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PRINCIPLES AND STRUCTURE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAINING
Tu emu a o a Aziza Begibae na
Assis an , Depa men o Pedagogy and Psychology, Ka akalpak S a e Uni e si y named a e
Be dakh, Republic o Ka akalpaks an.
[email p o ec ed]
Masha ipo a Ma una
S uden o Ka akalpak S a e Uni e si y.
Sey mambe o a Fa ogʻa
S uden o Ka akalpak S a e Uni e si y.
A abaye a Maʼmu a
S uden o Ka akalpak S a e Uni e si y.
h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17668800
Abs ac . This s udy p o ides de ailed in o ma ion abou he p oblems o a g oup o
s uden s a ising om he pedagogical side in he p inciples and s uc u e o psychological
aining in educa ional p ocesses. Many o ou o eign scien is s ha e conduc ed esea ch on
elimina ing p oblems in he p inciples and s uc u e o psychological aining. I is sa e o say ha
he esul s o he esea ch ca ied ou using mode n me hods o applying psychological aining in
educa ion ha e yielded esul s.
Key wo ds: Psychological aining, psychological me hods, pedagogical me hods,
indi idual app oach, me hodological psychological p oblems, psychological exe cises.
PSIXOLOGIK TRENINGLARNING PRINSIPLARI VA TUZILISHI
Anno a siya. Ushbu adqiqo da a’lim ja ayonla ida psixologik eningla ning p insipla i
a uzilishi bo’yicha pedagogik a a dan kelib chiqqan alabala gu uhi muammola i haqida
ba a sil ma’lumo la kel i ib o’ ilgan. Psixologik eningla da p insipla i a uzilishida
muammola ni ba a a e ish bo’yicha ko’pchilik xo ijiy olimla imiz adqiqo la ni amalga
oshi gan. Psixologik eningla ni a’limda qo’llashning zamona iy usulla idan oydalangan holda
amalga oshi ilgan adqiqo na ijala i o’z sama asini be gan desak yanglishmaymiz.
Kali so’zla : Psixologik ening, psixologik me odla , pedagogik me odla , indi idual
yondashu , uslubiy psixologik muammola , psixologik mashqla .
In oduc ion
Despi e he a ie y o psychological exe cises used in psychological aining sessions, he
a ie y o eaching me hods o eache s, and he a ie y o pedagogical me hods used by
psychologis s in o ganizing psychological aining sessions, i is possible o single ou
me hodological p oblems in se e al main psychological aining me hods. Mos o hem a e based
on coope a i e lea ning (i.e., s uden s wo k in g oups in he p ocess o coope a i e lea ning),
which adi ionally includes g oup discussion and si ua ional ole-playing.
In addi ion, esea che s - heo is s and p ac icing psychologis s who sol e me hodological
p oblems o psychological aining - p opose o include aining in psychophysiological sel -
egula ion h ough aining in in e pe sonal sensi i i y, including aining aimed a inc easing he
sensi i i y o s uden s' pe cep ion in collec i e coope a ion. I is also ecommended ha
educa ional psychologis s use medi a i e me hods and s imula ing ( o eaching sel -hypnosis)
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me hods in psychological aining. The psychologis - aine mus make he lec u e mo e since e
and unde s andable wi h he help o his body language, eye con ac , acial exp essions, and hand
ges u es. To make he lec u es in e es ing, he psychologis - aine mus add posi i e and chee ul
ene gy o his speech. This helps o keep he s uden s ocused.
The ela ionship o he psychologis - aine wi h he s uden g oup is also e y impo an ,
because his app oach encou ages lea ning and mu ual assis ance among he s uden s. The
collabo a i e app oach includes he ollowing aspec s: Exchange o ideas and discussion: The
psychologis - aine should s i e o communica e openly wi h s uden s. Exchange o ideas and
discussion in a g oup, encou aging people o exp ess hei opinions, hea ing he opinion o each
s uden , deepens he lea ning p ocess. The psychologis - aine should y o wo k wi h s uden s,
no jus lec u e. O en, h ough pa icipa ion in g oup wo k, simula ions and ole-playing, s onge
ela ionships a e es ablished be ween s uden s. The p inciples and s uc u e o psychological
aining a e based mainly on he ac ha he p epa a o y g oup discussion is a join (collabo a i e)
discussion o any con o e sial issue, which allows cla i ying he opinions, posi ions and a i udes
o g oup membe s in he p ocess o di ec communica ion (possibly changing, e lec ing, ee-
hinking). G oup discussion in aining can also be used o gi e pa icipan s he oppo uni y o
look a he p oblem a ising in psychological aining om di e en poin s o iew ( his allows o
mu ual guidance and cla i ica ion o mu ual posi ions, which educes esis ance o accep ing new
in o ma ion om o he membe s o he g oup) and as a way o o e come he psychological
me hodological dilemma o g oup e lex h ough indi idual analysis. As a esul , his expe ience
s eng hens he uni y o he g oup and a he same ime helps he pa icipan s o open hei wo ld.
We belie e ha he e a e a ious easons o classi ying he o ms o g oup discussion in
he implemen a ion o psychological aining in coope a i e lea ning. In s uc u ed discussions,
he main causes o me hodological p oblems in psychological aining a e de e mined by he opic
o discussion, and some imes hei o de is clea ly egula ed. Uns uc u ed discussions a e
cha ac e ized by he ole o he leade in he me hodology o passi e psychological
me hodological p oblems, hei opics a e chosen a hei disc e ion, he ime o discussion is no
o mally limi ed, he condi ions o psychological p epa a ion a e explained, he ules o he eam
a e explained. In addi ion, in psychological aining, psychologis s can conside hema ic
discussions, in which opics ha a e impo an o all pa icipan s in he aining a e discussed;
biog aphical; in e ac i e me hods, he s uc u e and con en o he ela ionships o g oup membe s,
pedagogical and psychologically based sou ces a e used. F om discussion me hods, psychological
me hods a e used in he analysis o a ious si ua ions om he li e o li e o he pa icipan s o he
aining, in he analysis o complex si ua ions in in e pe sonal ela ionships p oposed by he
psychologis , and in o he cases. Game me hods include si ua ional ole-playing, didac ic, c ea i e,
o ganiza ional-ac i i y, imi a ion, business games. The use o game me hods in aining, acco ding
o many esea che s, is conside ed e y e ec i e. A he i s s age o g oup (coope a i e) wo k,
games a e use ul as a condi ion o elimina ing dep ession and men al ension o he pa icipan s,
as a condi ion o painless emo al o psychological de enses. The game me hod based on
psychological aining e y o en becomes a diagnos ic-based sel -diagnosis ool, which allows
you o easily iden i y di icul ies in a en i e communica ion and he p esence o se ious
psychological p oblems.
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Thanks o he game, he p ocess o psychological p epa a ion is accele a ed, new
beha io al skills, e bal and non- e bal communica ion skills a e de eloped, and op imal ways o
in e ac ing wi h people a ound a e lea ned. Me hods aimed a de eloping social cogni ion de elop
he abili y o pe cei e, unde s and and e alua e o he people, hemsel es, hei g oups.
Du ing he aining, wi h he help o specially designed psychological exe cises,
pa icipan s ecei e e bal and non e bal in o ma ion abou how o he s pe cei e hem, how
co ec ly hey pe cei e hemsel es. They acqui e he skills o deep hinking abou he objec o
pe cep ion, seman ic and psychological assessmen . In e-lea ning, s uden s spend a lo o ime
wai ing. Rega dless o he goal, eache s o u o s need o p o ide eedback on hei w i ing and
de e mine he le el o success. They ace some psychological me hodological p oblems: hey ge
s uck in i and he w i ing p ocess is delayed. In psychological p ocesses, comple ed e sions; sel -
assessmen o he wo k being done du ing he w i ing p ocess becomes di icul and unde s anding
becomes e y complica ed. Teache s lack a gene al unde s anding o s uden s’ psychological
p ocesses and ha e di icul y assessing s uden s’ unde s anding o collabo a ion. While
pedagogical heo ies a e necessa y and can be pa ially applied in e-lea ning con ex s, au oma ed
me hods can be used wi h compu e -based p ocedu es. Conside he s akeholde pe spec i e.
The e a e many s akeholde s (s uden s, eache s, ins uc o s, esea che s, academics)
whose oles can be complemen ed by e-lea ning con ex s. Thei esea ch in e es s may di e ,
o e lap, o con lic . These oles may also be powe ul. Me hodological p oblems in psychological
aining hinde he ype o ool used o analyze a gi en lea ning si ua ion. Mos ools designed o
analyze so wa e ha enhances s uden s’ collabo a ion skills a e mo e di icul o use by o he
s akeholde s.
Conclusion
In psychological aining, he aine gi es a b ie p esen a ion on he opic, goals and
objec i es o he aining, and i s gene al essence. The p esen a ion is conduc ed in acco dance
wi h he opic o he aining and based on he equi emen s o he aining. In o ma ion ha is
used by eache s and psychologis s as a means o p esen ing new ma e ial o ain aining
pa icipan s can be used. The aine conduc s a psychological aining lec u e o hose who a e
eady o ecei e new ma e ial om he aining pa icipan s. In o de o he pa icipan s o ully
and clea ly pe cei e he p esen a ion, adap o he aining sessions, and also p epa e o he
aining, he aine conduc s acili a ion, psychological mode a ion, o ole-playing games be o e
he psychological lec u e. In he p ocesses o psychological assessmen , i is impo an ha each
pa icipan in he aining ac i ely lis ens o he in o ma ion.
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