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Int. Jr. of Contemp. Res. in Multi. PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL Volume 4 Issue 6 [NovDec] Year 2025 154 © 2025 Smriti Shukla, Dr Shiv Shankar Singh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND).https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Research Article : Smriti Shukla 1*, Dr. Shiv Shankar Singh 2 1 Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Geography, D.C.S.K. P.G. College, Mau, affiliated with Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India 2 Principal & HOD, Department of Geography, D.C.S.K. P.G. College, Mau, affiliated with Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India Corresponding Author: *Smriti Shukla DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17608179 Manuscript Information - — -, , , , - — , — , , - , — , - , — , - - — - , - , - - , - , , - -- -, - , ▪ ISSN No: 2583-7397 ▪ Received: 19-10-2025 ▪ Accepted: 10-11-2025 ▪ Published: 14-11-2025 ▪ IJCRM:4(6); 2025: 154-162 ▪ ©2025, All Rights Reserved ▪ Plagiarism Checked: Yes ▪ Peer Review Process: Yes How to Cite this Article Shukla S, Singh SS. : . Int J Contemp Res Multidiscip. 2025;4(6):154-162. Access this Article Online www.multiarticlesjournal.com : , , , , , , , -,
Int. Jr. of Contemp. Res. in Multi. PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL Volume 4 Issue 6 [NovDec] Year 2025 155 © 2025 Smriti Shukla, Dr Shiv Shankar Singh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND).https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1. , - (00 et al., 2021) , , , , , , , - , - , 65 70 , (Infrastructure Elements) , , 2. , , , , , , , , , - , - , -, ( et al., 2021) , 3. , , - , - , , , , , , - - , - , 4. , , ( et al., 2021) - , , , - , , , -, - , , , ; 5. , , , , , - , , 6. — , — , — , , - -
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Int. Jr. of Contemp. Res. in Multi. PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL Volume 4 Issue 6 [NovDec] Year 2025 159 © 2025 Smriti Shukla, Dr Shiv Shankar Singh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND).https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ , - - -, - - - - , — , — - , / - - , - - - , / , - , - - - , - — , , , - — - /- - - — , - -, , — - - - , - - , - - - -, - - / , - - - - - , - - - , - - - - , - -/- - - ( et al., 2021) - - , - - - - , - - - /- , /, —-, -, - — -, - - - - , - , - , - - - - , - - - ( et al., 2021) - -—- , , -— , - , , , , - - , - - - , - / , - - , - - , —
Int. Jr. of Contemp. Res. in Multi. PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL Volume 4 Issue 6 [NovDec] Year 2025 160 © 2025 Smriti Shukla, Dr Shiv Shankar Singh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND).https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ , - -19 - -, ( et al., 2021) - -, - , - , - - , - -, - - - - , - - : ; - - ( et al., 2021) , - -, - - , , - - , - , - - : - ‘-’ - - , - - , -, - - , - ( et al., 2021) , - -, - - - , - , - - , - - , / - - , - , - - , - , - , - -- - - - - - - - - , —, , , — - - ( et al., 2021) - - , - - - , ‘-/’ - - - - - , - - - -— , - -— — , , -— - - - — , — - , - - : - , ‘- ’ , - ‘ ’ — - ( et al., 2021) ‘-’ - -- - , -
Int. Jr. of Contemp. Res. in Multi. PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL Volume 4 Issue 6 [NovDec] Year 2025 161 © 2025 Smriti Shukla, Dr Shiv Shankar Singh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND).https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ —- , , -, - --— - - / - - - , - /- , - - - - , - - - -, - , - -- , - - , - - - , - , - , , - - - - - - , ‘-’ , - -, ( et al., 2021) - - , - - , -- - - /- - -, - - - - , - - -- , - - , -, -, - / - , -, - - ( et al., 2021) , - 1. , , , , . : , – - . Land . 2023;12(8):1624. 2. , , , , . . Land . 2025;14(3):522. 3. , , , . - : , . Habitat Int . 2022;121:102530. 4. , , , , , . . Sustainability . 2023;15(3):1855. 5. , , . : . Agriculture . 2024;14(7):1022. 6. , . : . Sci Afr . 2022;16:e01190. 7. - , - , - , -- , - , , . AURORAL : . Technol Soc . 2023;74:102304. 8. , . ?: – . Telecommun Policy . 2023;47(9):102616. 9. , . () . Environ Res . 2022;207:112210. 10. , , . : - . Sustain Cities Soc . 2021;74:103186. 11. , , , , , . : . Environ Sci Technol . 2021;55(17):11511–20.
Int. Jr. of Contemp. Res. in Multi. PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL Volume 4 Issue 6 [NovDec] Year 2025 162 © 2025 Smriti Shukla, Dr Shiv Shankar Singh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND).https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 12. - , , - . ?: -19 – ?. J Rural Stud . 2022;96:332–42. 13. , , , . : . Sustainability . 2022;14(9):5041. 14. , , , . : . Sustainability . 2021;13(9):5172. 15. , , , , , . - : . J Rural Stud . 2022;93:196– 209. 16. , . : , . Energy Policy . 2022;—(/ ). 17. , , , , - , , . : . Hum Resour Health . 2021;19(1):103. 18. , , . : . Energy . 2022;247:123437. 19. , , , , . : . Cureus . 2024;16(3). 20. , , , , , , . STIRPAT . J Environ Manag . 2023;325:116502. 21. , . -19 : . J Exerc Sci Fitness . 2021;19(3):195–203. 22. , . - : . J Integr Agric . 2021;20(4):998–1011. Creative Commons (CC) License This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. About the corresponding author Smriti Shukla is a Ph.D. Research Scholar in the Department of Geography at D.C.S.K. P.G. College, Mau, affiliated with Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Her research focuses on geographical studies and regional development within the context of Indian socio-environmental systems.