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O iginal A icle
POLITICAL CONTRIBUTION OF SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL TO
THE INDIAN POLITICS
S i. Baswa aj Swamy
Head. Dep o Poli ical Science
Siddha h A s and Comme ce Deg ee College, Janwada Road Bida .
Manusc ip ID:
IJAAR-130111
Abs ac :
This esea ch a icle ocuses on he poli ical con ibu ion o
Sa da Vallabhbhai Pa el o he Indian poli ics. sa da Vallabhbhai
Pa el Con ibu ion in Building he Mode n India Sa da Vallabhbhai
Pa el is one o he Mos Popula Leade s o India who is espec ed by
almos e e yone in India, He was one o hose Leade s who
pa icipa ed in he F eedom S uggle Ac i ely and has con ibu ed a lo
in Building he Mode n India, Mos ly he is espec ed by us Indians
because o his con ibu ion a e he Independence. He was he Fi s
Depu y PM o India. Vallabh Bhai Pa el was an Indian ba is e and
s a esman, one o he leade s o he Indian Na ional Cong ess. He had
known o be social leade o India who played a majo ole in he
coun y's s uggle o independence and guided i s in eg a ion in o a
uni ed, independen na ion.
Keywo ds: Democ acy, Cons i u ion, Indian Poli ics. Execu i e
Council, Uni y, Republic o India, S a esman o In g i y. Execu i e
Council.
ISSN: 2347-7075
Impac Fac o – 8.141
Volume - 13
Issue - 1
Sep embe - Oc obe 2025
Pp. 63-71
Submi ed:
30 Sep 2025
Re ised:
19 Oc 2025
Accep ed:
28 Oc 2025
Published:
31 Oc 2025
Co esponding Au ho :
S i. Baswa aj Swamy
Quick Response Code:
Websi e: h ps://ijaa .co.in/
DOI:
10.5281/zenodo.17677688
DOI Link:
h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenod
o.17677688
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ha app op ia e c edi is gi en and ha any new c ea ions a e licensed unde iden ical e ms.
How o ci e his a icle:
S i. Baswa aj Swamy. (2025). Poli ical Con ibu ion O Sa da Vallabhbhai Pa el To The
Indian Poli ics. In e na ional Jou nal o Ad ance and Applied Resea ch, 13(1), 63–71.
h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17677688
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In oduc ion:
Popula ly known as he I on Man o
India, Sa da Vallabhbhai Pa el was one o
he ounding a he s o he Republic o
India. As a s a esman o in eg i y, he played
a quin essen ial ole in helping India ga ne
independence om he B i ish ule.
Howe e , his ole in he independence
s uggle did no end wi h jus ha as he was
he man who guided he coun y o become a
uni ed, independen na ion. Bo n in a
Guja a i amily, Pa el was academically
ained o become a lawye . Howe e ,
inspi ed by he wo ks and eachings o
Gandhi, he swi ched o gi e his li e o he
Indian s uggle o independence. One o he
leade s o he Indian Na ional Cong ess, he
aised o p ominence in his home s a e o
his ou s anding wo k o sa ing peasan s o
Guja a om he opp essi e policies
imposed by he B i ish Raj, h ough non-
iolen ci il disobedience.
Pa el se e ely c i icised he ice oy's
induc ion o League minis e s in o he
go e nmen , and he e alida ion o he
g ouping scheme by he B i ish wi hou
Cong ess app o al. Al hough u he
ou aged a he League's boyco o he
assembly and non-accep ance o he plan o
16 May despi e en e ing go e nmen , he was
also awa e ha Jinnah did enjoy popula
suppo amongs Muslims, and ha an open
con lic be ween him and he na ionalis s
could degene a e in o a Hindu-Muslim ci il
wa o disas ous consequences. The
con inua ion o a di ided and weak cen al
go e nmen would in Pa el's mind, esul in
he wide agmen a ion o India by
encou aging mo e han 600 p incely s a es
owa ds independence. I wasn' long be o e
Pa el became he ailblaze in he na ionalis
mo emen . I was o his abili y o lead om
he on ha he was gi en he o ename,
Sa da , meaning Chie . Pa el is also c edi ed
o es ablishing mode n all-India ci il
se ices and o he same, is emembe ed as
he 'Pa on Sain ' o India's ci il se an s. I
was his shee sense o wisdom, p ac ical
acumen, sha p mind, g ea o ganiza ional
skills and poli ical insigh ha helped Pa el
become one amongs he g ea es leade s o
India.
Objec i es o he S udy:
1. To s udy he Sa da Vallabhai Pa el
con ibu ion o Indian poli ics.
2. To iden i y he Sa da Vallabhbhai
Pa el‘s ole in Uni ying India.
Me hodology:
The esea ch is mainly aimed a
unde s and he poli ical con ibu ion o
sa da allabhai pa el o he Indian
poli ics. he me hodology o his s udy is
desc ibed in de ail Below In o de o achie e
he esea ch aim and objec i es, he a icle
mainly based on seconda y da a a e d awn
classi ied om he Publica ions o books,
mon hly jou nals, in e ne , magazines and
a icle.
Sa ada Pa el and Cong ess:
A e he Ba doli campaign, Sa da
Pa el, as Vallabhbai was also known,
emained one o he bes known and
espec ed Cong ess leade s o he coun y,
bu mos o his ac i i ies om hen on un il
he ans e o powe we e ei he as Gandhi's
chie lieu enan in na ional campaigns
agains B i ish ule o as he p incipal pa y
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and elec o al o ganize and und- aise o
he Indian Na ional Cong ess. Th oughou
he emainde o his poli ical ca ee , hough
he was conside ed one o he ou o i e
opmos Cong ess leade s o he coun y, he
emained subo dina e i s o Gandhi and,
a e Gandhi's dea h, o Neh u as p ime
minis e . Al hough he was p oposed o
p esiden o he Indian Na ional Cong ess
a e he Ba doli sa yag aha, he ga e place
in 1929 o Jawaha lal Neh u, and did no
ecei e his high honou un il 1931. Du ing
he na ionalis mo emen , beginning wi h his
i s a es du ing Gandhi's sal sa yag aha
o 1930, Pa el spen many yea s in gaol. The
longes pe iods we e o six een mon hs,
which he spen wi h Gandhi, in 1932–4; nine
mon hs in 1940–41; and nea ly h ee yea s
om 1942 o 1945. Pa el was sup eme in
he pa y o ganiza ion in he coun y, hough
he was second o Neh u in he go e nmen .
Al hough Neh u was he mo e popula igu e
in he coun y and Gandhi's choice o p ime
minis e , Pa el demons a ed his abili y o
checkma e Neh u in he pa y on se e al
occasions a e independence, he mos
no able being he selec ion o Rajend a
P asad as India's i s p esiden and he
ic o y o his candida e o p esiden o he
Indian Na ional Cong ess in 1950,
Pu usho am Das Tandon—in bo h cases
agains he wishes o Neh u. Neh u was no
able, in ac , o asse his p imacy o e he
pa y o ganiza ion as well as he go e nmen
un il a e Pa el's dea h.
Cons i u ion o India:
Pa el also le his imp in upon he
cons i u ion o India h ough his
pa icipa ion as chai man on impo an
commi ees. His mos impo an
in e en ions in ol ed suppo o measu es
o s eng hen he cen al go e nmen in
ela ion o he s a es and go e nmen al
au ho i y in ela ion o socie y, p o ec
p i a e p ope y agains go e nmen
exp op ia ion wi hou adequa e
compensa ion, and p omo e he uni y o he
Indian peoples. He suppo ed a clause in he
cons i u ion, a icle 356, empowe ing he
cen al go e nmen o ake o e he
adminis a ion o any s a e unde ce ain
ci cums ances, he igh o dispossessed
landlo ds o adequa e compensa ion o hei
land, he paymen o p i y pu ses in
pe pe ui y o he o me Indian p inces in
compensa ion o he loss o hei kingdoms,
he main enance o he s a us and impo ance
in go e nmen o he éli e B i ish Indian
Ci il Se ice, enamed he Indian
adminis a i e se ice, and he aboli ion o
he sys em o sepa a e elec o a es o
Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs.
Execu i e Council:
Pa el became home membe o he
execu i e council on 3 Sep embe 1946. In
his capaci y he sha ed au ho i y wi h Neh u
and he Cong ess p esiden , Azad, in
o mula ing s a egy o dealing wi h he
Muslim League demands o Pakis an and
wi h he ice oy in a emp ing o con ol he
de eloping iolence which su ounded he
decision inally o pa i ion India. Al hough
hos ile o Jinnah and he Muslim League's
demands, Pa el was among he ea lies o he
Cong ess leade s o accep he impossibili y
o Cong ess–League co-ope a ion in an
independen India and hence o accep he
ine i abili y o pa i ion. As he iolence and
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mass ans e o popula ions began be ween
India and Pakis an, Pa el p essed Wa ell,
Col ille, and Moun ba en in succession o
s e ne measu es o be aken o con ol he
iolence, including he imposi ion o ma ial
law. Howe e , nei he he B i ish ule s no
Pa el as home minis e a e independence
p o ed able o ac e ec i ely o s em he
iolence, which eached e ible p opo ions
du ing and a e he ans e o powe . He
ailed e en o b ing unde con ol massi e
io ing in Delhi be o e ex ensi e iolence
and mu de had aken place. He was blamed
also o ailing o p e en he mu de o
Gandhi in Delhi, hough he was p e en ed
by Gandhi himsel om imposing s ic e
secu i y measu es o p o ec his li e.
Depu y P ime Minis e :
As depu y P ime Minis e Pa el held
h ee po olios: home, in o ma ion and
b oadcas ing, and s a es. Pa el also se ed as
ac ing p ime minis e on ou occasions.
Howe e , he balance in he ela ionship
g adually shi ed in a ou o Neh u a e he
dea h o Gandhi in 1948 and Pa el's
weakened condi ion a e his i s hea
a ack in Ma ch o he same yea .
Ne e heless, in his capaci y as minis e o
s a es, Pa el had i ually comple e con ol
o e one o he mos c i ical ma e s aced
by he go e nmen o India du ing and a e
he ans e o powe om B i ain, namely,
he in eg a ion in o he Indian Union o he
now o mally independen p incely s a es.
Wi h he able assis ance o his p incipal
sec e a y, V. P. Menon, Pa el ba gained
wi h, cajoled, and h ea ened when necessa y
he 562 ajas and maha ajas in o gi ing up
hei ule and acceding o he Indian Union.
When e en h ea s ailed, Pa el did no
sh ink om he use o a med o ce, as in he
case o bo h he iny s a e o Junaga h, and
he much la ge s a e o Hyde abad. In he
case o Kashmi , howe e , Pa el played a
s ongly suppo i e, bu seconda y ole o
Neh u, who ook he in eg a ion o ha s a e
in o he Indian Union as his pe sonal
esponsibili y.
Poli ical Con ibu ion o Sa da
Vallabhai Pa el:
Al hough Pa el ne e de eloped a
sys ema ic se o ideas o India's poli ical
de elopmen , economic policies, o o eign
ela ions, he had s ong iews on many
ma e s, which we e exp essed in his ac ions
and s a emen s. He s ood o he
ans o ma ion o India in o a majo
indus ial powe , which he hough could be
achie ed only by a s ong, cen alized s a e.
Al hough no a e se o a go e nmen al ole
in indus ial de elopmen and ag a ian
ans o ma ion, he did no suppo assaul s
agains p i a e indus ial and comme cial
en e p ises. He was sha ply c i ical o and
opposed poli ically he communis and
socialis pa ies and hei leade s, whose
ideas he conside ed un ealis ic and i ele an
o Indian socie y and economy. In
ag icul u e he suppo ed he igh s o peasan
p op ie o s agains bo h he o me landlo ds
and he s a e. He opposed he demands o
he eo ganiza ion o he in e nal bounda ies
o he Indian s a es on linguis ic g ounds as a
po en ial h ea o Indian uni y, and a ou ed
he adop ion o Hindi as he o icial
language o he coun y. As home minis e
he used his powe s o a es o s a e o
mili an Sikh demands in Delhi o a special
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s a us o he Sikhs in Punjab. Al hough he
decla ed his belie in he secula ideology o
he Indian s a e, he adop ed a pa onizing
a i ude owa ds he Muslims who emained
in India a e pa i ion, while on he o he
hand accep ing as pa io ic Indians he
membe s o he mili an Hindu o ganiza ion,
he Rash iya Swayamse ak Sangh (RSS).
He dispu ed he complici y o his
o ganiza ion in he mu de o Maha ma
Gandhi and u ged an ea ly emo al o he
ban imposed on i a e Gandhi's
assassina ion. Howe e , Pa el ook a much
s onge s and agains communis s: he
success ully pilo ed he P e en i e
De en ion Ac h ough pa liamen in
Feb ua y 1950; i was in ended o s eng hen
he go e nmen 's abili y o de ain
communis s in gaol o longe pe iods
wi hou ial han he cou s we e willing o
allow.
In o eign ela ions Pa el ook
such a s ong s and in a ou o sanc ions
agains Pakis an a e pa i ion ha he ea ned
he displeasu e o Gandhi. He ook a
posi ion opposi e o ha o Neh u in ela ion
o Tibe and China, adop ing an a i ude o
dis us owa ds China in gene al,
condemna ion o he Chinese in asion o
Tibe in pa icula , and a willingness o
p o ide Indian diploma ic suppo o Tibe .
He a ou ed s ong condemna ion o No h
Ko ea's agg ession agains Sou h Ko ea in
June 1950. No did he sha e he mis us o
Neh u and o he s on he le in Indian
poli ics o he Uni ed S a es and hei
eluc ance o accep US aid. Pa el also
suppo ed s ongly he main enance o
India's membe ship in he Commonweal h.
Sa da Vallabhbhai Pa el’s ole in
Uni ying India:
This e en o med he co ne s one o
Pa el's popula i y in pos -independence e a
and e en oday, he is emembe ed as he
man who uni ed India. Pa el asked
.p.menon a senio ci il se an wi h whom
he had wo ked o e he pa i ion o india o
become his igh -hand as chie sec e a y o
he S a es Minis y. On 6 May 1947, Pa el
began lobbying he p inces, a emp ing o
make hem ecep i e owa ds dialogue wi h
he u u e Go e nmen and ying o o es all
po en ial con lic s. Pa el used social
mee ings and uno icial su oundings o
engage mos mona chs, in i ing hem o
lunch and ea a his home in Delhi A hese
mee ings, Pa el s a ed ha he e was no
inhe en con lic be ween he Cong ess and
he p incely o de . None heless, he s essed
ha he p inces would need o accede o
India in good ai h by 15 Augus 1947. Pa el
in oked he pa io ism o India's mona chs,
asking hem o join in he eedom o hei
na ion and ac as esponsible ule s who
ca ed abou he u u e o hei people. He
pe suaded he p inces o 565 s a es o he
impossibili y o independence om he
Indian epublic, especially in he p esence o
g owing opposi ion om hei subjec s. He
p oposed a ou able e ms o he me ge ,
including c ea ion o p i y pu ses o he
descendan s o he ule s.
Deadline o 15 Augus 1947 o hem
o sign he ins umen o accession
documen . All bu h ee o he s a es
willingly me ged in o he Indian union—
only Jammu and Kashmi unagadh and
Hyde abad did no all in o his baske .
Junagadh was especially impo an o Pa el,
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since i was in his home s a e o Guja a and
also because his Ka hiawa dis ic had he
ul a- ich Somna h emple which had been
plunde ed 17 imes by Mahmud o Ghazni
who b oke he emple and i s idols o ob i
o i s iches, eme alds, diamonds and gold.
The Nawab had unde p essu e om Si
shah nawaz bhu oacceded o Pakis an. I
was howe e , qui e a om Pakis an and
80% o i s popula ion was Hindu. Pa el
combined diplomacy wi h o ce, demanding
ha Pakis an annul he accession, and ha
he Nawab accede o India. He sen he
A my o occupy h ee p incipali ies o
Junagadh o show his esol e. Following
widesp ead p o es s and he o ma ion o a
ci il go e nmen , o Aa zi Hukuma , bo h
Bhu o and he Nawab led o ka achi and
unde Pa el's o de s, Indian A my and police
uni s ma ched in o he s a e. A plebisci e
la e o ganised p oduced a 99.5% o e o
me ge wi h India. In a speech a he
Bahauddin College in Junagadh ollowing
he la e 's ake-o e , Pa el emphasised his
eeling o u gency on Hyde abad, which he
el was mo e i al o India han Jammu and
Kashmi unagadh. I Hyde abad does no see
he w i ing on he wall, i goes he way
Junagadh has gone. Pakis an a emp ed o se
o Kashmi agains Junagadh. When we
aised he ques ion o se lemen in a
democ a ic way, hey (Pakis an) a once old
us ha hey would conside i i we applied
ha policy o Kashmi . Ou eply was ha
we would ag ee o Kashmi i hey ag eed o
Hyde abad.
Hyde abad was he la ges o he
p incely s a es, and included pa s o
p esen -day Andha ap adesh Ka na aka, and
maha ash a s a es. I s ule , he Nizam
osman Ali Khan was a Muslim, al hough
o e 80% o i s people we e Hindu. The
Nizam sough independence o accession
wi h Pakis an. Muslim o ces loyal o
Nizam, called he azaka s unde Qasim
az i p essed he Nizam o hold ou agains
India, while o ganising a acks on people on
Indian soil. E en hough a S ands ill
Ag eemen was signed due o he despe a e
e o s o Lo d Moun ba en o a oid a wa ,
he Nizam ejec ed deals and changed his
posi ions. In Sep embe 1948, Pa el
emphasised in Cabine mee ings ha India
should alk no mo e, and econciled Neh u
and he Go e no -Gene al,chak a a i
ajagopalacha i o mili a y ac ion. Following
p epa a ions, Pa el o de ed heindian a my o
in eg a e Hyde abad (in his capaci y as
Ac ing P ime Minis e ) when Neh u was
ou ing Eu ope.The ac ion was e med
ope a ion polo in which housands o
Razaka o ces had been killed, bu
Hyde abad was com o ably secu ed in o he
Indian Union.
Communis Challenge o Indian
Democ acy:
some ecollec ions : Dwa ka P asad
Mish a 29 ecollec s: ― ...When in he wake
o independence, mass mu de s and
mig a ions, and la e he Kashmi p oblem,
made he i s go e nmen o independen
India ulne able, he Communis s ound
hei oppo uni y and by a se ies o bloody
insu ec ions ied o smash and eplace wha
hey called bou geois democ acy by socialis
democ acy. In he Telengana egion o
Hyde abad hey had success ully enginee ed
peasan e ol s and now wan ed o ex end
hem o o he pa s o India. In he u ban
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a eas hey concen a ed on mobilizing
iolence and b inging abou a gene al s ike.
They ied o o m shock b igades and
gue illa squads and ain hei wo ke s o
aid police s a ions and ambush police
pa ies. They planned o de elop a mass
mo emen by hei iolen ac i i ies
h oughou he coun y, hoping ha hese
would culmina e in people hemsel es aking
up a ms o h ow ou he go e nmen . Bu
Home Minis e Pa el ac ed swi ly and he
Communis design was almos nipped in he
bud. Ve y soon hei iolence los i s u y
and o ce and he planned mass insu ec ions
degene a ed in o e o is ac i i ies. In
Telengana peasan e ol s s opped and
mu de s o indi idual zaminda s began. In
he ci ies bombs con inued o be h own on
ains and buses bu e o ism on any la ge
scale, which would lead o any kind o
e olu ion, had anished. O cou se, hei
calling upon he Indian a my o u n hei
guns and bayone s and i e upon he
Cong ess ascis s was an ac o shee
despe a ion.‖
Pa el and Pakis an:
Who mo ed ha esolu ion in he
cons i uen assembly ha implied disca ding
he p oposal o sepa a e elec o a es o he
Muslims, a c ucial p i ilege g an ed o D .
Ambedka . Sa da Pa el had disliked he
consequences o sepa a e Muslim
elec o a es, be o e pa i ion. Indian Muslims
paid a hea y p ice as a esul . He was blun
enough o ell Muslims , ―I espec ully
appeal o all belie e s in he wo na ion
heo y o go and enjoy he ui s o hei
eedom and lea e us he e in peace.” He had
i m belie in a uni ed India, esol ing, Wha
na u e and God had in ended o be one on
no accoun can be spli in wo o all imes.
He e med he wo-na ion heo y, he alse
doc ine o wo na ions. Pa el himsel had an
awa eness o he c i icism o his no
ollowing Gandhiji, he had said, ―While
people alk o ou ailing o ollow
Gandhiji’s eachings, I wish o gi e you an
example which I emembe om his
con e sa ion.” He goes on o eco d how
happy and p oud he ound Gandhiji when
he la e hea d abou he ope a ion in
Kashmi by he Indian a my. I was his
o midable leade who was esponsible o
ai li oops in S inaga , Kashmi , unde he
B i ish commande s. Sa da Pa el, also
wan ed o a ack Pakis an, i possible. He
had said, ―I all he decisions es ed on me, I
hink I would be in a o o ex ending his
li le a ai in Kashmi o a ull scale wa
wi h Pakis an. Le us ge i o e wi h once
and o all and se le down as a uni ed
con inen .‖Was i o his, ha Gandhiji
p e e ed he calme Neh u o e him‖.
Majo Achie emen s o Sa da Pa el:
1. Pa el was he backbone o Gandhi‘s
sa yag ahas. Du ing he Dandi Ma ch
in 1930, he played he ole o John he
Bap is o Gandhi as a o e unne who
―bap ised‖ people en ou e. In a
speech as Wasna, on his way o Dandi,
Gandhi admi ed: ―I could succeed in
Kheda [in 1918] on accoun o
Vallabhbhai, and i is on accoun o
him ha I am he e oday.‖
2. In he Ba doli sa yag aha in 1928,
Pa el played he ole o a Lenin. The
B i ish-owned and edi ed Times o
India w o e ha Pa el had ―ins i u ed
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he e a Bolshe ik egime in which he
plays he ole o Lenin‖.
3. As chai man o he Cong ess
Pa liamen a y Boa d, Pa el played he
ole o a s ic boss in he conduc o
he p o incial elec ions in 1937. In
ha capaci y he decla ed: ―When he
Cong ess olle is in ac ion, all pebbles
and s ones will be le elled.‖ He did
no spa e senio leade s like K. F.
Na iman and N. B. Kha e; no e en
he indomi able Subhash Chand a
Bose. He was an uncomp omising
disciplina ian. Tha was a majo
con ibu ion o he pa y‘s uni y and
s eng h.
4. Wi hou Pa el‘s suppo Lo d Wa ell
could no ha e o med he in e im
go e nmen in Augus 1946, no could
Lo d Moun ba en, in 1947, ha e
implemen ed ans e o powe
smoo hly and wi hin he ime- ame.
In e u n, Pa el go o India hal o
Punjab and hal o Bengal and he
whole o Assam. Pa el also go
e mina ion o pa amoun cy, which
enabled him o achie e in eg a ion o
o e 560 p incely s a es. Tha was his
mas e -s oke, which demolished
Chu chill‘s impe ial s a egy. Wha
was ha s a egy? An accoun is gi en
in he chap e A Chu chillian Plan:
Pa i ion o India.
5. B ie ly discussed is wha would ha e
been India‘s posi ion in Kashmi ,
Tibe and Nepal had Pa el‘s p oposals
been implemen ed. Kashmi had been
aken away om Pa el‘s cha ge by
Neh u unde Sheikh Abdullah‘s
p essu e, while Tibe and Nepal we e
o eign e i o ies di ec ly unde
Neh u‘s cha ge.
6. Philip Mason (ICS) has w i en in he
Dic iona y o Na ional Biog aphy:
―Pa el has been compa ed o Bisma ck
bu he pa allel canno be ca ied a .
Pa el was cou ageous, hones and
ealis ic, bu a om cynical.‖
7. On his demise on 15 Decembe 1950,
he Manches e Gua dian (now
Gua dian) w o e: ―Wi hou Pa el,
Gandhi‘s ideas would ha e had less
p ac ical in luence and Neh u‘s
idealism less scope.‖
Conclusion:
Sa da Vallabhbhai Pa el
Con ibu ion in Building he Mode n India
Sa da Vallabhbhai Pa el is one o he Mos
Popula Leade s o India who is espec ed by
almos e e y one in India, He was one o
hose Leade s who pa icipa ed in he
F eedom S uggle Ac i ely and has
con ibu ed a lo in Building he Mode n
India, Mos ly he is espec ed by us Indians
because o his con ibu ion a e he
Independence. He is one o he Followe s o
Maha ma Gandhi who always shown his
Fai h in Maha ma and ollowed his pa h ill
he li ed, Sa da pa el ac i ely pa icipa ed in
Champa an, Kheda Sa yg aha's and in
almos e e y Mo emen which is led by
Maha ma Gandhi. Bu as I said he is Mo e
popula because o his wo k a e he
Independence o India, He was he Fi s
Depu y PM o India. We ha e sha e Some
o his wo ds on a ious occasions Sa da
Pa el was conside ed o be a s a esman o
in eg i y wi h he p ac ical acumen capable
o Sol ing any p oblem. As a man o ac ion,
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he wa ched he adminis a ion in ope a ion.
As a poli ical and social wo ke , wi h his
ea s o he g ound and his hea close o he
people i was no di icul o him wi h his
sensi i i y o unde s and he ailings o he
adminis a i e sys em and he pe sonnel
manning i . The inspi a ion o he mo i e
o ce o his insigh and e o was he ques
o deli e ance om o eign domina ion. His
wid h o ou look o as ness o men al
ho izon, cha i y o hea , and sensi i i y o
public eeing we e la gely esponsible o
his ema kable achie emen s as a poli ician
as well as an adminis a o . S aigh , simple,
ye sh ewd, he acqui ed a comp ehensi e
and ealis ic g asp o all ma e s ela ing o
he adminis a ion o public a ai s.
Re e ences:
1. Sa da Pa el's speech deli e ed a
Calcu a Maidan whe e mo e han hal a
million people had ga he ed o lis en o
him on Janua y 3 d , 1948 ide,
P.D.Saggi edi ed, Li e & Wo k o Sa da
Vallabhbhai Pa el, Bombay: O e seas
Publishing House, [Da e no S a ed],
p.52
2. Hyde abad's Rela ions wi h he
Dominion o India (in h ee olumes
issued by he Go e nmen o Hyde abad
and Be a , 1948).
3. Ex ac s om Sa da Pa el's le e o
Neh u on China, da ed, 7 No embe ,
1950, (D.O. No. 821-DPM/50, S ic ly
Pe sonal) ide, K.M.Munshi, Pilg image
o F eedom, op.ci ., pp.175-181.
4. Ex ac om Sa da Pa el's le e o all
P emie s [Chie Minis e s] on ―Global
Ma e s‖, New Delhi, 15 Oc obe , 1948
ide, Du ga Das, ed. Sa da Pa el's
Co espondence: 1945-50, ol.6,
Ahmedabad: Na aji an Publishing
House, 1973, pp.440-41 .
5. D. Ha diman,(1981) Peasan
na ionalis s o Guja a : Kheda dis ic ,
1917–1934 ·D.P.Mish a, The Neh u
Epoch: om Democ acy o Monoc acy,
New Delhi: Ha -Anand Publica ions,
2001,
6. Molina, I (2006). ‗Women and Teaching
in Cos a Rica in he Ea ly 20 h Cen u y‘
in Co ina & SanRoman (eds.) Women
and Teaching: Global Pe spec i es on
he Feminisa ion o a P o ession.
NewYo k: Palg a e MacMillan.
7. D.P.Mish a, The Neh u Epoch: om
Democ acy o Monoc acy, New Delhi:
Ha -Anand Publica ions, 2001,
8. Dwa ka P asad Mish a (1901-1988),
eedom igh e , wice Chie Minis e o
Madhya P adesh. Mish a was a close
pa icipan in pos independen India's
poli ics ill well in o he 1970s.
9. D. Das, ed., (1971) · Sa da Pa el's
co espondence, 1945–50, 10 ols.
10. P. N. Chop a, ed., The collec ed wo ks
o Sa da Vallabhbhai Pa el, 10 ols. ·
11. N. D. Pa ikh, (1953–6)Sa da
Vallabhbhai Pa el, 2 ols.
