levels of prioritizations assigned. ❑Functional requirements have been extracted from those use cases. ❑Drafting in progress of the model design with resource description examples. ❑Submit a formal proposal to the international community for adoption. Metadata Quality Improvements Significant streamlining of HDRL’s metadata management is in process. A thorough assessment of the current compliance and metadata quality of NASA SPASE records has revealed challenges and opportunities for metadata records. A recent restructuring of the NASA SPASE team has resulted in increased efficiencies, including accelerated preparations for improvements en masse. •~600 SPASE records updated with ObservedRegions (e.g., Earth’s magnetosphere). •Prework completed to populate many publisher names and RORs in metadata. •Obtained author names for many legacy datasets from mission information through SPDF. • Initial selection of NASA’s MEditor software to be the new the content management system for NASA SPASE records. Next Steps ❑Populate CC0 license metadata when fully supported in SPASE (~2 months). ❑Finalize author lists as a precursor to minting hundreds of DOIs for legacy data. ❑Update instrument stop times for completed missions and propagate to their datasets. ❑Test and implement MEditor for increased curation and management speed. Figure 6: Statistics for critical metadata fields in the NASA SPASE record repository. Orange indicates fields needed for citations, slash lines show fields needed for DCAT3-US compliance, with blue used for the remaining fields. Green is used to project the number of records to be assigned a CC0 license in the near future. Note that the use of data licenses was not considered as part of SPASE and so by design there are no data licenses in any current SPASE record Figure 3: Draft versions of the Levels of Service diagrams for future mission and research products at HDRL. In this version, classification of mission products are shown by funding source and data processing levels. Classification of research products are also shown by funding source, but data transparency grades are used as a more applicable classification scheme. Maximum service levels are indicated by the colors. Definition of all terms is a work in progress. Goals for SPASE 3.0 •Modernized and broadened support for FAIR •Expanded incorporation of identifiers (e.g. keywords) •Increased flexibility in identifier choice •Simpler metadata record creation and structure