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भारतीय औषधि कानूनों में मौजूदा खामियों पर शोध

Manudev; Dr. Vipin Kumar Singh

Abstract

मादक द्रव्यों का दुरुपयोग और नशीली दवाओं की लत एक जटिल वैश्विक समस्या है जो समाज के सभी स्तरों के लोगों को प्रभावित करती है। नशीली दवाओं के दुरुपयोग को कम करने और नशीली दवाओं के उपयोग को प्रतिबंधित करने के लिए, दुनिया भर की सरकारों ने विभिन्न नीतियाँ और नियम पारित किए हैं। वैश्विक स्तर पर, नशीली दवाओं का दुरुपयोग और अवैध तस्करी राष्ट्रीय स्तर पर समाज की स्थिरता, कानून-व्यवस्था और सुरक्षा के लिए बड़े खतरे हैं। यह शोध भारत में नशीली दवाओं के उपयोग के जटिल नेटवर्क की गहराई से पड़ताल करता है और इसके विविध स्वरूप पर प्रकाश डालता है। राष्ट्रीय और अंतर्राष्ट्रीय स्तर पर वर्तमान नियामक ढाँचा, कानून और नीतियाँ, वे सभी कारक हैं जिन पर नशीली दवाओं और मादक द्रव्यों के दुरुपयोग के अध्ययन में विचार किया जाएगा। इस लक्ष्य को प्राप्त करने के लिए, एक सैद्धांतिक पद्धति का उपयोग किया गया, जिसमें एक गुणात्मक दृष्टिकोण और कानूनों, सम्मेलनों, संधियों और नीतियों जैसे महत्वपूर्ण कानूनी स्रोतों की गहन जाँच शामिल है।

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176 https://researchtrendsjournal.com Online at: https://researchtrendsjournal.com ISSN No: 2584-282X Indexed Journal Peer Reviewed Journal INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRENDS IN EMERGING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Volume 3; Issue 1; 2025; Page No. 176-180 Received: 01-11-2024 Accepted: 05-12-2024         1Manudev and 2Dr. Vipin Kumar Singh 1Research Scholar, Faculty of Law, P.K. University, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh, India 2Professor, Faculty of Law, P.K. University, Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh, India DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17459203 Corresponding Author: Manudev lkjka'k                                          ,               ,             , -                                        ,   ,                          ,       ,      , ,             ewy'kCn: , ,  ,   çLrkouk    ,              ,  (    2000   )        ,              , ''     ,  (   )    -               ,        ,      '  '    ,                  -      ( )        ,     '   '          ,     ' '    ; ' '   -                  11       ''        ''    '', ''    ''  ''    ' '    12    ,    ,                   , "     ""       "13 ,     ,             ,    ()       ,   (  ) ,                                  ,              , 1985        (NDPS ) International Journal of Trends in Emerging Research and Development https://researchtrendsjournal.com 177 https://researchtrendsjournal.com                                , NDPS                               NDPS        ,   ,  ,                               ,     -                               ,                     ()                                  . (2021) [1]                           ,   /                   (    )                                      2  1985            ,                      , -                      ,                . (2021) [2]                    ,                       ,                                                                                                                      ,          , 21  ,         ;                 . (2022) [3]                      ,    (BNN)      ,  2010  UUPPTPPU  8                 ,           : ()                    ;  ()                                     ,                                                        ,  BNN        . (2024) [4]                                          ,                   ,                   2003     2    ,                             ,   ,  ,                     . (2018) [5]                 -         ,                         ,                   ,   -,              -              ,      ,       ,   , ,   ,                            International Journal of Trends in Emerging Research and Development https://researchtrendsjournal.com 178 https://researchtrendsjournal.com        ,                                                                              ,               -        ()                     INCB                                            ()  -      " ,      ,      ,   ,     -                                        "338                       (ICCPR)            “        ”             ()                              ,                ,          ,              ,                                                           ,                 -                   349  ,                           NDPS                   NCRB         (NCRB)    "  "     ,               NDPS           1:        2016 74.2 7776 2017 70.6 9637 2018 84.7 9113    2016-2018                                  ,               ()          :                                ,                                                                        ,                        ,                        ,   ,            ,                                                       -          : . .,                                           International Journal of Trends in Emerging Research and Development https://researchtrendsjournal.com 179 https://researchtrendsjournal.com              ,             “ –          ”:  2001              ,         ' '                       2014      (        )                                         “ ”           ' '            ' '        , EMCCDA     ' '       : "                 ,         ,           "                                 1990      ' '   ''                                     -          ''          “ ”                                        (EMCDDA)                         ,            ,                               ,         -    :                ( ) 2019                          ,          -        ,     (), /     ()                 -                     (  , ,                 )     -                                2:      -   /       -       %  %  2016 5199 5097 102 0 41.7 4 2017 6705 6551 152 2 29 5.2 2018 7193 7039 153 1 7.3 5.3 2019 7860 7719 140 1 9.3 5.6 2020 9169 8974 193 2 14.7 6  3:  /       -   18   18-30  30-45    -     -         2016 38 5 0 43 1253 19 0 1272 2012 48 0 2060 2017 45 5 0 50 1691 34 1 1726 2631 60 1 2693 2018 46 9 0 55 1745 28 1 1774 2797 64 0 2861 2019 53 3 0 56 1877 31 1 1909 3296 52 0 3348 2020 67 2 0 69 2342 38 2 2382 3568 73 0 3641 International Journal of Trends in Emerging Research and Development https://researchtrendsjournal.com 180 https://researchtrendsjournal.com  /       -   45-60 60                2016 1436 26 0 1462 358 4 0 362 2017 1719 40 0 1759 464 13 0 477 2018 1863 45 0 1908 588 7 0 595 2019 1973 42 0 2015 520 12 0 532 2020 2226 62 0 2238 771 18 0 789  4:                       (   )      18-30    30-45    45-60  60                 2020 83719 272 0 40938 715 30004 1296 9212 542 673 67 2019 95011 247 2 46206 881 33885 1583 10632 670 825 80 2018 81778 227 3 40073 725 29671 1392 8560 559 497 71 2017 78066 209 1 38777 661 28159 1210 7766 572 629 82 2016 59249 191 4 28704 363 21132 924 6806 459 597 69                                       28  30                                          UNODC  2022      ,         284                                       ,            ,                                ,                 ,                      1.   M.                                 . 2021. 2.  P.    :                   .    . 2021;28:12624. doi:10.18196/jmh.v28i2.12624. 3.   S,  SA,   B.                 . 2022. doi:10.2991/assehr.k.220406.007. 4.  I,   R,    D.         (                       ).       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